【学案】选修一Unit1晚自习限时训练

56级高二晚自习限时训练一．阅读理解：ARecordingsofangrybeesareenoughtosendbig,toughAfricanelephantsrunningaway,anewstudysays.Beehives(蜂窝)—eitherrecordedorreal—mayevenpreventelephantsfromdamagingfarmers'crops.In2002,scientistLucyKingandherteamfoundthatelephantsavoidcertaintreeswithbeeslivinginthem.Today,LucywantstoseeifAfricanhoneybeesmightdiscourageelephantsfromeatingcrops.Butbeforesheaskedfarmerstogotothetroubleofsettingupbeehivesontheirfarms,sheneededtofindoutifthebeeswouldscareelephantsaway.LucyfoundawildbeehiveinsideatreeinNorthernKenyaandsetuparecorder.Thenshethrewastoneintothebeehive,whichburstintolife.Lucyandherassistanthidintheircaruntiltheangrybeeshadcalmeddown.Next,LucysearchedoutelephantfamiliesinSamburuNationalReserveinNorthernKenyaandputaspeakerinatreeclosetoeachfamily.Fromadistance,Lucyswitchedonthepre­recordedsoundofangrybeeswhileatthesametimerecordingtheelephantswithavideocamera.Halftheelephantgroupslefttheareawithintenseconds.Outofatotalof17groups,onlyonegroupignoredthesoundoftheangrybees.Lucyreportedthatalltheyoungelephantsimmediatelyrantotheirmotherstohideunderthem.WhenLucyplayedthesoundofawaterfall(瀑布)insteadoftheangrybeestomanyofthesameelephantfamilies,theanimalswereundisturbed.Evenafterfourminutes,mostofthegroupsstayedinoneplace.Lucyisnowstudyingwhethertheelephantswillcontinuetoavoidthesoundofangrybeesafterhearingitseveraltimes.Shehasn'ttestedenoughgroupsyettoknow,butherinitial(最初的)resultswerepromisingenoughtobegintrialswithfarmers.Shehasnowbegunplacingspeakersinthefieldstoseeifelephantsarefrightenedaway.1．Weknowfromthepassagethatelephantsmaybefrightenedof________．A．loudnoisesB．somecropsC．videocamerasD．angrybees2．Asmentionedinthepassage,Lucy________．A．worksbyherselfinAfricaB．needstotestmoreelephantgroupsC．hasstoppedelephantseatingcropsD．hasgotfarmerstosetupbeehivesontheirfarms3．WhydidLucythrowastoneintoawildbeehive?A．Torecordthesoundofbees.B．Tomakeavideoofelephants.C．Toseeifelephantswouldrunaway.D．Tofindoutmoreaboutthebehaviourofbees.4．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．YoungelephantsignoreAfricanhoneybees.B．Waterfallscanmakeelephantsstayinoneplace.C．Elephantsdonotgoneartreeswithbeeslivinginthem.D．FarmersdonotallowLucytoconducttestsintheirfields.BLondon'snewestskyscraper(摩天大楼)iscalledtheShardanditcostabout430millionpoundstobuild.Ataheightofalmost310metres,itisthetallestbuildinginEurope.TheShardhaspletelychangedtheappearanceofLondon.However,noteveryonethinksthatitisachangeforthebetter.TheShardwasdesignedbythefamousItalianarchitectRenzoPiano.WhenhebegandesigningtheShardforLondon,Pianowantedaverytallbuildingthatlookedlikeaspire(尖顶).Hewantedtheglasssurfacestoreflecttheskyandthecity.Thesidesofthebuildingaren'tregular.Sothebuildinghasanunusualshape.Itlookslikeaverythin,sharppieceofbrokenglass.Andthatishowthebuildinggotthename:theShard.PianosaysthatthespireshapeoftheShardispartofagreatLondontradition.TheshaperemindshimofthespiresofthechurchesofLondonorthetallmasts(桅杆)oftheshipsthatwereonceontheriverThames.TheShardhas87floors.Atthetop,thereisanobservatory.Atthemomentthebuildingisempty,buteventuallytherewillbeafive­starhotel.Therewillalsobetopqualityrestaurants,apartmentsandoffices.Beforebuildingworkbegan,alotofpeopledidn'twanttheShardthoughtheplanswereapproved.NowtheyarestillunhappyabouttheShard.SomecriticssaythatsuchatallskyscrapermightbegoodinacitylikeNewYork,butnotinLondon.TheysaythatthebestthingabouttheShardisitsspireshape.Butthatistheonlything.Thereisnodecoration,onlyflatsurfaces.TheEgyptiansdidthat4，500yearsago.TheyalsothinktheShardistoobigforLondon.Itdestroysthebeautyofthecity.Othercriticsdon'tlikewhattheShardseemstorepresent.TheysaythattheShardshowshowLondonisbeingmoreunequal.Onlyveryrichpeoplecanaffordtobuytheexpensiveprivateapartmentsandstayinthehotel.ButthepeoplewholiveneartheShardareamongthepoorestinLondon.SotheShardseemsasymbolofthedivisioninsocietybetweentheveryrichandthepoor.TheShardnowdominatestheLondonskyline.Itisnotcertain,however,thatordinaryLondoncitizenswilleveracceptitasavaluableadditiontothecity.5.London'snewestskyscraperiscalledtheShardbecauseof________．A.itscostB.itssizeC.itsshapeD.itsheight6.WhenhedesignedtheShard,Pianowanteditto________．A.changeLondon'sskylineB.inheritLondon'straditionC.imitatetheEgyptianstyleD.attractpotentialvisitors7.ThecriticswhorefertosocialdivisionthinktheShard________.A.isonlypreferredbytherichB.isintendedforwealthypeopleC.isfarawayfromthepoorareaD.ispopularonlywithLondoners8.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheShard:cheersandclapsB.TheShard:workofagreatarchitectC.TheShard:newsymboloflondon?D.TheShard:achangeforthebetter?COurwarmingplanetisexpectedtofaceseriouswatercrises(危机)intheingdecades—whichmeanseachnation'snaturalresourceswillbemoreimportantthanever.Percentoftotallandareacoveredbyforests(2011)WORLDAVERAGE30.88TOP5AVERAGEFreshwaterresources,cubickilometresperyear(2011)WORLDAVERAGE241TOP5AVERAGE3，642Freshwaterresources,cubicmetresperperson(2011)WORLDAVERAGE6，122TOP5AVERAGE244,9731.SURINAMERESTOFTOP52.Micronesia123.CHINA1.BRAZIL5，418RESTOFTOP52.RussianFederation4，3133.Canada2，8504.UnitedStates2，8185.CHINA2，8131.ICELAND532，891RESTOFTOP52.Guyana304，7233.Suriname166，1124.PapuaNewGuinea114，2165.Bhutan106，923102.CHINA2，0929.Accordingtothestatistics,whatistheworldaverageoffreshwaterresourcesperperson?A.244，973cubicmetres.B.241cubickilometres.C.3，642cubickilometres.D.6，122cubicmetres.10.Whichcountryorregionhasthemostfreshwaterresourcesperyear?A.Guyana.B.Brazil.C.Iceland.D.China.11.WhichcountryorregionappearstwiceonThetop5lists?A.Bhutan.B.Seychelles.C.Canada.D.Suriname.DAschoolgirlsavedherfather'slifebykickinghiminthechestafterhesufferedaseriousallergic(过敏的)reactionwhichstoppedhisheart.Izzy,nine,restartedfatherColm'sheartbystamping(踩)onhischestafterhefelldownathomeandstoppedbreathing.Izzy'smother,Debbie,immediatelycalled999butIzzyknewdoctorswouldneverarriveintimetosaveherfather,sodecidedtouseCPR.However,shequicklydiscoveredherarmsweren'tstrongenough,soshestampedonherfather'schestinstead.Debbiethentookoverwithsomemoreconventionalchestpressions(按压)untiltheambulancearrived.Izzy,whohasbeengivenabraveryawardbyherschool,said,“Ijustkickedhimreallyhard.MymumtaughtmeCPRbutIknewIwasn'tstrongenoughtousehands.Iwasquitescared.ThedoctorsaidImightaswellbeadoctororanurse.MymumsaidthatDadwasgoingtohospitalwithabigfootprintonhischest.”“She'salittlestar，”saidDebbie.“IwasreallyupsetbutIzzyjusttookover.Ijustcan'tbelievewhatshedid.Ireallythinkallchildrenshouldbetaughtfirstaid.IzzydidCPRthenthedoctorturnedup.Colmhadtohavemoretreatmentonthewaytothehospitalandwe'vegottoseeanexpert.”TruckdriverColm,35,sufferedamysteryallergicreactiononSaturdayandwastakentohospital,butwassenthomeonlyforittohappenagainthenextday.Thesecondattackwassoseriousthathisairwayswelled,preventinghimfrombreathing,hisbloodpressuredroppedsuddenly,andhisheartstoppedforamoment.Hehasnowmadeafullrecoveryfromhissuffering.12.Izzykickedherfatherinthechest________．A.toexpressherhelplessnessB.topractiseCPRonhimC.tokeephimawakeD.torestarthisheart13.What'stherightorderoftheevents?①IzzykickedColm.②Debbiecalled999.③IzzylearnedCPR.④Colm'sheartstopped.A．③①②④B．④②③①C．③④②①D．④③①②14.WhatdoesParagraph8mainlytalkabout?A.WhatColmsuffered.B.Colm'spresentcondition.C.WhatcausedColm'sallergy.D.SymptomsofColm'sallergicreaction.15.Whydoestheauthorwritethenews?A.Todescribeaseriousaccident.B.ToprovetheimportanceofCPR.C.Toreporta9­year­oldgirl'sbraveact.D.Tocallpeople'sattentiontoallergicreaction.二．七选五：根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项中有两项为多余选项。Businessisorganizedapproachtoprovidingcustomerswiththegoodsandservicestheywant.Thewordbusinessalsoreferstoanorganizationthatprovidesthesegoodsandservices.Mostbusinessesseektomakeaprofit(利润)—thatis,theyaimtoachieveinethatismorethanthecostsofoperatingthebusiness.__16__monlycallednonprofits,theseorganizationsareprimarilynongovernmentalserviceproviders.__17__Businessmanagementisatermusedtodescribethetechniquesofplanning,18__Oneistheestablishment(制定)ofbroadbasicpolicieswithrespecttoproduction;sales;thepurchaseofequipment,materialsandsupplies;andaccounting__19__Thethirdrelatestothe20__A.Controlincludestheuseofrecordsandreportstopareactualworkwiththesetstandardsforwork.B.Inthisconnectionthereisthedifferencebetweentopmanagementandoperativemanagement.C.Examplesofnonprofitbusinessincludesuchorganizationsassocialserviceagenciesandmanyhospitals.D.However,somebusinessesonlyseektoearnenoughtocovertheiroperatingcosts.E.Thesecondaspectrelatestotheapplicationofthesepoliciesbydepartments.F.Inthetheoryofbusinessmanagement,organizationhastwomainaspects.G.Planninginbusinessmanagementhasthreemainaspects.三．完形填空：Thefitting­inofSuzyKhanThefirsttimeIsawSuzyKhan,IknewIhadtohelpher.Shewasreallysmallforherageof12.Theboysinmyclassoften__21__aboutherandlaughedtheirheadsoff.Shewouldopenabook,pretendingtoread,withtearsdroppingontheopenpage.AllIknewwasthatshewasanorphan(孤儿)fromAfrica.Shehadjustbeenadoptedbyafamilyintownwho__22__thatthebestwayforhertolearnAmericanwaysoflifewastobewithAmericankids.Ilookeddownatthis__23__girlandpromisedmyselfthatsomehowIwouldhelpher.ButhowcouldIhelpher__24__inwithus?Therehadtobea__25__．Oneday，whenIwentintotheclassroom，IsawthatSuzyhad__26__hergeographybooktoapictureofatrain，andinhernotebook,shehadmadea(n)__27__copy.Iwassurprisedandthoughtthatshecoulddosomethingintheing__28__show.So,Itookhertoseetheartteacher,MissParker，andshowedherwhatSuzyhad__29___.“Why,it'swonderful，”saidMissParker,whothenshowedusapostershehadpainted__30__thetalentshow.“Ineedmoreofthese,butIjustdon'thaveenough__31__．Couldyouhelpme,Suzy？”Onthedayofthetalentshow,Suzy's__32__wereeverywhere—alloverthehallandallovertheschool,eachonedifferent.“Andfinally，”saidMrBrown，theschoolmaster，attheendoftheshow,“wehavea(n)__33__award.I'msureyou'veallnoticedthewonderfulposters.”Everyonenodded.“Oneofourownstudents__34__them.”Icouldheareveryonewhispering.“Whoinourschoolcoulddraw__35__well？”MrBrownwaitedawhilebeforesaying，“__36__thisstudentworkedsohardontheposters,shedeservesa__37__，too.Ourmystery(神秘)artistisournewstudent—SuzyKhan！”MrBrownthankedherforallthewonderfulpostersandgaveheraprofessionalartist'sset.“Thankyou，”shecried.I__38__，atthattimewhenIwaslookingatherexcitedface,she'dprobablynever__39__anythinginherwholelife.Everyonestartedto__40__theirhands.SuzyKhangavethemashysmileandtheapplausewasdeafening.IknewthenSuzywasgoingtobeallright.21．A.jokedB．CaredC．forgotD．worried22．A.reportedB．DecidedC．plainedD．questioned23．A.richB．ProudC．tinyD．popular24．AeB．FallC．fitD．tie25．A.mannerB．PatternC．choiceD．way26．A.readB．TakenC．openedD．put27．A.freeB．PerfectC．finalD．extra28．A.artB．TalkC．quizD．talent29．A.colouredB．WrittenC．carvedD．drawn30．A.atB．AfterC．forD．around31．A.roomB．TimeC．paperD．interest32．A.giftsB．BooksC．photosD．posters33．A.specialB．AcademicC．nationalD．royal34．A.paintedB．FoundC．printedD．collected35．A.veryB．ThatC．quiteD．too36．A.IfB．ThoughC．UnlessD．Since37．A.prizeB．RankC．restD．place38．A.repliedB．RealizedC．rememberedD．regretted39．A.offeredB．ValuedC．ownedD．controlled40．A.clapB．WaveC．raiseD．Shake四．语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinahasbeethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang’e4probe(探测器)thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess41(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPoleAitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis42(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiomunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot43itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular44(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山),moreso45thefamiliarnearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e446(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPoleAitkenbasin.＂Thisreallyexcitesscientists,＂CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,＂becauseit47(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon48(construct).＂Dataaboutthemoon’sposition,suchashow49iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether50(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.56级高二晚自习限时训练答案解析：【要点综述】本文为一篇科技报道。最新研究表明，蜂窝，无论是现实的还是录制的，都能够阻止大象破坏农民的庄稼。1.D细节理解题。根据第一段首句可知选D。2.B推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句可知选B。根据第三段第三句可知A项错误；根据最后一段最后一句可知C项错误；根据第二段最后一句以及最后一段内容可知D项错误。3.A推理判断题。根据第四段Lucy接下来使用这个录制的蜜蜂的愤怒声音去测试象群的反应，可知她用石头砸蜂窝是为了录下蜜蜂的声音。故选A。4.C细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知C正确。【要点概述】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了伦敦最新的摩天大楼theShard，介绍了它的形状和设计理念。同时，还讲述了人们对于这栋大楼的不同的看法：很多人都反对建这栋大楼，说它并没有向一个好的方向改变。5.C细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thesidesofthebuildingaren'tregular.Sothebuildinghasanunusualshape.Itlookslikeaverythin,sharppieceofbrokenglass.Andthatishowthebuildinggotthename:theShard.”可知，摩天大楼theShard的得名是因为它的形状。所以C项正确。6.B推理判断题。根据第二段的倒数第一、二句“PianosaysthatthespireshapeoftheShardispartofagreatLondontradition.TheshaperemindshimofthespiresofthechurchesofLondonorthetallmasts(桅杆)oftheshipsthatwereonceontheriverThames.”可知，他把这座摩天大楼设计成这个形状是为了让它成为伦敦的传统的一部分，也就是说让它继承伦敦的传统。所以B项正确。7.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“TheysaythattheShardshowshowLondonisbeingmoreunequal.Onlyveryrichpeoplecanaffordtobuytheexpensiveprivateapartmentsandstayinthehotel.ButthepeoplewholiveneartheShardareamongthepoorestinLondon.”可知，一些批评家认为这座大楼只是为那些富有的人而设计的，而居住在这栋大楼附近的人是伦敦人中最贫穷的那些人，这座大楼是社会不公平的代表。所以B项正确。8.D主旨大意题。本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了伦敦最新的摩天大楼theShard，介绍了它的形状和设计理念，同时还讲述了人们对于这栋大楼的不同的看法。根据第一段最后一句“However,noteveryonethinksthatitisachangeforthebetter.”可知，很多人都反对建这栋大楼，说它并没有向一个好的方向改变。所以D项正确。【要点综述】科学调查表明：在未来的几十年中，地球上各个国家和地区的水资源将濒临枯竭。9.D细节理解题。根据Freshwaterresources,cubicmetresperperson中的wateraverage可知世界人均淡水的拥有量是6122立方米，故选D。10.B细节理解题。根据Freshwaterresources,cubickilometresperyear中的TOP5AVERAGE中可知巴西每年淡水的拥有量最多，故选B。11.D细节理解题。根据图表的三个部分中的TOP5AVERAGE中有两处提到Suriname，由此可知答案为D项。【要点综述】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一个勇敢的女孩通过踩她父亲的胸部，将她的父亲从死神手中挽救回来的感人故事。12.D细节理解题。根据文章第一段及第二段中的“Izzy,nine,restartedfatherColm'sheartbystamping(踩)onhischestafterhefelldownathomeandstoppedbreathing.”可知，女孩的父亲因为严重的过敏反应导致心脏骤停，她踩父亲的胸部，目的是让父亲的心脏重新搏起。13.C细节理解题。根据文章的叙述可知，女孩以前就学会了CPR，在父亲的心脏停止跳动之后，她的母亲先拨打了999，女孩发现自己的手臂力气不够用，才采用脚踩父亲胸部的方式。故选C。14.A段落大意题。本段讲述了女孩的父亲Colm星期六因为不明原因的过敏反应被送往医院，回家的第二天便发生了心脏骤停的情况。因此本段是讲述了父亲这两天的遭遇，故选A。15.C推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了女孩在其父亲心脏骤停之后的勇敢之举——通过踩她父亲的胸部而挽救了她父亲，故选C。七选五：【解析】本文是一篇讨论商务和商务管理的说明文。虽然看似有很多专业术语，但是根据我们常说的“指路词”，以及对上下文的推理，其实要做出正确答案并不难，可谓是难度中等。文章第一段描述了business的两个含义：一是提供顾客所要商品和服务的方法；二是提供这些商品和服务的组织。16.【答案】D【解析】根据后文monlycallednonprofits,theseorganizationsareprimarilynongovernmentalserviceproviders可知，被普遍认为是非营利组织。所以，上文应该与其内容一致。D项：然而，一些公司只挣足够的钱来满足基本的经营费用。这说明它们不赚钱。这与后文内容相符。此处however也是关键词，其前讲的是盈利活动，其后是非盈利公司活动。17.【答案】C【解析】前文提到非盈利公司，下文举例说明哪些是非盈利组织。18.【答案】G【解析】第二段的第一句是概括句，接下来从三方面进行分别叙述thete