中兽医术语 第9部分：针灸

1中兽医术语第9部分：针灸于中兽医治疗、教学、科研、兽医行政管理、出针灸acupunctureandm针灸学scienceofacupunctureandmoxibustionofChinesemedicine兽医针灸学scienceofveterinaryacupunctureandmoxibustion经络学subjectofmeridianandcoll研究腧穴的定位、特点、主治、应用及其原理的一门针灸刺法灸法学subjectofacupunctureandmoxibustionte研究针灸治疗疾病的各种方法、操作技术、临床应用及其原理的一门针灸2针灸治疗学subjectofacupunctureandmoxibustion运用中医基础理论和经络、腧穴、刺灸方法等基础知识来研究针灸防治疾病的一门针灸学科。针刺手法needlingtech用，通过经络的传导，起到温通气血，扶正针灸刺激量stimulatingquantityofacupunctureandmox种因素决定。艾灸刺激量由艾炷大小、壮数和时间等多种因素针灸刺激强度stimulusintensityofacupunctureandmoxib针感者为弱刺激；灸治则以小艾炷、少壮数或短时间熏灸为弱3行针候气manipulatingneedl疏通经络unblockingthemeridianandcollat盛则泻之treatingexcesswit邪气壅盛、正气未衰，属实证者，针刺可用泻的方法治虚则补之treatingdeficiencywi不盛不虚以经取之treatinginapparentastheniaandsth4陷下则灸之moxibustionforsunkenpu菀陈则除之bloodlettingfor凡气血郁久不散，积于脉络所引起的疾病，以祛除瘀根据病变部位的深浅和病情的轻重等情况，分别采用适当的针灸治法以上病下取treatingupper下病上取treatinglower以左治右treatingrightdi以右治左treatingleftdi实则泻其子reducingchild-elementin虚则补其母reinforcingmother-elementin脏病取原selectionofsourcepointforzang-viscusdisease5选穴法pointselection局部选穴法localpointselection邻近选穴法adjacentpointselection远道选穴法distantpointselection在远离患病部位的经络上选取穴位治疗的选穴循经选穴法pointselectionalongthemeridian同经相应选穴法pointselectionaccordingtocorrespondingportionofsamenamemeridian异经选穴法othermeridianpointselection对症选穴法pointselectionaccordingtosymptom表里选穴法exterior-interiormer6对应取穴法pointselectionaccordingtocorrespondingportion辨证选穴法pointselectionaccordingtosyndromedifferentiation交叉选穴法contralateralmeridianpointselection交会选穴法crossingpointselection以痛为输tenderpointselection本经配穴法samemeridianpointscom表里经配穴法exterior-interiormeridi原络配穴法source-connectingpoints7同名经配穴法samenamemeridi子母配穴法mother-sonp交会经配穴法crossingmeridianpoin阴阳配穴法yin-yangpoi前后配穴法anterior-posterior左右配穴法left-rightpointscombina内外配穴法medial-latera远近配穴法distant-localpointscombi主应配穴法correspondingmaster8九针ninekindsofclassi4.1.14.1.24.1.34.1.44.1.54.1.64.1.74.1.84.1.994.2.14.2.24.2.34.2.44.2.54.2.64.2.7针端呈钝圆的矛尖状，针身扁平，用竹片或合金制成4.2.84.2.94.2.104.2.114.2.12骨眼钩guyanneedle4.2.134.2.144.2.15用硬质木料旋成，长约35cm，含锤头、锤柄、持针孔、锯缝、活动箍用于固定针4.2.164.2.17走索子zousuozi4.3现代针具4.3.14.3.24.3.3激光针灸仪laseracupunct4.3.4微波针灸仪microwaveacupun4.4押手法4.4.14.4.2指切押手法fingernail-pressin4.4.3舒张押手法skinspreadingpre4.4.44.4.5骈指押手法side-by-sidefingerpres4.5持针法4.5.14.5.2执笔式持针法holdingneedlelikeusin4.5.3二指持针法holdingneedlewithtw用刺手拇食指持针柄，针体与拇指呈90°4.5.4全握式持针法holdingneedlewithfu4.5.54.5.6针锤持针法needlehammerholdi4.5.7手代针锤持针法handreplaceneedleham4.6进针法4.6.14.6.2针刺角度angleofneedleinse4.6.2.14.6.34.6.3.1横透transversepenetr4.6.44.6.4.1针刺时，针体进入机体皮下较浅部位，或仅4.6.4.24.6.5针尖抵于腧穴皮肤上，运用指力不加捻转或其他术式，直接刺入皮下的4.6.64.6.7分散患畜注意力，以刺手点穴并快速进针，可减轻进针时的刺皮痛，常用于不太配合4.6.8管针进针法insertionofneedlew4.7.14.7.24.7.34.7.4提插法methodoflifting-thrustingneedle将针刺入腧穴一定深度后，施以上提下插动作的行针手法。4.7.5捣法continuouslifting-thrusting将针刺入一定深度后，右手捏持针柄，作较大幅度提插动作的行针辅助手法。4.7.6将针刺入腧穴一定深度后，施以向前向后捻转动作的行针手法。4.7.74.7.84.7.94.7.104.7.11搓法needle-twisting将针刺入一定深度后，用拇食指加中指持针作一捻一放动作的运针手法。4.8.14.8.24.8.34.9.14.9.2轻捻出针法gentletwirlingandneedlewith用刺手拇、食二指或拇、食、中三指挟持针柄，轻捻慢提，将针拔出体外的出4.9.3抽拔出针法withdrawneedleq4.9.4退法needle-withdrawing4.10针刺异常情况4.10.1晕针faintingduring4.10.2针刺后发生的针下滞涩而捻转提插不便等运针困难的4.10.34.10.44.11针刺补泻法4.11.1针刺补泻reinforcingandreducingmanipulationso针刺得气后，根据患者病证的不同情况采用相应的针刺操作以补虚4.11.24.11.3三进一退reinforcingnee4.11.4推而纳之pushingandthrusting4.11.5针刺泻法reducingneedlemani4.11.6一进三退reducingneedleby4.11.7三出三入threetimesneedleofone-insert4.11.84.11.94.11.9.1迎随补泻法directionalreinforci4.11.9.2捻转补泻法twirlingreinforcingan4.11.9.3提插补泻法lifting-thrustingreinforcingandre4.11.9.44.11.9.54.11.9.6徐疾补泻法quick-slowreinforcing通过掌握毫针进针、出针以及行针的速度快慢进行针刺补泻的操作4.11.9.7呼吸补泻法respiratoryreinf4.11.9.8开阖补泻法open-closedreinforcin4.11.9.9平补平泻法neutralreinforc4.11.9.104.11.9.11复式补泻法compoundreinforcin4.11.10.1针刺入皮下后，将预定针刺深度分为浅、中、深三层，由浅至深，每层施以紧按慢提九次，最后4.11.10.2透天凉法toutianliangreducingmethod4.12练针法4.12.1纸垫练针法puncturingdri4.12.2棉团练针法puncturingdrillswithacotto4.12.3水中漂果练习法puncturingdrillswithfloatingfr4.12.4速刺金钱法puncturingdrillswithco4.13.14.13.1.1毫针疗法filiformneed4.13.1.24.13.2血针疗法bloodinjectiont4.13.2.1宽针刺血法wideneedlebloo4.13.2.2三棱针刺血法three-edgedn用三棱针刺破皮肤浅表部小静脉或静脉丛，使之少量出血以治疗疾病4.13.34.13.44.13.5水针疗法liquidinjectionth4.13.5.1穴位液压疗法acupointflui4.13.5.24.13.5.3穴位封闭疗法acupointblock将麻醉剂或镇静止痛剂注入穴位以治疗疾病的4.13.5.4穴位免疫疗法acupointimmuni4.13.6将患者静脉抽出的血液重新注入其腧穴中，以防治疾病的方法。4.13.74.13.7.1夹气针刺法jiaqineedleacupu4.13.7.2提皮进气法liftskinairacupun4.13.7.3用注射器向穴位深部注入空气或氧气等气体以治疗疾艾灸疗法moxaflossmoxibustio5.2.1.1麦粒灸wheat-grainsizeconemoxibus无瘢痕灸non-scarring隔蒜灸garlicinterpose在艾炷与皮肤之间隔以蒜片或蒜饼施行的隔物隔附子饼灸monkshoodcakeinterposed5.2.1.1.105.2.1.2艾条灸moxastickmoxibusti将艾条点燃的一端与施灸部位的皮肤保持一定距离，使患者有温热感而无灼痛的悬起灸。施灸时，艾条点燃的一端与施灸部位的皮肤保持一定距离，左右移动、反复旋转的悬起雀啄灸sparrowpecking-likem太乙神针taiyimoxastickmoxibustion5.2.1.3温筒灸moxibustionwithm5.2.1.4灸法补泻reinforcingandredu应用温热物体对家畜患部或穴位以温热刺激借以疏通5.2.2.15.2.2.25.2.2.35.2.2.4烧烙疗法cauterization5.2.3.15.2.3.2熨烙法ironingandcauterizationt用烧红的大方型烙铁熨烙覆盖在穴位或患部皮肤上的浸醋纱布棉垫的一种烧烙毫针留针时在针柄上置以艾绒（艾团或艾条皮肤针疗法cutaneousneedleth循经叩刺knockneedlingalongthe臭氧针刺疗法oxonepoint-injectiont火罐投火法firethrowin火罐闪火法flash-firecupp火罐贴棉法cotton-adhibiting火罐滴酒法alcoholcuppin火罐架火法alcoholfire-separa刺血拔罐法pricking-cuppingbloodlettingmet水罐法boilingwatercuppi药罐法medicatedcupping针罐法needlingassociatedwithcu贮药罐法cuppingwithmedicinalliquid针药罐法needle-medicatedcuppingm穴位埋线疗法pointcatgut-embed穿刺针埋线法catgut-embeddingwithlumbar切开埋线法catgut-embeddingbyi切开皮肤后，将羊肠线埋入穴位以治疗疾病的三角针埋线法catgut-embeddingwith穴位激光照射疗法laserirradiationtherapyofpoi穴位磁疗法acupointmagn紫外线穴位照射疗法ultravioletirradiationtherapyofpoint微波针疗法microwaveacu应用微波针治疗仪输出的微波，通过特制的辐射器与刺入穴位的毫针连接，将针刺和微波的热效应结合起来以治疗疾病的方法。敷脐疗法therapyofmedicinalapplicationonnavel[4]ISO19465:2017TraditionalChinesemedicine—CategoriesoftraditionalChclinicalterminologicals[5]ISO/TS17938:2014Healthinformatics—Semanticnetwmedicinelanguagesystem[8]钟秀会.动物针灸学[M].北京[18]世界中医药学会联合会.中医基本名词术语中英对照国际标准[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,A艾灸疗法......................................................................5.2.1艾绒..........................................................................5.1.1艾条..........................................................................5.1.3艾条灸......................................................................5.2.1.2艾炷..........................................................................5.1.2艾炷灸......................................................................5.2.1.1B拔罐疗法........................................................................6.7白针疗法.....................................................................4.13.1瘢痕灸....................................................................5.2.1.1.4本经配穴法...................................................................3.19.1辨证选穴法..................................................................3.18.10表里经配穴法.................................................................3.19.2表里选穴法...................................................................3.18.8不盛不虚以经取之.............................................................3.17.3C插法..........................................................................4.7.3镵针..........................................................................4.1.1常用灸法........................................................................5.2常用针术.......................................................................4.13持针法..........................................................................4.5抽拔出针法....................................................................4.9.3抽筋钩.......................................................................4.2.11抽气罐法......................................................................6.7.4臭氧针刺疗法....................................................................6.4出针..........................................................................4.9.1出针法..........................................................................4.9穿刺针埋线法..................................................................6.9.1穿黄针........................................................................4.2.6刺法灸法学......................................................................3.6刺手..........................................................................4.5.1刺血拔罐法....................................................................6.7.2醋麸灸.....................................................................5.2.2.1醋酒灸.....................................................................5.2.2.2搓法........................................................................4.7.11D大泻........................................................................4.11.8大针.........................................................................4.1.9单式补泻手法................................................................4.11.9弹法.........................................................................4.7.7弹琴式持针法.................................................................4.5.5捣法.........................................................................4.7.5得气..........................................................................3.13鍉针.........................................................................4.1.3电热针灸仪...................................................................4.3.2电热针疗法.....................................................................6.2电针疗法....................................................................4.13.4电针仪.......................................................................4.3.1调气..........................................................................3.14动留针法.....................................................................4.8.3断针........................................................................4.10.4对应取穴法..................................................................3.18.9对症选穴法..................................................................3.18.7E耳针疗法.......................................................................6.6二指持针法...................................................................4.5.3F飞法........................................................................4.7.10飞针法.......................................................................4.6.7锋针.........................................................................4.1.4敷脐疗法......................................................................6.16复式补泻法.................................................................4.11.10G隔附子饼灸...............................................................5.2.1.1.9隔姜灸...................................................................5.2.1.1.7隔蒜灸...................................................................5.2.1.1.8隔盐灸..................................................................5.2.1.1.10骨眼钩.......................................................................4.2.12刮法..........................................................................4.7.8刮痧疗法........................................................................6.8管针进针法....................................................................4.6.8H寒则留之.....................................................................3.17.5毫针..........................................................................4.1.7毫针..........................................................................4.2.1毫针疗法...................................................................4.13.1.1横透........................................................................4.6.3.2红外线灸.......................................................................6.13候气...........................................................................3.15呼吸补泻法.................................................................4.11.9.7画烙法......................................................................5.2.3.1回旋灸....................................................................5.2.1.2.3火罐滴酒法..................................................................6.7.1.4火罐法........................................................................6.7.1火罐架火法..................................................................6.7.1.5火罐闪火法..................................................................6.7.1.2火罐贴棉法..................................................................6.7.1.3火罐投火法..................................................................6.7.1.1火针..........................................................................4.2.5火针疗法.....................................................................4.13.3J激光针灸仪....................................................................4.3.3急刺进针法....................................................................4.6.5夹持押手法....................................................................4.4.4夹气针........................................................................4.2.7夹气针刺法.................................................................4.13.7.1间接灸....................................................................5.2.1.1.6姜牙钩.......................................................................4.2.10交叉选穴法..................................................................3.18.11交会经配穴法.................................................................3.19.6交会选穴法..................................................................3.18.12进针法..........................................................................4.6经络学..........................................................................3.4静留针法......................................................................4.8.2九六补泻..................................................................4.11.9.11九针............................................................................4.1灸法...........................................................................3.1灸法补泻...................................................................5.2.1.4灸具...........................................................................5.1酒灸.......................................................................5.2.2.3局部叩刺...................................................................6.3.1.2K局部选穴法..................................................................3.18.1开阖补泻法................................................................4.11.9.8叩刺.......................................................................6.3.1.1宽针.........................................................................4.2.3宽针刺血法................................................................4.13.2.1L雷火神针.................................................................5.2.1.2.6练针法........................................................................4.12邻近选穴法..................................................................3.18.2留罐法.....................................................................6.7.1.8留针.........................................................................4.8.1留针法.........................................................................4.8留针候气....................................................................3.15.1M麦粒灸...................................................................5.2.1.1.2眉刀针.......................................................................4.2.8棉团练针法..................................................................4.12.2N内外配穴法.................................................................3.19.11捻转补泻法................................................................4.11.9.2捻转法.......................................................................4.7.6捻转进针法...................................................................4.6.6P配穴法........................................................................3.19皮肤针.........................................................................6.3皮肤针疗法...................................................................6.3.1铍针.........................................................................4.1.5骈指押手法....................................................................4.4.5平补平泻法.................................................................4.11.9.9平刺........................................................................4.6.2.3Q起罐法........................................................................6.7.8气针疗法.....................................................................4.13.7前后配穴法...................................................................3.19.9浅刺........................................................................4.6.4.1强刺激.......................................................................3.12.1切开埋线法....................................................................6.9.2轻捻出针法....................................................................4.9.2全握式持针法..................................................................4.5.4雀啄灸....................................................................5.2.1.2.4R热则疾之.....................................................................3.17.4软烧术......................................................................5.2.2.4弱刺激.......................................................................3.12.3S三出三入.....................................................................4.11.7三角针埋线法..................................................................6.9.3三进一退.....................................................................4.11.3三棱针........................................................................4.2.4三棱针刺血法...............................................................4.13.2.2三弯针.......................................................................4.2.13闪罐法......................................................................6.7.1.6上病下取.....................................................................3.17.9上下配穴法...................................................................3.19.8烧烙疗法......................................................................5.2.3烧山火法..................................................................4.11.10.1深刺........................................................................4.6.4.2盛则泻之.....................................................................3.17.1实按灸....................................................................5.2.1.2.5实则泻其子..................................................................3.17.13手代针锤持针法................................................................4.5.7兽医针灸学......................................................................3.3兽用针具........................................................................4.2舒张押手法....................................................................4.4.3疏通经络......................................................................3.16腧穴学.........................................................................3.5水罐法.......................................................................6.7.3水针疗法....................................................................4.13.5水中漂果练习法..............................................................4.12.3速刺金钱法..................................................................4.12.4宿水管......................................................................4.2.14随变而调气..................................................................3.17.8T太乙神针.................................................................5.2.1.2.7提插补泻法................................................................4.11.9.3提插法.......................................................................4.7.4提法.........................................................................4.7.2提皮进气法................................................................4.13.7.2同经相应选穴法..............................................................3.18.5同名经配穴法................................................................3.19.4头针疗法.......................................................................6.5透刺.........................................................................4.6.3透天凉法.................................................................4.11.10.2推而纳之....................................................................4.11.4退法.........................................................................4.9.4W弯针........................................................................4.10.3菀陈则除之..................................................................3.17.7微波针灸仪...................................................................4.3.4微波针疗法....................................................................6.14温和灸...................................................................5.2.1.2.2温灸器.......................................................................5.1.4温灸器灸...................................................................5.2.1.3温筒灸...................................................................5.2.1.3.1温针灸.........................................................................6.1X无瘢痕灸.................................................................5.2.1.1.5下病上取...................................................................3.17.10现代针具.......................................................................4.3陷下则灸之..................................................................3.17.6小宽针疗法................................................................4.13.1.3斜刺........................................................................4.6.2.2行针候气.....................................................................3.15.2虚则补其母..................................................................3.17.14虚则补之.....................................................................3.17.2徐疾补泻法.................................................................4.11.9.6悬起灸....................................................................5.2.1.2.1选穴法.........................................................................3.18穴位磁疗法.....................................................................6.11穴位封闭疗法...............................................................4.13.5.3穴位激光照射疗法................................................................6.1穴位埋线疗法....................................................................6.9穴位免疫疗法...............................................................4.13.5.4穴位药物疗法...............................................................4.13.5.2穴位液压疗法...............................................................4.13.5.1穴位注气法.................................................................4.13.7.3血针疗法.....................................................................4.13.2循经叩刺....................................................................6.3.1.3循经选穴法...................................................................3.18.4Y押手..........................................................................4.4.1押手法..........................................................................4.4摇法..........................................................................4.7.9药罐法......................................................................6.7.3.1药物贴敷疗法...................................................................6.15一进三退.....................................................................4.11.6以火补之..................................................................5.2.1.4.1以火泻之..................................................................5.2.1.4.2以痛为输....................................................................3.18.13以右治左....................................................................3.17.12以左治右....................................................................3.17.11异经选穴法...................................................................3.18.6阴阳配穴法...................................................................3.19.7迎随补泻法.................................................................4.11.9.1玉堂钩........................................................................4.2.9员利针........................................................................4.1.6员针..........................................................................4.1.2原络配穴法...................................................................3.19.3圆利针........................................................................4.2.2圆利针疗法.................................................................4.13.1.2远道选穴法...................................................................3.18.3远近配穴法..................................................................3.19.12晕针........................................................................4.10.1运针.........................................................................4.7.1运针法.........................................................................4.7熨灸疗法.....................................................................5.2.2熨烙法.....................................................................5.2.3.2Z脏病取原...................................................................3.17.15长针.........................................................................4.1.8针棒（杖）..................针锤........................................................................4.2.15针锤持针法...................................................................4.5.6针刺补法....................................................................4.11.2针刺补泻....................................................................4.11.1针刺补泻法....................................................................4.11针刺方向.....................................................................4.6.1针刺角度.....................................................................4.6.2针刺疗法.......................................................................3.8针刺深度.....................................................................4.6.4针刺手法.......................................................................3.9针刺泻法....................................................................4.11.5针刺异常情况...................................................................4.1针罐法.......................................................................6.7.5针灸...........................................................................