新高三上学期开学第一测英语试卷02（考试版）

2022届新高三上学期开学第一测英语试卷（全国版）02（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.本试卷共12页，全卷满分150分，回答时间为120分钟；2.答卷前，务必将答题卡上密封线内的各项目填写清楚；3.本试卷由选择题和非选择题两大部分组成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写，涂写要工整、清晰；4.考试结束，监考员将试题卷、答题卡一并收回。第I卷（选择题共100分）第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatarethechildrenprobablydoing?Makingorangejuice.B.Listeningtoloudmusic.C.Cookingameal.2.WhomightAlliebe?A.Thespeakers’pet.B.Theneighbor’sturkey.C.Thespeakers’child.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Tripplans. B.Ticketprices. C.Holidaycelebrations.4.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Spring. B.Summer. C.Winter.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atafastfoodrestaurant.B.Atabutchershop.C.Atacafé.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howoldwasthewomanwhenshewasallowedtodrivebyherparents?A.18. B.. C.23.7.Whatmonthwasthemanbornin?A.December. B.November. C.September.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthecampingarea?A.It’stotallyfree. B.It’salittlecold. C.It’sverycrowded.9.Howlongwasthemangonefor?A.Onenight. B.Twonights. C.Threenights.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatproblemdoesRogerhavewithexams?A.Heisn’tclever. B.Heisn’tconfident. C.Hedoesn’tworkhard.11.HowdoesthemandecidetohelpRoger?A.Byhelpinghimtostaycalm.B.Byfindinganexpertforhim.C.Bygivinghimsomeadviceabouthisfuture.12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheiseasytobetired.B.Sheoftenfeelsnervous.C.Shefindsexerciseisagoodwaytorelax.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutherjobhunt?A.Veryexcited. B.Alittleunsatisfied. C.Quiteangry.14.WhatdoweknowaboutTheCreator?A.Itgiveslessholidaytimethanotherpanies.B.Itgetsalotofgreatreviewsfromthecustomers.C.Itprovidesmedicalinsurance.15.Whatwastheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Classmates. C.Parentandchild.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Searchonlineforhersalary.B.Negotiatehersalaryoffer.C.Askaboutherbenefitspackage.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Givingaspeech. B.Doingaresearch. C.Havinganinterview.18.Whatwasthedestinationofthespeaker’smostrecenttrip?A.Indonesia. B.Italy. C.TheU.S.19.Whatwasthebestknowneruptionaccordingtothespeaker?A.Krakatoa. B.Santorini. C.Vesuvius.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Thehistoryofatown. B.Travelexperiences. C.Hiswork.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ATeachingPositionsinInstituteforArtificialIntelligenceatBakingUniversityAnnouncedandsetupin2019,theInstituteforArtificialIntelligenceatPekingUniversity(abbreviatedasPKUIAI)servesasabackbonetoconnectallAIrelatedresearchandapplyingactivitiesinPekingUniversity.ThePKUIAIaimstomakebothabigleapintothefuture,andanaturalnextstepforaninstitutionthathasbeenattheforefrontofartificialintelligencefromthestart.ThePKUIAIalsoaimstoenableThePKUIAIisnowprovidingopenteachingpositions,includingthefieldsofthefollowing:·NaturalLanguageProcessing·MachineLearning·Robotics·IntelligentSoftwareSystems·IntelligentHealthcare·putationalSocialScienceRequirements1.Theapplicantsshouldhaveasolidbackgroundandproducedinfluentialresearchresultsordevelopmentexperiencesinthementionedfieldsofartificialintelligence.2.Theapplicantsareexpectedtobeundertheageof40,andobtainaPh.D．fromwellknownuniversitieswithinrecent5yearsandhaveoutstandingresearchanddevelopmentrecords.SalaryandWorkingConditionsTheuniversityandtheresearchgroupprovidepetitivesalaryandworkingconditionsforsuccessfulapplicants.ApplicationProcedures1.TheapplicantsshouldsendadetailedCV,researchstatement,teachingstatement,afutureplanofthenext35yearstoaipku@.Thetitleoftheemailshouldbeintheformof“TeachingApplicationtoPKUIAI”.2.ThefirstroundofinterviewwilltakeplaceatthesametimewiththeonlineYoungScientistsForum.Thisforumwillalsoserveasanexcitingchancefortheyoungresearcherstoexchangeacademicideasandlatestinformation.ImportantDates·ApplicationSubmissionDeadline:May2nd,20·ForumAcceptanceNotification:May14th,20·YoungScientistForumMay22nd，20·Nextroundofinterview:May30nd,20．Thepositionforthefieldof______isnotprovided.A．MachineLearning B．NaturalLanguageProcessingC．BrainInspiredandAlChips D．IntelligentHealthcare22．Whichofthefollowingrequirementsfortheapplicantsistrue?A．Thetitleoftheapplicationemailsshouldgoasrequested.B．Theapplicantsgraduatingfromanyuniversityareweled.C．Therequirementforthesalarymustbeincludedintheemail.D．Theapplicantsaresupposedtobeundertheageofthirtyfive.23．WhenwilltheapplicantsgofortheFirstroundofinterview?A．May14th,20 B．May2nd,20 C．May30st,20 D．May22nd,20BEveryyear,countlessindividualsareimpactedbycancer.Ourgoalistowalkawayfromcanceraswegivestrengthtothosefightingthislifethreateningdisease.WalkCancerAwayinviteseveryonetoparticipateinourannualfamilyfriendlywalkeventandjointogethertosharethestrongwillpowerfoundinsideeachofuswiththosearoundus.Witheachstepwetake,witheachstoryshared,andwitheachdonationmadeweareonestepclosertofindingacure.Todate,wehaveraisedover$700,000forDr.NancyKemeny'sColorectalResearchFundatMemorialSloanKetteringCancerCenter（MSKCC）,togetherwiththousandsofpeoplesupportingthiscauseoverthelast12yearswearemittedto.WalkCancerAwaybeganasawalkinhonorofJamesN.Rentas.Deeplyinfluencedbyhislossduetocolorectalcancer,theRentasfamilycametogether12yearsagotohelpotherswhoaresufferingthedisease.Dr.NancyKemenyatMemorialTogethertheyhavemadegreatadvancementsovertheyearsandhaveprovidedyearsoflifeforthosefacingadversity.Inmanycases,theircontinuedeffortshaveledtofullreliefofthecancerinpatients.Withthedeepestgratitudewearethankfultoallthosewhosupportandparticipateintheeventeachyear,becausewithoutyouthiswouldnotbepossible.AlthoughWalkCancerAwaystartedjust12yearsago,weareforeverhonoredtobeabletojoininthiseventthatsomanyofusfindsoclosetoourhearts.Weaskyou,yourfamily,andyourfriendstojoininthisyear'sWalkCancerAwayEvent.24．WhatdoesWalkCancerAwayintendtodo?A．Tocontactthosesufferingfromcancer. B．Tofindawaytodefeatcanceratlength.C．Togivestrengthtocancerpatients'family. D．Toshareexperiencesfromcancervictims.25．Accordingtoparagraph2,whatcanwelearnaboutJamesN.Rentas?A．Helosthisfamily. B．Hediedofcancer.C．Hedidresearchoncancer. D．HefoundedWalkCancerAway.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"adversity"refertoinparagraph3?A．Anunpleasanttreatment. B．Alossofafamilymember.C．Aseriousdiseasehardtocure. D．Anunfavorablesituationfromnature.27．Whydoestheauthormakethisspeech?A．Toraisemoneyforcancerresearch. B．Tointroducethehistoryofanevent.C．Tocallonpeopletojoinintheactivity. D．Toexpressthankstoalltheparticipants.CDisney’sliveactionremakeofMulantellsthestoryofayoungChinesewoman,HuaMulan(YifeiLiu),whodisguisesherselfasamanandtakesherfather’splaceinthearmy.Thenewmovieisamorerealistictakethantheprevious1998animatedfilmcausingittoreceivethefirstPG13ratinggiventoaDisneyliveactionreboot.Themoviewon’tbereleasedintheatersuntilMarch27,butcriticsgotafirstlookatthefilmMondaynightattheHollywoodpremiereandtooktosocialmediatoposttheirinitialreactions.Theresponsesfromjournalistsarerelativelypositivesofar.SlashFilm’sPeterScrettatweetedonMonday,“It’ssomajestic,theactionisthrilling,itaimsforalevelofsophistication(复杂)andbeautyyoudon’texpect.”“Mulanisexciting,vibrant,emotional,anddifferentfromtheanimatedversion,”Fandango’sErkDavistweeted.“It’sdefinitelyitsownthing,whichIdugamorematureDisneyfilm,featuringstunningproductiondesignandfightchoreography(战斗编排).DirectorNikiCaroandstarLiuYifeiarethebigstandouts.”Mashable’sAlisonForemanwrote,“Disney’sMulanremakeleavesalotbehind,butoffersmuchmoreinitsabsence.Plentyof1998throwbackspepperastoryfullofincredibleaction,humor,andheart.”Notallthereviewswerepositive.ScreenRant’sMansoorMithaiwalatweeted,“There’sagreatfilmyearningtobreakoutinMulan,butit’ssurprisinglystuckbyadaptingtheanimation.Ithasitsmoments,butthepoorvillainsandinconsistentactionqualityresultsinanordinarymovie.”28．WhatcanweknowaboutthenewmovieMulanaccordingtothetext?A．Ittellsthestoryofawomansoldierwhofoughtheroicallyinthewar.B．ItwillbeonshowintheatersbeforeMarch.C．ItisthesecondtimethatHuaMulan’sstoryhavebeenmadeintoamovie.D．Thementsonthemoviearedefinitelypositive.29．Whoseviewsaredifferentfromtheotherstowardsthenewfilm?A．PeterSciretta B．MansoorMithaiwalaC．ErkDavis D．AlisonForeman30．Whatmightbetheauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewmovie?A．Critical. B．Negative.C．Indifferent. D．Positive.31．What’stheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A．TocriticizethenewmovieMulan.B．ToshowsomereviewsaboutthenewmovieMulan.C．Toattractmorepeopletowatchthemovie.D．TodefendforthenewmovieMulan.DSheepfarmerscanprofitbyplantingtreesandsellingcarboncredits,accordingtoanewstudy.ThereportbytheUniversityofSheffield,publishedinthejournalEnvironmentalResearch,suggeststhatfarmerswithmorethan60acresoflandcouldturnaprofitiftheirlandwerereturnedtoforestandtheyreceived£3pertonofCOThestudywasreleasedastheUKfarmingsectorpreparestomoveawayfromtheBasicPaymentSystemtothenewEnvironmentalLandManagementScheme(ELMS),whichfocusesonproducing‘publicgoods’,suchasrecoveringecosystems,flooddefensesandcarbonstorage.Carboncreditsarecurrentlybeingsoldfor£15perton,apricethatcouldmakeanyforestsizeprofitable,accordingtothestudy.TheresearchalsosuggeststhatiftheUKincreaseditstreecoverfrom8%to12%,theamountofcarbonemissionscapturedbyforestswouldincreaseby10%.“SheepfarmingintheUKisnotprofitablewithoutsubsidies(补贴),butforestsdullsellcarboncreditscanbeeconomicallyworkable—soitmakessensefortheGovernmenttohelpfarmerstransition(过渡),”believesColinOsborne,theleadauthorofthestudy,“Intheend,theseedowntopoliticalquestionsofhowwewantourcountrysidetobeused,howwevaluelivestockproductionovertheglobalcostsofclimatebreakdownandhowtheGovernmentsupportsfarmersandruralmunities.”However,criticssaythatthestudyisfartoosimplistic,withtheNationalSheepAssociation(NSA)sayinglandmanagementshouldn’tonlyfocusoncarbonemissions,buthastobemultifunctional.SpeakingtoFarmersGuardian,NSACEOPhilStockersaysit’s“reallyeasyforscientiststojustifytheplantingofforeststhroughacarboncalculation(计算),becauseitiseasytomeasurehowmuchcarbonisinatreeandthenapplyanoffsetvalue”.Mr.Stockernotesthatgrasslandcaneffectivelycapturecarbonandadds,“Iappreciatetreesasmuchasanyone,buttointroducepoliciestodestroygrasslandsbycreatingforestsisshortsightedatbest.”32．Whatisthenewstudyabout?A．Forestsgivingwaytosheepfarming.B．UKsheepfarmerspreferringtoplanttrees.C．Sheepfarmerscontributinggreatlytoenvironmentalprotection.D．UKsheepfarmersgettingpaidforreplacingtheirgrasslandwithforest.33．WhatistheaimofthenewELMS?A．Tohelpsheepfarmersgetricherandricher.B．Tosupportthosesufferingfromnaturaldisasters.C．Tousethelandinanenvironmentallyfriendlyway.D．Toencouragepeopletoplantmoretreesontheirland.34．WhatdoColinOsborne’swordsfocuson?A．TheroleoftheGovernment. B．Thefutureofsheepfarming.C．Thecostsofclimatebreakdown. D．Theproblemsofruralmunities.35．WhichofthefollowingwouldPhilStockeragreewith?A．Itismeaningfultomeasurecarbonemissions.B．Itisunwisetoreplacegrasslandwithwoodland.C．Subsidizingfarmershelpsimprovesoilquality.D．Grasslandplaysamorevitalrolethanwoodland.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatyoudoeachmorningaffectsyourentireday.Thechoicesthatwerepeatedlymakedeterminethelifewelive.36．Manageyourenergy,notyourtime.Ifyouthinkaboutit,you’llprobablyrealizethatyouarebetteratdoingcertaintasksatcertaintimes.Forexample,mycreativeenergyisthehighestinthemorning,sothat'swhenIdomywritingeachday.However,Ispendmyafternoonsonphonecallsandemails,whichdon'tneedmycreativeenergytobehigh.37．Whattaskisthatenergybestsuitedfor?Preparethenightbefore.Itisreallynecessarytospendafewminuteseachnightorganizingyourtodolistfortomorrow.WhenIdoit,I'lloutlinethearticleI'mgoingtowritenextdayanddevelopashortlistofthemostimportantitemsformetodo.38．39．Soundssimple,yetnobodydoesit.Ittookmeawhiletogetovertheurgetoopenmyinbox,butfinallyIrealizedthateverythingcanwaitafewhours.Nobodyisgoingtoemailyouaboutatrueemergency(adeathinthefamily,etc.),soleaveyouremailaloneforthefirstfewhoursofeachday.Turnyourphoneoff.Thisreducestheurgetochecktextmessages.Thissimplemethodreducesthepossibilitythatyouwastetimeonmeaninglesstasks.You’vegot25,000mornings.40．A．Don’topenemailuntilnoon.B．Whatwillyoudowitheachone?C．Leaveyourphoneinanotherroom.D．Whattypeofenergydoyouhaveinthemorning?E.Tryyourbesttofinishyourworkinthemorning.F.Ittakes10minutesatnightandsaves3hoursnextday.G.HerearethemethodsthatI'vefoundtogetthemostoutofmymorning.第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。OnceIwasjustwalkinginthemarketplacewithmyfamily.Wesawabeggar(乞丐)familywith3littlekidsandtheir41onthepavement(人行道).JustbylookingatthemI42agoodmealwasexpensiveforthem.Theywereinwornclothesandtheir43showedsignsofallhopegone.Itwasreallya44sight.Itwasaboutthenthata45wasbuyingsomeitemsataroadsidestall.Shewas46forsomechangeinherpurse,andintheprocessshe47afewcoinsonthepavement.Thesecoinswent48everywhereandthebeggarkids49themupquickly.Theladydidnotmindandhadalreadystartedonherway.Thekidsmeanwhile50thetreasuretotheirmother.Themothergavealittleslap(耳光)tooneofthekidsandsaidsomethinginalowvoicetohimthatwecouldn’t51.Thekidsseemeddiscouraged.Theytook52ofthecoins,ranaftertheladyand53themtoher.Thentheycamebacktotheir54motherandoneofthemstartedcryinginherlap.Theladywiththepursewas55unabletobelievewhathadreallyhappened.56,shekeptthecoinsbackinher57andwentonherway.Iwasprettymuch58bythewholeincidentbythen.Itwashalfanhourlater59IwasreturningonthesamepaththatIsawtheverysamebeggarfamilyhappilyfeastingonahot60.Theladywiththepursehaddoneherpart.41．A．father B．mother C．brother D．friend42．A．realized B．explained C．wondered D．involved43．A．hands B．faces C．feet D．ears44．A．thankful B．hopeful C．pitiful D．careful45．A．gentleman B．clerk C．saleswoman D．lady46．A．paying B．applying C．searching D．asking47．A．dropped B．took C．put D．saw48．A．rising B．rolling C．shopping D．swimming49．A．cleaned B．raised C．sent D．picked50．A．broughtback B．madeup C．ledto D．setup51．A．notice B．hear C．tease D．focus52．A．some B．all C．both D．none53．A．returned B．threw C．offered D．declared54．A．lucky B．cruel C．thankful D．good55．A．still B．already C．possibly D．doubtfully56．A．Besides B．Additionally C．However D．Firstly57．A．purse B．pocket C．car D．arm58．A．interested B．excited C．shocked D．disappointed59．A．that B．where C．why D．when60．A．dog B．meal C．pig D．egg第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThistraditionalChinesefooddatesbackalmost2000years.DuringtheLunarNewYear,dumplingsare61．essentialdishtoenjoyduringthecelebrations.TheclassicfoldofChinesedumplings62．（shape）likeasilveringot（锭，铸块）acurrencyinancientChina.Thebeliefisthatthe63．（many）dumplingsyoumakeandeat,themoremoneyandwealthyouwillmakefortheNewYear.Dumplingsrepresentthechangingorexchangeofnewtime.By64．（consume）thedumplings,youarewelingthenewyearandnewfortunes.65．（typical）,familieswillgather66．LunarNewYear'sEvetomakedumplingstogether.Wheatflourwrapsarefilledwithregionalingredientssuchaspork,shrimp,chicken,or67．（vegetable）.Sometimesdumplingsarefolded68．（look）likesmallpurse,69．i