中级宏观经济学（双语）（山东联盟）智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年

中级宏观经济学（双语）（山东联盟）智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年中级宏观经济学（双语）（山东联盟）Wage

rigidity

prevents

labor

demand

and

labor

supply

from

reaching

the

equilibrium

level.（

）

A:对B:错答案:对According

to

the

classical

dichotomy,

when

the

money

supply

decreases,

consumption

spending

will

decrease.

（

）

A:错B:对答案:错The

assumption

of

flexible

prices

is

a

more

plausible

assumption

when

applied

to

price

changes

that

occur

in

the

short

run.（

）

A:错误B:正确答案:错误To

maintain

a

fixed-exchange-rate

system,

if

the

exchange

rate

moves

below

the

fixed-exchange-rate

level,

then

the

central

bank

must

buy

foreign

currency.

（

）

A:正确B:错误答案:错误Crowding

out

occurs

when

an

increase

in

government

spending

increases

the

interest

rate

and

investment

decreases.

（

）

A:错B:对答案:对If

the

production

function

exhibits

decreasing

returns

to

scale

in

the

steady

state,

an

increase

in

the

rate

of

population

would

lead

to

growth

in

total

output

and

growth

in

output

per

worker.（

）

A:对B:错答案:错In

the

long

run,

the

level

of

output

is

determined

by

the

amounts

of

capital

and

labor

and

the

available

technology.（

）

A:对B:错答案:对The

unemployment

resulting

from

wage

rigidity

and

job

rationing

is

called

structural

unemployment.

（

）

A:错误B:正确答案:错误A

higher

saving

rate

leads

to

a

higher

rate

of

economic

growth

in

both

the

short

run

and

the

long

run.（

）

A:对B:错答案:错In

the

Solow

growth

model,

with

a

given

production

function,

depreciation

rate,

saving

rate,

and

no

technological

change,

higher

rates

of

population

growth

produce

higher

steady-state

growth

rates

of

total

output.（

）

A:错B:对答案:对In

the

long

run,

according

to

the

quantity

theory

of

money

and

the

classical

macroeconomic

theory,

if

velocity

is

constant,

then

______

determines

real

GDP

and

______

determines

nominal

GDP.

（

）

A:the

money

supply;

velocity

B:velocity;

the

money

supply

C:the

productive

capability

of

the

economy;

the

money

supply

D:the

money

supply;

the

productive

capability

of

the

economy

答案:AI参考:正确选项是：B:velocity;themoneysupply。\n\n根据货币数量理论和古典宏观经济理论，长期来看，如果货币流通速度是恒定的，那么货币流通速度决定了实际GDP，而货币供应量决定了名义GDP。因此，答案为B选项，即货币流通速度和货币供应量。'Aggregate

supply

is

the

relationship

between

the

quantity

of

goods

and

services

supplied

and

the:

（

）

A:interest

rate.

B:money

supply.

C:unemployment

rate.

D:price

level.答案:AI参考:正确答案是D：pricelevel。\nAggregateSupply是总供给曲线，它表示在既定的价格水平下，所有厂商愿意供给的市场商品和劳务总量。因此，这个总供给与什么有关，就要看这些商品和劳务的种类了，也就跟每种商品和劳务的价格水平有关。故正确答案为D，即总供给与价格水平有关。'Which

of

the

following

would

decrease

the

real

exchange

rate

in

a

small

open

economy

in

the

long

run?

（

）

A:a

reduction

in

government

spending

B:an

increase

in

investment

C:a

personal

income

tax

cut

D:a

tariff

on

imports

答案:AI参考:正确答案是D:atariffonimports。\n\n长期来看，一个小型开放经济体中，进口关税的增加会减少出口，从而降低实际汇率。这是因为进口关税的提高会增加进口商品的价格，进而减少出口商的利润，从而减少出口。相反，政府开支、投资和个人所得税的减少都不会直接影响到汇率。因此，正确答案是D选项，即进口关税的增加会降低实际汇率。'The

impossible

trinity

refers

to

the

idea

that

it

is

impossible

for

a

country

to

simultaneously

have:

（

）

A:free

capital

flows,

a

fixed

exchange

rate,

and

an

independent

monetary

policy.

B:low

inflation,

low

unemployment,

and

a

rapid

rate

of

GDP

growth.

C:high

interest

rates,

a

budget

deficit,

and

a

trade

deficit.

D:an

expansionary

fiscal

policy,

a

contractionary

monetary

policy,

and

a

flexible

exchange

rate.答案:AI参考:正确选项是C:highinterestrates,abudgetdeficit,andatradedeficit。\n\n“不可能三角”是指一个国家无法同时拥有三个事物：高利率、预算赤字和贸易逆差。这是国际经济学中的一个重要概念，用于解释货币政策、财政政策和国际贸易政策之间的相互影响和制约关系。因此，选项C符合这个概念。其他选项中，A、B、D虽然在某些情况下可能存在，但不符合“不可能三角”的核心含义。A选项中，一个国家可能同时拥有自由资本流动、固定汇率和独立货币政策，但这并不构成“不可能三角”的矛盾；B选项中，低通胀、低失业率和快速GDP增长可以同时存在，但并不构成“不可能三角”的核心内容；D选项中，扩张性财政政策和灵活汇率制度可以同时存在，但收缩性货币政策（即选项中的“紧缩性货币政策”）通常会与扩张性财政政策一起使用，而不是同时存在。因此，选项C是最符合“不可能三角”概念的选项。'Macroeconomics

does

not

try

to

answer

the

question

of:（

）

A:why

do

some

countries

have

high

rates

of

inflation.B:what

is

the

rate

of

return

on

education.C:what

causes

recessions

and

depressions.D:1why

do

some

countries

experience

rapid

growth.答案:AI参考:正确答案是C:宏观经济学并不试图回答的问题是：经济衰退和低迷的原因是什么。\n\n宏观经济学的核心问题是经济增长、通货膨胀、失业率、国际收支等问题，而选项C是关于经济衰退和低迷的原因，属于宏观经济学的研究范畴。其他选项A、B、D分别涉及到通货膨胀率、教育回报率和经济增长率，也属于宏观经济学的研究范畴，但不是宏观经济学试图回答的问题。因此，选项C是正确答案。'According

to

the

classical

theory

of

money,

reducing

inflation

will

not

make

workers

richer

because

firms

will

increase

product

prices

______

each

year

and

give

workers

______

raises.

（

）

A:more;

larger

B:less;

smaller

C:more;

smaller

D:less;

larger

答案:AI参考:正确选项为：B:less;

smaller\n\n根据题目中给出的信息，减少通货膨胀不会使工人变富，因为公司每年会增加产品价格并给工人更小的加薪。选项中只有B选项“less;smaller”符合语境，表示公司增加的产品价格会更少，工人获得的加薪会更小。其他选项的意思与题目不符。'The

arguments

do

NOT

favor

a

fixed-exchange-rate

system

:

（

）

A:leads

to

excessive

growth

of

the

money

supply.

B:requires

no

actions

on

the

part

of

the

central

bank

to

implement.C:reduces

exchange-rate

uncertainty,

thereby

promoting

more

international

trade.

D:allows

monetary

policy

to

be

used

for

stabilizing

output

and

prices.

答案:AI参考:答案为A、B\n从选项分析来看，支持固定汇率体系的理由应该有降低汇率的不确定性从而促进更多的国际贸易（C），货币政策被允许用来稳定产出和价格（D），选项B要求央行不需要采取任何行动来实施这一制度，这是反对固定汇率体系的理由，而其他选项中的问题并没有涉及，因此可以确定答案为B。因此，正确答案是B、C和D。'A

supply

shock

will

occur

when:

（

）

A:the

Fed

increases

the

money

supply.

B:unions

push

wages

up.

C:a

drought

destroys

crops.

D:an

oil

cartel

increases

world

oil

prices.答案:AI参考:正确选项为D：anoilcartelincreasesworldoilprices。\n\n供应冲击是指某种商品或资源的供应量突然增加或减少，导致市场价格波动的情况。选项A中，美联储增加货币供应量，可能会导致通货膨胀，但不一定是供应冲击；选项B中，工会的工资上涨可能会影响市场需求和价格，但不一定是供应冲击；选项C中，干旱摧毁农作物可能会导致粮食短缺和价格上涨，但不一定是供应冲击。只有选项D，即