2024届山西省省际学校高三下学期一模考试英语试题（含答案解析）

试题类型：A秘密★启用前英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在试卷和答题卡指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案用0.5mm的黑色笔迹签字笔写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Howmuchwillthewomanpayifshebuystwoskirts?A.$46.B.$48.C.$50.2.Whyisthewomanlate?A.Owingtowalkingslowly.B.Duetotheheavytraffic.C.Becauseofcaraccident.3.Howwillthewomantravel?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Byplane.4.Whatistheman’ssuggestion?A.Goingtoagym.B.Doingsit-ups.C.Takingupjogging.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aband.B.Ashop.C.AT-shirt.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whichonechallengedtheman?A.Thefirstone.B.Thefirsttwo.C.Thelasttwo.7.Whatmightbetherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Families.B.Classmates.C.Colleagues.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whenwillthemanreturnthebook?A.OnMonday.B.Thismorning.C.Thisweekend.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthebook?A.Interesting.B.Silly.C.Amazing.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.WhereisthemanonMay7?A.InBangalore.B.InMumbai.C.InDelhi.11.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.HavearestinDelhi.B.PayavisittoDelhi.C.StartaprojectinDelhi.12.Whendoesthemanhavemeetings?A.OnMay6.B.OnMay7.C.OnMay8.13.Whatistheman’sschedulelike?A.Itisbusy.B.Itislight.C.Itisdisorganized.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Inacar.C.Onthestreet.15.Whydidthemanleavehisfirstjob?A.Theschedulewasn’tsuitableforhim.B.Theworkplacewasunreasonable.C.Themanagerwasdissatisfiedwithhim.16.WhohasahouseatBigBear?A.Thewoman.B.Theman’scousin.C.Thewoman’scousin.17.Whatwillthemandotomorrow?A.Givethewomanaride.B.Tellthewomanhisdecision.C.Gosnowboardingwiththewoman.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthedestinationoftoday’shike?A.SummitLake.B.Forest.C.Largefield.19.Whatwillthegroupusetocrosstheriver?A.Bridge.B.Ropeswing.C.Logorapieceofwood.20.HowlongwillthegrouphaveforlunchandrelaxationatSummitLake?A.30minutes.B.1hour.C.1.5hours.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheworld’smostbrilliantmuseumsprovidetheirvisitorsanawesomeexperienceofobservingthegreatestworksofartcloseup,whilesafeguardingtheirimpressivecollectionsforfuturegenerations.THEVATICANMUSEUMS,VATICANCITY,ITALYWhileVaticanCityishometotheRomanCatholicChurch’sgoverningbodyanditshead,thepope(教皇),thissmallsovereigncity-state(主权城市国家)withinRomeoffersawealthofculturalattractionsopentovisitorsofanyfaith.Amust-visitistheVaticanMuseums,showcasingmasterpiecesfromtheCatholicChurch’sextensivecollection,includingrenownedRomansculpturesandvitalworksofRenaissanceart.Highlights:famousforitsbeautifulceilingpaintedbyMichelangelo.THEBRITISHMUSEUM,LONDON,UNITEDKINGDOMTheBritishMuseumwasthefirstnationalmuseumtocoverallfieldsofhumanknowledge.Noothermuseumisresponsibleforcollectionsofthesamedepthandsignificance.Itseightmillionobjectsallowustoexploretheextraordinarydiversityofhumancultures.Highlights:theworld’ssecondfinestcollectionofEgyptianantiquities(古物)outsideEgypt.THEMETROPOLITANMUSEUMOFART,NEWYORK,USA“TheMet”isthelargestartmuseumintheUnitedStates.Presentingover5,000yearsofartfromaroundtheworldforeveryonetoexperienceandenjoy,theMetisalwayseagertobemorethanatreasuryofrareandbeautifulobjects.Highlights:itsEuropeansculpturesandAmericanpaintings.THESMITHSONIANINSTITUTION,WASHINGTONDC,USATheSmithsonianInstitutionistheworld’slargestmuseum,education,andresearchcomplex,with19museumsandtheNationalZoo.TheInstitutionwasfoundedin1846withfundsfromtheEnglishmanJamesSmithson(1765-1829)accordingtohiswishes“underthenameoftheSmithsonianInstitution,anestablishmentfortheincreaseofknowledge.”Highlights:theApollo11commandmoduleisonthebucketlistofmostvisitors.1.WhatisanotablefeatureoftheVaticanMuseums?A.Largestartmuseumintheworld.B.Firstnationalmuseumintheworld.C.FamousforitsMichelangelo-paintedceiling.D.Storingtheworld’sfinestcollectionofAmericanpaintings.2.WhatisspecialaboutTheMetropolitanMuseumofArt?A.Romansculptures. B.Egyptianantiquities.C.TheApollo11commandmodule. D.EuropeansculpturesandAmericanpaintings.3.WhywasTheSmithsonianInstitutionfounded?A.TohouseavastcollectionofEuropeansculptures.B.TorivaltheVaticanMuseumsinculturalsignificance.C.Toprotecttheworld’slargestcollectionofEgyptianantiquities.D.TofulfillthewishesofJamesSmithsonfortheincreaseofknowledge.【答案】1C2.D3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了世界上一些非常杰出的博物馆，它们不仅为游客提供欣赏艺术杰作的绝佳体验，同时也在保护这些令人印象深刻的收藏品，为后代留下宝贵的文化遗产。其中提到的博物馆包括梵蒂冈博物馆、大英博物馆、大都会艺术博物馆和史密森尼学会。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据THEVATICANMUSEUMS,VATICANCITY,ITALY中的“Highlights:famousforitsbeautifulceilingpaintedbyMichelangelo.(亮点：以米开朗基罗绘制的美丽天花板而闻名)”可知，梵蒂冈博物馆以米开朗基罗绘制的美丽天花板而闻名。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据THEMETROPOLITANMUSEUMOFART,NEWYORK,USA中的“Highlights:itsEuropeansculpturesandAmericanpaintings.(亮点：欧洲雕塑和美国绘画)”可知，大都会艺术博物馆以欧洲雕塑和美国绘画为主。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据THESMITHSONIANINSTITUTION,WASHINGTONDC,USA中的“TheInstitutionwasfoundedin1846withfundsfromtheEnglishmanJamesSmithson(1765-1829)accordingtohiswishes“underthenameoftheSmithsonianInstitution,anestablishmentfortheincreaseofknowledge.”(1846年，英国人詹姆斯·史密森(1765-1829)根据自己的意愿，出资成立了史密森学会，并将其命名为“史密森学会”，这是一个为增加知识而设立的机构。)”可知，史密森尼学会是为了实现詹姆斯·史密森的遗愿，即“以史密森尼学会的名义建立一个增进知识的机构”而成立的。故选D。BAweekaftermymother’spassing,Ifoundmyselfpuzzledwithhowtogoonwithlife.Whenafriendemailedmeaboutaracesupportingcancerresearch,Iinitiallyignoredit.Itseemedtooclosetotheheart,ascancerwastheverydiseasethathadtakenmymotherawayfromme.Butsomethingaboutmyfriend’swords—“Icanhelporganizethewholething”—stuckwithme.IfeltIoughttoagree.Intheweeksthatfollowed,Igraduallyre-enteredtheworldoftheliving.Monitoringourteam’swebsitebecameadailyroutine,andwitheachdonation,asenseofpridewelledupinme.Iknewmymomwouldhavewanteditthatway.Shewasthetypewhonevergotdefeated.Itwasthisveryspiritthathelpedmegetby.Whentheraceended,Inoticedtherunnersallhadonethingincommon:Therewerebigsmilesontheirfaces.Theymadeitlooksorewardingandeffortless.Iwantedin.SoIenrolled(报名)inanotherracetwomonthslater.ConsideringIcouldbarelyrunamile,itwastrulychallenging.ButmyfriendandImadeatrainingplansoIwouldn’tcomeinlast.Ifolloweditseriouslyanddidn’tletanythinggetinmyway.Runningupanddownthecity’shills,Iwasfloodedwithmemories.Ihadlivedthereaftercollegeandmymotherhadvisitedoften.IpassedBloomingdale’s,recallingthetimesheandIhadgottenintoascreamingargumentthere.IwasabouttobeatmyselfupwhenIrememberedwhatMomhadsaidafterherdiagnosis(诊断)ofcancer.”Idon’twantyoutofeelguiltyaboutanything.”Herpaper-thinhandshadheldmetightly.Aweightliftedfrommyshoulders.Whentheracedayarrived,Igaveitmyallformymomandforallshehadtaughtmeandcontinuedtoteachme.AsIran,wheneverIfeltlikeslowingdown,Ipicturedhercheeringmeon.Crossingthefinishline,Ifeltenvelopedinherloveandaprofoundsenseofpeace.4.Whatinitiallymadetheauthorhesitanttoparticipateintherace?A.Abusyschedule. B.Limitedrunningabilities.C.Thelossofhermother. D.Lackofinterestinrunning.5.Whateventuallymotivatedtheauthortojoininanotherrace?A.Thepromiseofwinningtherace. B.Theencouragementoffamilymembers.C.Thedesiretoprovetheirathleticism. D.Thebigsmilesontherunners’faces.6.Whatsignificancedidthecity’shillsholdfortheauthorinthetraining?A.Areminderofcollegelife. B.Memoriesassociatedwithhermother.C.Aplaceofcommunication. D.Achallengingrunningplace.7.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorrecoverfromhermom’sdeath?A.Thecompanyofherfriends. B.Theinspirationfromhermom.C.Thepleasureingoingforarun. D.Thesuccessinorganizinganevent.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在母亲去世后通过朋友的鼓励参与支持癌症研究的比赛，通过组织活动和参与跑步，从母亲那里得到的鼓励帮助作者从失去母亲的悲痛中恢复过来，重拾生活的信心。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Whenafriendemailedmeaboutaracesupportingcancerresearch,Iinitiallyignoredit.Itseemedtooclosetotheheart,ascancerwastheverydiseasethathadtakenmymotherawayfromme.(当一个朋友给我发邮件说有一场支持癌症研究的比赛时，我一开始没有理会。这似乎太贴近我的内心了，因为癌症正是使我母亲离开我的疾病)”可知，因为作者失去了母亲，最初对参加比赛犹豫不决。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whentheraceended,Inoticedtherunnersallhadonethingincommon:Therewerebigsmilesontheirfaces.Theymadeitlooksorewardingandeffortless.Iwantedin.(当比赛结束时，我注意到参赛者都有一个共同点：他们脸上都洋溢着灿烂的笑容。他们让比赛看起来很有收获，而且毫不费力。我想加入)”可知，是运动员脸上灿烂的笑容最终促使作者加入另一场比赛。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Runningupanddownthecity’shills,Iwasfloodedwithmemories.Ihadlivedthereaftercollegeandmymotherhadvisitedoften.(在这座城市的山丘上跑上跑下，我被回忆淹没了。大学毕业后我一直住在那里，我母亲经常来看我)”可知，在训练中，城市的山丘使作者经常回忆起母亲。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Whentheracedayarrived,Igaveitmyallformymomandforallshehadtaughtmeandcontinuedtoteachme.AsIran,wheneverIfeltlikeslowingdown,Ipicturedhercheeringmeon.(当比赛日到来的时候，我为我的妈妈付出了我的一切，为了她教给我的一切，也为了她继续教给我的一切。当我跑步的时候，每当我想慢下来的时候，我就会想象她为我加油)”和最后一段“Crossingthefinishline,Ifeltenvelopedinherloveandaprofoundsenseofpeace.(冲过终点线时，我感到被她的爱和深深的平静所包围)”可知，是从母亲那里得到的鼓励帮助作者从失去母亲的悲痛中恢复过来。故选B项。CSCOTTSDALE,Ariz.(AP)-AnArizonaaquarium(水族馆)isjoyfullycelebratingthesuccessfulhatchingofthreeendangeredAfricanpenguinchicks,emphasizingthetinyadditionsaregeneticallyvaluableaszoosandaquariumsworldwideworktoensurethespecies’survivalthroughbreeding(培育)programsandconservationefforts.TheannouncementwasmadebyofficialsatOdySeaAquariumonFriday,accompaniedbyadelightfulvideoshowcasingthecutebirds.Hatchedafewweeksago,thechickswillremainbehindthesceneswiththeirparentsuntilthey’rereadyforapublicappearance.Africanpenguinshavefacedasignificantpopulationdeclineoverthedecades,earningthemendangeredstatusfromtheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.JessicaPeranteau,directorofanimaltrainingandeducationattheaquarium,expressedthatanysuccessfulhatchingisacauseforcelebration.“AsthepopulationoftheAfricanpenguincontinuestorapidlydecline-down23%inthepasttwoyearsalone-OdySeaAquariumremainscommittedtothesurvivalofthespeciesinpartnershipwiththeAssociationofZoosandAquariums,”statedPeranteau.Thebreedingprogramestablishedbytheassociationaimstobuildupageneticpoolforthespecies.OfficialssaytwoofthethreenewchicksinScottsdalewereborntoparentsMojoandLemieux-apowercoupleofsortsthatwasselectedforpairingaspartofthebreedingprogram.Thethirdchickwasborntofirst-timeparentsBubblesandWeasley.Aquariumworkerswillregularlyconduct“chickchecks,”briefexamstomonitortheirgrowthanddevelopmentandensuretheyarehittingallnecessarymilestones.Thethreechickshaveyettobenamed,andtheirsexhasnotyetbeendetermined.Fornowthey’reknownbytheirnumbers,42,43and44.Inall,OdySeaAquariumnowhouses40Africanpenguinsandhasrecorded13successfulhatchings.TheaquariumbillsitselfasthelargestintheSouthwest.8.WhyisthehatchingofAfricanpenguinchicksacauseforcelebration?A.Toholdsignificantgeneticvalue. B.TopromotetourisminScottsdale.C.Tomeetthedemandsofthepublic. D.Toboostthepopulationofseaanimals.9.Whatisthegoalofthebreedingprograminthetext?A.Establishingagenebankforthespecies. B.Conductingresearchonpenguinbehavior.C.Improvingnewaquariumfacilities. D.PromotingAfricanpenguintourism.10.Whatinformationisprovidedaboutthethreepenguinchicks?A.Theysharethesameparents. B.Theirgenderremainsunidentified.C.Theyarehitregularlywithstones. D.Theirgrowthisnotcloselymonitored.11.Whatisthetext?A.TechnologyReview. B.EntertainmentFeature.C.SpeciesProtectionReport. D.ZoologicalExhibitionNotice.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道亚利桑那水族馆庆祝濒危非洲企鹅雏鸟成功孵化。这些基因宝贵的雏鸟通过协会的繁育计划为物种生存作出贡献。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“SCOTTSDALE,Ariz.(AP)-AnArizonaaquarium(水族馆)isjoyfullycelebratingthesuccessfulhatchingofthreeendangeredAfricanpenguinchicks,emphasizingthetinyadditionsaregeneticallyvaluableaszoosandaquariumsworldwideworktoensurethespecies’survivalthroughbreeding(培育)programsandconservationefforts.(亚利桑那州斯科茨代尔(美联社)——亚利桑那州的一家水族馆正在庆祝三只濒临灭绝的非洲企鹅幼崽的成功孵化，并强调说，世界各地的动物园和水族馆都在努力通过繁殖计划和保护工作来确保该物种的生存，这些微小的增加具有遗传价值。)”可知，非洲企鹅幼崽的孵化值得庆祝是因为具有重要的遗传价值。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thebreedingprogramestablishedbytheassociationaimstobuildupageneticpoolforthespecies.(该协会制定的育种计划旨在为该物种建立一个基因库。)”可知，美国动物园和水族馆协会建立的繁育计划的目标是为非洲企鹅建立一个强大的基因库，以提高该物种的基因多样性。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thethreechickshaveyettobenamed,andtheirsexhasnotyetbeendetermined.(这三只小企鹅还没有被命名，它们的性别也还没有确定。)”可知，这三只小企鹅性别尚未确定，而它们的生长和发育情况受到密切监测。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。细节理解题。根据第一段“SCOTTSDALE,Ariz.(AP)-AnArizonaaquarium(水族馆)isjoyfullycelebratingthesuccessfulhatchingofthreeendangeredAfricanpenguinchicks,emphasizingthetinyadditionsaregeneticallyvaluableaszoosandaquariumsworldwideworktoensurethespecies’survivalthroughbreeding(培育)programsandconservationefforts.(亚利桑那州斯科茨代尔(美联社)——亚利桑那州的一家水族馆正在庆祝三只濒临灭绝的非洲企鹅幼崽的成功孵化，并强调说，世界各地的动物园和水族馆都在努力通过繁殖计划和保护工作来确保该物种的生存，这些微小的增加具有遗传价值。)”可知，文章强调了水族馆庆祝三只濒临灭绝的非洲企鹅孵化成功，强调了这些小企鹅的遗传价值，以及全球动物园和水族馆通过培育计划和保护工作确保物种生存的努力。这种强调保护、濒危物种和遗传价值的表达方式更符合“SpeciesProtectionReport(物种保护报道)”的体裁。故选C。DAnewresearchfromtheUniversityofMichiganstated,“Peopletendtohaveoneofthreebeliefsaboutthemeaningofworkandwhichcategoryyoufallintolargelydependsonyourparents.”Workerswhoarejob-oriented(有工作倾向的)arethosejusttryingtomakealivingwhomuchprefertheactivitiestheypursueoutsideoftheoffice.Career-orientedadultsvaluethesocialstatusandfamethatcomeswithprofessionalachievement.Calling-orientedpeopledoworkthattheyarepassionateaboutbecausetheywanttohaveapositiveimpactontheworld.Inthefirststudyintohowtheseorientationsoriginate,researchersfoundthathowteenagersperceivetheirparents’workhabitiscentraltothedevelopmentoftheirownworkattitudes.It’snotastraightforwardtransferofvalues.Peoplewhoperceivetheirfathertohaveastrongcareer-orientationaremorelikelytobecareer-orientedthemselves-butcareer-determinedmothershavenoeffectontheirkids’workorientation.Theresearchersowedthistogenerationalgendernorms.Whenthestudy’sparticipantswereteenagers,mostlyinthe1980s,menweremorecommonlyemployedoutsideofthehomeandweremorelikelythanwomentohold“career”jobswithopportunityforadvancement.Mothersdohaveanotableeffectonwhetherchildrenhaveajob-orientationmentality.Teenagerswhoareclosetotheirmothersarelesslikelytoviewworkasjustajobwhentheygrowup,probablybecausethey’vebeenraisedtovaluesocial,ratherthaninstrumentallifeexperiences.Havingbothparentsdisplaythesameworkethic(行为准则)hasastronginfluence,butonlyinthecaseofcalling-orientedoffspring(子女).Asthesocietynowadaysfavorsmoneyandprofessionalachievement,achildwithtwocalling-orientedparentsismorelikelytohavetheconfidencetoignorethesesocietalpressuresandpursueherdreams.Childrencanaffecttheirparents’workethic,too.Allowingpeopletobringtheirchildrenintotheofficehasbeenshowntoboostefficiencyandproductivityandcouldhelpraisethatnextgenerationofcareer-orientedworkers.12.Whatmotivatescalling-orientedpeopletodoworktheylike?A.Toachievesocialstatusandfame. B.Topursueactivitiesoutsidetheoffice.C.Tobelievetheycanearnthemmuchmoney. D.Tomakeapositivecontributiontotheworld.13.Whatiscrucialinshapingtheworkattitudesofteenagers?A.Peerpressure. B.Personalpreferences.C.Educationalbackground. D.Awarenessofparents’workhabits.14.Whyarechildrenclosetomotherslesslikelytobejob-oriented?A.Becausemothersvaluesociallifeexperiences.B.Becausemothersfocusoninstrumentallifeexperiences.C.Becausemotherstendtohaveastrongercareerorientation.D.Becausemothersemphasizetheimportanceofworkasjustajob.15.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Theinfluenceofsocietalpressuresonworkbeliefs.B.Thepreferencesofworkersindifferentoccupations.C.Theimpactofparentalworkhabitsonteenagers’attitudes.D.Therelationshipbetweenmoneyandprofessionalachievement.【答案】12.D13.D14.A15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，从三个不同的工作导向说明人们对工作意义的看法很大程度上取决于父母，强调了父母工作习惯对青少年态度的影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Calling-orientedpeopledoworkthattheyarepassionateaboutbecausetheywanttohaveapositiveimpactontheworld.(使命导向型的人做他们热爱的工作，因为他们想对世界产生积极的影响。)”可知，对世界做出积极贡献激励使命取向型的人做他们喜欢的工作。故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Inthefirststudyintohowtheseorientationsoriginate,researchersfoundthathowteenagersperceivetheirparents’workhabitiscentraltothedevelopmentoftheirownworkattitudes.(在第一项关于这些导向如何产生的研究中，研究人员发现，青少年如何看待父母的工作习惯对他们自己的工作态度的发展至关重要。)”可知，在塑造青少年的工作态度方面，了解父母的工作习惯是至关重要的。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Teenagerswhoareclosetotheirmothersarelesslikelytoviewworkasjustajobwhentheygrowup,probablybecausethey’vebeenraisedtovaluesocial,ratherthaninstrumentallifeexperiences.(与母亲关系密切的青少年长大后不太可能将工作仅仅视为一份工作，这可能是因为他们在成长过程中受到的教育更重视社交，而不是工具性的生活经历。)”可知，因为母亲重视社交生活经验，所以离母亲近的孩子不太可能以工作为导向。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Peopletendtohaveoneofthreebeliefsaboutthemeaningofworkandwhichcategoryyoufallintolargelydependsonyourparents.(人们对工作的意义往往有三种看法，而你属于哪一类很大程度上取决于你的父母。)”可知，本文从三个不同的工作导向阐释了人们对工作意义的看法很大程度上取决于父母，强调了父母工作习惯对青少年态度的影响。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itisfrequentlysaidthatthebestcameraistheoneyoualreadyhavewithyou.Amazingly,thecamerasonmodernphonescantakekillerimageswithoutaprofessionalcamera.Butifyou’restrugglingtogetthequalityyouwant,tryafewofthesehelpfultips.PicktherighttimeofdayThereareavarietyoflightingoptionsthatchangethroughouttheday.____16____Anditisproperlynamedfortheyellowcolorthesuncasts.Thiswarmsanyscene.Ifyou’vebeenworkingduringgoldenhourandwanttotrysomethingnew,gooutduringthebluehour.Thisisthehourjustbeforesunriseorjustaftersunset.____17____Payattentiontolighting____18____Whentakingpicturesofnature,payattentiontotheavailablelight.Howcanyouuseittocreateeye-catchingimages?Turnthesunpeakingthroughthetreesintoadramaticstarburstbysettingyourf/stoptof/22orabove.Lookforwayslightandshadowscreateexcitingpatternsonotherwiseflatbackgrounds.____19____Lookforsubjectswithnaturalmotionlikeawaterfall,stream,flowersinthewind,etc.,andsetyourshutterspeedsto20secondsormore.Itisvitaltohaveasmallsecuresupporttoensureyourcameraisasperfectlystillaspossibleduringtheshot.PhotoeditingappsDon’tlimityourphotostowhatyoucancapturestraightoutofcamera(SOOC).____20____.Lookatthebuilt-infilters(滤光器)thatcomewithyoursystem,ordownloadafreephotoeditingapptoaddupyourmasterpieces.Byusingallthesetechniques,youshouldbeabletocreateuniqueimagesthattakebrilliantphotos.A.LongexposureB.ConsidercompositionC.TrytohaveaccesstomanycreativeappsD.YoucancontrolwhetherthebackgroundisinfocusE.PhotographyisoftenreferredtoaspaintingwithlightF.ItprovidesanattractivetoneforyoursubjectandsceneryG.Goldenhouristhehourjustaftersunriseorjustbeforesunset【答案】16.G17.F18.E19.A20.C【解析】【导语】本篇是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何用手机拍出令人惊叹照片的几个技巧。【16题详解】根据本段小标题“Picktherighttimeofday(选择合适的时间)”以及后句“Anditisproperlynamedfortheyellowcolorthesuncasts.(它因太阳投射的黄色而得名)”可知，太阳呈黄色的日光应为日出前或者日出后，所以选择项G“Goldenhouristhehourjustaftersunriseorjustbeforesunset(黄金时间是日出之后或日落之前的一小时)”符合上下文语境。故选G。【17题详解】根据第二段内容可知，黄金时间散发出温暖的光对拍照场景很重要，因此，本句应该承接上文体现黄金时间拍照的重要性，就是可以为你的主题和风景提供了一个有吸引力的基调，所以选择项F“Itprovidesanattractivetoneforyoursubjectandscenery(它为你的主体和景物提供了一种吸引人的色调)”符合上下文语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据小标题“Payattentiontolighting(注意光线)”可知，本段主要强调拍照要注意对光线的掌握，而E选择项“Photographyisoftenreferredtoaspaintingwithlight(摄影常被称为用光作画)”也阐述了光线对拍照的影响，与本段内容相吻合。故选E。【19题详解】根据主要内容以及下文“Lookforsubjectswithnaturalmotionlikeawaterfall,stream,flowersinthewind,etc.,andsetyourshutterspeedsto20secondsormore.(寻找自然运动的对象，如瀑布、溪流、风中花朵等，并将快门速度设置为20秒或更长时间)”可知，在拍一些运动的景物时，要将快门速度设置为20秒或更长时间，来确保拍摄的完美度，而Longexposure是指相机镜头打开时间较长的拍摄方式，用于捕捉运动模糊、光轨或其他特殊效果，所以选择项A“Longexposure(长时间曝光)”符合本段小标题。故选A。【20题详解】根据段落小标题“Photoeditingapps(照片编辑应用程序)”以及后文“Lookatthebuilt-infilters(滤光器)thatcomewithyoursystem,ordownloadafreephotoeditingapptoaddupyourmasterpieces.(看看你的系统自带的内置过滤器，或者下载一个免费的照片编辑应用程序来添加你的杰作)”可知，如果手机自带系统不好的话，可以下载一些图片编辑应用程序，通过这些技术帮助你创造出更美的照片，所以选择项C“Trytohaveaccesstomanycreativeapps(尝试使用许多有创意的应用程序)”符合上下文语境。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2019,WangJibing,afooddeliveryrider,hadan____21____experienceduetothewrongaddressleftbyacustomer.Wangsearchedthreebuildingsandclimbed18floorsbeforehefinallymanagedto____22____thefoodtothecustomer,whorudelyspoketoWang____23____arrivinglate.Astheprimarybreadwinnerforhisfamily,Wangsilently____24____financialresponsibilities,leadinghimtoexpresshis____25____throughpoetry.Wang’spoems,simpleyetreal,areseenasa/an____26____toprocesshisemotions,especiallythepersonal____27____hehasduringhiswork.Hisheartis____28____bywritingthepoems,andhehas____29____themwithhisfriends.In2022,oneofhisfriends____30____ManinaHurryonline.Itquicklybecamea____31____andwasviewedforover20milliontimes.Thesameyear,Wangpublisheda____32____ofmorethan180poems,underthesametitle.Sofar,Wanghaswrittenabout4,000poems.ThisApril,Wangpublishedhissecondpoetrycollection,titledILoveThisWorldClumsily,featuringabout130poemshehaswrittensinceJuly2022.Wangviewspoetryasbotha____33____fromstressandanopportunitytodocumentandunderstandhislife.Heexpressedgratitudefortheencouragementreceivedfromreadersbutremained____34____hisregularjobandfamilyresponsibilities,____35____thathispoetryspringsfromarealloveforlife’schallenges.21.A.unpleasant B.unclear C.unequal D.unreasonable22.A.apply B.turn C.reply D.deliver23.A.before B.by C.for D.in24.A.shouldered B.refused C.endured D.saved25.A.demands B.emotions C.wishes D.requirements26.A.job B.direction C.experiment D.tool27.A.judgements B.qualities C.ambitions D.experiences28.A.shocked B.comforted C.protected D.regretted29.A.copied B.shared C.recovered D.translated30.A.received B.searched C.posted D.downloaded31.A.hit B.start C.story D.center32.A.collection B.magazine C.excerpt D.biography33.A.skill B.partner C.shelter D.dream34.A.referredto B.missedout C.brushedaside D.focusedon35.A.promising B.highlighting C.assuming D.suspecting【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.A25.B26.D27.D28.B29.B30.C31.A32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了外卖员王计兵根据自己送外卖的日常经历创作诗歌，表达自己的真情实感，并在网上走红的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2019年，外卖骑手王计兵就因为顾客留下错误的地址而经历了一段不愉快的经历。A.unpleasant令人不快的；B.unclear不清楚的；C.unequal不平等的；D.unreasonable不合理的。根据后文“whorudelyspoketoWang”可知，王计兵因为顾客留下错误的地址而经历了一段不愉快的经历，顾客粗鲁指责他。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：王找了三栋楼，爬了18层才把食物送到顾客那里，顾客粗鲁地指责王迟到了。A.apply应用；B.turn转弯；C.reply回复；D.deliver递送。根据后文“thefoodtothecustomer”可知，此处指送餐到顾客那里，应用deliver。故选D。【23题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：王找了三栋楼，爬了18层才把食物送到顾客那里，顾客粗鲁地指责王迟到了。A.before在……之前；B.by借助；C.for为了；D.in在里面。后文“arrivinglate”是职责王的原因，应用for。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为家里的主要经济支柱，他默默地承担着经济责任，这让他通过诗歌来表达自己的情感。A.shouldered承担；B.refused拒绝；C.endured忍耐；D.saved挽救。根据上文“Astheprimarybreadwinnerforhisfamily”可知，此处指作为家里的主要经济支柱，他默默地承担着经济责任。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为家里的主要经济支柱，他默默地承担着经济责任，这让他通过诗歌来表达自己的情感。A.demands要求；B.emotions情感；C.wishes希望；D.requirements要求。根据后文“toprocesshisemotions”可知，他通过诗歌来表达自己的情感。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：王的诗歌简单而真实，被视为一种处理情感的工具，尤其是他在工作中的个人经历。A.job工作；B.direction方向；C.experiment实验；D.tool工具。根据后文“toprocesshisemotions”可知，诗歌成为了他表达自己情感的工具。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：王的诗歌简单而真实，被视为一种处理情感的工具，尤其是他在工作中的个人经历。A.judgements判断；B.qualities质量；C.ambitions抱负；D.experiences经历。根据后文“hehasduringhiswork”可知，王的诗歌内容包含了他工作中的个人经历。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的心在写诗的过程中得到了安慰，并与朋友们分享。A.shocked使震惊；B.comforted安慰；C.protected保护；D.regretted后悔。根据后文“bywritingthepoems”可知，王通过写诗来表达情感，因此他的心在写诗的过程中得到了安慰。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的心在写诗的过程中得到了安慰，并与朋友们分享。A.copied复制；B.shared分享；C.recovered恢复；D.translated翻译。后文“themwithhisfriends”中them指代诗歌，即和朋友分享他的诗歌。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2022年，他的一个朋友在网上发布了《匆匆的男人》。A.received收到；B.searched搜索；C.posted发布；D.downloaded下载。根据后文“wasviewedforover20milliontimes”可知，此处指在网上发布了他的诗歌，应用post。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该诗歌迅速走红，点击量超过2000万次。A.hit很受欢迎的人（或事物）；B.start开始；C.story故事；D.center中心。根据后文“wasviewedforover20milliontimes”可知，该诗歌迅速走红，点击量超过2000万次。固定短语becomeahit表示“大受欢迎”。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同年，王以同样的名字出版了180多首诗集。A.collection作品集；B.magazine杂志；C.excerpt摘录；D.biography传记。根据后文“ofmorethan180poems”可知，此处指他出版了自己的诗歌作品集，里面有180多首诗歌。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：王认为诗歌既是逃避压力庇护所，也是记录和理解自己生活的机会。A.skill技能；B.partner伙伴；C.shelter庇护所；D.dream梦想。根据后文“fromstress”可知，王认为诗歌既是逃避压力的庇护所。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他对来自读者的鼓励表示感谢，但仍然专注于他的日常工作和家庭责任，并强调他的诗歌源于对生活挑战的真正热爱。A.referredto参考；B.missedout错过；C.brushedaside不予理会；D.focusedon集中于。根据后文“hisregularjobandfamilyresponsibilities”可知，此处指王专注于日常工作和家庭责任。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对来自读者的鼓励表示感谢，但仍然专注于他的日常工作和家庭责任，并强调他的诗歌源于对生活挑战的真正