浙江省金兰教育合作组织2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省金兰教育合作组织2023-2024学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题第一部分：听力(略)第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASPECIALENGLISHTheEnglishlanguageprogramsoftheVoiceofAmerica(VOA)canbedividedintotwotypesaccordingtothespeedofbroadcasting:StandardEnglishandSpecialEnglish.SpecialEnglishisasimpleandstandardizedEnglishradioprogramarrangedbyVOAforlistenerswhoarebeginningtolearnEnglishinnon-Englishspeakingcountriesaroundtheworld.ItofficiallybeganbroadcastinginOctober1959.ThefamousAmericanlexicologistS.B.FlexmeridentifiedthreecriteriaforSpecialEnglish,thatis,whatmakesit“special”:●Itwritesandbroadcastsinshortandclearsentences;●Itbroadcastsatarateof90wordsperminute,or2/3ofStandardEnglish;●ItisaformofAmericanEnglishcomposedmainlyofthe1500basicwords.SpecialEnglishprogramscanbedividedintotwocategories:newsprogramsandfeatureprograms.NewsprogramVOASpecialEnglishnewsbroadcastsprovidelistenerswithworldwideinformationonpolitics,economics,militaryaffairs,diplomacy,internationalrelations,religion,weather,andallkindsofimportanteventsandwonders.TheyarebroadcasttoSoutheastAsiafivetimesaday,twiceinthemorningandthreetimesintheevening.FeatureProgramFromtheperspectiveoftime,SpecialEnglishfeatureprogramscanbedividedintotwocategories:oneiseveryfiveminutes,andtheotheriseveryfifteenminutes.Thelatterconsistsofsevendifferentsub-features,whicharerepeatedfourtimesadayonaweeklycycle,butthetwofeaturesonSundayandSaturdayarebroadcastonlythreetimesanight,eachlastingabout10minutes,followedbyeachfive-minutefeature.1.WhichisoneofthecriteriaforSpecialEnglish?A.It’sabasicEnglishradioprogram. B.Itreliesonamere1500basicwords.C.Itplaysataspeedof90wordsperminute. D.It’saimedatthosestartingtolearnEnglish.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthetwoprograms?A.Bothofthemarebroadcastrepeatedly.B.Theyarebroadcastalmostatthesametime.C.Listenerscanlistentonewsprogramintheafternoon.D.Eachfive-minuteprogramconsistsofsevensub-features.3.WhoaremostlikelytolistentoSpecialEnglish?A.Radioprogramenthusiasts. B.Westernculturelovers.C.Languagelearners. D.Englishbeginners.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了VOA为非英语国家初学者设计的简化英语广播节目SpecialEnglish的相关信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二个黑圈内容“Itbroadcastsatarateof90wordsperminute,or2/3ofStandardEnglish;(它以每分钟90个词的速度播放，是标准英语的2/3)”可知，C选项Itplaysataspeedof90wordsperminute.(它的播放速度是每分钟90个词)是SpecialEnglish的一个标准。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据FeatureProgram中的“Thelatterconsistsofsevendifferentsub-features,whicharerepeatedfourtimesadayonaweeklycycle,butthetwofeaturesonSundayandSaturdayarebroadcastonlythreetimesanight,eachlastingabout10minutes,followedbyeachfive-minutefeature.(后者由七个不同的子特辑组成，每周循环播放四次，但在周六和周日的两个特辑只在晚上播放三次，每个大约10分钟，随后是每个五分钟的特辑。)”可以确定A选项Bothofthemarebroadcastrepeatedly.(它们都被重复播放)是关于这两个节目的正确信息。故选A项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“SpecialEnglishisasimpleandstandardizedEnglishradioprogramarrangedbyVOAforlistenerswhoarebeginningtolearnEnglishinnon-Englishspeakingcountriesaroundtheworld.(SpecialEnglish是由VOA为全球非英语国家中刚开始学习英语的听众安排的一种简单和标准化的英语广播节目。)”可以确定D选项Englishbeginners.(英语初学者)是最有可能听SpecialEnglish的人群。故选D项。BColorado’sgrayspeakrises14,278feetabovesealevel,highenoughthattreescan’tgrowtowardthetop,thoughthereareplentyofshrubsandrocks.ItwasinthisunforgivinglandformthatBevWedelstedtwasunluckyenoughtogetseriouslyinjuredinherleftknee.ItwasAugust2018,andWedelstedt,56,wasonherwaybackdownthetrailwiththreefriends.Astormwasbrewing,andtheywereanxioustogetoffthemountain.Whentheyapproachedarockydropofacoupleoffeet,Wedelstedtdecidedtoleap.Shelandedonherleftleg.Thensheheardthesnap.Everystepafterthatwasagony(剧痛).Beforelong,shehadtostop.Asonefriendrandowntogethelp,anumberofotherhikers,allstrangers,attemptedtohelpWedelstedtdownthenarrowtrailbywalkingoneithersideofhertosupportherweight,butthatprovedslowanddangerous.“OnemanwassoclosetotheedgethatIcouldseerocksfallingdownfromwherehesteppedonthem.”Wedelstedtsays.Finally,onehiker,Matt,askedher,“Howdoyoufeelaboutafireman’scarry?”Beforesheknewit,hehadliftedheroverhisshoulder.“Now,I’mnottiny,”saysWedelstedt,aformercollegebasketballstar.Mattclearlycouldn’tcarryherallthewaydownbyhimself.Sosixhikersandoneofherfriendstookturnscarryingherwhileshetriedtomakelightofadifficultsituation:“ItoldthemIwantedtomeetalotofguys,butthisisn’tthewayIwantedtodoit.”Threehoursandtworock-strewnmileslater,thishumanconveyorbeltfinallymetthemedics,whotookWedelstedttothehospital.Shestayedinhospitalforaperiodtime.Nowshehasmostlyrecoveredfromherill-fatedhike,butWedelstedtknowsshe’llnevershakeonethingfromthatday:thememoryofthebandofstrangerswhocametoherrescue.“I’mstillinawe.”4.WhatmadeitdifficultforWedelstedttogodownhill?A.Thechangingweather. B.Therockypath.C.Thethickbushes. D.Herbrokenleg.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“brewing”inthesecondparagraphmean?A.Advancing. B.Transforming. C.Freezing. D.Weakening.6.WhywasitchallengingtorescueWedelstedt?A.Onlyonehikerhadfirefightingexperience. B.Wedelstedtrefusedhelpfromtherescuers.C.Themedicswereunwillingtoprovidehelp. D.Thenarrowtrailsloweddowntherescuers.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Wedelstedthasgotacompleterecovery. B.AllWedelstedt’rescuerswerestrangers.C.Wedelstedt’srescueleftadeepimpressiononher. D.Wedelstedthasbenefitedalotfromherexperience.〖答案〗4.D5.A6.D7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了BevWedelstedt在登山途中腿断了，无法行走，直到其他徒步旅行者将她扛下了山。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Shelandedonherleftleg.Thensheheardthesnap.Everystepafterthatwasagony(剧痛).Beforelong,shehadtostop.(她的左腿着地。然后她听到啪的一声。之后的每一步都是痛苦的。不久，她不得不停下来)”可知，腿断了让Wedelstedt很难走下坡路。故选D。【5题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“storm”以及后文“andtheywereanxioustogetoffthemountain”可知，他们急着下山是因为暴风雨临近了。故划线词意思是“临近”。故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Asonefriendrandowntogethelp,anumberofotherhikers,allstrangers,attemptedtohelpWedelstedtdownthenarrowtrailbywalkingoneithersideofhertosupportherweight,butthatprovedslowanddangerous.(当一个朋友跑下来寻求帮助时，其他一些徒步旅行者，都是陌生人，试图帮助Wedelstedt走下狭窄的小路，走在她的两侧，以支撑她的体重，但事实证明，这既缓慢又危险)”可知，营救Wedelstedt是一项挑战因为狭窄的小路拖慢了救援人员的速度。故选D。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Nowshehasmostlyrecoveredfromherill-fatedhike,butWedelstedtknowsshe’llnevershakeonethingfromthatday:thememoryofthebandofstrangerswhocametoherrescue.“I’mstillinawe.”(现在，她已经从那次不幸的徒步旅行中恢复过来了，但Wedelstedt知道，她永远无法摆脱那天的一件事：对那群来救她的陌生人的记忆。“我仍然心存敬畏。”)”可知，Wedelstedt的获救给她留下了深刻的印象。故选C。CManypeoplehavelongbelievedthatbrightlightsdraw,orattractflyinginsects.Butthatisnotexactlywhatisgoingon,anewstudysuggests.Researchersbelievethatartificiallightsatnightmaycauseproblemswithflyinginsects’naturalnavigationsystems.Asaresult,thecreaturesflyinconfusionaroundporchlamps,streetlightsandotherartificiallights.“Insectshaveanavigationalproblem,”saidTysonHedrickoftheUniversityofNorthCarolina,ChapelHill.Headded,“They’reaccustomedtousinglightasacue(〖提示〗)toknowwhichwayisup.”Insectsdonotflydirectlytowardalightsource,butactually“tilttheirbackstowardthelight,”saidSamFabianofImperialCollegeLondon.Fabianwasaco-writerofthestudythatappearedrecentlyinNatureCommunications.Thistiltingactionwouldmakesenseifthestrongestlightsourcewasinthesky.Butinthepresenceofartificiallights,theresultismidairconfusion.Forthestudy,researchersattachedverysmallsensorstomothsanddragonfliesinalaboratory.Theythenfilmed“motion-capture”videoofflight—similartohowfilmmakersattachsensorstoactorstofollowtheirmovements.Researchersalsousedhigh-resolutioncamerastofilminsectsflyingaroundlightsatafieldinCostaRica.Suchfilmspermittedresearcherstostudyindetailhowdragonfliescircleendlesslyaroundlightsources,positioningthemselveswiththeirbacksfacingthelight.Researchersalsodocumentedthatsomeinsectsflyupsidedown—andoftencrashland—inthepresenceoflightsthatshinestraightupwardlikesearchlights.Insectflightwasleastdisruptedbybrightlightsthatshinestraightdownward,theresearchersfound.“Formillionsofyears,insectsorientedthemselvesbysensingthattheskyislight,thegroundisdark—untilpeopleinventedartificiallights”,saidAvalonOwensofHarvardUniversity.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Insectshaveanavigationalproblem.B.Artificiallightswillmakeinsectsconfused.C.Notallinsectsdoflydirectlytowardalightsource.D.Smallsensorsareusedtofilmaninsectdocumentary.9.WhichofthefollowingmayAvalonOwensagreewith?A.Insectsareunlikelytoflyupsidedown.B.Insectscanpositionthemselvesfacingthelight.C.Insectsfailedtoorientthemselvesbecauseofartificiallights.D.Insectflightwasinterruptedbydownward-shiningbrightlights.10.Whatattitudedoestheauthortaketowardsthestudy?A.Ambiguous. B.Objective. C.Optimistic. D.Indifferent.11.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthispassage?A.Inanadvertisement. B.Inasciencetextbook.C.Inanaturemagazine. D.Inanewsreport.〖答案〗8.B9.C10.B11.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了昆虫方向感被人造灯影响，介绍了相关研究。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Asaresult,thecreaturesflyinconfusionaroundporchlamps,streetlightsandotherartificiallights.(结果，这些生物在门廊灯、路灯和其他人造灯周围乱飞)”可知，人造光会使昆虫迷惑。故选B。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Formillionsofyears,insectsorientedthemselvesbysensingthattheskyislight,thegroundisdark—untilpeopleinventedartificiallights”,saidAvalonOwensofHarvardUniversity.(哈佛大学的阿瓦隆·欧文斯说：“数百万年来，昆虫通过感知天空是亮的，地面是暗的来定位自己，直到人们发明了人造灯。”)”可知，阿瓦隆·欧文斯可能认同由于人造光，昆虫无法确定自己的方位。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchersbelievethatartificiallightsatnightmaycauseproblemswithflyinginsects’naturalnavigationsystems.(研究人员认为，夜间的人造灯光可能会对飞虫的自然导航系统造成问题)”；第三段“Insectsdonotflydirectlytowardalightsource,butactually“tilttheirbackstowardthelight,”saidSamFabianofImperialCollegeLondon.(伦敦帝国理工学院的山姆·法比安说，昆虫不会直接飞向光源，而是“背对着光源”)”以及最后一段““Formillionsofyears,insectsorientedthemselvesbysensingthattheskyislight,thegroundisdark—untilpeopleinventedartificiallights”,saidAvalonOwensofHarvardUniversity.(哈佛大学的阿瓦隆·欧文斯说：“数百万年来，昆虫通过感知天空是亮的，地面是暗的来定位自己，直到人们发明了人造灯。”)”可知，文章主要涉及的研究结果，没有提及作者对此的看法，故作者的态度是客观的，故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Manypeoplehavelongbelievedthatbrightlightsdraw,orattractflyinginsects.Butthatisnotexactlywhatisgoingon,anewstudysuggests.(许多人一直认为明亮的灯光会吸引飞虫。但一项新的研究表明，事实并非如此)”结合文章主要说明了昆虫方向感被人造灯影响，推文章应该来自自然杂志，故选C。DAmanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompanyhekeeps;forthereisacompanionshipofbooksaswellasofmen;andoneshouldalwaysliveinthebestcompany,whetheritisofbooksorofmen.Agoodbookmaybeamongthebestoffriends.Itisthemostpatientandcheerfulcompanions.Itdoesnotturnitsbackuponusintimesofadversityordistress.Italwaysreceivesuswiththesamekindness,amusingandinstructingusinyouth,andcomfortingandconsolingusinage.Thereisanoldproverb,“Loveme,lovemydog.”Butthereismorewisdominthis:“Loveme,lovemybook.”Thebookisatruerandhigherbondofunion.Mencanthink,feel,andsympathizewitheachotherthroughtheirfavoriteauthor.Theyliveinhimtogether,andheinthem.Thebestbooksaretreasuriesofgoodwords,thegoldenthoughts,which,rememberedandcherished,becomeourconstantcompanionsandcomforters.Bookspossessanessenceofimmortality.Theyarebyfarthemostlastingproductsofhumaneffort.Templesandstatuesdecay,butbookssurvive.Timeisofnoaccountwithgreatthoughts,whichareasfreshtodayaswhentheyfirstpassedthroughtheirauthor’sminds,agesago.Whatwasthensaidandthoughtstillspeakstousasvividlyaseverfromtheprintedpage.Theonlyeffectoftimehasbeentosiftoutthebadproducts,fornothinginliteraturecanlongsurvivebutwhatisreallygood.Booksintroduceusintothebestsociety;theybringusintothepresenceofthegreatestmindsthathaveeverlived.Wehearwhattheysaidanddid;weseethemasiftheywerereallyalive;wesympathizewiththem,enjoywiththemandgrievewiththem.Thegreatandgooddonotdie,eveninthisworld.Embalmedinbooks,people’sspiritswalkabroad.Thebookisalivingvoice.Itisanintellecttowhichonestilllistens.12.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthedifferencebetweenourbooksandourfriends?A.Booksremainpatientandcheerfulforalongertime.B.Booksprovidecomfortinoldage,unlikeourfriends.C.Friendscansometimesdisappointus,similartoourbooks.D.Booksreflectaperson’scharactermorethantheirfriendsdo.13.WhyaretemplesandstatuesmentionedinPara4?A.Toprovethevalueoftime. B.Tohighlightthelongevityofbooks.C.Toshowpeople’spreferenceforliterature. D.Toemphasizetheimportanceofancientarchitecture.14.Whatdoestheauthoradvisereaderstodo?A.Becomeawisemanbyreading.B.Readasmanyclassicbooksaswecan.C.Cherishthecompanyofourbooksjustlikeourfriends.D.Sympathizewithyourfriendsthroughyourfavoriteauthor.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.CompanionshipofBooks B.LongLiveBooksC.OurBestfriends D.LoveMe,LoveMyBook〖答案〗12.A13.B14.C15.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了一本好书可能是最好的朋友之一，说明了好书带来的好处，建议读者珍惜书籍，就像珍惜朋友一样。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Itisthemostpatientandcheerfulcompanions.(它是最有耐心、最令人愉快的伴侣)”可知，书和我们的朋友不同在于书在更长的时间里保持耐心和快乐。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Bookspossessanessenceofimmortality.Theyarebyfarthemostlastingproductsofhumaneffort.Templesandstatuesdecay,butbookssurvive.(书籍具有不朽的本质。它们是迄今为止人类努力的最持久的产物。庙宇和雕像会腐朽，但书籍却能永存)”可知，第4段提到了寺庙和雕像是为了强调书籍的寿命。故选B。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Booksintroduceusintothebestsociety;theybringusintothepresenceofthegreatestmindsthathaveeverlived.Wehearwhattheysaidanddid;weseethemasiftheywerereallyalive;wesympathizewiththem,enjoywiththemandgrievewiththem.Thegreatandgooddonotdie,eveninthisworld.Embalmedinbooks,people’sspiritswalkabroad.Thebookisalivingvoice.Itisanintellecttowhichonestilllistens.(书籍把我们引入最好的社会；他们把我们带到了有史以来最伟大的思想家面前。我们听见他们的言行；我们看到他们就好像他们真的活着一样；我们与他们共情，与他们同乐，与他们同悲。即使在这个世界上，伟大和善良的人也不会死去。人的精神，镌刻在书中，走在国外。书是一种鲜活的声音。这是一种人们至今仍在倾听的智慧)”可知，作者建议读者珍惜书籍，就像珍惜朋友一样。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Amanmayusuallybeknownbythebookshereadsaswellasbythecompanyhekeeps;forthereisacompanionshipofbooksaswellasofmen;andoneshouldalwaysliveinthebestcompany,whetheritisofbooksorofmen.(通常可从一个人所读的书和所交的朋友就可知道他的为人；因为有人以人为伴，也有人以书为伴；无论是书友还是朋友，我们都应该以最好的为伴)”结合文章主要论述了一本好书可能是最好的朋友之一，说明了好书带来的好处，建议读者珍惜书籍，就像珍惜朋友一样。可知，A选项“书的陪伴”最符合文章标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。GuiltyPleasures?Youmighthaveheardoftheexpression“aguiltypleasure”—maybeit’sthechocolatebaryoubuyonthewayhomefromwork,orthenewclothesthatyoudon’treallyneed.Itcomesfromtheideathatwhenwetreatourselves,itcansometimesleaveusfeelingguilty.Perhapswedon’tfeelwedeservedit,orwedon’tthinkitwasaresponsiblewaytospendourmoney.Butshouldwefeellikethis?___16___Perhapsnot.Psychologistshavesuggestedthatbuyingthingsforyourselfcanmakeyoufeelbetterasitprovidesanopportunitytotakecontrolofyoursituation.___17___Itmaybethataswellasliftingyourmood,whenyoubuyatreat,youmightjustbelookingafteryourself.Ofcourse,therearealsoexamplesofpeopleturningtodestructivebehaviourwhenfacedwithstressfulcircumstances.Peoplemightspendmoneythattheydon’thaveatallorturntosomedangerousaddictions.___18___Self-indulgencecanberecklessandhavenegativeconsequences,whileself-nurturingistakingresponsibledecisionstosatisfyourneedsandtakecareofourselvesinwaysthatdon’thaveasignificantimpact.___19___Manyuniversitiespublishguideswithadviceforcopingwithexamstress.It’sessentialtoreflectthedifferencebetweenself-indulgenceandself-nurture.___20___Theyalsosuggestdoingthingsthatyouenjoymuchandaregoodatsothatyoucanfeelaccomplishmentandtoavoidthingsthatmaymakeyoufeelworseafterwards.Soperhaps,aslongaswemakeresponsibledecisions,weshouldn’tfeelguiltyaboutourguiltypleasures.A.Doweneedtohaveaguiltyorclearconscience?B.Dowereallyhavetofeelguiltyabouttreatingourselves?C.Onestressthatpeoplemayneedtodealwithisexamstress.D.Psychologistsrecommendrewardingyourselfforyourefforts.E.Soweshouldkeepabalancebetweenself-indulgenceandself-nurturing.F.Itcangiveyousocialcontactandaconfidenceboostbychangingyourimage.G.PsychologistLeonSeltzerconsidersthedifferencebetweenself-indulgenceandself-nurturing.〖答案〗16.B17.F18.G19.C20.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。本文探讨了“罪恶快感”的概念，指出适度的自我奖赏可以提升情绪、增强自信，但应避免过度放纵导致的负面后果。同时，强调了在压力下，通过负责任的自我滋养而非自我放纵，可以更好地照顾自己。【16题详析】根据第一段最后一句“Butshouldwefeellikethis?(但我们真的需要感到这样吗？)”这句话提出问题，询问我们是否应该对自我奖赏感到内疚。选项B“Dowereallyhavetofeelguiltyabouttreatingourselves?(我们真的需要因为奖赏自己而感到内疚吗？)”承接上文，继续提出问题：我们真的需要因为奖赏自己而感到内疚吗？下文第二段段首“Perhapsnot.(也许不是)”对问题进行了回答；由此可知，B选项符合语境。故选B项。【17题详析】上文“Psychologistshavesuggestedthatbuyingthingsforyourselfcanmakeyoufeelbetterasitprovidesanopportunitytotakecontrolofyoursituation.(心理学家建议，为自己购买东西可以让你感觉更好，因为它提供了一个掌控自己处境的机会。)”说明购物可以提升情绪，并且提供掌控感。选项F“Itcangiveyousocialcontactandaconfidenceboostbychangingyourimage.(它可以通过改变你的形象给你社交接触和自信的提升。)”进一步阐述了购物对个人形象和自信的积极影响，符合语境。故选F项。【18题详析】上文“Peoplemightspendmoneythattheydon’thaveatallorturntosomedangerousaddictions.(当人们可能会花他们根本没有的钱，或者转向一些危险的上瘾。)”提到了人们在压力下可能自我放纵的不健康行为；选项G“PsychologistLeonSeltzerconsidersthedifferencebetweenself-indulgenceandself-nurturing.(心理学家LeonSeltzer考虑了自我放纵和自我滋养之间的区别。)”承接上文，指出心理学家LeonSeltzer考虑了自我放纵和自我滋养之间的区别；下文“Self-indulgencecanberecklessandhavenegativeconsequences,whileself-nurturingistakingresponsibledecisionstosatisfyourneedsandtakecareofourselvesinwaysthatdon’thaveasignificantimpact.(自我放纵可能是鲁莽的，会带来负面后果，而自我培养是做出负责任的决定，以满足我们的需求，并以不会产生重大影响的方式照顾好自己。)”承接G选项，详细阐述了自我放纵和自我滋养之间的区别。故选G项。【19题详析】下文“Manyuniversitiespublishguideswithadviceforcopingwithexamstress.(许多大学发布指南，提供应对考试压力的建议。)”提到了大学提供的关于应对考试压力的建议；由此可知，设空处与考试压力有关；选项C“Onestressthatpeoplemayneedtodealwithisexamstress.(人们可能需要应对的一种压力是考试压力。)”符合语境，“examstress”为原词复现。故选C项。【20题详析】下文“Theyalsosuggestdoingthingsthatyouenjoymuchandaregoodatsothatyoucanfeelaccomplishmentandtoavoidthingsthatmaymakeyoufeelworseafterwards.(他们还建议做你非常喜欢并且擅长的事情，这样你可以感到成就，并且避免之后可能让你感觉更糟的事情。)”指出，他们也建议做喜欢或擅长的事情来获得成就感，结合句中“also”可知，设空处是一个关于自我滋养的建议；选项D“Psychologistsrecommendrewardingyourselfforyourefforts.(心理学家建议奖励自己的努力。)”符合语境，下文中的代词“They”指代选项中的“Psychologists”。故选D项。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnasteamyJulydayinBayonetPoint,Florida,GeneWorkandhisbrother-in-law,MarkRouco,wereresodding(重新铺草皮)Gene’syard.Thelawnhadgrown___21___intheheat,andtheWorkshadbeenthreatenedtoacceptahugefineifthesituationwasn’tremedied.Thenewsodwassittinginthedriveway,butthejobwasslow-going.Gene,then40,wasn’tfeelingright.Hewentinsidetotakeabreakand___22___onthecouch,clutchinghischest.Hiswife,MelissaWork,called911quickly.Eventhoughhewas___23___downdeath,Genehadonethingonhismind:that___24___.Ifthesodwasn’t___25___thatday,itwoulddie.“Whilehewashavinghisheartattack,literallyinandoutofconsciousness,hekept___26___metohaveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste,”MelissawroteinaFacebookpost.SoonPascoCountyFireRescuearrivedandtookGeneandMelissatothehospital,leavingRoucobehindto___27___theyard.Withinanhour,hehadmanagedtoremovetheoldgrass.Hewasabouttolaythenewsod,whichhe___28___wouldtakehimwellintothenight,___29___twoemergencyvehiclesappeared.Sevenmen—thesameoneswhohadtreatedhisbrother—___30___.Genehadtoldthemhow___31___he’dwantedtogetthesoddown,sotheyhadreturnedtohelp.Thejobwasdoneinundertwohours.Meanwhile,Genehadsurgerytoinsertstents(支架)inhisheart,___32___apotentiallydeadlyblockage.He’shomenow,fullyrecovered—andenjoyinghisbeautifullawn.TheWorksarestill___33___thatthoseEMTswentaboveandbeyondtheirjob___34___.“Thesemen,”Melissatold,“savedGene’slife,andthencamebacktosavehisgrass.That’sjustso___35___.”21.A.black B.brown C.white D.green22.A.lay B.collapsed C.sat D.threw23.A.glaring B.coming C.staring D.cutting24.A.yard B.heat C.job D.lawn25.A.putdown B.pulledover C.letout D.dealtwith26.A.interrupting B.begging C.recommending D.recalling27.A.construct B.manage C.tackle D.supervise28.A.anticipated B.estimated C.assumed D.feared29.A.when B.before C.after D.then30.A.gotout B.turnedup C.settleddown D.wentaway31.A.gratefully B.significantly C.badly D.logically32.A.gathering B.removingC.decreasing D.relieving33.A.amazed B.motivated C.frustrated D.fascinated34.A.comparison B.description C.duration D.intention35.A.brilliant B.awful C.awesome D.influential〖答案〗21.B22.B23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.D29.A30.A31.C32.D33.A34.B35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了GeneWork在清理草坪的时候突发疾病被送往医院，但是他放心不下草坪，结果救了他的医生们回到他家帮助他清理了草坪。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：草坪在高温下已经变成棕色，沃克一家曾受到威胁，如果不纠正这种情况，他们将接受巨额罚款。A.black黑色的；B.brown棕色的；C.white白色的；D.green绿色的。根据后文“hehadmanagedtoremovetheoldgrass.”以及“intheheat”可知，草因为高温已经枯黄，变成棕色了。故选B。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他进去休息，然后瘫倒在沙发上，捂着胸口。A.lay位于；B.collapsed倒塌，瘫倒；C.sat坐；D.threw扔。根据后文“onthecouch,clutchinghischest”可知，他突发疾病，瘫倒在沙发上，故选B。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管吉恩面临死亡，但他心里只有一件事：那块草坪。A.glaring怒视；B.coming来；C.staring凝视；D.cutting切割。根据后文“downdeath”以及上文提到瘫倒在沙发上上，说明面临死亡，此处staredowndeath表示“面临死亡”。故选C。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管吉恩面临死亡，但他心里只有一件事：那块草坪。A.yard院子；B.heat热量；C.job工作；D.lawn草坪。根据后文“haveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste”可知，他内心放不下那块草坪。故选D。【25题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果那天不把草皮放下，它就会死掉。A.putdown放下；B.pulledover靠边停车；C.letout泄露；D.dealtwith处理。根据后文“haveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste”此处指把草皮放下。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅丽莎在脸书上写道：“当他心脏病发作的时候，他一直求我把它放下，因为他不想浪费它。”A.interrupting打断；B.begging恳求；C.recommending推荐；D.recalling回想起。根据后文“metohaveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste”指吉恩恳求妻子把草皮放下来，故选B。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，帕斯科县消防救援队赶到了，把吉恩和梅丽莎送到了医院，留下鲁科去清理院子。A.construct建造；B.manage设法完成；C.tackle处理，解决；D.supervise监督。根据后文“Withinanhour,hehadmanagedtoremovetheoldgrass.(不到一个小时，他就把旧的草皮移走了)”指鲁科去清理院子。故选C。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他正要铺新草皮，他担心这会把他拖到深夜，这时两辆急救车出现了。A.anticipated预期；B.estimated估计；C.assumed认为；D.feared担心。根据后文“wouldtakehimwellintothenight”指担心铺设草皮会拖到深夜。故选D。【29题详析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他正要铺新草皮，他担心这会把他拖到深夜，这时两辆急救车出现了。A.when当……时候；B.before在……之前；C.after在……之后；D.then然后。此处为句型beabouttodosth.when…表示“正要做某事，这时……”。故选A。【30题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：七个人，就是治疗过他哥哥的人，走了出来。A.gotout挺身而出，出去；B.turnedup出现；C.settleddown解决；D.wentaway消失。根据后文“sotheyhadreturnedtohelp”此处指治疗过吉恩的人挺身而出，为他清理草坪。故选A。【31题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：吉恩告诉他们，他非常想把草皮清理掉，所以他们回来帮忙。A.gratefully感谢地；B.significantly值得注意地，相当地；C.badly严重地，非常；D.logically逻辑上。根据后文“he’dwantedtogetthesoddown”以及上文“metohaveitputdownbecausehedidn’twantittogotowaste”指吉恩非常想把草皮清理掉。故选C。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，吉恩做了手术，在他的心脏植入支架，以缓解潜在的致命阻塞。A.gathering聚集；B.removing去除；C.decreasing减少；D.relieving缓解。根据上文“Meanwhile,Genehadsurgerytoinsertstentsinhisheart”可知，吉恩的手术装了支架以缓解潜在的致命阻塞。故选D。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些急救医生所做的工作超出了他们的职责范围，这让沃克夫妇仍然感到惊讶。A.amazed惊讶的；B.motivated积极的；C.frustrated沮丧的；D.fascinated着迷的。根据上文“thoseEMTswentaboveandbeyondtheirjob”可知，这些急救医生所做的工作超出了他们的职责范围，这让沃克夫妇仍然感到惊讶。故选A。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些急救医生所做的工作超出了他们的职责范围，这让沃克夫妇仍然感到惊讶。A.comparison比较；B.description形容，描述；C.duration持续；D.intention意图。根据上文“thoseEMTswentaboveandbeyondtheirjob”以及救护人员为病人清理草坪，所以是超出了职责范围，jobdescription表示“工作描述”符合语境。故选B。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这些人，”梅丽莎告诉，“救了吉恩的命，然后又回来救他的草。这真是太棒了。”A.brilliant杰出的，巧妙的；B.awful糟糕的；C.awesome非常棒的；D.influential有影响力的。根据上文“savedGene’slife,andthencamebacktosavehisgrass”可知，吉恩的妻子认为他们救了吉恩的命，还救了他的草坪，是很棒的事情。故选C。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。BEIJING—Chinesecitiesarepursuinghigh-qualitydevelopmentin___36___(vary)ofways,butnewtechnologiesareaconsistentchoiceandhavealreadyhelpedsomeexploresmarter,greenerandmoreinnovativepaths.Huangshi,anindustrialcityincentralChina’sHubeiprovince,___37___(harvest)thebenefitsofintelligenttechnologiesinthepastdecade.Miningmayconjureup(使人联系到)imagesofadirty,labor-intensiveanddangeroussector.Butthatisnotthe___38___(real)inHuangshi,whereminingreliesonunmannedmachines,remote___39___(monitor)technologiesandintelligentcoordinationsystems.___40___(dress)inablueworksuitandwhiteshirt,DayeIronMineworkerYuanJianjunsitsinfrontofseveralcomputersinaspaciouscommandcenter.Hiseyesarefixedonthescreens,___41___showliveimagesofundergroundminingmachinesandreal-timedatafromsensorsplacedinsidethemine.Inthepast,Yuanworkedundergroundinavery___42___(dust)environment.“Itusedtobeachallengingjobbothphysicallyandmentally,”hesaid.Now,machinesarecontrolled___43___(remote)fromanofficeenvironmenttocollectminerals.Techsupporthasreducedlaborintensityandimprovedworkplacesafety,enablingmoreminingsectoremployeeslikeYuan___44___(work)inasaferandhealthierenvironment____45____previousgenerations.“Ithasbecomea