2023年12月英语四级押题密卷（NO.2）解析

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2023年12月英语四级押题密卷（NO.2）解析(NO.2)PartIIListeningComprehension【SectionA】1-7：DB—BA—CDB【SectionB】8-15：ACDC—BDAA【SectionC】16-25：CDB—ABC—BCAAPartIIIReadingComprehension【SectionA】26-30：NCMGH 31-35：KAOBL【SectionB】36-40：FJDAI 41-45：KEBGC【SectionC】46-50：CDDAB 51-55：DCAAB答案详解PartIWriting【参考范文】ASelf-guidedTourIsPreferableforMeWiththeceaselessincreaseofincomeandleisuretime,travellinghasbecomethemainstreamforpeopletorelaxthemselves.However,disagreementsarewhenitcomestothechoiceoftravellingmodes.Somepeople,especiallytheyoungtendtogoonaself-guidedtour,whileothers,especiallytheold,preferapackagetour.Frommyownperspective,Iaminfavorofaself-guidedtour.Inthefirstplace,comparedwiththepackagetourwhichrequiresthetouriststofollowexactlythetravelagency'sschedule,theself-guidedtourallowsustomakeourownitinerary.Inthesecondplace,whilewecanonlystayaveryshorttimeineachattractionfollowingtherelativelytightpackagetour,it'swisertoenjoyeverylandscapecarefully.Byjoiningaself-guidedtour.Lastbutnotleast,forcingconsumerstopurchasesomecommoditiesiscommonplaceinapackagetour;bycontrast,ifweareinaself-guidedtour,certainlywedon'thavetoworryaboutthatproblem.Tosumup,giventhefactorsthatIhavejustoutlinedabove,Iprefertotravelonmyown,whichismoreconvenientandunconstrained.PartIIListeningComprehensionNewsItemOnePAGEPAGE2PeoplefromLondonliketocalltheringingofBigBen“bongs.”Theymarkthestartofanewhour.(1)Thebell,knownas“BigBen”inLondon,startedmakingitsbongs158yearsago.ButbeginningonAugust21,itwillgosilentforfouryears.Thebellwillringforthelasttimeat12noon.Thebellwillbedisconnectedfromtheclockascrewslaunchamajorrepairprojectinthetower.Theclock,however,willcontinuetotellthetime,silently.TheonlytimepeopleinLondonwillhearthebellswillbeonRemembranceSunday,whichfallsonNovember12ththisyear,andNewYear'sEve.Therenovationprojectwillcostabout$40million,saidSteveJaggs.Heisknownas“TheKeeperoftheGreatClock.”(2)Jaggssaidthegoalistokeepthebuildingsafeandthefamoustimepieceworkingforfuturegenerationstoenjoy.Theclockfacesandmanyoftheclock'smovingpartswillbetakenapartandcleaned.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutBigBen?D)Whatthepurposeoftherenovationproject?B)NewsItemTwoTennisplayersmustwearalmostallwhiteatWimbledon.Thatincludesshorts,shirts,hats,dresses,shoesandsocks.ButwhentheygettoNewYorkinthelatesummerfortheUSOpen,theylettheirpersonalitiescomeoutthroughtheirclothing.OnMondaynight,MariaSharapovaplayedinherfirstmajortournamentinoverayear.Shewassuspendedfortakingabanneddruginearly2016.Sheimpressedthecrowdwithashinyblackdress.Thedressshinedbecauseitwasembeddedwithcrystals.Amongthemaleplayersatthetournament,peoplearetalkingabouttheclothingwornthisweekbyAlexanderZverevfromGermany.(4)Zverevwasthefourth-rankedplayerinthetournament.Tennisexpertsthoughthecouldwinthetitle.AgainstDarianKingofBarbados,ZverevwaswearingatennisoutfitsimilartotheonewornbySwedishstarBjornBorginthe1970s.Hehadawhiteheadbandwiththinstripesholdingbackhislonghair.Heworeasimilarlystyledshirtandevencompletedthethrowbacklookwithhighwhitesocks.Tennisplayershavenotwornthosesockssincetheearly1980s.ZverevsaidhislookwasdesignedbysingerPharrellWilliams.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.WhatcanwelearnabouttennisplayersatWimbledon?B)WhatcanwelearnaboutZverev?A)NewsItemThree(5)ManypeopleonanislandinwesternIrelandareexcited.Theyarecelebratinganewbeach.Butactually,itisthereturnofanoldbeach.ThepeopleliveinDooagh,asmallcommunityonAchillIsland.OlderresidentsofDooaghremembertravellingdowntothecoastlineandwalkingonthesand.Butduringastorminthe1980s,thebeachwaswashedaway.Allthatremainedwererocks,seaweedandsmallpoolsofwater.Inrecentweeks,thebeachreturned.SeanMolloyworksfortheAchillIslandTouristOffice.(6)HetoldreportersthatthesandbeganreturningtoDooaghBaylastyear.Hesaidthewaterseemedbrighterbecausetherewasmoresandbelow.Thenthisyear,afteraseriesofstormsinAprilwhenthewindwasblowinghard,thesandappearedalongthecoastline.Residentswokeuponemorningafterlowtidetosee300metersofsoftsand.AchillIslandisoneofthewestern-mostpartsofEurope.(7)AbridgeconnectstheislandwiththerestofIreland.SeanMolloysaidhehopesthebeachbecomesthesixthBlueFlagbeachonAchillIsland.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.WhatmakesresidentsofDooaghexcited?C)WhatdidSeanMolloysayaboutthebeach?D)WhatcanwelearnaboutAchillIsland?B)ConversationOneW:(8)John,areyousureyouhaven'tseenthemissingfile?Icouldhavebroughtitintothisofficewithsomeotherfiles.Pleasehavealookeverywhere.It'smarked“Confiden-tial”andithasalimitedcirculation.M:Oh,Mary.Dogoaway.I'vegotmuchworsetroublesthanalostfile.W:Butit'sserious.(9-1)Thefilehasgotallthedetailsofthenewdeskrange.Mr.Parkersaysifanyonecopiedcopiedourdesigns,itcouldputtheworkonthenewdesksbackatleastayear!(9-2)Andwe'resupposedtobelaunchingthemattheInternationalOfficeEquipmentExhibition.M:Mary,please,somethingmuchworsehasjusthappened.W:Why,what'sthematter?M:(10-1)I'vegotthesecurityofficercomingupinaminute.It'sjustamatterofalossof$300incash.W:Oh,on!Whendidthathappen,andhow?M:(10-2、11-1)Somebodycameinthismorning,bought$300worthofofficefurnitureandpaidincash.W:(11-2)Howodd.Don'tmostpeoplepaybycheque?M:Yes,usually,well,therewasnooneintheAccountsDepartment,soIwenttogetthekeyofthesafe.WhenIgotback,themoneyhadgone.W:Howterrible,John.Isityourresponsibility?Willtheyexpectyoutoreplacethemoney?M:Well,Ihaven'tgot$30,letalone$300…Oh,here'sthesecurityofficernow.W:Oh,beforeyoustart,I'mafraidIhavetoreportthelossofanimportantfile.It'saveryseriousmatter.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodoforher?A)Whatwillthespeakers'companylaunchattheInternationalOfficeEquipmentExhibition?C)Whyisthesecurityofficercomingupsoon?D)Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthepersonpayingincash?C)ConversationTwoM:Hi,everyone,todaywe'regoingtotalkaboutBritishpoliteness.(12)LotsofpeoplethinkthattheBritishareverypolite.Ithinkit'squiteold-fashioned.Londoncertainlydoesn'tfeelverypoliteinrushhourinthemorning.W:Ithinkonethingthatmakespeoplethinkwe'repoliteisthatwesay“please”and“thankyou”alot.Idon'tthinkpeoplesay“please”and“thankyou”somuchinotherplaces.M:Really?W:(13)Yeah.MySpanishfriendsaidthatwhenshefirstcametovisitBritain,whenshewenttoacafé,she'dsay“Acoffee.”not“Acoffee,please.”That'sbecauseinSpain,peopledon'tsay“please”sooften.Forme,itfeelsquiterude,quiteimpolite,ifyoudon'tsay“please”whenyouaskforsomethinginashop.M:(14)Yeah,butitcangetsillysometimes,saying“please”and“thankyou”allthetime.Anyway,justsaying“please”and“thankyou”alotdoesn'tmeanyou'repolite.IthinkLondonfeelsquiteimpolite.W:Well,capitalcitiesareoftenverydifferentfromtherestofthecountry.TheotherthingmyfriendthoughtwasfunnyaboutEnglishisourpolitelanguage,like,“Excuseme,I'mverysorry,butIwonderifIcouldaskyouaquestion.”—thatkindofthing.M:(15)Yeah,weseemtousealotofwordstosaythingswhenwewanttobepolite.Butthat'spolitelanguage—doesthatmeanthatwe'rereallymorepolitethanpeopleinothercountries?Ihavetosay,Idon'treallythinkweare,actually.W:Tobehonest,Idon'teither.Idon'treallythinktheBritishareespeciallypolite.It'sprobablythesameeverywhere—somepeopleareverypolite—andsomepeoplearenotsopolite.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.WhatdoforeignersgenerallythinkofBritishpeopleaccordingtotheman?B)WhatdoesthewomansayaboutherSpanishfriend?D)Whatdoesthemanthinkofsaying“please”and“thankyou”allthetime?A)WhatdoBritishpeopleusuallydowhentheywanttobepolite?A)SectionCOnePrimaryorelementaryeducationisthefirstyearsofformal,structurededucationthatoccursduringchildhood.InmostWesterncountries,itiscompulsoryforchildrentoreceiveprimaryeducation.Primaryeducationgenerallybeginswhenchildrenarefourtosevenyearsofage.(16)Thedivisionbetweenprimaryandsecondaryeducationissomewhatarbitrary,butitgenerallyoccursatabouttwelveyearsofage.Someeducationalsystemshaveseparatemiddleschoolsforthatperiod.Primaryandsecondaryeducationtogetheraresometimes,inparticular,inCanadaandtheUnitedStates,referredtoas“K-12”education.Typically,primaryeducationisprovidedinschools.Thechildwillstay,insteadilyadvancingclasses,untiltheycompleteitandmoveontosecondaryschools.Childrenareusuallyplacedinclasseswithoneteacherwhowillbeprimarilyresponsiblefortheireducationandwelfareforthatyear.Thisteachermaybeassistedtovaryingdegreesbysometeachersincertainsubjectareas,oftenmusicorphysicaleducation.(17)Thecontinuitywithasingleteacherandtheopportunitytobuildupacloserelationshipwiththeclassisanotablefeatureoftheprimaryeducationsystem.Overthepastfewdecades,schoolshavebeentestingvariousarrangementswhichbreakfromtheone-teacher,one-classpattern.Themajorgoalsofprimaryeducationareestablishingfoundationsinscience,geography,historyandothersocialsciences.(18)Therelativepriorityofvariousareas,andthemethodsusedtoteachthem,areanareaofconsiderablepoliticaldebate.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheardWhatcanwelearnaboutthedivisionbetweenprimaryandsecondaryeducation?C)Whatisanimportantfeatureoftheprimaryeducationsystem?D)Whatisanareaofpoliticaldisputeoverprimaryeducation?B)PassageTwoMostofusknowthattheriskofgettingillisreducedwhenwelookafterourselves.Takingregularexercisehasproventobegoodforourhealth.Scientistshavefoundthattheriskofgettingcancerandheartdiseaseisreducedwhenwetakepartinphysicalactivity.Nowthey'vefoundcyclingtoworkisoneofthebestactivitiestodothis.Thefive-yearstudyof250,000UKcommutersalsoshowedwalkinghadsomebenefitsoversittingonpublictransportortakingthecar.Cyclingtoworkisalreadypopularinmanycitiesacrosstheworld.(19)Someforward-thinkingauthoritieshavebuiltcyclelanestomakethecommutesafer,aswellasprovidingsecureplacestolockthemup.Somecompaniesalsoprovidefacilitiesfortheiremployeestogetchangedandcleanedupwhentheyarriveatwork.Itallmakesgoodsense.Accordingtopeoplesurveyedinthisstudy,regularcyclingcuttheriskofdeathfromanycauseby41%,theincidenceofcancerby45%andheartdiseaseby46%.Forme,cyclingtoworkisquickerandcheaperthanusingpublictransportandit'smyonlyformofexercise.(20)Andwhereasgoingtothegymtoloseafewpoundstakeseffortandcommitment,cyclingjustbecomepartoftheworkroutine.Butwhatexactlyisitthatismakingcyclingamuchhealthieroption?Theresearchfounditwasn'ttheresultofweightloss.(21)Itcouldbethatcyclistsareleanerandhavelowerlevelsofpaininthebody.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Whatisoneofthemeasuresforward-thinkingauthoritieshavetakentopromotecycling?A)Whatisanadvantageofcyclingcomparingtogoingtothegym?B)Whatmakescyclingahealthierchoice？C)PassageThreeTakefivecolours:red,black,blue,greenandpurple.Howdotheymakeyoufeel?Redis,ofcourse,consideredfortunateinChina.(22)Studieshaveindicatedthatred“raisesbloodpressure,”andclaimthatitstandsoutfromothercolours.Hemingwaysaysitappearstobe“comingtowardsyou,”andsoisusefulforemergencyandalarmsigns,andalsoforconveying“urgency”ingeneral.Blackhasadifferentsense.IntheWest,it'sassociatedwithdeath,butthathasn'tstoppeditbecomingamysteriouscolour.Hemingwaysaysit'sthecolourofluxurybrands:thingslike“designerwatches”areoftenblack.Blue,bycontrast,iscoolandpeaceful.Thecolourisaconstantpresenceinourlives,saysHemingway,beingthecolouroftheskyandthesea.(23)Thatgivesitanairofbeingreliable,whichmakesitafirmchoicewith“banksandcorporations.”Hemingwaysaysthisisalsowhyemergencyservicesoftenchoosethecolour.Greenis,unsurprisingly,thecolourofnatureandtheenvironment.(24)Givingaproductgreenpackagingcreatestheimpressionitisenvironmentallyfriendly.Hemingwayalsosaysthatgreenisthecolourofgrowthandmovement:it'susedtoindicate“go”ontrafficlights.Finally,wehavepurple,whichisassociatedwithvaluablethings.(25)Inthepast,purpledyewasexpensivebecauseitwasverydifficulttoproduce,anditbecamethecolourwornbyroyaltyinmanyWesterncountries.Thesedays,companiesstillusepurpletomaketheirproductseemmoreexclusive,whetherthey'resellingchocolateorcigarettes.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.Whatisthefeatureofredaccordingtostudies?B)Whydobanksandcorporationstendtochooseblue?C)Whatisthereasonforgreentobeusedforpackaging?A)Whatmakespurpleassociatedwithvaluablethings?A)PartIIIReadingComprehensionSectionA选项归类名词：A)attempt努力，企图； D)extent程度，长度；J)place地方，职位；B)designated危险，风险；动词：A)attempt努力，企图； B)designated任命，选定；C)engage参与，吸引； H)overwhelming使不知所措；I)persuade说服，劝服； J)place放置，安排；L)risk使遭受风险； M)struggled拼搏，奋斗；Ntried尝试，努力;形容词：B)designated指定的，选定的； F)nonexistent不存在的；G)obvious明显的，易理解的； H)overwhelming难以抗拒的，巨大的；O)uninteresting无趣的，令人厌倦的副词：E)innovatively创新的； K)rigidly严格地，僵化地；答案解析答案：Ntried因此空格处应填入动词的过去分词形式。通读下文内容可知，作者和同事爱丽丝采取了一种新的教学方式，而此处是说他们两个从前没有尝试过类似的事情，故N)tried为本题答案。27.答案：C)engage【详解】towhich结合语境可知，这样做的目的是使学生参与到学习过程中。故C)engage“参与，吸引”为本题答案。让学生参与学习，因此此处是说这本书激励我们改变教学方式，重视学习兴趣，而不再让学生只为了考试成绩而挣扎奋斗，故M)struggled“拼搏，奋斗”为本题答案。此教学楼里很明显会有一种学习的紧迫感，故G)obvious“明显的，易理解的”为本题答案。30.答案：H)overwhelming题答案。31.答案：K)rigidly【详解】：分析句子结构可知，本句句子成分完整，故应填入副词修饰aligned。该句提到，教15·马丁、冰钓和制图学等过时的文章，可推测这种教学安排非常严格死板，故K)rigidly“严格地，僵化地”为本题答案。A)attempt为本题答案，以表明教育部门这么做的意图。【详解】andcondescending作者说自己拒绝教授教育部门规定的教学内容，并解释其原因就是这些内容没有趣味性，故O)uninteresting主语。上文提到，作者拒绝教授教育部门规定的教学内容，此处是说“他们认为教育部门所的课程不会让学生感受到阅读和写作的乐趣”，备选项中B)designated“指定的，选定的”符合语境，故为本题答案。【详解】：空格前是定冠词the，且前面有动词take，因此空格处应填入名词作take的宾语。为本题答案，taketheriskSectionBA)~D)段描述了亚马逊的成功并对其隐患进行了分析。J)~L)段指出了亚马逊成功背后的真正风险：随着公司的发展，政府会对其严加监管。答案解析F)性循环。soundcircles，e-commerce,AWSAlexavoiceservice定位到原文F)段。【详解】：F)段末句提到，该公司的语音助手亚历克萨开始呈现出第三种良性循环：随着开发者为亚历克萨构建服务，它对消费者更有用了，这让开发者有理由去创建更多的服务。由Athirdvirtuouscircle该段还讲述了亚马逊的另外两个良性循环。该段第一、二句提到了亚马逊由此可知，该段分别介绍了亚马逊呈良性循环的三个方面：e-commerce,AWSAlexavoiceservice。题干F)为答案。答案：J)反垄断诉讼。lesschance,antitrustcustomerspositivecomments定位到原文J)段画线处。然后画线部分的第二句进行了转折，表明亚马逊目前还不会触发反垄断行动。紧接着解释了两个原因：一是亚马逊还不是美国最大的零售商；另一个是亚马逊还不符合美国反垄断执法部门对企业考查的标准。由此可知，亚马逊作为零售商的规模还不是最大，并且消费者对其评价很好，故美国反垄断执法部门目前还不太可能对亚马逊提出反垄断诉讼。题干中的itsscaleasaretailer和customers'positivecomments分别对应定位句中的notyetthebiggestretailer和Consu-mersapplaudit,故J)为答案。D)·贝索斯。potentialperils，competitorsJeffBezosD)段画线处。马逊面临的两个隐患是由其竞争对手和领导者造成的。题干中的potentialperils对应定位句中的pitfallscompetitorsD)为答案。A)产品。sellbooksonline,providingcloudcomputingphysicalproductsA)段画线处。usedtosellbooks和providingcloudcomputing分Theformerbooksellerproviderofcloudcomputing，A)为答案。I)技术和无人机送货在内的商务基础设施。infrastructureof，KentuckydronedeliveryI)段。【详解】：I)段第一句提到亚马逊提供的很多服务对亚马逊自身的发展以及其他公司的发展都有有可能使其成为提供商务基础设施和公共事业。题干中的rentalwarehousespace,logisticscenter和checkout-free分别对应定位句中的rentswarehousespace,air-freighthubskipthecashregisterI)为答案。K)查麻烦。regulators，technologyantitrustK)段。【详解】：K)段从两个角度分析了亚马逊将来可能面临反垄断调查的原因：前两句分析了一个原因，亚马逊的发展令人们对其影响力的担忧随之增长，并以亚马逊的预期收入为例进行说明；第三句分析了第二个原因，监管机构正在改变对科技的看法，并在接下来的两句中分别以谷歌和数字平台为例进行说明。题干中的ThedevelopmentofAmazon和thechangingattitudeofregulatorstowardstechnology分别对应定位句中的itgrows和regulatorsarealsochangingthewaytheythinkabouttechnologyK)为答案。答案：E)有遭遇到和其他公司同行一样的压力。【详解】：E)段画线部分将其他公司的高管们和亚马逊的高管进行了对比，表明其他公司的高管资以推动其两大主要业务。题干中的forward-looking对应定位句中的thedistanthorizon;continuinginvestingcontinualinvestmentE)为答案。答案：B)比。marketvalue，profithistoryB)段画线处。【详解】：B)段定位句表明，此前从未有过一家公司能维持如此高的市值这么久，却赚取如此少的钱：其922020年以后的预期盈利。题干中的sohighinmarketvalue和noothercompanyinhistorycanmatchwithit分别对应定位句中的worthsomuch和Neverbeforehasacompany;sosmallinprofitmakingsolittlemoneyB)为答案。G)【译文】：尽管亚马逊在制造智能手机方面遭受过挫折，但这一业务如今开始盈利了。setbacksmartphonesG)段处。业务开始获得大量收益，题干中的setback和turningaprofit分别是对定位句中debacle和crankoutcashG)为答案。答案：C)【译文】：投资者对亚马逊的双重预期暗示着该公司有可能成为美国最赚钱的公司。investors，expectationsinAmericaC)段画线处。：C)段画线部分第一句指出，投资人对亚马逊的收入和利润两方面都有的预期；第二句中的Thehopes指代第一句中的双重预期。由此可知，投资人对亚马逊的收入和利润两方面的预期暗示着其可能会成为美国盈利最高的一家公司。题干中的suggest和islikelyto分别是定位句中implyprobablythemostprofitablecompanmoreprofitablethananyotherfirm,故C)为答案。SectionCPassageOne全文翻译：你认为今天的孩子想成为医生或者律师？不是的。（46-1）YouTube明星是当今年轻人的头号梦想职业，至少根据一家英国报纸的一项广泛调查来看，情况是这样的。（46-2）20而这种压力对包括埃森娜·奥尼尔在内的一些人而言都太大了。埃森娜·奥尼尔以前是社交媒体人，24·里居装饰到她领养一只可爱的小狗。这些明星大多数都在20岁到26岁之间。（49）与电影明星或摇滚明星不同，这些视频明星独自做大部分的工作。他们负责所有事务：策划、制作、扮演、导演、剪辑、编程、推广和营不仅疲惫，而且接近崩溃的原因。自从她开始YouTube直播以来，她已经几近疯狂的克服并突破了焦虑的界限。（48）她在看心里学专家，也在服用药物。这对她而言有效果。YouTube就是让某种不可能成瘾的事情成为自己的职业。任何拥有Facebook，TwitterInstagram号的人都很熟悉炫耀的冲动。但是，现在想象一下，正是数以百万计的点击率、点赞和粉丝将这不要成为一个品牌。花一些时间，再次成为一个人。详解详析：答案：C)YouTubestardom,numberoneyoungpeople定位到第一段第三句和第二段首句。YouTube明星是当今年轻人的头号梦想职业。接着，第二段首句指明原因，其吸引力是显而易见的：一些20多岁的人正通过在线玩电子游戏或分享美容秘诀赚取数百万。由此可知，年轻人受到这种赚钱方式的吸引，因此想成为YouTube明星，只是一种赚钱的方式，并不是原因，故排除；B)“他们认为这是最好的谋生方式”，此处为绝对排除。D)EssenaONeill定位到第二段第二至三句。能不再是社交媒体明星了，故答案为D)。A)“她因爱情生活而焦虑”，由定位句可知她的抑郁症和焦虑症状与爱情生活无关，故排除；B)“她假装真实、易接近”，定位句提到他们不得不无除；C)“她的债务和工作负担过重”，文中并没有提及债务，故排除。D)LaurenRiihimaki各选项内容定位到第五段最后两句。个挑战。第五段继续对她的情况进行说明：她不仅疲惫，而且接近崩溃。最后定位部分指出，她故答案为D)。A)“她领养了不止一只小狗”，文中并没有具体说她一共领养了几只小狗，故排除；B)“她处在困惑、混乱的边缘”，文章只提到她不仅疲惫，而且接近崩溃，并未提及困惑混乱等信息，故排除；C)“她变得敏感和疯狂”，文章提到自从她开始YouTube直播以来，她已经几近疯狂的克服并突破了焦虑的界限，并非指她本人疯狂，故排除。A)moviestarsorrockstarsvideostars定位到第四段第二至三句。D)