雅思英语1智慧树知到期末考试答案章节答案2024年嘉兴大学

雅思英语1智慧树知到期末考试答案+章节答案2024年嘉兴大学Howmanypassagesdoesreadingsectionconsistofandhowmanyquestionsarethetesttakersrequiredtocomplete?()

答案:3passageswith40questionsCinnamonisasweet,fragrantspiceproducedfromtheinnerbarkoftreesofthegenusCinnamomum,whichisnativetotheIndiansub-continent.whichistherightparaphraseofthehighlightedwordsinthesentence?

（

）

答案:whichoriginatesfrom下列哪项不是实现区间闭塞所依靠的凭证（）。

答案:进站信号机的开放Peonyisournationalflowerwhich（）prosperity.

答案:symbolizesItwasknowninbiblicaltimes,andismentionedinseveralbooksoftheBible,bothasaningredientthatwasmixedwithoilsforanointingpeople'sbodiesandalsoasatokenindicatingfriendshipamongloversandfriends.whichistherightparaphraseofthehighlightedwordsinthesentence？（

）

答案:asignofOnenegativeeffectofoverpopulationishowsomecountriessufferfromalackofbasic_______suchasfood.（）。

答案:necessitiesWhatdoesthewordroot“geo”mean?()

答案:earth(),Ivisitthemeveryweekendandwewillhavesomechatsandmealstogetherwhileformyauntsanduncleswhoarenotlivingfaraway,Itendtovisitthemonceamonth.

答案:AsformycloserelativeslikemygrandparentsDespitegettingbacktomynormallifeinthecity,Istillfindthetimespentinthecountrysidevery（）

答案:memorableIhavebeen_____allthechangesI'vebeenmakingtothesoftwareprogramsoyoucanseehowit'sdone.()

答案:documentingWhichofthefollowingsentencemeans“Theteacherishard-working”?（）

答案:"Theteacher",/saidthatstudent,/"ishard-working."/Thearchitectshadbeendrivenbythedesireforultimateflexibility,forabuilding

a.thatwouldnotlimitthemovementofitsusers.Allthedifferentpartswereapproached

b.throughthesameenormousentrancehall

andservedbythesameescalator,

c.whichwasfreetoanyonetoride,

d.whethertheywantedtovisitanexhibitionorjustadmiretheview.Withalltheservicesatoneendofthebuilding,escalatorsandliftsattheother,andthefloorshungongiantsteelbeams

e.providinguninterruptedspacethesizeoftwofootballpitches,theirdreamhadbecomeareality.Whichofthehighlightedpartsisparentheticalstructure（插入语）toincludemoreinformation？

（

）

答案:whichwasfreetoanyonetorideInasentence,functionwords,like“in”,“a”,“and”,“it”,areusuallystressed.（）

答案:错“Y”inthewordcryisavowel.（）

答案:对Tosayawordinanoverlydramaticwayisthebestwaytotellwhichsyllableisstressedintheword.（）

答案:对WhenansweringPartIIIquestions,you’realwayssupposedtostateyouropinionseventhoughtheexaminersmightnotdirectlyaskyoutodoso.（

）

答案:对Linkingoccursmostlywhenwordsendingwithavowelorconsonantsoundarefollowedbywordsthatbeginwithaconsonantsound.（）

答案:错Whatdoestheprefix“ob-”mean?()

答案:againstMapisusuallyusedtoemphasizethecomparisonbetweenobjects.（）

答案:错Inmosteconomicallydevelopedcountriestheelderlywillhavetomakespecialprovisionfortheirhealth-careinthefuture.
(

)

答案:NOTGIVENOECDgovernmentshaveconsistentlyunderestimatedthelevelofhealth-careprovisionneeded.(

)

答案:NOTGIVENInOECDcountriespopulationchangeshavehadanimpactonhealth-carecostsinrecentyears.(

)

答案:YESHealth-carecametobeseenasarightataboutthesametimethatthelimitsofhealthcareresourcesbecameevident.


(

)

答案:YESPersonallibertyandindependencehaveneverbeenregardedasdirectlylinkedtohealth-care.
（

）

答案:NO以下选项中表示“上升”含义的词是（）。

答案:surge###ascend###soar以下选项中表示“稳定”含义的词或词组是（）。

答案:keepconstant###stabilize以下选项中表示“下降”含义的词是（）。

答案:descend###plummetCarshavebecomemore_______fortheaverageconsumersandtheyarenolongeraluxuryitem,butsomethingthatmostfamiliesexpecttoown.（）。

答案:affordableWhichisNOTausefultipofimprovingEnglishspellings?（）

答案:UseMnemoniconlyParentsoughttoprovide（）onhowtobudgettheirchildren’smoney.

答案:instructionsIwaspassionate（）EnglishandIhadneverdozedoffonEnglishclasses.

答案:aboutInmanycities,owingacarcouldcauseyoutogetstuckinthetrafficjambecausecarsarenotas（）asmotorbikes.

答案:moveableHowmanyitemsintotalarethereinoneIELTSlisteningtest?（）

答案:40Yourchancesoffindingajobwillimprove_____ifyoucanimproveyourcomputerskills.()

答案:considerablyInwhichofthefollowingwordisletter“g”pronounceddifferentlyfromtheotherthree?（）

答案:gemWhichofthefollowingisabetteranswertothequestion:whatsportdoyoulike?（）

答案:Ipreferbasketballbecauseitisasportthatnotonlyhelpstobuildupmybodybutmoreimportantlyteachesmetheimportanceofteamwork.InIELTSacademicwriting,introductionisnotimportant,soitisnotnecessarytoparaphrasethequestion.（）

答案:错DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage?TRUE

ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationFALSE

ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationNOTGIVEN

ifthereisnoinformationonthisGirlsaremorelikelythanboystoholdmistakenviewsabouttherainforests’destruction.(

)

答案:NOTGIVENDothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage?TRUE

ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationFALSE

ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationNOTGIVEN

ifthereisnoinformationonthisThestudyinvolvedaskingchildrenanumberofyes/noquestionssuchas‘ArethereanyrainforestsinAfrica?’(

)

答案:FALSEDothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage?TRUE

ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationFALSE

ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationNOTGIVEN

ifthereisnoinformationonthisThefactthatchildren’sideasaboutscienceformpartofalargerframeworkofideasmeanthatitiseasiertochangethem.（

）

答案:TRUEAccordingtothepassage,whatislikelytohappenforthechildren?（

）

答案:childrenwilldevelopideasaboutrainforeststhroughpopularmedia.WhatareAdultsandchildrenfrequentlyconfrontedwith（

）

答案:statementsaboutthespeedoflossoftropicalrainforests.Itseemsmanifestlyunfairthatifanadultanda(n)_______commitacrime,thentheyoungergetsmorelenientpunishmentsdespitethembothbeingguiltyofthesamecrime.（）。

答案:adolescentCanada'ssmallpopulationisquite（

）toitsgreatlandmass.

答案:disproportionateThearchitectshadbeendrivenbythedesireforultimateflexibility,forabuilding

a.thatwouldnotlimitthemovementofitsusers.Allthedifferentpartswereapproached

b.throughthesameenormousentrancehall

andservedbythesameescalator,

c.whichwasfreetoanyonetoride,

d.whethertheywantedtovisitanexhibitionorjustadmiretheview.Withalltheservicesatoneendofthebuilding,escalatorsandliftsattheother,andthefloorshungongiantsteelbeams

e.providinguninterruptedspacethesizeoftwofootballpitches,theirdreamhadbecomeareality.whichofthehighlightedpartsisprepositionalphrase（介词短语）?

（

）

答案:throughthesameenormousentrancehallWhichofthefollowingsentenceisasimplesentence?（）

答案:MaryandSamanthaarrivedatthebusstationearlybutwaiteduntilnoonforthebus.Thearchitectshadbeendrivenbythedesireforultimateflexibility,forabuildinga.thatwouldnotlimitthemovementofitsusers.Allthedifferentpartswereapproachedb.throughthesameenormousentrancehallandservedbythesameescalator,c.whichwasfreetoanyonetoride,d.whethertheywantedtovisitanexhibitionorjustadmiretheview.Withalltheservicesatoneendofthebuilding,escalatorsandliftsattheother,andthefloorshungongiantsteelbeamse.providinguninterruptedspacethesizeoftwofootballpitches,theirdreamhadbecomeareality.whichofthehighlightedpartsisadverbialclause(状语从句)?(

)

答案:whethertheywantedtovisitanexhibitionorjustadmiretheviewWhichofthefollowstatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothevideolecture?（）

答案:Likelisteningmodule,inreadingmodule,thereisalsotimefortransferringanswersfromtestpapertoanswersheet.Cliffisthecorrectspellingof“悬崖”。（）

答案:对Paraphrasingisveryuncommonindailyutterances.（）

答案:错Tosupportyouropinion,youcanalsousecommonsenselanguage,generalstatistics,orexpertandopinionsinyourspeaking,like（）

答案:It’scommonknowledgethatfastfoodcancauseobesity.###AccordingtowhatIreadinthenewspaperlastweek,…###Therearehundredsofwaysthatfastfoodcankillyou.###Everyoneknowsthatfastfoodisunhealthy.Whichofthefollowingsignpostingwordsorphrasesyoucanusetostartanoverview?（）

答案:itisevidentthat###ingeneral###overallInanoverviewyoushouldfocusonthespecificdetailsinthegraph.（）

答案:错以下选项中表示“变化程度很大”含义的副词是（）。

答案:substantially###drasticallyTwoofmycousins（）totheUnitedStatesin2010butnowarebackanddoingbusinessinChina.

答案:emigratedAccordingtovideolecture1.2.1,thefollowingstatementsarealltrueEXCEPT()

答案:UseanEnglishtoChinesedictionary以下不属于雅思小作文考查图形的是（）。

答案:spider-gramIntheMiddleAges,Europeanswhocouldaffordthespiceusedittoflavourfood,particularlymeat,andtoimpressthosearoundthemwiththeirabilitytopurchaseanexpensivecondimentfromthe'exotic'East.whichistherightparaphraseofthehighlightedwordsinthesentence?（

）

答案:leaveamarkonWhichofthefollowingsentenceisacomplexsentence?（）

答案:MaryandSamantharealizedthatJoewaswaitingatthetrainstationaftertheyleftonthebus.InancientRome,mournersattendingfuneralsburntcinnamontocreateapleasantscent.Mostoften,however,thespicefounditsprimaryuseasanadditivetofoodanddrink.whichistherightparaphraseofthehighlightedwordsinthesentence?（

）

答案:asweetsmellTolinksmoothlyfromonevowelsoundtoanothervowelsound,a“y”or“w”soundcanbeaddedbetweentwovowels,like“gowout”.（）

答案:对Itmustberedbecausethecolorredisalways（）with“happinessandgoodfortune”inChina.

答案:associatedWhenaone-syllablewordhasavowelinthemiddle,thevowelusuallyhasashortvowelsound,like“a”inthewordbat.（）

答案:对Usingbothsimpleandcomplexsentencesisimportantforyoutogetaband6inwriting。（）

答案:对HowmanyquestiontypesarethereinIELTSacademicwritingtask1?（）

答案:sevenBy_______fastfoodadvertising,governmentshelptosafeguardthephysicalwell-beingofthenextgeneration.（）。

答案:regulatingIntoday’smaterialworld,weare_______withvariousformsofadvertising.（）。

答案:inundatedIfsomethingisnotexactlyred,（）isbetterfordescription.

答案:reddishMyownpersonalpointofviewisthatthereis_______inbothsidesofthedebateandthatallchildrenshouldstudysomeIT,artmusicandsportatleastatprimaryschool.（）。

答案:meritAnykindofanimalexploitation,forexampleimprisonment,castrationandlaboratorytests,is_______tocruelty.（）。

答案:tantamount-Doesfastfoodhaveanypositiveeffectonsociety?-Yes,itdoes.Oneofthe（）offastfoodisthatitisveryconvenient.

答案:advantagesWhichisabetterwaywhenyousuddenlyencounterablockinexpressingyourself?()

答案:UsingappropriatespeechfillerssoastohavemoretimetoorganizeyouranswerWhatdoestheprefix“bene-”mean?()

答案:goodIfpeoplearen’twillingtobeagoodlistenerandtryto（），thenIwillbeeasytolosemypatience.

答案:cutmeoffA

fundamental

questioninageingresearchiswhetherhumansandotherspeciespossessan

immutable

life-spanlimit.Atheoreticalstudysuggestedthemaximumhumanlifespantobearound125years.Thelongest-livingpersonwhosedatesofbirthanddeathwereverifiedtothemodernnorms

ofGuinnessWorldRecordsandtheGerontologyResearchGroupwasJeanneCalment,aFrenchladywholivedto122.Reductionofinfantmortalityhasaccountedformostoftheincreasedaveragelifespan

longevity,butsincethe1960s,mortalityratesamongthoseover80yearshavedecreasedbyabout1.5%peryear.Theprogressbeingmadeinlengtheninglifespansandpostponing

senescence

isentirelyduetomedicalandpublic-healthefforts,risingstandardsofliving,bettereducation,healthiernutritionandmore

salubrious

lifestyles.Matchthewordunderlinedinthepassagewithitssynonymgiveninthechoicesfundamental

（

）

答案:centralWhileitmaynotbepossibletofindacompletesolution,anyactionshouldprobably_______encouraginggreateruseofpublictransportandmakingitmoreexpensiveforthemotoristtodriveinurbanareas.（）。

答案:involveWhichwordbeginswithaconsonantsoundeventhoughthefirstwrittenletterisavowel?（）

答案:universeWhatdoesthewordroot“ject”mean?()

答案:throwDenmarkwasoneofthefirstcountriesintheworldtointroducestatesocialwelfare()

答案:schemesThearchitectshadbeendrivenbythedesireforultimateflexibility,forabuilding

a.thatwouldnotlimitthemovementofitsusers.Allthedifferentpartswereapproached

b.throughthesameenormousentrancehall

andservedbythesameescalator,

c.whichwasfreetoanyonetoride,

d.whethertheywantedtovisitanexhibitionorjustadmiretheview.Withalltheservicesatoneendofthebuilding,escalatorsandliftsattheother,andthefloorshungongiantsteelbeams

e.providinguninterruptedspacethesizeoftwofootballpitches,theirdreamhadbecomeareality.Whichofthehighlightedpartsisattributiveclause（定语从句）?（

）

答案:thatwouldnotlimitthemovementofitsusersIloveitnotonlybecauseofthetoycaritself,butalsothe（）valueithastome.

答案:sentimentalWhatquestionsmaytheexamineraskforPartIIIspeaking?（）

答案:Whydofriendshipsbreakup?Mentendtodosomestrenuoussportslikefootballorbasketball;（）,womenaremorelikelytobeinterestedinaerobicexerciseslikeyoga.

答案:howeverIfwedestroyedtheseareas,thecostsofmanagingtheresultingchangestoourplanetwouldfar_______thecostsofconservation.（）。

答案:outweighMostitemsinIELTSlisteningtestistoteststudents’abilitytounderstanddetailedinformation.（（））

答案:对Speakerssometimespauseinthemiddleofsensegroups.（）

答案:错Photoesisthecorrectpluralformof“photo”.（）

答案:错MnemonicistoorigidatooltohelpmemorizeEnglishwords.（）

答案:错InEnglishgrammar,aprepositionalphrasemodifiesanadjectiveinasentence。（）

答案:错Whichofthefollowingisnotappropriateforthefourmarkingcriteria?()

答案:Thoughallthefourcriteriaareequallyimportant,itisfluencyandcoherencethatwilldecidetheperformanceofacandidate.Whichofthefollowingisnotaconsonantdigraph?（）

答案:spRecognizingIntonationcanhelpunderstandthespeaker’sfeelingsandopinions.（）

答案:对Multiplechoiceisonlytoteststudents’abilityofunderstandingoverallinformation.（）

答案:错Whenspeaking,wecanoftenlinkawordwithanotherwordthatisdirectlybeforeorafterit.（）

答案:对WhattipscanwefollowtoachieveahigherscoreinpartIIIspeaking?（

）

答案:Listenforthekeywordsofquestions.###Useyourfriends’experiences,real-lifeexamplesorevenmakethemup.###Believeyoucandowell.InIELTSlisteningtest,youcanuseyourownwordstocompletetheanswer.（）

答案:错DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeviewsofthewriterinReadingPassage?YES

ifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriterNO

ifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriterNOTGIVEN

ifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthisThe1990surveyrelatedto550,000consultationswithalternativetherapists.(

)

答案:YESDothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeviewsofthewriterinReadingPassage?YES

ifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriterNO

ifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriterNOTGIVEN

ifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthisBetween1983and1990thenumbersofpatientsvisitingalternativetherapistsrosetoincludeafurther8%ofthepopulation.(

)

答案:NODothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeviewsofthewriterinReadingPassage?YES

ifthestatementagreeswiththeviewsofthewriterNO

ifthestatementcontradictstheviewsofthewriterNOTGIVEN

ifitisimpossibletosaywhatthewriterthinksaboutthisAustralianshavebeenturningtoalternativetherapiesinincreasingnumbersoverthepast20years.（

）

答案:YESIn1990,Americans（

）

答案:consultedalternativetherapistsmoreoftenthandoctors.Traditionally,howhaveAustraliandoctorsdifferedfromdoctorsinmanyWesterncountries?（

）

答案:Theyhavebeenreluctanttoacceptalternativetherapists.Thesyllabiccountisthesamewiththevowelcount.（）

答案:错Inordertobeclearandeasilyunderstood,youshouldwriteasimplesentencefortheoverview.（）

答案:错Whattypicalstructurescanweusetotalkaboutwhatyou/peoplecandothere?（

）

答案:“It’samustvisitforsomeonetodo…”###“Itistheperfectspotfor…”or“Itisknown/famousfor…”###“Peopleenjoydoing/liketo…”###“youcan...”WhatdifferencesaretherebetweenAmericanandBritishEnglish?（）

答案:grammar###vocabulary###spelling###pronunciation以下选项中表示“大约”含义的词是（）。

答案:roughly###approximately###nearlyBamboosflowerseveraltimesduringtheirlifecycle.(

)

答案:FALSEDesertannualsareexamplesoflong-dayplants.(

)

答案:FALSEPhotoperiodismisrestrictedtocertaingeographicareas.（

）

答案:NOTGIVENSometypesofbirdcanbeencouragedtobreedoutofseason.(

)

答案:TRUEThereisplentyofscientificevidencetosupportphotoperiodism.（

）

答案:TRUEWhenyouaretalkingabouthowyoufeelaboutacertainplace,youcansay（）

答案:Thesoundsthatyouhearcomingfromthelakeareverysoothing.###Infact,whenIwasthere,Iwatchedtwobirdssingingtoeachother….###Ifoundthisplaceveryamazingbecauseit’ssorelaxing.###Myaunt’shousemeansalottomebecauseIspendalotoftimethereontheweekend.IELTSlisteningtestteststhewrittenEnglishabilityofcandidates.（）

答案:错Whichofthefollowingwordscanbelinkedinpronunciation?（）

答案:farawayInwhichofthefollowingworddoesletter“y”hasadifferentpronunciation?（）

答案:bonyThereisusuallyawordlimitrequirementincompletinganswersinIELTSlisteningtest.（）

答案:对Sensegroupsaredividedaccordingtogrammaticalunitslike:（）

答案:prepositionalphrases介词词组###verbphrases动词词组###nounphrases名词词组###subordinateclause从句ThespeakingtestofIELTSgenerallylastsbetween（）

答案:11-14minutesWhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofIELTSspeakingPartII？（）

答案:Itismoreimportanttokeeptalkingratherthanhaveagoodorganization.Whatdoes“S”standforinSEE(C)Strategy?（）

答案:StatementWhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutIELTSspeakingtest（）

答案:Themorequicklyyouspeak,thelessmistaketheexaminermightidentify.IsittruethatinPartIIIspeaking,organization,thatis,howyouanswerthequestion,ismoreimportantthancomingupwithsomeoriginalbrilliantideas?（）

答案:对TheIELTSPartIIIspeakingtestlastsaround（）minutes.

答案:4-5minutesWhataretheassessmentcriteriaforIELTSspeaking?（）

答案:Grammaticalrange&accuracy###Lexicalresource###Pronunciation###Fluency&CoherenceWhichofthefollowingisthemostappropriateinIELTSspeakingPartI？（）

答案:Thoughthispartistheeasiestamongthethree,thecandidateimpressestheexaminerbyhis/herpronunciation,expressions,andtheuseoflanguageitself,whichthecandidateshouldpayattentiontofromthebeginning.IsittruethatcommunicationoutweighsgrammarinIELTSspeakingtest?（）

答案:错Boththestructuringandthekindofvocabularyusedintheintroductionareimportantbecausethesewillpavethewayfortherestofyouranswer。（）

答案:对InIELTSacademicwriting,agoodparagraphshouldhavearelevantideawithspecificdetailsandexamples。（）

答案:对Anoverviewissimplyasummaryofthemainormostimportantpointsinagraph,chart,processormap。（）

答案:对Multiplechartsisoftenmoredifficultthanothertypesofquestion。（）

答案:对InEnglishgrammar,Thebeverbisalsosometimesreferredtoasalinkingverb。（）

答案:对Anoverviewshouldbewritteninthethirdparagraphinyourreport。（）

答案:错InEnglishgrammar,theobjectisthepartofasentenceorclausethatcommonlyindicates(a)whatitisabout,or(b)whoorwhatperformstheaction。（）

答案:错InIELTSacademicwritingtask1,youarerequiredtowritealetterexplaininginformationaboutagivensituation。（）

答案:错HowmanywordsdoyouhavetowriteforIELTSacademicwritingtask2（）?

答案:aminimumof250wordsInwritinganintroductionfortask1,youshould（）.

答案:paraphrasethetitleofthegraphCanada'ssmallpopulationisquite（）toitsgreatlandmass.

答案:disproportionateA

fundamental

questioninageingresearchiswhetherhumansandotherspeciespossessan

immutable

life-spanlimit.Atheoreticalstudysuggestedthemaximumhumanlifespantobearound125years.Thelongest-livingpersonwhosedatesofbirthanddeathwereverifiedtothemodern

norms

ofGuinnessWorldRecordsandtheGerontologyResearchGroupwasJeanneCalment,aFrenchladywholivedto122.Reductionofinfantmortalityhasaccountedformostoftheincreasedaveragelifespan

longevity,butsincethe1960s,mortalityratesamongthoseover80yearshavedecreasedbyabout1.5%peryear.Theprogressbeingmadeinlengtheninglifespansandpostponing

senescence

isentirelyduetomedicalandpublic-healthefforts,risingstandardsofliving,bettereducation,healthiernutritionandmore

salubrious

lifestyles.MatchthewordunderlinedinthepassagewithitssynonymgiveninthechoicesImmutable（

）

答案:fixedChoosethemosthelpfulkeywordforeachstatement.Antscanbuildlargecitiesmorequicklythanhumansdo.（）

答案:morequicklyA

fundamental

questioninageingresearchiswhetherhumansandotherspeciespossessan

immutable

life-spanlimit.Atheoreticalstudysuggestedthemaximumhumanlifespantobearound125years.Thelongest-livingpersonwhosedatesofbirthanddeathwereverifiedtothemodern

norms

ofGuinnessWorldRecordsandtheGerontologyResearchGroupwasJeanneCalment,aFrenchladywholivedto122.Reductionofinfantmortalityhasaccountedformostoftheincreasedaveragelifespanlongevity,butsincethe1960s,mortalityratesamongthoseover80yearshavedecreasedbyabout1.5%peryear.Theprogressbeingmadeinlengtheninglifespansandpostponing

senescence

isentirelyduetomedicalandpublic-healthefforts,risingstandardsofliving,bettereducation,healthiernutritionandmore

salubrious

lifestyles.Matchthewordunderlinedinthepassagewithitssynonymgiveninthechoiceslongevity（

）

答案:lengthA

fundamental

questioninageingresearchiswhetherhumansandotherspeciespossessan

immutable

life-spanlimit.Atheoreticalstudysuggestedthemaximumhumanlifespantobearound125years.Thelongest-livingpersonwhosedatesofbirthanddeathwereverifiedtothemodern

norms

ofGuinnessWorldRecordsandtheGerontologyResearchGroupwasJeanneCalment,aFrenchladywholivedto122.Reductionofinfantmortalityhasaccountedformostoftheincreasedaveragelifespan

longevity,butsincethe1960s,mortalityratesamongthoseover80yearshavedecreasedbyabout1.5%peryear.Theprogressbeingmadeinlengtheninglifespansandpostponing

senescence

isentirelyduetomedicalandpublic-healthefforts,risingstandardsofliving,bettereducation,healthiernutritionandmore

salubrious

lifestyles.Matchthewordunderlinedinthepass