天津大神堂中学高一英语摸底试卷含解析

天津大神堂中学高一英语摸底试卷含解析一、选择题13.Itwaslastmonth______weboughtthishouseandmovedin.A.which

B.that

C.when

D.what参考答案：B略2.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,largeamountsofgoodearth______eachyear.

Aiswashingaway.

Bisbeingwashedaway.Carewashingaway.

Darebeingwashedaway

参考答案：D3.When_______whyhehadn’tfinishedhishomework,theboyhunghisheadinshame. A.asking B.tobeasked C.asked D.toask参考答案：C4.

InAfrica,manypeopledieof______everyyear.A.hungry

B.hunger

C.cold

D.food参考答案：B5.Whiterepresentspurityinthatculture,whichisoften_____abridecarriesorwearssomethingwhiteonherweddingday.A.whether B.why C.that D.how参考答案：B【详解】考查表语从句。句意：在那个文化中，白色代表纯洁，这就是为什么新娘在婚礼上要穿白色的衣服。分析句子结构可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，先行项为主句整句内容，根据句意可知，“白色代表纯洁”是“新娘在婚礼上要穿白色的衣服”的原因，故此空缺少引导词why，故选B。6.Continuingviolencecould________theprogresstowardsreform.A.holdon B.holdout C.holdonto D.holdup参考答案：D【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：持续的暴力可能阻碍改革的进展。holdon坚持；holdout伸出；holdonto紧紧抓住；holdup阻挡。根据句意可知，故选D。7.—Howlongwillitbe______weknowtheresultoftheEnglishexamination?—Perhapsintwoorthreedays．

A．since

B．before

C．until

D．that参考答案：B8.—Howlong____you____inSingapore?—Forjusttheweekend．I’llbebacknextMonday．A．have;stayed

B．are;staying

C．did;stay

D．do;stay参考答案：B9.OurEnglishclassisreallywhenshethinkswe’regetting

.A.amusing;boring B.amused;boredC.amusing;bored D.amused;boring参考答案：C10.Heaskedalotofquestions,mostof______hadnothingtodowithhisstudy.A.that B.which C.them D.what参考答案：B【详解】考查定语从句连接词。句意：他问了很多问题，其中大部分与他的学习无关。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词questions，且先行词在从句中做介词of的宾语，指物，故用关系代词which。故选B。11.I'msorryIcan'thelpyouwithyourEnglishstudy________，forIambusywiththemeetingarrangement.A．rightaway

B．rightnowC．atonce

D．straightaway参考答案：B[句意：对不起，我现在不能帮你学英语，因为我正忙着安排会议。rightnow“此刻；现在”；rightaway，atonce，straightaway都表示“马上；立刻”。]12.Therearesomanymaterialsleftafterbuildingthehouse.Canyoutellme

?A．howtodealwith

B．howtodealwithitC．whattodealwithit

D．whattodealwith参考答案：B13.Itsnowedheavily;______,lotsofflightshavebeenputoffuntilfurthernotice.A.orelse

B.asaresult

C.aswell

D.asamatteroffact参考答案：B14.Ittookmequitealongtimeto________thenewenvironmenthere.A.adaptto

B.relateto

C.applyto

D.attachto参考答案：A15.Themanwaswalkingalongthestreet

hestoppedandlookedasif

whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.

A.when;seeing

B.when;tosee

C.while;seeing

D.while;tosee参考答案：B略16.Itwasnotuntiltheentranceexamswereinsightthat_________thatIhadsomanybookstocoverandsomanyexercisestofinish.A.Irealized

B.didIrealize

C.hadIrealized

D.Ihadrealized参考答案：A17.Hecommandedthestudents______theclassroombeforehereturned.

A.didnotleave B.leavenot

C.nottoleave D.notleaving参考答案：C二、新的题型18.Whatmakesonepersonmoreintelligentthananother?Whatmakesonepersonagenius,likethebrilliantAlbertEinstein,andanotherpersonafool?Arepeoplebornintelligentorstupid,orisintelligencetheresultofwhereandhowyoulive?___16___Weknow,however,thatjustbeingbornwithagoodmindisnotenough.Insomeways,themindislikealegoranarmmuscle.___17___Mentalexerciseisparticularlyimportantforyoungchildren.Manychildpsychologiststhinkthatparentsshouldplaywiththeirchildrenmoreoftenandgivethemproblemstothinkabout.___18___If,ontheotherhand,childrenareleftaloneagreatdealwithnothingtodo,theyaremorelikelytobecomedullandunintelligent.___19__Accordingtosomepsychologists,ifparentsarealwaystellingachildthatheorsheisafooloranidiot,thenthechildismorelikelytokeepdoingsillyandfoolishthings.Soitisprobablybetterforparentstosayverypositivethingstotheirchildren,suchas“Thatwasaverycleverthingyoudid.”or“___20___”.A.Ahealthybodycontributestoone’sintelligence.B.Parentsshouldalsobecarefulaboutwhattheysaytoyoungchildren.C.Whatpeoplewanttoexpressislikethis.D.Thechildrenarethenmorelikelytogrowupbrightandintelligent.E.Itneedsexercise.F.Youaresuchasmartchild.G.Theseareveryoldquestionsandtheanswerstothemarestillnotclear.参考答案：16．G17．E18．D19．B20．F三、阅读理解19.In1851,AugusteComte,theFrenchphilosopherandfatherofsociology,coinedthenewwordaltruismaspartofadrivetocreateanon-religiousreligionbasedonscientificprinciples.Hedefineditas“intentionalactionforthewelfareofothersthatinvolvesatleastthepossibilityofeithernobenefitoralosstotheactor”.Atthattime,studiesofanimalbehaviorandphrenology（颅相学）ledhimtolocateegotistical（自我本位的）instinctsatthebackofthebrain,altruisticonesatthefront.Today,wehaveafarmoresophisticatedknowledgeoftheneurological（神经学的）andbiochemicalfactorsthatunderpinkindbehavior.Andthisscienceformsthebasesoftwobooksaimedatgeneralreaders—butalsoatthosewho,despitetheresearch,stilldoubttheexistenceofaltruism.However,thebooksmayendupprovidingmoreinformationforthosewhoaredoubtful.TakeTheAltruisticBrainbyneuroscientistDonaldPfaff.Onsolidscientificground,hebuildsafive-steptheoryofhowaltruismoccurs,whichdependsonanideathatisunconvincingandmayachievetheoppositeresult.Pfaffarguesthattoactaltruisticallyyoushouldfirstvisualizethereceiverofyourgoodwill,thenmentallytransformtheirimageintoyourown,“fromangletoangleandcurvetocurve”.Doesitreallywork?AtthecoreofevolutionarybiologistDavidSloanWilson’sDoesAltruismExist?isanothercontentious（有争议的）idea:altruismhasevolvedastheresultofgroupselection.ButWilsonargueshiscornermasterfully,providingacleverreplytothebeliefthatnaturalselectionoccursonlyattheleveloftheselfishgene:“Selfishnessbeatsaltruismwithingroups.Altruisticgroupsbeatselfishgroups,”hesays.Inotherwords,wecooperatewhendoingsogivesourteamtheadvantage.Thatdoesn’tsoundveryselflesseither.Wilsonacknowledgesthis,butarguesthatthoughtsandfeelingsarelessimportantthanactions.Accordingtoevolutionarytheory,purealtruistsdoexist,butitdoesn’tmatterwhypeoplechoosetohelpothers—theirreasonsmaybedifficultevenforthemselvestounderstand.Whatmattersisthathumanscancoordinatetheiractivitiesinjusttherightwaytoachievecommongoals.Otheranimalsdothistoo,butwearemasters.“Teamworkisthesignatureadaptationofourspecies,”hesays.Pfaffgoesfurther,insistingthatourbrainbiology“urgesustobekind”.Hebelievesthisknowledgealonewillinspireindividualstobemorealtruistic.Hisdesiretocreateabetterworldisadmirableandsomeofhisideasareinteresting,butWilson’sanalysisisclearer.Whileitisinournaturetobealtruistic,Wilsonsays,wealsohaveahealthyregardforself-interestandaresistancetobeingpushedaround.Whichonecomestotheforedependsontheenvironmentinwhichwefindourselves.Ethics,hesays,cannotbetaughtatindividuallevel,butare“apropertyofthewholesystem”.90.WhichofthefollowingcanbeconsideredanaltruisticbehaviouraccordingtoComte’sdefinition?A.Apersonofferstodonatehislivertoanotherwhoneedsone.B.Aclerkreturnstheumbrellatohiscolleaguewhichhehaskeptforalongtime.C.Astudentvolunteerstoworkintheorphanagetocollectdataforhisresearch.D.Apoliceofficerspotsacarparkingintheno-parkingarea,findingachildinthetrunk.91.WhatdoesDonaldPfaffthinkpeopleshou