英语知识课件

Unit3Underthesea1单词名词与海洋有关：shore,shark,seaside,tide,seal,seaweedaccommodation,target,lip,anecdote,telescope,teamwork,depth,cell,net,relationship,conservation,pension,dimension,flashlight,boundary,pensioner动词witness,yell,pause,dive,flee,drag,urge,abandon,jog,reflect,suck,scare形容词annual,pure,aware,vivid,neat,narrow,sharp,tasty,grey,shallow,steep,Antarctic,awesome介词opposite知识归纳2短语词汇表help(...)out,be/becomeawareof,upsidedown,(be)scaredtodeath课文中hearof,sortout,callout,beterrifiedof,wakeup句式1.without+动词-ing形式”作状语2.What+a/an+形容词+名词+主语+系动词！语法复习被动语态(二)3知识清单41.__________n.

轶事;奇闻

2.________n.目击者;证人;证据

vt.经历;见证;出席;观察

vi.证明;为(宗教信仰)做见证

3._______________n.膳宿;和解;住处;适应

4.________n.岸;滨

5.________adj.

近海的;离岸的;海外的

adv.离岸地;近海地

anecdotewitnessaccommodationshoreoffshore(一)单词56.______n.

嘴唇;唇状物

7.______v.驱策;鼓励;催促;力陈

8._________n.&v.放弃;抛弃;放纵

9.________n.鲨鱼;贪婪的人;放高利贷的人;

v.诈取;诈骗

10._____v.

慢跑;轻推

n.

慢跑;轻推;颠簸

11.________n.海边adj.海边(的);海滨(的)

12._____n.网;网状物

13.______n.目标;对象

vt.

把......作为目标;瞄准

lipurgeabandonsharkjogseasidenettarget614.___________n.维(数);方面;侧面15.________vi.思考vt.映射;反射;思考16.________adj.

纯的;纯粹的;纯洁的17.______n.

细胞18.______adj.整齐的;均匀的19._________n.海藻;海草20._________adj.狭窄的;有限的21.__________n.闪光信号灯;手电筒22.______vt.&vi.

吮吸23.______vt.拖;拉;扯dimensionreflectpurecellneatseaweednarrowflashlightsuckdrag724.________adj.锐利的;锋利的;敏捷的25._______adj.好吃的;可口的26._______adj.&n.灰色(的)27.________vt.恐吓vi.受惊吓28.__________adj.浅的;肤浅的;浅显的29._________adj.

陡峭的30.____________n.

界限;分界线31.__________adj.南极的32.__________adj.使人敬畏的;令人畏惧的sharptastygreyscareshallowsteepboundaryAntarcticawesome833.______n.

潮水;潮流34.______vi.

大叫;呼喊n.

叫声;喊声35._______vi.&n.

暂停;中止36.__________n.

望远镜37.___________n.

协作;配合38.______n.深(度);深处39._____n.海豹;封条;印章40._________n.

养老金;退休金41._____________n.领取养老金者42._______vi./n.跳水;潜水;俯冲tideyellpausetelescopeteamworkdepthsealpensionpensionerdive943._______n.年刊;年鉴→_______adj.每年的;按年度;计算的→_________adv.一年一次地44._________prep.在……对面→_________

adj.相对的;相反的→_________v.反对45.______

vi.逃离;逃跑→______(过去分词)46._______adj.生动的;鲜艳的→_________

adv.生动地→_________n.清晰annualannualannuallyoppositeoppositeopposefleefledvividvividlyvividness1047.____________n.关系→__________n.关系,联系→__________adj.比较的→_________adj.相关的,联系的→_________v.联系;交往48.____________n.保存;保护→__________vt.保护;保存49.________adj.意识到的→__________

n.意识→________adj.没意识到的relationshiprelationrelativerelatedrelateconservationconserveawareawarenessunaware111.___________________________亲眼见证2._______________分类;收拾;整理3._______________早于;在……前面4._______________朝……瞄准5._______________调转;回转6._______________害怕7._______________帮助某人摆脱困难

witnesssth.withone’sowneyessortoutaheadof…aimatturnaroundbeterrifiedofhelpsb.out(二)短语128.__________思考;考虑……9.___________对……明白;知道……10._____________上下翻转11._____________接近;靠近12._________________吓死了reflectonbeawareofupsidedowngetclosetobescaredtodeath13Werandowntotheshoreintimeto

seeanenormousanimaloppositeusthrowingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashingdownagain.seesb.doingsth.看见某人正在干某事2.Theseawasroughthatdayanditwasdifficulttohandletheboat.

It+be+adj.(for/ofsb.)+todosth.做某事是……的(三)句式14“Itseems+that从句”,其中it是形式主语,that引导主语从句。3.ItseemedthattherewasasurprisewaitingformearoundeverycornerasIexploredsmallcaves,…4.Thiswasthecallthatannouncedtherewasabouttobeawhalehunt.

句中的beaboutto表示即将发生的动作,意为“正要/就要”,不与具体表示将来的时间状语连用,常与when引导的时间状语连用。15核心要点161.

witnessn.

目击者;证人;证据vt.当场见证;目击;见证

Ithought,atthetime,thatthiswasjustastorybutthenIwitnesseditwithmyowneyesmanytimes.（课文原句）当时我以为只是一个故事罢了，但是后来我亲眼见过许多次。(一)单词17【归纳】

witnesssth.

当场见到;目击;见证awitnesstosth.

某事的证人

bear/givewitnesstosth.

为……作证;证明

witnessto(doing)sth.

作证,证明(做)某事181)Heisakeywitnessinthiscase.在这个案件中,他是一个主要见证人。2)Didanyonewitness

thetrafficaccident?有谁目击了这场交通事故？3)Thetemplesbearwitnesstothecity’sformergreatness.这些庙宇见证了这个城市以前的辉煌。4)Hewitnessedtohavingseenthemanentertheroom.他证明看到那人进了房间。192.

pausev.

暂停,停顿

Withoutpausingwejumpedintotheboatwiththeotherwhalersandheadedoutintothebay.（课文原句）一刻不停地，我们和其他捕鲸人都跳进渔船，朝海湾方向驶去。20【归纳】

pausefor

因……而暂停

pauseon(upon)sth.

仔细考虑

n.停顿,间断

givesomeonepause令人深思;令人考虑213.

dragv.拖;拉;迫使;缓慢行进

n.拖;拉;累赘;阻力

Withinamomentortwo,itsbodywasdraggedswiftlybythekillersdownintothedepthsofthesea.（课文原句）过了片刻，鲸的尸体就被虎鲸们迅速拖向深海中去了。22【拓展】

dragaway

将……硬拖走

dragbehind

落在后面

dragdown

拖下去;把身体拖垮

dragthrough

缓缓地通过

dragup

向上拉231)Dragupachairandjointheconversation.把椅子拉过来,加入我们的谈话。2)It’sthehighfeverthat’sbeendragginghim

down.是这场高烧把他的身体拖垮的。3)Iwantedtostay,butshedraggedmeofftohelphershop.我本想留下来,可她硬是把我拉走帮她买东西。244.

urgevt.

催促;极力主张;驱策

“Manoverboard!Turntheboataround!”urgedGeorge,shoutingloudly.（课文原句）乔治大声喊道：“有人落水了！把船头调回去！”25【归纳】urgesb./sth.on

催促某人/某物前进

urgesb.todosth.

催促某人做某事

urgesb.intodoingsth.

催促某人做某事

urgethatsb.(should)dosth.

极力主张,强调261)Brown

urgedher

toreconsiderherdecision.布朗极力劝说她重新考虑自己的决定。2)Iurgedthathe(should)dohisbest.我强调他要尽自己最大的努力。【注】urge后跟that宾语从句时常用(should)+动词原形的虚拟语气,使用时请注意！275.

abandonvt.放弃;遗弃;抛弃;离弃;逃离

FromJames’sface,Icouldseehewasterrifiedofbeingabandonedbyus.

（课文原句）从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。28【归纳】

abandononeselfto

沉溺于

abandonthehope(ofdoingsth.)放弃(做某事的)希望

abandondoingsth.

放弃做某事

withabandon

放任的,放纵的291)Thecruelmanabandonedhiswifeandchild.那个狠心的男人抛弃了他的妻儿。2)Thosewhoabandon

themselvestodespaircannotsucceed.那些自暴自弃的人无法成功。3)Peoplewereshoutingandcheeringwithabandon.人们兴高采烈,纵情欢呼。306.

targetn.目标;靶;受批评的对象

vt.把……作为攻击目标/批评对象

First,notonlytargetfisharecaughtinthenet,butmanyotherseaanimalsarefoundhangingthere.（课文原句）首先，不但可以网到想要捉的鱼，而且其他的海洋动物也可以捕获。31【归纳】set(sb.)atargetfor(给某人)设定……的目标Ourcountryhassetatargetfor

reducingtheemissionofcarbondioxide.我国已制定了一个降低二氧化碳排放的目标。327.

scarev.恐吓,使惊吓

n.惊恐,惊吓

Itoldmyselftheyweren’tdangerousbutthatdidn’tstopmefromfeelingscaredtodeathforamoment!（课文原句）我自言自语地说它们并不危险，但是这样一点也不能抑制我那怕得要死的心情。33【归纳】

bescaredof

害怕

bescaredtodo

害怕做

scare...away/off

把……吓走【拓展】scaredadj.

惊慌的

相当于frightenedbescaredtodeath/outofone’swits被吓得要死;被吓得魂不附体341)Youscaredmeoutofmymind,comingupbehindmesuddenlylikethat.你这冷不防从背后过来,真把我吓死了。2)I’llseeifIcanscareupamealfromthescrapsoffoodinthekitchen.我去看看能否把厨房里的剩饭凑成一顿饭菜。3)Thehighpriceisscaringawaypossiblebuyers.价格昂贵,把想买东西的顾客吓跑了。351.

help...out帮助某人摆脱困境

Beinghelpedoutbythekillerwhales,thewhalerswereabletomakeasuccessfulkill.（课文原句）有了虎鲸的帮助，捕鲸人才有了一次成功的捕杀。(二)短语36【拓展】

help(sb.)(to)dosth.

帮(某人)做某事

cannothelpdoingsth.

禁不住做某事

helponeself(tosth.)

自取,自用

can’thelpbutdosth.

不得不做某事

helpsb.withsth.

帮助某人做某事

can’thelp(to)dosth.

不能帮着做某事371)Ifyouhaven’tgottimetofinish,I’llhelpyouout.如果你来不及做完,我会帮你摆脱困境。2)Doyoumindhelpingmewiththisaminute?你能抽点时间帮我一把吗？3)Ican’thelpwonderingwhathappenedtothatlittlegirl.我忍不住想知道那个小女孩出了什么事。382.

be/becomeawareof…对……知道、明白;意识到…..

ThefirstthingIbecameawareofwasallthevividcolorssurroundingme–purples,reds,oranges,yellows,bluesandgreens.

（课文原句）我首先注意到的是我周围那些鲜艳的色彩—紫色、红色、橘黄、明黄、蓝色和绿色等。39【拓展】aware多作形容词,意为“知道的;察觉的”,常接of

+名词、代词、动词-ing形式;也可以接从句,此时可以省略介词of,其前常被副词well/quite/fully

修饰。aware还可与politically,environmentally等副词连用,表示“有觉悟;有意识”。其名词形式为awareness,意为“察觉;觉悟;意识(+

of

/

that)”401)Hesaidthatthegovernmentwasquiteawareof

the

problem.

他说政府很清楚这个问题。2)

She

was

not

aware

of

having

done

wrong.

她没有意识到做错了事。3)He

is

a

politically

aware

young

man.

他是个政治上有觉悟的青年。4)

There

is

a

general

awareness

that

smoking

is

harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。413.

upsidedown上下翻转

Theyellowandgreenparrotfishwashangingupsidedown,andsuckingtinyplantsoffthecoralwithitshardbird-likemouth.（课文原句）黄绿相间的鹦嘴鱼倒挂着，用它那像鸟嘴一样的硬嘴从珊瑚上吸吮的微小植物。42【归纳】

upsidedown

意为“底朝上,上下颠倒,倒转,乱七八糟”。如：

Thepictureishangingupsidedown.Thieveslefttheplaceupsidedown.【拓展】turn...upsidedown把……翻得乱七八糟,给(某人的生活)造成大的变化或混乱。如：Markturnedthewholeroomupsidedownlookingforhisbook.43Werandowntotheshoreintimeto

seeanenormousanimaloppositeusthrowingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashingdownagain.seesb.doingsth.看见某人正在干某事【归纳】

感官动词see,watch,notice,discover,observe,hear,smell等可跟动词-ing形式作宾语补足语,动词-ing与宾语构成主动关系,强调动作正在进行。

(三)句式442.Theseawasroughthatdayanditwasdifficulttohandletheboat.

It+be+adj.(for/ofsb.)+todosth.做某事是……的【归纳】在此句型中,如前面形容词(adj.)指代事物、事情特征,如：important,easy,difficult,strange,necessary,important等,则后用for;如果为说明人的性格、特征的形容词,如kind,polite,foolish,warmhearted,cruel等,则用of。45“Itseems+that从句”,其中it是形式主语,that引导主语从句。如：

Itseemsthatnooneknowswhathashappenedinthepark.似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。

ItseemstomethatMr.Brownwillnotcomeagain.在我看来布朗先生不会再来了。3.ItseemedthattherewasasurprisewaitingformearoundeverycornerasIexploredsmallcaves,…46【拓展】“There+seemtobe+名词”,其中tobe可省略。seem的单复数形式要根据后面作主语的名词的单复数形式而定。如：Theredoesn’tseemtobemuchhopeofourbeatingthatteam.看来我们战胜那个队没有多大希望。

Thereseemsnoneedto

waitlonger.看来没有再等的必要了。474.Thiswasthecallthatannouncedtherewasabouttobeawhalehunt.beaboutto表示即将发生的动作,“正要/就要”,不与具体表示将来的时间状语连用,常与when引导的时间状语连用。1)Sitdown,everyone.Thefilm’s

abouttostart.大家坐下,电影马上开始。2)Iwasabouttogiveupwhenthegoodnewscame.当好消息传来时我正打算放弃。48I.用括号内单词的正确形式填空。1.Wefeltathomewithherandwereimpressedwiththe______(deep)ofherknowledge.2.A(n)___________(abandon)babywasfoundinaboxonthehospitalsteps.abandoneddepth

493.Theprogramwillgiveyoungathletesthechanceto________(sharp)theirskills.4.Ididn’tlikethesoup,butallinall,thedinnerwaspretty_____(taste).5.Iwantedtoaskheroutbutwas_______(scare)thatshemightrefuse.scaredsharpentasty50II.根据所给的汉语提示补全下列句子。Togettheplantoutofthepot,turnthepot____________(上下颠倒)andgiveitagentleknock.2.I’veoften______________(帮助鲍勃摆脱困难)whenhe’sshortofmoney.upsidedownhelpedBobout513.Hedoesn’tseemto____________(意识到)thecoldnessoftheirattitudetowardshisappeal.4.AsIopenedthedoor,IfoundlittleBenwas____________(归类)thebricksintodifferentcolorsalone.beawareofsortingout52语法被动语态（二）【归纳】1.当动词-ing形式的逻辑主语是其动作的承受者时，动词-ing形式要用被动式。动词-ing的被动式有两种：①一般式的被动式，即beingdone，表示一个正在进行或与谓语所表示的动作同时发生的被动动作；②完成式的被动式，即havingbeendone，表示的被动动作发生在谓语所表示的动作之前。532.动词-ing形式的被动式在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、宾语补足语、状语。e.g.1)BeingdefeatedbyJimwasaterrifyingexperience.2)Ihatebeingbotheredwithsillyquestions.3)Theboyranawayforfearofbeinghurt.544)Therailwaybeingbuiltwillgreatlybenefitourcity.5)WhenJuliagottothemeetingroom,sheheardherworksbeingdiscussed.6)Beingaccompaniedbyhisfather,theboyfeltveryhappy.7)Havingbeeninvitedtospeak,I’llstartmakingpreparationstomorrow.55【拓展】1.need,require,want表示“需要”时，后接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。如：Thehouseneeds/wants/requiresrepairing.=Thehouseneeds/wants/requirestoberepaired.2.beworth后接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。如：Thebookisnotworthreading.563.不定式的被动式、动词-ing形式的被动式和过去分词都可作定语表示被动意义，但所表示的动作发生的时间有所不同。如：Theproblemtobediscussedtomorrowisofvitalimportance.(tobediscussed所表示的被动动作将要发生)Theproblembeingdiscussedisofvitalimportance.(beingdiscussed所表示的被动动作正在发生)Theproblemdiscussedyesterdayisofvitalimportance.(discussed所表示的被动动作已经发生)57用括号内动词的正确形式填空。1.Thefamoussingeralwayswearssunglasses.Therefore,shecangoshoppingwithout________________(recognize).2.Thebosswashappytoseenewproducts__________(develop)aftergreateffort.3.Davidremembered___________(take)toFranceasasmallchild.beingtakenbeingrecognized

developed584.Theboydisliked____________(speak)tolikethat.5.__________________(test)severaltimes,thisnewproductwillbeputintomassproduction.6.Ihavebeeninvitedtoaparty__________(hold)inourclubnextSunday.7.Thedrawershowednosignsof________________________________(touch).8.Thescientistsdesignedashirtthatneverneeds___________________(wash).washing/tobewashed

beingspokenHavingbeentested

tobeheldhavingbeentouched/beingtouched59写作【写作任务】假设你是李华，几天前从某外资家电商场买了一台电冰箱。使用后发现这台冰箱存在门关不紧、冷藏效果差的问题。请你给本商场服务部负责人写一封投诉信，希望其给予调换或者安排维修人员上门维修。

如何写投诉信60注意：词数100左右。DearSirorMadam,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yourssincerely,

LiHua61【写作指导】

这是一封投诉信。投诉信与普通书信格式一样,但要注意的是写投诉信是为了求得解决问题而不是泄愤,因此写信时一定要态度诚恳、礼貌委婉。投诉信一般包括以下几点内容：写信的目的、投诉的原因、希望得到的结果和表示感谢。针对这篇习作,可以把全文分为三段：

第一段：表明写信的目的——对购买的冰箱出现的问题进行投诉。62第二段：投诉的原因以及希望得到的结果——冰箱门关不紧、冷藏效果差，希望调换或者安排维修人员上门维修。

第三段：表示感谢。【常用表达】开头：Iamwritingtomakeacomplaintabout/complainabout...Iamwritingtoexpressmydissatisfaction/disappointmentwith...I’msorrytobotheryoubut...63主体：Therearesomeproblemswith...thatIwishtobringtoyourattention.I’mreallynothappy...I’meagertoknowwhether...I’dlikeafullrefund

/anewonethat...结尾：Iwouldappreciateitifyou...I’mlookingforwardto...Idohope...64【参考范文】DearSirorMadam,I’mwritingtocomplainaboutmydisappointmentwiththerefrigeratorIboughtfromyourstore.Afterusingitfortwodays,Ifoundtherewassomethingwrongwiththerefrigerator.First,itsdoorcouldn’tclosetightlysothattherefrigeratorcouldn’tworkwell.

What’sworse,65theouterwallfeltveryhotandthefoodstoredinitwentbadquickly.Therefore,Iameagertoknowwhetheryoucanchangeitforanewoneorsendarepairmanassoonaspossible.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldtakemycomplaintintoconsideration.Iamlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yourssincerely,

LiHua66巩固练习I.用括号内动词的正确形式