【英语】陕西省西安市周至县2023-2024学年高三上学期第一次模拟考试试题(解析版)

陕西省西安市周至县2023-2024学年高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACOMPETITION!Woo-hoo!Getyourcamerasandsmartphonesattheready,becauseit’stimeforthisyear’sNGKIDSphotographycompetition.WhatyouneedtoknowCompetitionisopenonlytolegalresidentsoftheUKandIrelandwhoarebetweentheagesof7and14.WehaveTHREEcategoriesinthecompetition—animals,peopleandenvironment(anewcategorystartedthisyear).YoucanenterasmanycategoriesasyoulikebutjustONEphotopercategory,please!Allphotosshouldbesentthroughourwebsite.Ifyou’venotalreadyregistered,youoryourparentwillneedtodosoatnatgeokids.com/uk/photocomp—itwillonlytakeaminutetodo!YoucansubmitONEphotoforeachofthethreecategories.PhotosshouldbeinJPEGformat,between1MBand5MBinsize.Enteratnatgeokids.com/uk/photocomp.Beforeyousubmityourphoto,makesureyourenameitwithyourfullnameandthecategoryyouareentering.Forexample,Joe-Bloggs-Animals.jpg.Don’tforgettotellusyourfullname,dateofbirthandthetitleofyourphoto!TheprizesOurStarPrizeisafamilyholidayinMorocco!Andthat’snotall!Eachcategorywinnerwillwinanumberofprizestoo,includinganamazingNikonCOOLPIXW150camera,whichisbuilttogoanywhere.Theclosingdateis23:59(GMT)on21October2020.Winnerswillbenotifiedbefore18November2020.1.Howisthisyear’scompetitiondifferentfromthatoflastyear?A.Ithasanewcategory.B.Itlastsaboutonemonthlonger.C.Itisopentokidsfromaroundtheworld.D.Itwillgivemorethanoneprizetowinners.2.Howmanyphotoscanbesubmittedatmostbyanapplicant?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Five.3.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Itwilltakealongtimetoregister.B.AllthewinnerscangoforafamilyholidayinUK.C.Thephotoscanbesubmittedon18November2020.D.Onemustrenamethephotowithfullnameandthecategory.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。广告介绍了儿童摄影比赛的有关事宜。【答案】1.A2.C3.D【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Whatyouneedtoknow第一段中“WehaveTHREEcategoriesinthecompetition—animals,peopleandenvironment(anewcategorystartedthisyear).(我们的比赛分为三个类别：动物、人和环境(今年开始的一个新类别)。)”可知，今年的比赛有一个新的类别，这一点不同于去年。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Whatyouneedtoknow第二段中“YoucansubmitONEphotoforeachofthethreecategories.(您可以为三个类别中的每一个提交一张照片。)”可知，三个类别中每个类别可以提交一张，所以申请人最多可提交3张照片。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Whatyouneedtoknow第三段中“Beforeyousubmityourphoto,makesureyourenameitwithyourfullnameandthecategoryyouareentering.(在提交照片之前，请确保用你的全名和所输入的类别重命名它。)”可知，必须用全名和类别重命名照片。故选D项。BChloeRickettsisonly15yearsold,butshe’salreadysignedaprofessionalcontractwiththeWashingtonSpiritsoccerteam.ThatmakeshertheyoungestplayerevertosignwiththeNationalWomen’sSoccerLeague(NWSL).ChloebeganworkingoutwiththeWashingtonSpiritteaminJanuary.ShetrainedwiththeteaminFloridaandVirginia.Duringtraining,Chloeimpressedtheteam’smanagerswithherabilitytocompetewiththeotherprofessionalplayers,whichledtheteamtoofferherthecontract.Forherpart,ChloesaysthechancetoplayfortheWashingtonSpiritis“adreamcometrue”.ChloeisfromDexter,Michigan.Shestartedplayingsoccerwhenshewasseven.Sheclaimsthatatthetime,shewas“theworstontheteam”.However,sheimprovedthroughhardwork,extratraining,andstayinglateafterpractice.Itdidn’ttakeherlongtobeginmovingupinthesoccerworld.In2021,sheplayedonagirlsteam,whichwenttothenationalfinalsoftheEliteClubsNationalLeague.Shealsoplayedonaboysteam,the2007BoysAnnArborTigers,whichwontheMichiganStateCupthatyear.InJanuaryof2022,ChloesignedwithAFCAnnArbor—ateamthat’spartofUSLLeagueTwo.USLLeagueTwohelpsdevelopplayersfortheNWSL.WhenshejoinedAFCAnnArbor,Chloewasjust14—theyoungestplayerevertojointheclub.Now,asshejoinsWashingtonSpirit,Chloeisinthe10thgrade.Whilesheisplayingwiththeteam,Chloewillcontinuetogotoschoolonline.ButChloeisn’tthefirst15-year-oldtoplayfortheNWSL.TheNWSLusedtohavearulesayingthatnooneundertheageof18couldjoinitsteams.Butin2021,another15-year-old,OliviaMoultrie,tooktheleaguetocourt.4.WhatmadetheWashingtonSpiritsoccerteamsignacontractwithChloe?A.Herskills. B.Herexperience. C.Hercharacter. D.Herreputation.5.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeChloe?A.Careful. B.Easy-going. C.Far-sighted. D.Hard-working6.OnwhichteamdidChloewintheMichiganStateCup?A.AFCAnnArbor. B.USLLeagueTwo.C.The2007BoysAnnArborTigers. D.TheEliteClubsNationalLeague.7.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.WashingtonSpiritrevisedaruletotakeinChloe.B.OliviaMoultrietooktheleadinWashingtonSpirit.C.Chloevalueshereducationduringplayingfootball.D.Chloe’sparticipationmakesherteammuchstronger.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了15岁的女孩ChloeRicketts加入了美国女子足球联赛，成为最年轻的NWSL签约运动员的故事。【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.C【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Duringtraining,Chloeimpressedtheteam’smanagerswithherabilitytocompetewiththeotherprofessionalplayers,whichledtheteamtoofferherthecontract.(在训练期间，Chloe以其与其他职业球员竞争的能力给球队的经理留下了深刻的印象，这使得球队向她提供了合同)”可知，是Chloe的技能使华盛顿精神足球队与她签约。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“However,sheimprovedthroughhardwork,extratraining,andstayinglateafterpractice.(然而，她通过刻苦训练、额外训练和练习后熬夜，进步了很多)”可推知，Chloe非常勤奋。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Shealsoplayedonaboysteam,the2007BoysAnnArborTigers,whichwontheMichiganStateCupthatyear.(她还参加了2007年男子安阿伯老虎队，并在当年赢得了密歇根州立杯)”可知，Chloe赢得密歇根州杯时供职于2007BoysAnnArborTigers。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Whilesheisplayingwiththeteam,Chloewillcontinuetogotoschoolonline.(当她和球队一起玩的时候，克洛伊将继续在网上上学)”可推知，Chloe在踢足球时，也重视自己的教育。故选C。CThefishermenofSenegalhavejoinedforcestoprotectoneoftheocean’smostendangeredspecies—theseaturtle,aclassiccaseof“poacherturnedgamekeeper”.ThecoastalwatersofSenegalinWestAfricaarehometoseveralspeciesofseaturtleswhichareallbeautifulcreaturesbutareaffectedbypollution,poachingandevenfishingnets.“Oncewewerethebiggesteatersofturtles,nowwehavebecometheirbiggestprotectors,”saidAbdouKarimSall,afishermanwholedtheManagementCommitteefortheMarineProtectedAre(MPA)ofJoal-Fadiouth.TheJoal-FadiouthMPA,coveringabout174squarekilometers,wasfoundedin2004,andit’supheldbythegovernment,localauthoritiesandseveralassociations.Itisanareaaimedatprotectingmarineecosystem,habitatsandspecies,includingendangeredspeciesliketheseaturtle.Itsbenefitsareobvious:maintainingbiodiversity,increasingfishcatchesonfishinggrounds,aswellaseconomicdevelopment.Foralongtime,Sallhasbeenworkingtoraiselocalawarenessofseaturtleprotection.“Evenformerturtlesellershavebeen‘changed’byreceivingthreesmallboatstotaketouriststosea,”hesaid.Insteadofstrictrestrictions,theJoal-FadiouthMPAhasbeentryingtoeducatelocalcommunitiesabouttheeconomicbenefitssothattheywouldjointheproject.“It’saftertheyaretold:‘It’sanendangeredspecies’,”Sallsaid.Localresidentshavealsosetouttoprotectthenests.Duringsummerandfall,afewdozenturtlesmaystoptolayeggsonthebeachesofJoal-Fadiouth.MPAagentsandvillagevolunteersprotesttheirnestswithfences.“Peoplecomeat6a.m.sothatotheranimalsdonottaketheyoung.”saidSall.Salladdedthenumberofturtleshaddecreasedbyabout30%inthepast20years,andchancesofsurvivalofayoungturtlewerenohigherthanoneinathousand.Butthefisherman-conservatoragreed,“Awarenesshasnotworked100%.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“upheld”inParagraph4mean?A.Hurt. B.Ignored. C.Supported. D.Paused.9.WhichofthefollowingisthemeasuretakenbytheJoal-FadiouthMPAtoprotectseaturtles?A.Buildingmorenestsforturtlestolayeggs.B.Placingstrictrestrictionstoeducatethecommunities.C.Providingdifferentmeansoftransportationforturtlesellers.D.Publicizingtheeconomicbenefitsoftheproject.10.Whatwillmostprobablybetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.ThemistakestheMPAhasmade.B.Thedangerseaturtlesstillfacefromfishermen.C.TheargumentabouttheMarineProtectedArea.D.ThebenefitsbroughtbytheMarineProtectedArea.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.FishermenofSenegalhavejoinedtogethertoprotectseaturtles.B.SeaturtlesinSenegalareendangeredbecauseofhumanactivities.C.ThesituationofseaturtlesinSenegalhasbeenimprovessignificantly.D.TheMarineProtectedAreahasplayedanimportantroleinprotectingfishes.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是塞内加尔的渔民联合起来，保护海龟这一濒危物种，成为“捕食者转变为守护者”的典型案例。【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线句后文“Itisanareaaimedatprotectingmarineecosystem,habitatsandspecies,includingendangeredspeciesliketheseaturtle.Itsbenefitsareobvious:maintainingbiodiversity,increasingfishcatchesonfishinggrounds,aswellaseconomicdevelopment.(这是一个旨在保护海洋生态系统、栖息地和物种的区域，包括海龟等濒危物种。它的好处是显而易见的：维持生物多样性，增加渔场的渔获量，以及经济发展)”可知，Joal-Fadiouth海洋保护区好处很多，因此推断政府、地方当局和几个协会都给与了支持。划线词与C项“支持”意思一致。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Insteadofstrictrestrictions,theJoal-FadiouthMPAhasbeentryingtoeducatelocalcommunitiesabouttheeconomicbenefitssothattheywouldjointheproject.(Joal-Fadiouth海洋保护区没有采取严格的限制，而是一直在努力教育当地社区有关经济效益的知识，以便他们加入这个项目)”可知，Joal-Fadiouth海洋保护区通过教育当地社区有关经济效益的知识，以便塞内加尔渔民加入这个项目。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Salladdedthenumberofturtleshaddecreasedbyabout30%inthepast20years,andchancesofsurvivalofayoungturtlewerenohigherthanoneinathousand.Butthefisherman-conservatoragreed,“Awarenesshasnotworked100%.”(萨尔补充说，在过去的20年里，海龟的数量减少了大约30%，一只小海龟的存活率不超过千分之一。但这位渔民兼保护人员也同意，“意识并没有100%起作用。”)”可知，本段讲述的是在过去的20年里，海龟的数量大量减少，小海龟的存活率不超过千分之一，后文应该承接此处导致海龟数量下降的原因以及海龟面临着来自于渔民的危险。由此推知，B选项“Thedangerseaturtlesstillfacefromfishermen.(海龟仍然面临着来自渔民的危险)”承接前文信息，符合文意。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ThefishermenofSenegalhavejoinedforcestoprotectoneoftheocean’smostendangeredspecies—theseaturtle,aclassiccaseof“poacherturnedgamekeeper”.(塞内加尔的渔民们联合起来保护海洋中最濒危的物种之一——海龟，这是一个“偷猎者变成猎场看守人”的经典案例)”以及通读全文，文章讲述的是塞内加尔的渔民联合起来，保护海龟这一濒危物种，成为“捕食者转变为守护者”的典型案例。由此可知，A选项“FishermenofSenegalhavejoinedtogethertoprotectseaturtles.(塞内加尔渔民联合起来保护海龟)”概括文章主要内容，符合题意。故选A。DSince2001,robotictoolshaverevolutionizedthepracticeofsurgery.Theyhavegreatlyreducedthestressandphysicaldemandsnormallyplacedonsurgeonsandhavemadecertainprocedurespossible.Oneexampleis“keyholesurgery”,orminimallyinvasive(微创)surgery,whichnormallyrequiressurgeonstostandatawkwardanglesandmakedifficultmovementswiththeirhandstomakeacutinsidethepatient.ButinJune2022,surgeonJamesAnsellused3Dglassesandtwostickstocontrolfourroboticarmstoperformaproceduretoremoveacanceroustumor.“Mycolleaguesaid...thatthisfeelslikecheating,”AnsellsaidtoTheGuardian.Anotherareaofsurgerythathashadmajortechnologicalbreakthroughsinrecentyearsistelesurgery.Normally,telesurgeryreliesonawiredconnectionduetoconcernsofharmingthepatientshouldawirelessconnectiondropduringsurgery,butChinamadeseveraladvancementsinwirelesstelesurgerybasedon5Gtechnology.Chinaachievedthefirst5G-basedremoteoperationinMarch2019involvingabrainsurgeryprocedurebetweenasurgeoninSanyaandapatientinBeijing,adistancetotalingnearly3,000kilometers.Morerecently,ateamofsurgeonssuccessfullycompletedremotemicron-leveleyesurgeryonrabbitslocatedinadifferentcity.TherabbitswereattheSunYat-senUniversityinGuangzhbù,Guangdongprovince,whereasthesurgicalteamwhooperatedonthemviaa5GrobotwereattheHainanEyeHospitalinHaikou,Hainanprovince.Lookingtothefuture,peoplehopethatremotesurgerycouldbecomecommonplacetohelphealinjuredsoldiersonthebattlefieldwhilekeepingsurgeonsatasafedistance.Someevenbelievethatroboticsystems,combinedwithAI,couldonedayexceedhumansurgeons.But,givencurrenttechnologicallimitationsandthehighcostsoftheserobotswhichcancostmillionsofdollars,thecompleterobottakeoverofsurgerymaystillbeawhileoff.12.Whatdoesthe“keyholesurgery”exampleintendtoshow?A.Greatcomplexityofroboticsurgery.B.Physicalchallengessurgeonsface.C.Surgicalprogressenabledbyrobotictools.D.Urgentneedforadvanced3Dtechnology.13.WhatsignificantachievementdidChinamakeinthefieldoftelesurgery?A.Achievingremotesurgeryusingawiredconnection.B.Completingsuccessfullyremoteeyesurgeryonhumans.C.Conductinga5G-basedremoteoperationonrabbitsoverseas.D.Performingthefirstwirelessbrainsurgerywith5Gtechnology.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetextaboutrobotsinthemedicalfield?A.Theyarequiteaffordable.B.Theyarecurrentlyinhighdemand.C.Theyhavenotbeenwidelyused.D.Theyhavegonebeyondhumancapabilities.15.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.RoboticSurgeryUses5GTechnologyB.KeyholeSurgeryBenefitsHumanBeingsC.AutonomousRobotAchievesGreatProgressD.MedicalRoboticsRevolutionizesSurgeryMethod【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是医疗机器人技术的进步。机器人工具在手术实践中引起了巨大的变化。它们大大减轻了外科医生通常承受的压力和体力要求，并使某些手术成为可能。【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.D【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Since2001,robotictoolshaverevolutionizedthepracticeofsurgery.Theyhavegreatlyreducedthestressandphysicaldemandsnormallyplacedonsurgeonsandhavemadecertainprocedurespossible.(自2001年以来，机器人工具已经彻底改变了手术实践。它们大大减轻了外科医生通常承受的压力和体力要求，并使某些手术成为可能。)”可知，第二段“keyholesurgery”是对第一段的举例，即机器人工具对手术方面有积极影响。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Chinaachievedthefirst5G-basedremoteoperationinMarch2019involvingabrainsurgeryprocedurebetweenasurgeoninSanyaandapatientinBeijing,adistancetotalingnearly3,000kilometers.(2019年3月，中国实现了第一次基于5G的远程手术，在三亚的一名外科医生和北京的一名患者之间进行了脑部手术，距离总计近3000公里。)”可知，中国在远程手术方面实现了第一次基于5G的脑部手术。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“But,givencurrenttechnologicallimitationsandthehighcostsoftheserobotswhichcancostmillionsofdollars,thecompleterobottakeoverofsurgerymaystillbeawhileoff.(但是，考虑到目前的技术限制和这些机器人的高成本(可能要花费数百万美元)，机器人完全接管手术可能还需要一段时间。)”可知，机器人运用在医学领域的成本很高，由此可推断出目前并没有广泛使用。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Since2001,robotictoolshaverevolutionizedthepracticeofsurgery.Theyhavegreatlyreducedthestressandphysicaldemandsnormallyplacedonsurgeonsandhavemadecertainprocedurespossible.(自2001年以来，机器人工具已经彻底改变了手术实践。它们大大减轻了外科医生通常承受的压力和体力要求，并使某些手术成为可能。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要描述了机器人技术对医疗领域产生的改变，所以D选项“MedicalRoboticsRevolutionizesSurgeryMethod(医疗机器人革命性地改变了手术方法)”是最佳标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Friendshipscanenrichyourlifeinmanyways.Goodfriendsteachyouaboutyourselfandchallengeyoutobebetter.Theyalsohaveapositiveimpactonyourhealth.____16____?●Friendsencouragehealthybehaviors.Onepossibleexplanationforthosehealthbenefitsisthatfriendshipscanhelpyoumakelifestylechangesthatcanhaveadirectimpactonyourwell-being.Forexample,yourfriendscanhelpyousetandmaintaingoalstoeatbetterandexercisemore.●Friendsgiveyouemotionalsupport.____17____,havingafriendtohelpyouthroughcanmakethetransitioneasier.Researchalsoshowsthathappinessiscontagious(有感染力的)amongfriends.Onestudyofhighschoolstudentsfoundthatthosewhoweredepressedweretwiceaslikelytorecoveriftheyhadhappyfriends.____18____.●Friendshelpbuildyourconfidence.Everyonehasself-doubtsandinsecuritieseverynowandthen.____19____.They’llshinealightonjusthowamazingyouareandhowmuchyouhavetoofferothers.●____20____.Greatfriendshavethepowertomold(塑造)youintothebestversionofyourself.Theyseeyouandloveyouforwhoyoutrulyare.Theyencourageyouandpushyoutodobetterandbethepersonyouwanttobe—your“idealself”.A.FriendspushyoutobeyourbestB.Sohowdofriendshipscontributetoyourwell-beingC.IfyoufindyourselfgoingthroughahardtimeD.FriendshelpyoubeatstressE.ParentscanalsohelpyoucopewithstressfulsituationsF.Likewise,kidswerehalfaslikelytodevelopdepressioniftheirfriendshada“healthymood”G.Butsupportivefriendscanhelpyoufeelconfidentbyofferingpraisewhenyou’refeelingunsure【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。好朋友让你了解自己，让你变得更好，本文主要介绍友谊对你的幸福的作用。【答案】16.B17.C18.F19.G20.A【16题详解】根据上文的“Goodfriendsteachyouaboutyourselfandchallengeyoutobebetter.Theyalsohaveapositiveimpactonyourhealth.(好朋友让你了解自己，让你变得更好。它们对你的健康也有积极的影响。)”可知，此处谈论好朋友对你的帮助，结合下文小标题介绍了友谊对幸福的作用，可推断B项“Sohowdofriendshipscontributetoyourwell-being?(那么友谊对你的幸福有何贡献呢？)”符合语境，承上启下。故选B。【17题详解】分析句子可知，空处为一从句，根据标题“Friendsgiveyouemotionalsupport.(朋友给你情感上的支持)”以及下文的“havingafriendtohelpyouthroughcanmakethetransitioneasier.(有一个朋友来帮助你，可以让你更容易转变)”可知，好朋友对于人们的情绪转变是有帮助的，因此推断如果你正经历艰难的时期，朋友可以帮助你更容易做出转变。故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“Onestudyofhighschoolstudentsfoundthatthosewhoweredepressedweretwiceaslikelytorecoveriftheyhadhappyfriends.(一项针对高中生的研究发现，如果抑郁症患者有快乐的朋友，他们康复的可能性是两倍高。)”可知，对高中生的研究发现快乐的朋友帮助抑郁的人康复的机率增大。F项：Likewise,kidswerehalfaslikelytodevelopdepressioniftheirfriendshada“healthymood”(同样，如果他们的朋友有“健康的情绪”，孩子患抑郁症的可能性会降低一半。)与上文衔接，尤其是信息提示词Likewise起到关键的提示作用。故选F。【19题详解】根据本段的标题“Friendshelpbuildyourconfidence(朋友帮助你建立自信)”可知该段介绍的是朋友帮助你建立自信。又根据空前的“Everyonehasself-doubtsandinsecuritieseverynowandthen(每个人都会时不时地自我怀疑和缺乏安全感)”可知，每个人都会有不自信的时候，朋友能帮你感觉更加自信，G项“Butsupportivefriendscanhelpyoufeelmoreconfidentbyofferingpraisewhenyou’refeelingunsure.(但支持你的朋友可以在你不确定的时候给予表扬，让你感觉更自信)”符合语境，与上文形成转折关系，说明支持的朋友可以帮你建立自信。故选G。【20题详解】空处为段落标题。根据下文“Greatfriendshavethepowertomold(塑造)youintothebestversionofyourself.Theyseeyouandloveyouforwhoyoutrulyare.Theyencourageyouandpushyoutodobetterandbethepersonyouwanttobe—your“idealself”.(伟大的朋友有能力把你塑造成最好的自己。他们看到并爱着真实的你。他们鼓励你，推动你做得更好，成为你想成为的人——你的“理想的自我”。)”可知，本段主要介绍的是朋友们帮助你成为最好的自己。因此推断A项“Friendspushyoutobeyourbest(朋友督促你做最好的自己)”为最佳标题。故选A。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thereoncewasanordinarystreetinthesuburbswherenoonecaredmuchfortheirgardens.Thelawnswereovergrown,theweedswere____21____andthehedges(树篱)desperatelyneededtobecutback.Itlookedvery____22____.Butwhentheneighborssawtheirgardens,theyjustlookedateachotherandwentawaywith____23____.Itseemedtoohardto____24____allthegardensandnoonecouldbebotheredtomakethembetterbecauseeveryone’sgardenwas____25____terrible.Noonefeltitwasurgentfora____26____.ThenamannamedBill____27____here.Billwasa____28____,hard-workingandpatientmanwhostartedworkinginthegardenassoonashe____29____inthestreet.Hetookhislawnmower(割草机)outtocutbackthegrassandpulledoutallofthe_____30_____.Finally,hetookuphisgardeningandstarted_____31_____hishedges,makingthemlooklikeflowers,plants,stones,balls,etc.Attractedbythehard-working_____32_____,theneighborswalkedbyand_____33_____thenewlymanicured(修整的)garden.Oversometime,something_____34_____happened.Onebyone,theneighborsstartedtoputinmore_____35_____intheirowngardensandthesoundsoflawnmowerscouldbeheardagain.Afterafewmonths,thestreetwas_____36_____fromadirty,unappealingcollectionofhousestoabeautifulavenuethatwouldn’tbeoutof_____37_____inastylishmagazine.Oneperson’sactionshowedeveryonewhatcouldbe_____38_____withalittlehardwork.It’seasyforusto_____39_____theenvironmentaroundusbecausenooneelsecaresaboutit.Rememberwhatyoupositivelydonotonlybringsthe_____40_____toyourself,butalsoresultsinachangetothewholeworld.21.A.summingup B.takingover C.givingin D.turningon22.A.tidy B.noisy C.familiar D.messy23.A.embarrassment B.delight C.anger D.kindness24.A.buy B.guard C.clear D.build25.A.recently B.bravely C.hardly D.equally26.A.chance B.change C.celebration D.debate27.A.left B.sold C.slipped D.moved28.A.serious B.lazy C.neat D.selfless29.A.settled B.grew C.performed D.sat30.A.flowers B.weeds C.seeds D.trees31.A.inventing B.picking C.shaping D.hurting32.A.officer B.gardener C.designer D.president33.A.admired B.adopted C.polluted D.begged34.A.strange B.disappointing C.boring D.interesting35.A.salt B.power C.effort D.heat36.A.blamed B.transformed C.grasped D.attacked37.A.place B.danger C.mind D.breath38.A.lost B.forgotten C.refused D.achieved39.A.transport B.reward C.ignore D.create40.A.doubt B.benefit C.harm D.failure【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个普通的郊区街道上所有人都不在意自己的花园的情景。直到新邻居比尔的到来，他的勤奋和耐心渐渐地感染了其他邻居，使街道逐渐变得美丽。文章寓意是一个人的积极行动能够感染他人，带来环境的改变。【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.D26.B27.D28.C29.A30.B31.C32.B33.A34.D35.C36.B37.A38.B39.C40.B【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：草坪杂草丛生，长满野草，树篱急需修剪。A.summingup总结；B.takingover接管，占据；C.givingin屈服；D.turningon打开。根据上文的“Thelawnswereovergrown”可知，此处指杂草占据了花园，长满了整个草坪。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它看起来非常杂乱。A.tidy整洁的；B.noisy喧闹的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.messy脏乱的。根据上文的“Thelawnswereovergrown,theweedswere_____andthehedges(树篱)desperatelyneededtobecutback.”可知，这里的花园杂草丛生，看起来非常杂乱。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当邻居们看到他们的花园时，他们只是面面相觑，然后尴尬地走开了。A.embarrassment尴尬；B.delight愉快；C.anger愤怒；D.kindness善意。根据上文的“Thereoncewasanordinarystreetinthesuburbswherenoonecaredmuchfortheirgardens.”可知，从前在郊区有一条普通的街道，那里没有人关心他们的花园，故此处是指邻居们看着他们的花园时，他们只是面面相觑，然后尴尬地走开了。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：要把所有这些花园清理干净似乎不容易，大家都懒得去收拾，因为所有人的花园都一样糟糕。A.buy买；B.guard守卫；C.clear清理；D.build建造。根据前文“wherenoonecaredmuchfortheirgardens”以及下文的“tomakethembetter”可知，没有人关心花园，清理所有的这些花园不容易。故选C。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：要把所有这些花园清理干净似乎不容易，大家都懒得去收拾，因为所有人的花园都一样糟糕。A.recently最近；B.bravely勇敢地；C.hardly几乎不；D.equally相同地。根据上文的“wherenoonecaredmuchfortheirgardens.”以及“everyone’sgarden”可知，这条街上人们的花园都同样糟糕，因为大家都不关心花园。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没人觉得迫切需要改变什么。A.chance机会；B.change改变；C.celebration庆典；D.debate辩论。结合上文“becauseeveryone’sgardenwas______terrible.”可知，所有人的花园都很糟糕，大家看到杂草丛生的花园都无动于衷、不想清理，没人想要做出改变。且下文结尾处的“butalsoresultsinachangetothewholeworld.”也是提示。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来一个叫比尔的园丁搬来了。A.left离开；B.sold卖；C.slipped滑；D.moved搬到；移动。根据下文“Billwasa________,hard-workingandpatientmanwhostartedworkinginthegarden”可知，比尔搬来这里。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比尔是一个整洁、勤劳以及有耐心的人，他到这条街安顿下来就开始在花园里忙碌起来。A.serious严肃的；B.lazy懒惰的；C.neat整洁的；D.selfless无私的。根据下文的“Hetookhislawnmower(割草机)outtocutbackthegrassandpulledoutallofthe______.”可知，比尔开始清理花园，由此推知他是一个爱整洁的人。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.settled安顿；B.grew成长；C.performed表演；D.sat坐。根据下文的“Hetookhislawnmower(割草机)outtocutbackthegrassandpulledoutallofthe________.”可知，比尔在这里安顿(住了)下来开始清理杂草。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把割草机拿出来割草，把杂草都拔掉了。A.flowers花；B.weeds杂草；C.seeds种子；D.trees树。根据前文“Thelawnswereovergrown,theweedswere______”以及“Hetookhislawnmower(割草机)”可知，花园里杂草丛生，比尔拿出割草机把草都拔掉了。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他开始从事园艺工作，开始修整树篱，使它们看起来像花、植物、石头、球等。A.inventing发明；B.picking摘；C.shaping造型；D.hurting伤害。根据下文的“makingthemlooklikeflowers,plants,stones,balls,etc.”可知，比尔在给树篱造型，让它们看起来更美。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词组辨析。句意：邻居们被辛勤工作的园丁吸引了过来，经过时都对新修剪过的花园赞叹不已。A.officer办公室职员；B.gardener园丁；C.designer设计师；D.president总统。根据上文的“Hetookhislawnmower(割草机)outtocutbackthegrassandpulledoutallofthe________.”可推知，比尔拿出割草机修理花园，他是一个园林园丁。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.admired赞美；B.adopted收养；采取；C.polluted污染；D.begged乞求。根据上文“makingthemlooklikeflowers,plants,stones,balls,etc.”和下文“thenewlymanicured(修整的)garden”可推断，邻居们对于比尔修剪的草坪赞叹不已。故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一段时间内,发生了一些有趣的事情。A.strange奇怪的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.boring令人厌烦的；D.interesting有趣的。根据下文“Onebyone,theneighborsstartedtoputinmore_______intheirowngardensandthesoundsoflawnmowerscouldbeheardagain.”可知，邻居们也开始清理草坪，比较先前没人清理，是一件有趣的事情。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：邻居们陆续开始投入更多的精力到自己的花园，割草机的声音又可以被听见了。A.salt盐；B.power力量；C.effort精力；D.heat热量。根据上文的“Thereoncewasanordinarystreetinthesuburbswherenoonecaredmuchfortheirgardens.”可知，从前邻居们对自家的花园不管不顾，但现在在比尔的影响下开始把更多的精力投入到其中。故选C。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，这条街从肮脏、没有吸引力的房屋集合变成了一条美丽的大道，在时尚杂志上也不会显得格格不入。A.blamed责备；B.transformed改变；C.grasped掌握；D.attacked攻击。根据后文“fromadirty,unappealingcollectionofhousestoabeautifulavenue”可知，这条街从肮脏、没有吸引力的房屋集合变成了一条美丽的大道，即街道发生了转变。故选B。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.place地方；B.danger危险；C.mind思维；D.breath呼吸。根据前文“fromadirty,unappealingcollectionofhousestoabeautifulavenue”可知，这条街从肮脏、没有吸引力的房屋集合变成了一条美丽的大道，以至于在时尚杂志上也不会显得格格不入。outofplace“不和谐的”符合语境，故选A。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个人的行为向所有人展示了只需要一点努力就可以取得成就。A.lost丢失；B.forgotten忘记；C.refused拒绝；D.achieved取得；获得。根据上文的“Afterafewmonths,thestreetwas________fromadirty,unappealingcollectionofhousestoabeautifulavenuethatwouldn’tbeoutof________inastylishmagazine.”可知，只要每个人都付出一点努力，就可以取得大成就。故选B。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们很容易忽略我们的周围的环境，因为没有其他人在乎它。A.transport运输；B.reward奖励；C.ignore忽略；D.create创造。根据下文的“becausenooneelsecaresaboutit.”可知，人们很容易忽略周围的环境，因为大家都不关注。故选C。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：记住，你积极做的事情不仅会给自己带来好处，也会给整个世界带来改变。A.doubt怀疑；B.benefits好处；C.harm害处；D.failure失败。结合上文故事可知，比尔清理花园的行为不仅对自己有好处，还带动整条街的邻居改变周围的环境。故选B。第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThetermXuanpaperfirstappearedinOnFamousPaintingsthroughtheAges,abookwrittenbyTangDynasty(618-907)scholarZhangYanyuan,____41____hedescribedXuanpaperasanidealcarrierforcalligraphyandpainting.HandmadeXuanpaperfromJingxiancounty,EastChina’sAnhuiprovince,waslisted____42____atribute(贡品)totheimperialcourtforitssupremequalityduringtheperiod.ThetraditionalcraftofmakingXuanpaperis____43____(extreme)demanding.Sandalwoodbark,aplantnativetosouthernChina,____44____(go)through108procedurestogetherwithricestrawoverthecourseofthreeyearsbeforeitcantransformfineXuanpaper.____45____entireprocedureissocomplexthateventhemostskilledcraftsmancanonlymasterlimitednumberof____46____(step).Theflowofink,bothguidedandresistedbywater,determinestheoutputofChineseart,andXuanpaperoutshinesotherswithitsexcellentability____47____(give)fullplaytoink.Xuanpaper____48____(accompany)thepassionatebrushstrokes