中考英语人教版语法专项复习 专题一 名词

中考英语人教版专项复习专题一名词目录01.解析02.模拟考题01解析图解语法考点1

名词的数可数名词1.单数可数名词前可以加冠词a或ana

university一所大学

an

hour一个小时2.可数名词复数形式的构成规则（1）一般名词后直接加-s,

如：doctor→doctors医生（2）以-s,

-x,

-ch,

-sh结尾的名词后加-es,如：bus→buses公共汽车

box→boxes盒子

（3）以"辅音字母+-y"结尾的名词，变y为i再加-es,如：baby→babies婴儿

study→studies书房

（4）以"元音字母+-y"结尾的名词，直接加-s,如：boy→boys男孩

day→days天key→keys钥匙

（5）以-f或-fe结尾的名词，大多数变f或fe为v再加-es,如：leaf→leaves叶子

knife→knives刀（6）以-o结尾的名词,有些加-s，有些加-es，如：photo→photos照片

hero→heroes英雄tomato→tomatoes西红柿3.可数名词的不规则复数形式（1）一些可数名词的单、复数不同形。如：child→children孩子

man→men男人mouse→mice老鼠

foot→feet脚（2）一些可数名词的单、复数同形。如：sheep羊

fish鱼

deer鹿tooth→teeth牙齿不可数名词

有些名词既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词，但词义不同。1chicken可数鸡不可数鸡肉2glass可数玻璃杯不可数玻璃3paper可数报纸；试卷不可数纸4experience可数经历不可数经验5room可数房间不可数空间6time可数次数；倍数不可数时间7work可数作品不可数工作8exercise可数习题不可数锻炼续表考点2

名词所有格-'s所有格的用法类型构成示例单数名词一般在词尾加-'sJack's

teacher杰克的老师yesterday's

news昨天的新闻以-s结尾的专有名词，在词尾加-'s或-'James's/James'

book詹姆斯的书类型构成示例复数名词以-s结尾的加-'ten

hours'

ride十小时的车程three

years'

work三年的工作不以-s结尾的加-'schildren's

books童书women's

clothes女装续表（1）表示两人或多人共有时，只在最后一个名词后加-'s;表示各自所有时，每个名词后均加-'s。如：①Paul

and

Mark's

mother保罗和马克的妈妈（两人有同一个母亲）②Paul's

and

Mark's

mothers保罗的妈妈和马克的妈妈（两人有各自的母亲）（2）表示店铺、公司、学校、医院或某人的家时，所有格后的名词常省略。如：①I

came

over

to

Peter's,

but

he

was

at

his

uncle's.

我去了彼得家，但他在他叔叔家。②He

has

just

been

back

from

the

shoemaker's.

他刚从鞋店回来。of所有格的用法

of所有格主要用于表示无生命事物的名词的所有关系，其结构为of+名词。如：

the

end

of

the

week周末

the

use

of

water水的使用

有时-'s所有格可与of所有格互换。如：the

school's

rules=the

rules

of

the

school学校规定双重所有格的用法构成示例of+-'sstudents

of

Mr.

Li's李老师的学生of+名词性物主代词that

report

of

yours你的那篇报告双重所有格与一般所有格所表达的意思有所不同。如：①This

is

a

picture

of

Mr.

Li's.

这是李先生的一张照片。（指李先生所拥有的一张照片，但不一定是他本人的照片）②This

is

a

picture

of

Mr.

Li.

这是李先生的一张照片。（指李先生本人的照片）考点3

名词词义辨析

安徽中考对名词词义辨析的考查主要呈现如下两个特点：以语境为依托

请根据所给语境，结合加黑关键词试练下面的题目：1.Don't

tell

Mom

about

this

present.

I

want

to

give

her

a

___.BA.speech

B.surprise

C.sense

D.secret2.If

you

make

a（n）___,

you

must

follow

it,

or

you

won't

be

trusted

by

others.DA.mistake

B.excuse

C.speech

D.promise3.As

the

"mother

river

of

China",

the

Yellow

River

is

the

___

of

the

spirit

of

the

Chinese

people.AA.symbol

B.background

C.dream

D.success4.The

little

boy

is

missing

and

his

parents

are

worried

about

his

___

very

much.DA.happiness

B.future

C.health

D.safety5.—Studying

for

tests

makes

you

tired;

studying

for

your

own

___

makes

you

successful.—That's

true.

We

should

try

to

discover

the

fun

of

study.DA.subject

B.secret

C.problem

D.pleasure融入中国元素［2023.77；2021.25］

请根据所给语境，结合加黑关键词试练下面的题目：6.Chinese

poetry

is

an

important

part

of

fine

traditional

Chinese

culture.

With

its

wide

___,

more

fine

traditional

Chinese

culture

will

be

introduced

to

the

world.BA.wish

B.spread

C.road

D.victory7.The

idiom（成语）

"Mengzi's

mother

makes

three

moves"

tells

of

a

mother

who

did

all

she

could

to

provide

the

best

___

for

her

child.CA.experience

B.instruction

C.environment

D.information8.The

saying

"One

tree

can't

make

a

forest"

tells

us

the

___

of

teamwork.AA.importance

B.effort

C.pride

D.purpose9.—Dad,

it's

difficult

for

me

to

clean

the

whole

yard

on

my

own.—Why

not

ask

your

brother

for

help?

Many

___make

light

work.DA.lessons

B.teams

C.choices

D.hands语境小测Ⅰ.单项填空1.—Lucy,

how

about

going

to

the

___?—Sounds

great!

Reading

books

can

give

us

much

pleasure.AA.library

B.cinema

C.museum

D.concert2.My

grandma

is

good

at

paper-cutting.

She

can

cut

out

pictures

in

the

___

of

cartoon

characters.CA.ability

B.weight

C.shape

D.quality3.Teachers

sometimes

work

as

a（n）

___to

help

you

out

and

lead

your

life

to

the

right

way.DA.officer

B.musician

C.engineer

D.guide4.—Kids

often

feel

better

in

a

happy

family.—That's

true.

A

happy

family

provides

a

loving

___

for

its

children.DA.expression

B.introduction

C.instruction

D.environment5.—Why

could

you

write

so

well?—I

read

a

lot,

and

the

works

of

Ernest

Hemingway

had

a

strong

___

on

me

as

a

child.DA.relationship

B.explanation

C.situation

D.influenceⅡ.单词拼写1.I've

put

a

m_____（记号）

on

the

map

where

I

think

we

should

go

for

a

picnic.ark2.Students

are

encouraged

to

develop

a

good

h_____（习惯）

of

lifelong

learning.abit3.The

singer

is

good

at

playing

the

g______（吉他）and

making

wonderful

music.uitar4.P______（称赞）,

like

sunlight,

helps

all

things

to

grow.raise5.No

smoking

in

public

places

is

good

for

people's

h_______（健康）.ealth语篇提升

阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。plan

interest

train

surprisecity

tourist

house

people

It

was

the

fifth

day

of

our

Italian

journey.

Dad

offered

to

take

us

to

the

ancient

city

of

Pompeii.

I

didn't

really

want

to

go

because

I

had

no

1.________

in

old

cities.interest

We

went

there

by

2.______.

On

the

way,

Dad

told

us

about

the

history.

Many

years

ago,

Pompeii

was

a

large

city

near

a

volcano（火山）.

The

volcano

broke

out

and

completely

covered

the

3._____

in

ashes（灰烬）.Thousands

of

4._______

were

killed.

But

the

buildings

remained

there.

Now,

many

5.________

come

here

to

see

them.

I

had

thought

it

was

boring

to

visit

those

old

6._______,

but

I

was

wrong.

They

were

interesting!

Most

of

their

rooms

had

fine

paintings.

Dad

usually

makes

bad

7.______

but

this

time

he

gets

it

right,

finally.

What

a

8._________!

I

got

really

interested

in

Pompeii.traincitypeopletouristshousesplanssurprise02模拟考题Ⅰ.单项填空1.[2023福建中考改编]

—How

is

the

___

today?—It's

hot.

You

don't

need

to

wear

the

coat.AA.weather

B.traffic

C.price

D.role2.[2023广西中考改编]

My

mother

is

a

___

in

Zhongshan

Hospital.

She

has

saved

many

people's

lives.BA.singer

B.doctor

C.writer

D.cleaner3.[2023合肥瑶海区一模]

—You

look

pretty

well!—I've

changed

a

lot

by

developing

good

life

___

and

doing

more

exercise.DA.tasks

B.choices

C.grades

D.habits4.［原创新题］Pandas

are

China's

national

___

and

they

stand

for

peace

and

friendship.BA.heroes

B.treasures

C.matters

D.interests5.［原创新题］Don't

make

a

___

any

more.

I'm

really

tired

of

tidying

up

after

you.CA.promise

B.change

C.mess

D.wish6.Both

happiness

and

pain

are

___

in

life.

They

bring

us

valuable

life

experience.AA.wealth

B.trouble

C.danger

D.inventionⅡ.单词拼写1.A

country

will

be

full

of

h_____（希望）

and

will

have

a

bright

future

when

its

people

have

dreams

and

abilities.ope2.Chinese

characters（汉字）

play

an

important

r____（角色）

in

passing

on

Chinese

language

and

culture.ole3.Over

the

years,

gongbao

chicken

has

become

one

of

the

most

popular

d

______（菜肴）

in

Chinese

restaurants

throughout

the

world.ishes4.Life

is

always

full

of

b______（美）

as

long

as

you

watch

carefully.eauty5.The

Book

of

Poetry,the

earliest

collection

of

poems,

is

of

great

value

in

Chinese

h_______（历史）.istory语篇填空

请根据首字母、汉语提示及短文内容写出所缺单词。

22-year-old

Michael

has

become

an

example

of

young

people

because

of

his

story

of

1.s_______（成功）.

He

was

born

in

a

very

poor

family

with

five

people.

When

he

was