2024年广州市普通高中毕业班冲刺训练题（一）英语试题

英语试题（第页，共10页）★启用前注意保密试卷类型：A2024年广州市普通高中毕业班冲刺训练题（一）英语本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。并在答题卡相应位置上填涂考生号。因笔试不考听力，试卷从第二部分开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASomebeachesareperfectforrelaxing,whileothersofferactivitieslikehikingandwatersports.Visitthesebeautifulbeachesforanunforgettablevacation.CannonBeachIfyourperfectbeachvacationspotfeaturespostcard-worthysceneryandpeace,looknofurtherthanCannonBeach.InthisPacificNorthwesttown,youcanevenbuildafireonthebeachtorelaxbesidewhilewatchingthesunset.Whenyouneedabreakfromthebeach,grababikeandheaddowntowntoexploreitsartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.HorseshoeBayBeachForaone-of-a-kindbeachexperience,headtoHorseshoeBayBeachonBermuda’sSouthShore.Knownforitspinksand,thisbeachisapopulardestinationforfamilieslookingtoplayinthecalmblue-greenwatersandbuildblush-coloredsandcastles.Adventureseekerscanalsotakepartintheself-guidedislandbicycletourorengageinexcitingwatersports.MoheganBluffsThisbeachisfamousforitsnaturalbeauty.Uponarrival,pausetoadmireyoursurroundingsandlearnaboutitstiestothenativepeople,theirancienttraditions,andconnectiontotheland,addingdepthtoyourbeachexperience.Then,takethe141stepsdowntothesandtosunbathe.Afterthat,climbbackuptovisittheSoutheastLightforanup-closeviewofits18th-centurylighthouse.SouthBeachThistropicaldistrictonFlorida’sAtlanticCoastisworld-renownedforitspowderywhitesand.AlthoughtechnicallypartoftheMiamiBeacharea,SouthBeachstandsoutduetoitsArtDecoarchitectureseenineverythingfromthebeachfrontlifeguardtowerstothehigh-risebuildingsalongthefamedOceanDrive.21.WhatsimilaritydoCannonBeachandHorseshoeBayBeachshare?A.Thechancetocyclearound. B.Theirlivelyartisticscene. C.Theuniquewatersports. D.Theirdistinctivesandcolor.22.WhoismostlikelyattractedtoMoheganBluffs?A.Thoseseekingwatersports. B.Fansofmodernlighthouses.C.Thoseinterestedinlocalculture. D.Enthusiastsofmountainclimbing.23.WhatsetsSouthBeachapartfromtherestoftheMiamiBeacharea?A.Itsbeachsand. B.Itsarchitecturalstyle.C.Itsoceandrive. D.Itshigh-risebuildings.BYouarewhatyouthink.Whateveryouaredoingrightnowisdeterminedbyyourthinking.Allyouremotionsanddesiresareinfluencedbyyourthinking.Theproblemisthatwhenyouarenotawareofyourthinking,youhavenochanceofcorrectingitifitispoor.Whenthinkingissubconscious,youareinnopositiontoseeanyproblemsinit.And,ifyoudon’tseeanyproblemsinit,youwon’tbemotivatedtochangeit.What’sworse,fewpeoplerealizethepowerfulrolethatthinkingplaysintheirlives,sotheydon’tgainsignificantcommandofit.Asaresult,mostpeopleareinmanywaysvictimsoftheirthinking.Consideryoursuccessasastudent.Thesinglemostsignificantvariableindeterminingyoursuccessasastudentisthequalityofyourthinking.Yourinstructorswillplayaroleinyourlearning,buteventhebestteacherscannotgetintoyourheadandlearnforyou.Ifyoulacktheintellectualskillsnecessaryforthinkingwellthroughcoursecontent,youwillnotbesuccessfulinschool.Hereisthekeyquestionweareputtingtoyouinthisbook.Ifthequalityofaperson’sthinkingisthesinglemostsignificantdeterminantofbothhappinessandsuccess,whynottakethetimetolearnfromthebestthinkers?Thisbookwillinformyouofthetoolsthatthebestthinkersuseandwillillustratetheactivitiesandpracticeyoucanusetobegintoemulatethem,andtakecontrolofyourdestinyasathinker.Eachchapterfocusesonadifferentaspectofthesethinkingaids,helpingyoudiscoverthepowerofyourownmindandofyourpotentialtothinksystematicallyaboutyourthinking.Thisbook,asawhole,introducesyoutothetoolsofmindthatwillhelpyoureasonwellthroughvariouschallengesyouface.Ifyoutaketheseideasseriouslyandpracticeusingthem,youcanimprovethequalityofyourthinkingandultimately,thequalityofyourlife.24.Whydomanypeoplelackmotivationtochangetheirpoorthinking?A.Theyarevictimsofemotions. B.Theyareunawareoftheneed. C.Theythinkhighlyofthemselves. D.Theylacktheacademicguidance. 25.Whatplaysthemostcrucialroleinschoolsuccess?A.Thecoursecontent. B.Theschoolenvironment. C.Thecommitmentofteachers.D.Thequalityofanindividual’sthinking.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“emulate”meaninparagraph4?A.Makefriendswith. B.Winover. C.Followtheexampleof. D.Lookupto.27.Thebookisorganizedaccordingto________.A.typesoflifechallenges B.varietiesofthinkingtoolsC.determinantsoflifevalue D.ideasofdifferentthinkersCHumanhistoryisfullofhorsestorieslikeguidingcowboyshomeonfoggynightsandtakingwoundedsoldiersthroughbattlezones.SuchsensibleandhighlytrainedhorsesmadeElinaJatel,acomputerscientistandroboticist,thinkofrobots.“Ahorsethatcantakeariderhomeonitsownwouldbethehighestlevelofautonomy,”Jatelsays.“Youtrustthemwithyourlife.”Shewasdrawntolearninghowsuchrelationshipsformandifitcouldhelpimprovehuman-robotinteractions.Forayear,Jatelengagedherselfinthehorseworld.Shewatchedclassesinhorsetraining,andshealsotalkedwithstudents,instructors,trainersandhorseowners.Alongtheway,Jatelevenlearnedtoride.Horseslearnsignalsfromtheirtrainersonhowtocomfortablyinteractwithpeople.People,too,mustlearntheirpart.Ridersmustlearnwhatahorsewantsorfeelsbasedonitsbehavior,andwhatsignalstousetodirecthorsestoperformindesiredways.Jatelfoundsomesimilarities,here,toworkingwithrobots.Peoplemustlearnhowtodirectrobotstodospecifictasks.Theyalsomustlearnwhattodowhenrobotsdon’tperformasplanned.Thegoalistoprogramrobotsthatwillrespondpredictablytoinputsfrompeople.Butlikehorses,autonomousrobotsalsoshouldbeabletorespondontheirownasconditionschange.Forexample,aself-drivingcarmuststoptoavoidhittingsomething,evenifsomehumanmistakenlytellsittokeepgoing.Trainersandridersworkwithhorsestobuildrespect.Horsesshowthatrespectbymatchingtheirpacetoahumanorgivingsomeonewhoisleadingthemasafedegreeofpersonalspace.Trainersbegintheirworkwithahorsebygettingthemtoshowsignsofrespectinbasicinteractions,Jatelsays.Later,trainerswilldevelopmorecomplexinteractions.Gradually,ahorse’srespectcangrowintotrust.Butthattrustisnotgiven.Andtheremaybeasimilarlimitationwithrobots.Whatwoulditmeanforrobotsandpeopletorespectandtrusteachother?Fornow,sheadds,thisislargelyunchartedterritory.Butshe’slookingtobuildapath.28.WhatdrewElinaJatel’sattentiontohorses?A.Horses’amazingperformance. B.Longhistoryofhorsetraining.C.Horse-humaninterdependence. D.Herhorse-ridingexperience.29.Whataretherobotsofthehighestautonomydesignedtodo?A.Toactlikerealhorses. B.Toshowrespecttohumans.C.Tofollowinstructionsfromhumans. D.Tomakeindependentandsensibledecisions.30.WhatwillJatel’sfutureresearchmostprobablyfocuson?A.Thelimitationsofrobots. B.Trustbetweenrobotsandhumans. C.Pathtowardhigherrobotefficiency.D.Similaritiesbetweenhorsesandrobots.

31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HistoryofHuman-HorseRelationshipB.SecretsofHuman-AnimalInteractionsC.TheRoleofTrustinHuman-RobotPartnershipsD.HorsesastheInspirationforAutonomousRobotsDWhenwerecallamemory,webringbackspecificdetailsaboutit.Butweoftenalsoexperienceavividfeelingofrememberingtheevent.Memoryresearcherscalltheseprocessesobjectiveandsubjectivememory.Anewstudyshowstheycanfunctionindependentlyandinvolvedifferentpartsofthebrain.“Thestudydistinguishesbetweenhowwellwerememberandhowwellwethinkweremember,andshowsthatdecisionmakingdependsprimarilyonthesubjectiveevaluationofmemoryevidence,”sayspsychologistDenisGuetta.Theresearcherstestedobjectiveandsubjectivememory.Aftershowingvolunteersaseriesofimagesofcommonobjects,theresearchersshowedthempairsofimagesandaskedthemtodeterminewhichofthetwotheyhadseenbefore.Theywereaskedtoratethememoryas“recollected”(vividanddetailed),or“familiar”(lackingdetail).Sometestsshowedsimilarimagepairs,othersunrelatedpairs.Thissetupmeasuredobjectivememorybasedonrecognitionandsubjectivememorybasedonvividness.TheresearchersalsousedfMRI(功能性磁共振成像)tomeasurebrainactivityduringthistask.Theresultsshowedhigherlevelsofobjectivememorywithpairsofsimilarimages,butparticipantsclaimedvividmemoriesmorewithdissimilarpairs.Theyweremorelikelytobasetheirdecisionaboutwhethertokeeporclearanimageonmemoryfeelingratherthanaccuracy.Forexample,apersoncouldhaveavividmemoryofgoingtoaneventwithfriends.Someoftheactualdetailsofthatmemorymightbeabitoff,buttheymayfeelitisavividmemory,sotheymightdecidetogooutwiththesamepeopleagain.ThefMRIdatashowedthatobjectiveandsubjectivememoryengagedvariedregionsofthebrain.Theregionsinvolvedinsubjectiveexperienceswerealsoinvolvedindecisionmaking,supportingtheconnectionbetweenthetwoprocesses.“Byunderstandinghowourbrainsgiverisetovividsubjectivememoriesandmemorydecisions,wearemovingastepclosertounderstandinghowwelearntoevaluatememoryevidencetomakeeffectivedecisionsinthefuture,”saysresearcherAnalizWilliam.32.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Byanalyzingproblems. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byinterpretingfindings. D.Bydefiningconcepts.33.Whatwerethevolunteersaskedtododuringthestudy?A.Todrawtheimagestheyhadpreviouslyseen.B.Tocomparedetailsofobjectstheyhadbeenshown.C.Tocategorizetheirmemoryasrecollectedorfamiliar.D.Torecallspecificemotionsrelatedtotheimagesshown.34.Whatdoestheresearchfindoutaboutdecisionmaking?A.Bothtypesofmemoryhavegreatinfluenceonit.B.Ourvividmemoryhelpsusmakewisedecisions.C.Itmainlyreliesonsubjectivememoryevaluation.D.It’sdecidedbytheaccuracyofobjectivememory.35.WhatisAnalizWilliam’sattitudetowardsthestudy?A.Optimistic.B.Tolerant. C.Doubtful.D.Dismissive.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Formostofhistory,peoplelivedinsmallgroupsofupto150people.Thenvillagesandsmalltownsdeveloped,offeringsafetyandsupportthroughthesharingofresources.Astimepassed,urbanlivingbroughtadditionaladvantagessuchasbetterjobs,schoolsandhealthcare.Largertownsalsogavepeoplemorechancestomeetandinteract.Thisisimportant.36Today,overhalfoftheworld’spopulationcurrentlylivesintownsandcities.Butthishasresultedinastrangeparadox(悖论).Althoughsocialopportunitiesareonereasonpeoplechoosetoliveinlargecities,researchsuggeststhatcitylifecanbelonely.37Peoplefromallovertheworldcanjoinonlinecommunitiesandmakevirtualfriendswithoutleavingtheirhome.Thedevelopmentofvirtualcommunitiescanbetracedbacktothe1860s.Backthen,telegraphoperatorsexchangedmessagesandgraduallyformedfriendshipsoverlongdistances.38Later,inthe1960s,radiosstartedtoprovideameansofshort-distancecommunicationanddevelopedcommunitieswiththeirownuniquelanguageandusernames.39Computerswerenotverypowerfulyet,sopeoplecouldpostmessagesandsharenewsandstoriesbutnotmusicorphotos.Still,peoplelovedbeingabletomakefriendsonlineandthenhangoutwiththem.Astechnologybecamemorepowerful,onlinecommunitiesforfun,educationandbusinessemerged,wherepeoplecouldexploreavirtual3Dworld,haveonlinelessons,andevenbuythingswithvirtualmoney.Thesedays,therearethousandsofvirtualcommunitiesandthatnumberkeepsgrowing.Manypeoplebelievetheywillbecomemoreimportant.40Particularly,they’reconcernedthatpostingpersonalinformationonlinemightleadtoalossofprivacy.Soperhapsthefuturewillbemorelikethepast.Peoplewillspendmostoftheirtimeinrealcommunities.A.Thistrend,however,isnotlikelytocontinue.B.AsAristotlesaid,thenatureofhumansistobesocial.C.Thatmayexplainwhyvirtualcommunitiesaresopopular.D.Thefirstpopularonlinecommunitiesdevelopedinthe1980s.E.Beforecellphonesexisted,radiowasaneasywaytocommunicate.F.Nevertheless,othersworryaboutproblemswiththesecommunities.G.Thisisamongtheearliestexamplesofvirtualcommunityinteractions.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）IvividlyrememberthedaywhenmyhusbandandIsetoffonanewjourneytoTanzania.Hehadbeen41apositionthereasaCivilEngineer.Accompanyinghim,myaimwastofindajobshortlyafter.Asyoucanimagine,Iwasveryexcited,evenrather42,asI’dneverbeenabroadbefore.So,myfirst43wastogetsettledinthissmalltowncalledDodomainthemiddleofTanzania.Aswegotoffthetrain,however,atsixinthemorning,aladycamerushingalongthe44towardsus.Completelyoutofbreath,shesaid,“We’veheardyou’refromEnglandandourschool45needsanEnglishteacher—pleasesayyou’llhelpus.”Ifelttiredand46ashowerafterthejourney.Thoughshockedbyher47,forsomereasonorother,Iagreedto48it!Iwashed,changed,hadaquickbitetoeatandwas49tothetwolocalteachersandmy50at8o’clock.Itfeltlikebeingthrownintothedeepend,asmyteachingtimetablebegan51at8:30!AlthoughI’dhardlyhadtimetogetmybreath,Inever52mysuddendecision.Thoughmyentryintothis53wasunexpected,Ifoundjoyinteachingthoseyoungstersandgraduallybecamepartofthelocalcommunityinthefollowingyears.I’vebeenfortunateto54lifelongfriendships,whichhasleftalasting55onbothmystudentsandmyself.41. A.awarded B.offered C.allowed D.presented42. A.disappointed B.dissatisfied C.unconcerned D.uneasy43. A.priority B.worry C.action D.response44. A.river B.platform C.sidewalk D.channel45. A.probably B.suddenly C.desperately D.occasionally46. A.longedfor B.waitedfor C.heardabout D.worriedabout47. A.remark B.interruption C.suggestion D.request48. A.keep B.take C.forget D.quit49. A.introduced B.recommended C.assigned D.compared50. A.colleagues B.assistants C.students D.interviewers51. A.exactly B.finally C.immediately D.smoothly52. A.expected B.regretted C.delayed D.dropped53. A.career B.country C.agreement D.relationship54. A.value B.strengthen C.renew D.harvest55. A.comment B.record C.impact D.impression第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Moreyoungpeoplearetryingtheirhandatfarmingthesoil.GuoLan,29,worksinavegetablegreenhouseonhisorganicfarm56(locate)inthesuburbandistrictofHefei,EastChina’sAnhuiprovince.ItistheeighthtimethissummerthatGuohasfailedtogrowvegetables57usingchemicals.Despitetryingvarioushomemadepestsolutions,suchasplantashandmixturesofpepperandalcohol,thevegetable58(leaf)werestillbeingeatenbyinsects.“Iwillnotgiveup59(try),”the29-year-oldaccountant-turned-farmersays.Heisdeterminedtoturnhisfarminto60organicone,cultivatingfruitsandvegetableswiththesameflavorsasthosefromhischildhoodmemories.“Growingtastyandhealthyfood61(be)mydreamsinceIwasateenager.Iknow62challengingitcanbe,butifyoutakethesoil63(serious),Ibelieveitwillpayoff,”Guosays.Headdsthatfarmingisnotabusinessthatcanmakequickmoney,butforhim,ithasbecomeanupliftingactivitythatbringsbackmemoriesofspendingtimeonthefarmwith64(he)parentsasachild.Guo’spassionfororganicfarmingandcommitmenttoproducinghealthyfoodwillsurelyinspiremoreyoungpeopletoexplore65(sustain)agriculture.

第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）英国一所友好学校的师生将到你校访问。你将作为学生代表在欢迎晚会上致辞，并赠送学生们自制的文创礼物。请你用英语写一篇欢迎辞，包括以下内容：1．表示欢迎；2．介绍礼物。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位