2024八年级英语下册专项训练语法专训课件新版冀教版

语法专训专项训练构词法一、根据句意及所给汉语提示写单词1.Canyouseethe____________(黑板)clearly?2.Shallweplay_________(足球)tomorrow?3.Onwarmafternoons,Iliketositinachairtowatchthebeautiful________(日落).4.Dannyisbabysittinghiscousinonthe___________(操场).5.[2023内江改编]—What’sinthebag?—__________(什么也没有).It’sempty.blackboardfootballsunsetplaygroundNothing二、单项选择6.Iwouldliketoreadmyfavouritenovelsathomeanddon’tgo________.A.everywhereB.anywhereC.somewhereD.nowhere7.The________girlnotonlylikesreadingbutalsolikesdrawing.A.tenyearsold B.tenyearoldC.ten-year-old D.ten-years-oldBC8.Mr.Liishumorous(幽默的),andhisclassisveryinteresting.________inourclassadmires(钦佩)him.A.SomebodyB.AnybodyC.NobodyD.Everybody9.TherearefivechildrenintheGreenfamily.Theytaketurns(轮流)takingashowerinthe________.A.classroomB.bathroomC.bedroomD.livingroomDB10.Afterhoursofsearching,he________foundhiswallet.Thatmadehimquitehappy.A.hardlyB.quicklyC.finallyD.sadly【点拨】句意：经过几个小时的寻找，他终于找到了他的钱包。这使他很高兴。hardly几乎不；quickly快速地；finally最后，终于；sadly悲伤地。分析句意可知此处指最后找到了，故选C。C不定代词some和any一、用some,any填空1.Theteacheraskedtheboymanyquestions,butheonlyanswered________ofthem.2.IamtiredandIcan’tgo________further.【点拨】1.some用于肯定句中，someofthem意为“它们当中的一些”。【点拨】2.some用于肯定句中，any用于否定句和疑问句中。本句为否定句，故用any。someany3.Therearemanychildrenattheparty.________aresinging,andothersaredancing.4.—Ifyouhave________problems,besuretocallme.—Iwill.Thankyouverymuch.5.Ican’thave________morefood.Iamfull.【点拨】3.some...,others...为固定搭配，意为“一些……，其他的……”。Someanyany二、单项选择6.[2023武汉]—TherearemanycelebrationsinthecomingDragonBoatFestival.—Soundsveryinteresting.Idon’twanttomiss________.A.itB.anyC.noneD.oneB【点拨】句意：——在即将到来的端午节有许多庆祝活动。——听起来很有趣。我不想错过任何一个。it它；any任何；none没有一个；one一个。根据“Soundsveryinteresting.Idon’twanttomiss”可知不想错过任何一个活动，用any。故选B。7.—Thereisnomeatleft.John,wouldyouliketoget_______?—OK,Mum.A.it B.one C.some D.any8.Ifyouhave_______newinformationaboutit,pleasecallme.A.any B.few C.lots D.many【点拨】7.some在此处表示希望得到对方的肯定回答。CA9.—Isthere________beefinthefridge?—No,thereisn’t.Thereispork.A.some;any B.any;anyC.some;some D.any;some10.Couldyouanswer________questionsaboutyourfamily?A.someB.any C.muchD.alot【点拨】9.some用于肯定句中，any用于否定句和疑问句中。第一空疑问句中用any，第二空肯定句中用some。DAif引导的条件状语从句一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.—Don’tforgettoturnoffthelightsifyou________(be)thelastonetoleave.—OK,Iwon’t.2.—WillPetergotoseethefilmifhe________(have)timetomorrow?—Yes,hewill.arehas3.Don’tgotoplayfootballifyou______________(notfinish)yourhomework.4.IfIhavealotofmoney,I_________(give)sometothepoor.5.Ifyou________(feel)tired,youcanhaveashortrest.don’tfinishwillgivefeel二、单项选择6.Don’tgiveup,myfriend.You______itifyoutryharder.A.makeB.madeC.willmakeD.havemade【点拨】句意：不要放弃，我的朋友。如果你再努力一点，你会成功的。含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。故选C。C7.Guangzhou________morebeautifulifwe________moretrees.A.willbe;plant B.is;plantC.willbe;plants D.is;plantsA8.[2023绥化]Idon’tknowifit________sunnytomorrow.Ifit________sunny,Iwillgofishing.A.willbe;is B.is;willbeC.willbe;isgoingtobe D.is;is【点拨】句意：我不知道明天是否是晴天。如果是晴天，我会去钓鱼。第一个句子是if引导的宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，根据“tomorrow”可知宾语从句中用一般将来时，排除B、D；第二个句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，排除C。故选A。A9.—Wouldyouliketogohikingifit________finethisSaturday?—I’dloveto.Butnobodyknowsifit________.A.is;willrain B.is;rainsC.willbe;willrain D.willbe;rainsA【点拨】考查if引导的条件状语从句的“主将从现”以及if引导的宾语从句。句意：——如果本周六天气晴朗，你想去远足吗？——我想去。但是没人知道是否会下雨。分析第一空可知是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，故此处使用一般现在时，排除C和D。分析第二空可知是if引导的宾语从句，主句是一般现在时，所以应遵循“主现从不限”原则，又因为时间状语“thisSaturday”表将来，所以使用一般将来时。10.[2023邢台二模]________youarecrazyaboutcomputergames,youwillfallbehindothers.A.BeforeB.IfC.ThoughD.Unless【点拨】句意：如果你沉迷于玩电脑游戏，你将落后于其他人。before在……之前；if如果；though虽然；unless除非。分析“youarecrazyaboutcomputergames”和“youwillfallbehindothers”可知，二者为条件关系，此处应用if。故选B。B宾语从句一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.—Ican’tfindBruce.Couldyoutellmewherehe________(be)?—Iamnotsure.Hemaybeinthelab.2.Iwonderhowlongyou__________(stay)inBeijing.iswillstay3.—Couldyoutellushowyourparents_______(make)moneyinthepast?—Bysellingvegetables.4.—Ican’tdecidewhereI_______(go).Doyouhaveanyideas?—WhataboutGuilin?It’sreallyabeautifulcity.5.Theteachertoldusthattheearth________(move)aroundthesun.madewillgomoves二、单项选择6.[2023福建改编]—Wouldyoupleasetellme______?—Bykeepingadiaryeveryday.A.whyyouwanttostudyEnglishB.whoyouoftenspeakEnglishwithC.howyouimproveyourEnglishwritingD.whereyoupracticeEnglishC【点拨】句意：——你能告诉我你是如何提高你的英语写作的吗？——通过每天写日记。whyyouwanttostudyEnglish你为什么想学英语；whoyouoftenspeakEnglishwith你经常和谁说英语；howyouimproveyourEnglishwriting你是如何提高你的英语写作的；whereyoupracticeEnglish你在哪儿练习英语。根据“Bykeepingadiaryeveryday.”可知是询问提高英语写作的方式。故选C。7.[2023保定莲池区二模]—Couldyoutellme________thescarf?—Ithinksheboughtitonline.A.whenAnnebought B.whereAnneboughtC.ifAnneliked D.howmuchAnnepaidfor【点拨】句意：——你能告诉我Anne在哪买的这条围巾吗？——我猜她是在网上买的。根据答语“Ithinksheboughtitonline.”可知，问的是在哪买的。故选B。B8.—Couldyoupleasetellme________?—NextSunday.A.whenIcangetbackmynotebookB.whencanIgetbackmynotebookC.howlongIcangetbackmynotebookD.howlongcanIgetbackmynotebook【点拨】考查宾语从句。句意：——你能告诉我什么时候能拿回我的笔记本吗？——下个星期天。宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除B、D；根据答语“NextSunday.”可知，对具体时间提问。故选A。A9.—Canyoutellme________?—Togetpracticalskills.A.whatdoyoulearnaboutsafetyB.whendoyouhavetheartfestivalC.howyoubalanceyourstudiesandhobbiesD.whyyoulearncookingatschool【点拨】考查宾语从句。句意：——你能告诉我你为什么在学校学烹饪吗？——为了获得实用技能。“tellme”后是宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除A、B；再由“Togetpracticalskills.”可知，此处是询问做某事的原因，故用why引导宾语从句。故选D。D10.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme________?—YoucantaketheNo.6busthere.It’sabout15minutes’ride.A.howfaristheSlenderWestLakeB.howfartheSlenderWestLakeisC.howcanIgettotheSlenderWestLakeD.howIcangettotheSlenderWestLake【点拨】考查宾语从句。句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我怎么去瘦西湖吗？——你可以在那里乘坐6路公交车。大约15分钟的车程。空格所在处是宾语从句，用陈述句语序，排除A、C。根据“YoucantaketheNo.6busthere.”可知，是询问如何去某地，用how引导宾语从句。故选D。D形容词和副词的比较级和最高级一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.TheT-shirtlookssosmall.Iamhappyyouhavegrown________(tall)thisyear.【点拨】句意：这件t恤看起来太小了，我很高兴你今年长得更高了。分析句意此处应为比较级，故填tall的比较级tallertaller2.Thenextmorninghegotup________(early)thanbeforetopracticefootball.3.Twoyearshaspassed.Mybrotherbecomes________(brave)thanbefore.【点拨】3.句意：两年过去了，我哥哥比之前更勇敢了。结合than可知，此处应填brave的比较级braver。earlierbraver4.Insummer,it’smuch________(hot)inXi’anthanthatinHarbin.5.Elephantsarethe________(large)landanimalsontheearth.【点拨】4.由than可知用比较级。空前的much用于修饰比较级，表示程度。hotterlargest二、单项选择6.Withahigh-speedtrainstationbuiltinLuzhou,itismuch_______forustotraveltoChengdu.A.easier B.easilierC.moreeasy D.moreeasily【点拨】6.考查形容词的比较级。句意：随着泸州高铁站的建成，我们去成都旅游容易多了。B、C两项是错误表达，排除；be动词后加形容词作表语，排除D。故选A。A7.[2023乐山改编]Mygeographyteacherlivesanactivelife.Shelooks________thanshereallyis.A.young B.youngerC.youngest D.theyounger【点拨】句意：我的地理老师过着积极的生活。她看起来比实际年龄年轻。根据“than”可知此处用比较级。故选B。B8.[2023扬州]Slowcookingseemstoholdthetasteofthemeatmuch________.A.goodB.wellC.betterD.best【点拨】句意：慢煮似乎能更好地保持肉的味道。根据空前“much”可知，此处应用比较级形式，故选C。C9.—DoyouknowthatTomisoneof________studentsinhisclass?—Yes,Ido.He’sas________asmybrother.A.thetallest;taller B.tallest;tallerC.thetallest;tall D.tallest;tallC【点拨】句意：——你知道Tom在他的班级里是最高的学生之一吗？——是的，我知道。他和我哥哥一样高。本题把握两个考点：1.形容词最高级高频考点“oneof+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”，即“最……的……之一”；2.“as...as”(A和B一样……)这个高频考点结构中，as与as之间一定是形容词或副词的原级。故选C。10.Ourschoollifehasbecome________thanbeforebecauseofallkindsofafter-schoolactivities.A.colorful B.colorfullyC.morecolorful D.themostcolorful【点拨】考查形容词的比较级。句意：由于各种各样的课外活动，我们的学校生活变得比以前更加丰富多彩了。根据“than”可知，此空应填形容词比较级morecolorful。故选C。C现在完成时一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空1.Theyhavealready________(choose)LiPingtobetheteamcaptain.2.[2023连云港改编]Thesevolunteers__________(put)upthetentalready.Let’ssaythankstothem.chosenhaveput3.Asweallknow,China’sdeep-seaexplorationhasalready_________(enter)anewperiod.4.Maryhas_________(offer)someusefuladviceforthisproject.5.ThoughIhavenever________(meet)yoursisterbefore,I’msuresheisalsoaveryniceperson.enteredofferedmet二、单项选择6.—Hey!Kate,whataboutyourlastwintercampinHainan?—Oh!It________somesweetmemoriesinmyheartinthepastseveralmonths.A.leaves B.isleavingC.hasleft D.willleaveC【点拨】句意为“——嘿！Kate，你上次在海南的冬令营怎么样？——哦！在过去的几个月里，它在我心中留下了一些甜蜜的回忆”。结合句意可知，动作发生在过去，强调对现在造成的影响和结果，故用现在完成时，即have/hasdone的形式。故选C。7.—Ourcomputerisworkingagain!—Yes.OurITteacher________it.Ittookhimaboutanhour.A.hasfixed B.willfixC.isfixing D.wasfixingA【点拨】句意为“——我们的电脑又能工作了！——是的。我们的信息技术老师把它修好了。这花了他大约一个小时的时间”。根据“Ourcomputerisworkingagain!”可知，强调过去已完成的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时have/hasdone的结构。8.—Whatgoodbooksdidyoureadrecently?—I________TalesofChinasincelastyear,andnowthethirdtime.A.read B.amreadingC.haveread D.willread【点拨】考查时态。句意为“——你最近读什么好书了？——我从去年就开始读《中国好故事》，现在是第三遍”。根据“...sincelastyear...”可知，动作从过去某一时间开始延续至今，用现在完成时。C9.[2023宿迁]—MyfatherandI________alotofphotosatthesameplaceinthepasttenyears.—Thosephotosmustbeyourvaluablememories.A.havetaken B.willtakeC.take D.weretaking【点拨】考查动词时态。句意：——在过去十年中，我和我爸爸在同一地点已经拍了许多照片。——那些照片肯定是你宝贵的回忆。“inthepast+一段时间”常用于现在完成时态。havetaken现在完成时；willtake一般将来时；take一般现在时；weretaking过去进行时。A项用法符合，故选A。A10.[2023武汉]—WhowilltalkaboutthedevelopmentofAmericancountrymusicnextweek?—IsuggestBrad.He________inNashville,thehomeofcountrymusic,sincehewasachild.A.livesB.livedC.haslivedD.willliveC三、语法填空EverySaturday,WangWeifang,togetherwithhisfriends,putsonaspecialplay.Theystandbehindascreen,singingtheirlineswhileoperatingtheleatherpuppets(皮影).Light11._______(send)theshadowsofthepuppetsonawhitescreen.【点拨】时态为一般现在时，light为第三人称单数，故填sends。sendsPeople12.________(sit)beforethescreen,listeningandwatchingtheshadowsmovingaccordingtothelines.This13.__________(call)shadowpuppetplay,anancientChineseart.【点拨】12.时态为一般现在时，主语people为复数主语，故填sit。【点拨】13.分析句意，这被叫做皮影戏。此处为被动语态，结合时态为一般现在时，故填iscalled。sitiscalledShadowpuppetplayfirst14.__________(appear)inShaanxiduringtheHanDynasty.Later,intheTangDynasty,it15._________(step)outofCentralShaanxiandbecamepopularinShanxiandHenan.【点拨】14.结合duringtheHanDynasty可知，此处为一般过去时，故填过去式appeared。【点拨】15.结合intheTangDynasty可知，此处为一般过去时，故填stepped。appearedsteppedAftermorethanathousandyears’development,itfinally16._________(reach)itspeak(巅峰)inthelateQingDynasty.NowwiththeriseofTVandfilms,shadowpuppetplay17.__________(face)manydifficulties.Fewpeoplewanttowatchblackshadows.【点拨】16.分析句意，皮影戏在清朝晚期达到巅峰。应用一般过去时，故填reached。【点拨】17.结合now可知，此处指皮影戏现在正面临很多困难，应用现在进行时，故填isfacing。reachedisfacingEvenfewerwanttopayfortheshow,soperformerscan’tmakealivingbyperformingthisancientart.Asaresult,manyofthem18._____________(give)uptheiroldjobsrecently.【点拨】分析句意，结果，近来很多人已经放弃了他们的旧工作。结合recently可知此处应用现在完成时，故填havegiven。havegivenWangandhisfriends19.____________(be)inthebusinessforfiveyears.Theyoftenworkveryhardforlittlemoney,buttheydon’tmind.Everyoneofthemhopestokeepthistraditionalartformalive.Ifsomeone20.________(like)it,youcanjointhem.【点拨】19.结合时间状语forfiveyears可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填havebeen。【点拨】20.if引导的条件状语从句，符合“主将从现”，所以if引导的从句应用一般现在时，结合主语someone为第三人称单数，故填likes。havebeenlikes被动语态一、单项选择1.ThreeChineseastronauts(宇航员)________toChinaSpaceStationsuccessfullyonMay30th,2023.A.sent B.aresentC.weresent D.aresendingC【点拨】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意为“三名中国宇航员在2023年5月30日被成功送往中国空间站”。根据“onMay30th,2023”可知句子应用一般过去时。主语“ThreeChineseastronauts”为复数名词短语，与动词send存在逻辑上的动宾关系，句子应用被动语态，其结构为weresent。故选C。2.Justasweknow,mostoftherice________inthesouthofourcountry.A.grew B.isgrownC.wasgrown D.hasgrown【点拨】句意：正如我们所知，大部分水稻生长在我国南方。主语mostoftherice与谓语动词grow构成被动关系。分析时态为一般现在时，故选B。B3.[2023连云港]Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter,moretrees________nextyear.A.plant B.willplantC.areplanted D.willbeplanted【点拨】句意：为了使环境更好，我们明年将种植更多的树。主语moretrees与动词plant之间是被动关系，结合nextyear可知，此处用一般将来时的被动语态willbedone的结构，故选D。D4.[2023扬州]Sandturnstoglasswhenit_______bylightning.A.hits B.ishitC.ishitting D.willbehit【点拨】句意：沙子被闪电击中会变成玻璃。句子主语it指代的是“sand”，与动词hit之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，陈述事实用一般现在时，故选B。B5.[2023鄂州]—Whatlanguage________inGermany?—MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.A.speak B.isspokenC.isspeaking D.speaks【点拨】句意：——在德国说哪种语言？——大多数人会说德语，但也有很多人会说英语。句子应用一般现在时，句子主语language与动词speak存在逻辑上的被动关系，则句子采用一般现在时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：am/is/are+过去分词。故选B。B二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空6.Idon’tthinkstudentsshould____________(allow)tobringmobilephonestoschool.【点拨】allow与students之间是被动关系，含情态动词的被动语态为“情态动词+be+过去分词”。故填beallowed。beallowed7.Manyclasseswere________(teach)byteachersonline.【点拨】句意：很多课是老师在网上教。此处主语Manyclasses与谓语动词teach构成被动关系，故填taught。taught8.Ifwedon’tprotecttheenvironmentwell,we’llbe___________(punish)soonerorlater.9.Thiskindofcotton_____________(produce)inXinjiang.punishedisproduced10.Mr.Smithcalledhiswife,“Honey,apackage

_______________(send)toyouinanhour.Happybirthday!”【点拨】由inahour可知，用一般将来时。apackage和send之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态。故填willbesent。willbesentit的用法一、单项选择1.Wemake________aruletoturnoffthelightsat10:30p.m.A.thatB.thisC.oneD.itD2.[2023凉山州改编]