适用于新高考新教材天津专版2024届高考英语一轮总复习必修第三册Unit3Theworldofscience课件外研版

必修第三册Unit3

Theworldofscience英语通词句基础自测教材单词[必背写作词汇]1.

v.射出(光线等),放射

2.

n.渴望,欲望

3.

adj.被动的

4.

prep.无法……

5.

n.例子,实例

6.

adj.非凡的,出色的

7.

adj.聪颖的,才华横溢的

shoot

desire

passive

beyond

instanceextraordinary

brilliant

8.

n.药剂;疗法

9.

v.起草,草拟

10.

n.(科学)实验

11.

n.记述,描述

curedraft

experimentaccount

[识记阅读词汇]1.gunpowdern.

2.compassn.

3.virtualadj.

4.batteryn.

5.computev.

6.stuffn.

7.chemistn.

8.astronomern.

9.biologistn.

10.minoradj.

火药指南针,罗盘虚拟的,模拟的电池计算东西,物品化学家天文学家生物学家小的11.originn.

12.speciesn.

13.streamn.

14.radiumn.

15.lightningn.

16.fictionn.

17.metaln.

18.flashn.

19.conductv.

20.gravityn.

21.proceduren.

起源,起因物种小河,小溪镭(一种化学元素)

闪电虚构的事,想象的事金属闪光传导(热、电)

重力,引力程序,步骤,手续[构织连脉词汇]1.______________v.按→______________n.压力;挤压;压迫(感)

2.______________adj.易弯曲的,柔韧的→______________n.灵活性;弹性;适应性

3.______________adj.有能力的→______________n.才能,能力

4.______________adj.重要的,影响深远的→______________n.意义;意思;重要性

5.______________v.使受伤,弄伤→______________n.伤害;损害→______________adj.受伤的

6.______________adj.精确的→______________n.精确;准确→______________adv.准确地;精确地

presspressureflexibleflexibilitycapablecapabilitysignificantsignificanceinjureinjuryinjuredaccurateaccuracyaccurately7.______________adj.小的→______________n.少数;少数民族

8.______________n.起源,起因→______________adj.原来的

9.______________n.学说,理论→______________adj.理论的,理论上的→______________adv.理论地;理论上

10.___________adj.精神的;精神健康的→__________adv.精神上,心理上

11.______________n.声明,宣告→_____________vt.宣布;声明;表明;宣称

12.______________v.系,绑;贴→______________adj.依恋的,附属于

13.______________adj.科学(上)的→______________adv.科学地→______________n.科学→______________n.科学家

14.______________n.证明,证据→______________v.证明是;被发现是

minorminorityoriginoriginaltheorytheoreticaltheoreticallymentalmentallydeclarationdeclareattachattachedscientificscientificallysciencescientistproofprove常用短语1.

除此之外,另外

2.

被固定/附在……上

3.

发生

4.

有能力做某事

5.

以……开始

6.

毫无疑问,很可能

7.

此刻,目前

inaddition

beattachedto

takeplace

becapableofdoingsthstartwith

nodoubtatthemoment

8.

导致

9.

与……一起

10.

除……之外

11.

死于

12.

得出结论

13.

不止一个,很多

leadto

alongwith

apartfrom

diefrom

drawaconclusion

morethanone重点句型1.Andnow,wefind

ourselves

in

the

great

new

age

of

technology.【尝试翻译】【考点凝练】find+宾语+宾语补足语2.More

than

one

generation

of

schoolchildren

has

beenamazedbyhisbraveryandhisscientificapproachtolookingforthetruth.【尝试翻译】【考点凝练】“morethanone+单数可数名词”做主语时,谓语动词用单数而现在,我们发现自己正处于伟大的科技新时代。

数代学生都叹服于他的勇气与追求真理时采用的科学方法。

3.Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthat

it

hit

him

on

the

head.【尝试翻译】【考点凝练】that引导同位语从句事实上,不止一种说法表明,虽然牛顿的灵感来自一个掉落的苹果,但没有证据表明苹果击中了他的头部。提能力增分课堂◎核心词汇突破1.capable

adj.有能力的【归纳】(1)be

capable

of

(doing)sth有能力(做)某事(2)capability

n.能力,才能have

the

capability

to

do

sth/of

doing

sth有做某事的能力【佳句】Ibelievesheis

capable

oftakinggoodcareofherself.我相信她有能力照顾好自己。【练会】单项填空①I’mperfectlycapableof

itmyself.

A.do B.doesC.did D.doing②Thesetestsarebeyondthe

ofanaveragetwelve-year-old.

A.thought B.behaviorC.capability D.imaginationDC【写美】一句多译·背诵③有了新机器,我们终于有能力把工作做好了。→Withthenewmachineswe

thejobwell.(capable)

→Withthenewmachineswe

thejobwell.(capability)

arefinallycapableofdoingfinallyhavethecapabilitytodo/ofdoing2.desire

n.渴望,欲望

v.渴望;期望【归纳】(1)have

a

desire

to

do

sth/for

sth渴望做某事/得到某物(2)desire

to

do

sth渴望/希望做某事desire

that...(should)

do

sth渴望……做某事【点津】desire后接宾语从句、同位语从句或表语从句时,从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。

that引导同位语从句【佳句】It’sourdesire

thatyou(should)providesomemoneyforourprogram,aswellasofferussomepracticalsuggestions.

我们渴望你能为我们的项目提供一些资金,也提供一些实用的建议。【练会】单项填空①(2019·全国Ⅲ卷改编)Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesire

thetradition.

A.changes B.tochangeC.changing D.changed②Wedesirethatimmediatehelp

tothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.

A.given B.isgivenC.begiven D.togiveBC【写美】完成句子·背诵③既然你渴望学习中国文化,我认为北京语言大学是你的理想去处。Since

,IthinkBeijingLanguageandCultureUniversityisanidealplaceforyou.(应用文写作之建议信)

youhaveastrongdesiretolearnChineseculture3.injure

v.使受伤,弄伤【归纳】(1)injury

n.伤害,损害(2)injured

adj.受伤的the

injured伤员【佳句】Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn’tbeenwearingone,Iwouldhavebeeninjured.我当时系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带,我就会受伤了。【练会】单项填空①Awar

hasmadehislefthandstopfunctioning.

A.wound B.injuryC.destruction D.damage②Aftertheaccident,

injuredweretakentoseveralnearbyhospitals.A.a B.anC.the D./【写美】句式升级·背诵③Myleftfootwasseriouslyinjured,soIcouldn’tgowithyouasplanned.→

,Icouldn’tgowithyouasplanned.(with复合结构)

BCWithmyleftfootseriouslyinjured4.cure

n.药剂;疗法

v.治愈,治好(病人或动物)【归纳】cure

sb

of

sth治好某人的病;矫正某人的不良行为a

cure

for

...……的疗法【佳句】Therefore,weshouldcureusofthehabitthatweonlyconsultconsumptionratingswhenwegoshopping.因此,我们应该改掉购物时只参考消费排名的习惯。【练会】单项填空①Aftergraduation,absorbedinstudyingtraditionalChinesemedicine,shewantedtofind

cureformalaria.

A.a B.an C.the D./②ProfessorWangsaysthereasonofshortsightednessiscomplicatedandthatthereisstillnoexcellentcure

it.

A.to B.forC.on D.aboutAB【写美】完成句子·背诵③在父母和老师的帮助下,我改掉了一些坏的学习习惯,在学习上取得了进步。Withthehelpofmyparentsandteachers,I__________________________________________andmadeprogressinmystudy.

curedmyselfofsomebadlearninghabits5.attach

v.系;绑;贴;与……有关联;把……附(在……上)【归纳】(1)attach

sth

to

sth把某物系/贴到某物上attach

oneself

to

sb和某人缠在一起attach

importance/significance

to认为……重要/有意义(to为介词)(2)attached

adj.喜爱的;依恋的;附属的be

attached

to依恋;爱慕;留恋;附属于【点津】attach...to...中的to为介词,其后跟名词、动词-ing形式等。【练会】单项填空①Theresearchunit

totheuniversity.

A.attach B.attachedC.attaches D.isattached②Sheshowedspecialconcernforthecollegestudentsandattachedmuchsignificance

educatingthem.

A.on B.forC.to D.by【写美】完成句子·背诵③众所周知,中国人非常重视餐桌礼仪。Asisknowntoall,Chinesepeople

tablemanners.(写作话题之餐桌礼仪)

DCattachgreatimportance/significanceto6.in

addition除此之外,另外【归纳】(1)in

addition

to除……之外,还……(=as

well

as=besides)except除……外(其余都)apart

from除……之外(2)additional

adj.额外的,附加的(3)additionally

adv.另外,此外【点津】inaddition相当于一个副词,表示递进关系,后面用逗号。inadditionto是一个介词短语,后面接名词、动词-ing形式。【练会】单项填空①Inadditionto

forknowledge,wereadforfunandinspiration.

A.reading B.readC.reads D.beingread②(2019·全国Ⅲ卷改编)

,sittingonthegrassandenjoyingthetastyfoodanddrinksprovidedbysponsors,wewillbefullyabsorbedintheattractiveandfascinatingperformances.

A.Originally B.AdditionallyC.Accidentally D.Recently【写美】完成句子·背诵③你需要钱和时间,此外还需要努力。Youneedmoneyandtime;

,youneedhardwork.

ABinaddition/additionally7.in

terms

of

谈及;在……方面;就……而言【归纳】in

the

short

term从短期来看;就眼前来说in

the

long

term从长远来看be

on

good

terms

with与……关系良好come

to

terms

with...妥协;对……让步【佳句】In

terms

ofworkingexperience,Ihaveagreatadvantagethanothers.从工作经验来讲,我比其他人有很大的优势。【练会】单项填空①

thelongterm,drinkingheavilycauseshighbloodpressure.

A.For B.SinceC.In D.At②(2021·全国乙卷改编)Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecomeeducatedabouttheareas—bothin

ofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics.

A.way B.termsC.spite D.supportCB【写美】完成句子·背诵③如果你能给我提供一些如何与室友保持良好关系的建议,我将不胜感激。Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowto

.(应用文写作之求助信)

beongoodtermswithmyroommates★补遗缺

微点练全Ⅰ.一词多义——根据语境写出句中黑体词的词性和含义1.account①Iwillopenanaccountinthebank.

②I’mwritingtogiveyouadetailedaccountofmytrip.

③Canyouaccountforyourmovementsonthatnight?

④TheJapanesemarketaccountsfor35%ofthecompany’srevenue.

n.账户

n.描述

v.解释

v.占(比例)2.flash①Lightningflashedinthedistance.

②Hisnamewasflasheduponthescreen.

③Aterriblethoughtflashedthroughmymind.

④Thecountrysideflashedpastthetrainwindows.

⑤Flashesoflightwerefollowedbyanexplosion.

v.闪光

v.(使)闪现,显示

v.突然想到;猛然想起

v.飞速运动;掠过

n.闪光

Ⅱ.单项填空3.

theory,thesemachinesshouldlastfortenyearsormore.

A.On B.ByC.In D.With4.Thereareanumberofimprovements;

instance,bothmousebuttonscannowbeused.

A.for B.withC.at D.belowCA◎重点句型透视find+宾语+宾语补足语【教材原句】Andnow,wefind

ourselves

in

the

great

new

age

of

technology.而现在,我们发现自己正处于伟大的科技新时代。【归纳】“find+oneself+宾语补足语”指不知不觉地发现自己处于某种状态。常表示意料之外的情况。宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词充当。【佳句】Whenhewokeup,hefound

himself

in

hospital.当他醒来时,发现自己在医院里。【练会】单项填空①Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound

inthekitchen.

A.smoke B.tosmokeC.smoking D.smoked②Sadly,shefoundherself

inanunhappymarriage.

A.trapping B.trappedC.beingtrapped D.totrap【写美】完成句子·背诵③使她欣喜若狂的是,她发现自己一夜成名了。Toherwildjoy,she

overnight.

CBfoundherselffamous研真题链接高考(2019·全国Ⅲ卷,完形填空)——科技发展与信息技术创新ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid-March—

41

sixmonthsoutoftheyear.

“Ofcourse,we

42

itwhenthesunisshining,”saysKarinRo,whoworksforthetown’stourismoffice.“Weseetheskyis

43

,butdowninthevalleyit’sdarker—it’slikeona

44

day.”

Butthat

45

whenasystemofhigh-tech

46

wasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaks(山峰)intothevalleybelow.Wednesday,residents(居民)ofRjukan

47

theirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainsidewereputto

48

.Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthat

49

themtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthe

50

andtocloseduringwindyweather.Theyreflectaconcentratedbeam(束)oflightontothetown’scentral

51

,creatinganareaofsunlightroughly600squaremeters.Whenthelight

52

,Rjukanresidentsgatheredtogether.

“Peoplehavebeen

53

thereandstandingthereandtaking

54

ofeachother,”Rosays.“Thetownsquarewastotally

55

.Ithinkalmostallthepeopleinthetownwerethere.”The3,500residentscannotall

56

thesunshineatthesametime.

57

,thenewlightfeelslikemorethanenoughforthetown’s

58

residents.

“It’snotvery

59

,”shesays,“butitisenoughwhenweare

60

.”

理清脉络

真题再做41.A.only

B.obviouslyC.nearly D.precisely42.A.fear B.believeC.hear D.notice43.A.empty B.blueC.high D.wide44.A.cloudy B.normalC.different D.warm45.A.helped B.changedC.happened D.mattered46.A.computers B.telescopesC.mirrors D.cameras47.A.remembered B.forecastedC.received D.imagined48.A.repair B.riskC.Rest D.use49.A.forbids B.directsC.predicts D.follows50.A.day B.nightC.month D.year51.A.library B.hallC.square D.street52.A.appeared B.returnedC.faded D.stopped53.A.driving B.hidingC.camping D.sitting54.A.pictures B.notesC.care D.hold55.A.new B.fullC.flat D.silent56.A.block B.avoidC.enjoy D.store57.A.Instead B.HoweverC.Gradually D.Similarly58.A.nature-loving B.energy-savingC.weather-beaten D.sun-starved59.A.big B.clearC.cold D.easy60.A.trying B.waitingC.watching D.sharing41.C

解析:根据上文提到的from

late

September

to

mid-March可知,Rjukan有将近(nearly)六个月接受不到阳光照射。only“唯一的;仅有的”;obviously“明显地”;precisely“精确地;恰好地”。42.D

解析:根据下文中的“We

see

the

sky

is...”可知,当太阳照耀的时候,居民们注意到(notice)了这一点。fear“畏惧;害怕”;believe“相信”;hear“听到”。故选D项。43.B

解析:当太阳照耀时,天空是蓝色的(blue);但在山谷中,天空就暗下来了。44.A

解析:根据上文中的“but

down

in

the

valley

it’s

darker”可知,此处表示就像是阴天(cloudy)一样。normal“正常的”;different“不同的”;warm“温暖的”。45.B

解析:根据下文中的“their

very

first

ray

of

winter

sunshine”可知,Rjukan的居民们享受到了第一缕暖阳,近半年得不到太阳照射的现象得以改变(changed)。46.C

解析:根据下文中的“The

mirrors

are

controlled

by

a

computer

that...”可知,小镇安装了高科技的反射镜(mirror)系统。computer“电脑”;telescope“望远镜”;camera“照相机”。47.C

解析:根据下文中的“their

very

first

ray

of

winter

sunshine”可知,小镇装上了高科技反射镜系统,居民们得以接收到了(received)冬季第一缕阳光的照射。48.D

解析:根据上文中的“A

row

of

reflective

boards

on

a

nearby

mountainside”可知,反射板被用来反射阳光,此处用固定搭配put...to

use,意为“利用……”。故选D项。49.B

解析:根据上文可知,这些反射镜由一台电脑控制,电脑可根据太阳位置的变化,指挥(directs)反射镜旋转。50.A

解析:电脑根据一整天(throughout

the

day)中太阳位置的变化,指挥反射镜旋转,以有效反射附近山峰上的太阳光。night“夜晚”;month“月份”;year“年”。51.C

解析:根据下文中的“The

town

square

was

totally

.”可知,此处指反射镜系统将集中的光线反射到小镇的中心广场(square)上,形成近600平方米的光区。

52.A

解析:根据上文中的“creating

an

area

of

sunlight

roughly

600

square

meters”可知,当光线出现(appeared)的时候,小镇居民从四周聚集而来。return“返回”;fade“褪去,失去光泽”;stop“停止”。53.D

解析:根据上文可知,居民聚集到广场,或坐(sitting),或站,互相拍照。54.A

解析:见上题解析。take

pictures“拍照”;take

notes“记笔记”;take

care“照顾”;take

hold“抓住”。55.B

解析:根据下文中的“I

think

almost

all

the

people

in

the

town

were

there.”可知,来到广场上的居民很多,因此整个广场是满的(full)。56.C

解析:根据上文可知,广场上的人很多。由此可推测,3,500位居民无法同时享受(enjoy)阳光。block“阻止;阻塞”;avoid“避开,避免”;store“贮存”。57.B

解析:根据下文中的more

than

enough可知,此处表示转折,因此选B项,意为“然而”。instead“代替”;gradually“逐步地,渐渐地”;similarly“相似地;类似地”。58.D

解析:根据上文可知,居民近半年时间享受不到阳光照射,所以此处表示渴望阳光的(sun-starved)居民。59.A

解析:根据上文以及下文中的but

it

is

enough可知,反射过来的阳光面积并不大(big)。60.D

解析:此处表示虽然阳光面积不大,但也足够居民们分享(sharing)。try“尝试”;wait“等待”;watch“观看”。语言能力1.掌握构词知识词根派生词性及词义例句

situated

ThesmalltownofRjukaninNorwayissituatedbetweenseveralmountainsanddoesnotgetdirectsunlightfromlateSeptembertomid-March—nearlysixmonthsoutoftheyear.situateadj.位于;坐落在

2.猜测生僻词词义Wednesday,residentsofRjukanreceivedtheirveryfirstrayofwintersunshine:Arowofreflectiveboardsonanearbymountainsidewereputtouse.

3.牢记熟词生义单词词性及词义例句introduce

Butthatchangedwhenasystemofhigh-techmirrorswasintroducedtoreflectsunlightfromneighboringpeaksintothevalleybelow.光线

vt.推行;实施;采用

4.仿写经典句型Theyreflectaconcentratedbeamoflightontothetown’scentralsquare,creating

an

area

of

sunlightroughly600squaremeters.仿写:他卖掉了农场,从而获得了足够的旅行费用。Hesoldhisfarm,thus

forhisjourney.

gainingenoughmoney5.破解复杂句式Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputerthatdirectsthemtoturnalongwiththesunthroughoutthedayandtocloseduringwindyweather.分析:句子主干为

;that

directs

them

to

turn

along

with

the

sun

throughout

the

day

and

to

close

during

windy

weather为

语从句,修饰先行词

,其中to

turn

along

with

the

sun

throughout

the

day

and

to

close

during

windy

weather为

语,补充说明宾语them,them指代的是

。译文:Themirrorsarecontrolledbyacomputer定

acomputer宾语补足

themirrors这些镜子由一台电脑控制,电脑会指挥它们全天随太阳转动,并在刮风的天气关闭。测效果课堂评价Ⅰ.熟词生义1.flexible项目意义例句熟义adj.

Dancersandgymnastsneedtobeveryflexible.生义adj.

Ourplansneedtobeflexibleenoughtocaterfortheneedsofeveryone.易弯曲的,柔韧的

能适应新情况的;灵活的

2.stuff项目意义例句熟义n.

Thechairswerecoveredinsomesortofplasticstuff.生义v.

Allthedrawerswerestuffedfulloflettersandpapers.3.stream项目意义例句熟义n.

Therewasastreamattheendofthegarden.生义v.

Tearsstreamingdownhisface.东西,物品

塞满,装满

小河,小溪

流;流出Ⅱ.单项填空A组

基础必练1.Iwasexhausted,bothphysicallyand

.

A.mentally B.biologicallyC.strongly D.heartily2.Theyquestionedthe

oftheinformationinthefile.

A.belief B.knowledgeC.accuracy D.activity3.

,wehadintendedtogotoItaly,butthenwewonthetriptoGreece.

A.Eventually B.OriginallyC.Suddenly D.InstantlyACB4.Oneday,whenIopenedmybook,Ifoundabeautifulcard

thefirstpage,givingmebestwishes.

A.attachingto B.attachedtoC.attachedwith D.attachingwith5.Youwill

succeedinyourscientificresearchbymakinggreatefforts.

A.byaccident B.bydesignC.nodoubt D.nowonder6.Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,

regardedasoneofthebestall-roundformsofexe