Unit-3-whatever-happened-to-manners11市公开课一等奖省赛课微

Unit3TextIWhateverHappenedtoManners?1/86

Pre-readingactivities

While-readingactivities

After-readingactivities

Part1

Part2

Part3Contents2/86PartIPre-readingActivitiesWhatdoyouthinkaboutChinesemanners?Areyouapersonwithgoodmanners?Listgoodmannersandbadmannersindailylife.Whenyouseesomeimproperbehavior,whatwillyoudo?Discussion3/864/865/86Goodmanners6/867/86GoodmannersinsomeoccasionsGreetingtheTeacher

Ifyouareinaverylargeclass,itmaynotbenecessarytogreettheteacheronarriving,butitisalwaysquiteproperifyouhappentocatchtheteacher’seyeasyouenter.ComingLateItisbadmannerstocomelatetoclass.Ifyouareunavoidablylateanapologyshouldbemadetotheteachereitheratthetimeorafterclass.TalkinginClass

Itisbadmannersintheschoolroom,aselsewhere.InSchool8/86SpecialOccasionsBirthday

BirthdayintheWest,asinChina,areconsideredoccasionsforcongratulationsandsometimesforgiftsfromnearfriends.TheWedding

Ifonereceivesanannouncementofaweddingafteritisover,anoteofcongratulationmaybesent,butagiftisnotnecessary.9/86AnIntegratedanalysisofthetext1.Whattypeofwritingisthepassage?(Narration,Argumentation,Exposition)2.Whatisthispassageconcernedwith?3.Howisthepassageorganized?Pre-readingQuestions10/86TextIntroductionThistextisapieceofargumentationonthenecessityandsignificanceofgoodmanners.Inthebeginningpart,thewriterputsforwardhisviewpoint.Inthenextthreeparagraphs,thewriterraisesandproveshisopinion.Inthelastparagraphthewriterconcludesthatgoodmannersareinfectious;meanwhile,heexpresseshissincerewishforapolitesocietywhereeverybodywouldbehavepolitely.11/86Thistextisconcernedwiththenecessityandsignificanceofgoodmanners.12/86StructuralAnalysisThistextcouldbedividedintoparts.4Argumentation13/86Inthispart,theauthorstatesandexpoundsthegreatpowerofsometypicalgoodmannersheproposesuponthoseonthereceivingend.PartⅠPara.1PartⅡ

Para.2--4PartⅢPara.5-10PartIVPara.11Inthispart,theauthorstatesandprovesthatmanypeopleinpresenttimesarenotaspoliteaspeopleinthepast.Inthispart,theauthortellsusthatgoodmannersmakepeoplestylish,resultfrominnerbeauty,andaddpricelesspanachetoourimage.Theauthoradvanceshisopinionthatgoodmannersareinfectiousandexpresseshissincerewishthateveryonewouldbepoliteandshowgoodmanners.14/86manner:itisusuallyinthepluralwhenitisusedtorefertothemeaningof“socialbehavior”or“politeorwell-bredbehavior.”风度，规矩e.g.:Peoplewhohavegoodmannersarepolitetoothers.It’sbadmannerstointerrupt.However,whenitisusedinthemeaningof“aperson’soutwardbearing,wayofspeaking,etc.”theword“manner”ismoreoftenthannotinthesingular.方式(法)；态度，举止e.g.:Shewasunusuallysoftandgentleinhermannerwhentalkingtohim.

15/86PartIIWhile-readingactivitiesLet’sreadPartIofthetext(Para.1)

Part116/86Para1Doyourememberatimewhenpeoplewerealittlenicer,alittlesofter,alittlegentlerwitheachother?Icertainlydo,andIfeelthatmuchoftheworldhassomehowgottenawayfromthat.IseesuchadifferenceinNewYorkCity,forexample,fromwhenIfirstmovedheremorethan20yearsago:peoplerushingintoelevatorswithoutgivingthoseinsideachancetogetofffirst,neversaying"Thankyou."whenothersholdadooropenforthem,or"Please."whentheywantacoworkertohandthemsomething,nevergivingawaveornodofappreciationwhenanothermotoristletsthempulloutintotraffic.17/86Wordswaven.波浪；（光，电）波；飘扬；起伏；（手）挥舞；（pl.）海vt.挥舞；指挥；使有波纹vi.波动；飘动；挥舞synonyms:swayflapswingEg:Thewindwavedthewater.风使水波动。18/86wordspullout(火车）离站；撤离；离开；抽出；取出collection：pullin（火车）进站；（船）靠岸pulloff脱掉（衣或帽）pullon穿，戴pullthrough渡过难关19/86Ifeelthatmuchoftheworldhassomehowgottenawayfromthat.

(Para.1,Lines2-3)

Ifeelthatmanypeopleinthecontemporaryworldare,forsomereasonorother,notasnice,notasfriendly,ornotaspolitewithoneanotheraspeopleinthepast.·Whatdoes“getawayfromthat”meaninthecontext?Paraphrase:20/86[Notes]:getaway(GivesomeexamplesandasktheSstoguessthemeaningsof“getaway”indifferentcontexts)a)succeedinleavinge.g.:WhenIaskedhimifhewouldliketoseeafilm,hesaidhewassobusydoingaprojectthathecouldn’tgetaway.b)escape,esp.fromasceneofacrimee.g.:AthiefbrokeintomyflatandgotawaywithmymoneykeptinadrawerofmydeskbeforeIreturnedhomeyesterday.c)havetoadmitthetruthofsomething.,esp.sth.unpleasante.g.:Youcannotgetawayfromtheunpleasantfact.21/86Comparison:getawayto,getawaywithgetawayto:totakeaholidayawayfromtheplaceonenormallylivesgetawaywith:tonotbecaughtorpunishedwhenonehasdonesomethingwrong(侥幸逃脱)Practice:1)And,indeed,plentyofmilitarypersonnelareguiltyofbreakingmaritalvowsandgettingaway(with,to)it.2)We’rehopingtogetaway(with,to)Scotlandforafewdays.with_____to____军事人员,军队22/86·Whichsentencesinthefirstparagraphimplythatinageneralsense,peopleinthepresentagearelessgentle,lessfriendlyorlesspolitethanpeopleinthepast?Thefirsttwosentencesofthefirstparagraph.Doyourememberatimewhenpeoplewerealittlenicer,alittlesofter,alittlegentlerwitheachother?Icertainlydo,andIfeelthatmuchoftheworldhassomehowgottenawayfromthat.23/86·WhatimpoliteexamplesdoesthewritergivetoshowthatmanypeopleinNewYorkarenotfriendlyorpolitewithoneanother?TheauthoremploysthefollowingexamplestoillustratethebadmannersofpeopleinNewYork:“Peoplerushintoelevatorswithoutgivingthoseinsideachancetogetofffirst;theyneversay‘Thankyou.’whenothersholdadooropenforthem,or‘Please.’whentheywantacoworkertohandthemsomething,nevergivingawaveornodofappreciationwhenanothermotoristletsthempulloutintotraffic.”24/86MainIdeaofPartITheauthorstatesandprovesthatmanypeopleinpresenttimesarenotaspoliteaspeopleinthepast.HeconvincinglyillustratesthissocialphenomenonwithspecificimpolitemannersheseesinNewYork.25/86Part2Let’sreadPartIIofthetext(Para.2-4)26/86Para2Wegetlazy,andinourlazinesswethinkthatsomethinglikeasimple"Thankyou."doesn'treallymatter.Butitcanmatterverymuch.Thefactisthatnomatterhownicelywedress,howbeautifullywedecorateourhomes,orhowlovelyourdinnerpartiesare,wecan'tbetrulystylishwithoutgoodmanners.27/86wordstylishadj.时尚，流行synonyms：fashionable，modish，well-dressedeg：Manyactressarestylish.28/86Para3Infact,Ithinkofgoodmannersasasortofhiddenbeautysecret.Haven'tyounoticedthatthekindest,mostgenerouspeopleseemtokeepgettingprettier?TheybecomeCaryGrantorLaurenBacallrightbeforeoureyes.It'sfunnyhowthathappens,butitdoes.29/86·Howdoyouunderstandthat“wecan’tbetrulystylishwithoutgoodmanners”?(Para.2,Line4)Wecanappearstylishbywearingbeautifulorveryniceclothes,orbydecoratingourhomesstylishly,butwecannotbetrulystylishifwedonotbehavepolitely.Inotherwords,ifwedonotshowgoodmanners,wecannotbesaidtobereallystylisheventhoughwewearthemoststylishclothes,ordecorateourhomesmoststylishly.30/86sentenceInfact,Ithinkofgoodmannersasasortofhiddenbeautysecret.explanation:Ithinkofgoodmannersasawaytomakepeopleappearmorebeautifulalthoughitishardlypossibletoexplainhowthishappens.31/86加里·格兰特

CaryGrant在银幕上塑造了彬彬有礼完美绅士形象，格兰特生活也如同他电影一样，虚构而神秘。32/86劳伦·巴考尔LaurenBacall美国电视剧、电影女演员，生于纽约市，以冷漠神情和性感低沉嗓音在好莱坞独树一格。33/86Para4Takethelong-lostartofsaying"Thankyou."Likewearingalittlelipstickormakingsureyourhairisneat,gettingintothehabitofsaying"Thankyou."canmakeyoufeelbetteraboutyourself,andthenyoulookbettertoeveryonearoundyou.Agraciousmannernotonlysetsanexcellentexampleforyourchildrenandgrandchildrenbutitaddspricelesspanachetoyourimage.34/86wordspricelessadj.1.无价；极宝贵；极有趣2.极有趣；3.荒谬；极为可笑synonym:无价：valuable，expensive，etc.antonym:valueless

35/86wordsimagen.肖像，塑像；形象；酷似之人（物）；评价vt.想象出；描摹；反应；象征；代表synonym：n.likeness，picture，reflection，etc.eg:Heisthealikeimageofhisfather.他相貌酷似他父亲。36/86sentence...butieaddspricelesspanachetoyouimage.explanation:...butakind,graciousmannermakesyoulookmuchmorestylishandadmirable,contributinginvaluablytoyourimage.37/86·Accordingtotheauthor,howdogoodmannersbuildupyourimage?Nomatterhownicelywedress,howbeautifullywedecorateourhomes,orhowlovelyourdinnerpartiesare,wecan’tbetrulystylishwithoutgoodmanners.Thekindest,mostgenerouspeopleseemtokeepgettingprettier.TheybecomeCaryGrantorLaurenBacallrightbeforeoureyes.Likewearingalittlelipstickormakingsureyourhairisneat,gettingintothehabitofsaying“Thankyou.”canmakeyoufeelbetteraboutyourself,andthenyoulookbettertoeveryonearoundyou.Agraciousmannernotonlysetsanexcellentexampleforyourchildrenandgrandchildrenbutitaddspricelesspanachetoyourimage.38/86MainIdeaofPartIIThewriterputsforwardthefollowingviewpoint:Youcannotbetrulystylishwithoutgoodmanners;goodmannersareasortofhiddenbeautysecretandaddspricelesslytoyourimage.

39/86Part3Let’sreadPartIIofthetext(Para.5-10)40/86Para5PositiveThankingOfcourse,saying"Thankyou."doeswondersforthepersononthereceivingendtoo.Irecentlygotathank-younotefromaguestwhoattendeda40thbirthdaypartythatFrankandIhostedforFrank'sdaughter-in-law.Thenotewaslovelyenough,butevenlovelierwasthefactthattheguesthadalsoincludedarecipeforadishI'dcomplimentedheronatanearliergathering.Itwasasweetgesturethatmademefeelterrificandputmeinagreatmood.Whatagift!

Manyofusknowweshouldwritethank-younotes,butwethinkwedon'thavethetimeorenergy.Now,Iknowweallhavebusylives,butIbetthenotemyguestsentmedidn'ttakelongtowrite.Ifyoufeellikeafeelbecauseyou'veputoffsendingacard,writeanotethatsays,"Ishouldhavedonethistwoweeksago,butIdidn'twanttoletanotherdaygobywithouttellingyouhowmuchIenjoyedyourparty."It'smuchbetterthannotwritingatall.41/86Expressiondowondersforbringunexpectedgoodresultseg:Obersvinglifecarefullyoftendoeswondersforus.认真观察生活总会带给我们意料之外惊喜。Canyouthinkofanotherexample?42/86wordsrepipen.1.烹饪法；食谱Whenyoumakethisrecipe,donotstintonthebutter.当你照食谱做这菜时，要多用奶油。2.方法；秘诀；诀窍It'smymother'sfavoriterecipeforbarbecue.这是我妈妈做烤肉拿手方法。3.处方，配方Iwillkeeptherecipeinmyhead.我将把这个处方留在记忆里。synonyms：formula43/86wordscomplimentn.1.赞美话；恭维话Mrs.Wilsonrejectedthecomplimentbyraisinghereyebrowindistain.威尔逊太太不屑地把眉毛一扬，否定了这句恭维话。2.敬意Theydidhimthecomplimentofvisitinghim.他们去造访他以示敬意。3.[compliments]问候，祝贺Mycomplimentstoyourfather!代我向你父亲问好！4.【古】谢礼；赏金44/86wordscomplimentv.1.赞美；恭维；祝贺Don'tcomplimentme.别恭维我。Hetriedtocomplimentthepianistupontheaccuracyofhispedalling.试图为利用踏板准确而恭维这位钢琴家。2.送礼以表示敬意Adinerwantstocomplimentyou.ShallIlethimin?有一位客人想向你致意。要让他进来吗？synonyms:congratulate45/86wordsterrific1.极大，非常Therewasaterrificcrushofcarriages,andthetrafficwasalmoststopped.当初车辆极度拥挤，交通几乎完全堵塞。2.极好，了不起，非常棒，非常漂亮That'ssoundsterrific.IloveChinesefood.那太棒了，我喜欢中国菜。3.可怕，恐怖，骇人Heweatheredaterrificstorm.他度过了一场可怕暴风雨。

synonyms:fantastic,grand,howling,terrifying46/86wordsmoodn.1.心境，情绪Atoncehermoodfromoneofhopefulnesschangedtooneofdeepdepression.她心境马上从满怀希望变成极度沮丧。2.心情不好，生气；喜怒无常Shewasinabitofamoodthismorning.今天早晨她情绪欠佳。3.基调，色调；气氛Amoodofoptimismpervadedthegathering.会上充满乐观气氛。synonyms:climate,humor,modality47/86sentenceIrecentlygotathank-younotefromaguestwhoattendeda40thbirthdaypartythatFrankandIhostedforFrank'sdaughter-in-law.Obviously,"Frank"herereferstoLindaDano'shusbandFrankAttardi,andsay''Frank'sdaughter-in-law,''insteadof''ourdaughter-in-law,''theauthorsuggeststhatthis''daughter-in-law''wasthewifeofasonbyFrank'spreviousmarriage.48/86wordsbetv.1.打赌It'sfoolishtobetonhorses.为赛马打赌是愚蠢。2.断定，确信Ibetitwillrainsoon!我确信马上要下雨！n.1.打赌，赌博；赌注Youcanputabetonalmostanythingthesedays.如今，你几乎能够就任何事下赌注。2.可能性Mybetisthatshewon'trefusehisinvitation.我认为她不会拒绝他邀请。49/86wordsbetsynonyms:stake,wager,count,depend,playbet,gamble这两个动词均含有“打赌，赌博”之意。bet指竞赛中打赌，也指双方对有疑惑之事争吵不下打赌。在口语中，bet作“确信，敢说”解。gamble多指投机，为取得某物或牟利而冒大险，含孤注一掷意味。50/86sentenceIfyoufeellikeafeelbecauseyou'veputoffsendingacard,writeanote:lfyou'dliketoknowhowyouwouldfeelwhenyoudowriteathank-younotefeellike=haveawishorinclinationfor1.摸起来像是…，感到像是…Iamholdingsomethingthatfeelslikeapotato.我拿着个摸起来像是土豆东西。Ifeltlikeafool.我感到自己像个傻子似。2.想要，愿意Doyoufeellikeadrink?你想喝点什么吗？51/86para7MagicWords

Justaspowerfulasathank-younoteisthesimplephrase"Excuse

me."Don'tyoujusthateitwhensomeoneknocksanenormouscarry-onbagintoyourheadwhenhe'sbarrelingdowntheaisletoboardanairplane—andthendoesn'tbothertosayhe'ssorry?Butwhensomeonedoesstopandturnaroundandgenuinelyapologizes,doesn'titmeltawaymost—ifnotall—oftheirritationyoufelt?

52/86wordsmagicadj.1.神奇，魔术，魔术般Itisreallyamagicpalace!那真是一个有魔力宫殿！2.不可思议Thatwasatrulymagicmoment.那真是不可思议一刻。n.1.魔术，巫术，戏法，魅力Heisverygoodatperformingmagic.他很会演出魔术。synonyms:conjuration,decepyion,thaumaturgy,magical,sorcerous,witching,wizard53/86wordsenormousadj.1.巨大，庞大Thetwoprincipalofficeholderswieldenormouspower.这两个主要官员掌握着巨大权力。Hepaidanenormoussum.他支付了一大笔款项。2.极恶，横暴Hisjourneywasanenormousone.他旅程是一次艰巨旅程。synonyms:tremendous54/86wordsbarreln.1.桶Wineisleakingfromthebarrel.酒自桶中渗漏出来。2.一桶量In1989,Kuwaitwasexporting1.5millionbarrelsofoiladay.1989年，科威特天天出口150万桶石油。3.枪管，炮管0Sightedalongthebarrelofthegun.顺着枪管进行瞄准。

v.1.装进桶里，放进桶里Thecaskiscapableofbarreling8gallons.这个桶能装八加仑。

synonyms:barrelful,cask,drum,gunbarrel55/86wordsaislen.1.（戏院，列车，教堂等坐席间）通道，走道Thegirlusheredmealongtheaisletomyseat.引座小姐率领我沿著通道到我座位上去。2.（教堂）侧廊Thereisaslightflutteramongthoseinthepew,astheprocessionbegintoascendtheaisle.当这一行人开始走下教堂里侧廊时，在坐靠背长椅人中间有了一点骚动。synonyms:gangway56/86wordsgenuinelyadv.1.真地，真正地Shewasgenuinelyangeredathisimpolitewords.听到他粗鲁话，她可真发怒了。2.真诚地，老实地Everyoneallacrossthisvastlandgenuinelywishedtobefriendus.这片辽阔土地上每个人都真诚想要帮助我们。synonyms:really,truly,authentically57/86phrasemeltawayn.融化；逐步消失；（使）着迷[神魂颠倒]；涣然冰释eg.1.Thesorrowthatyouknowwillmeltaway.你所知悲伤会融化。2.Thecrowdaroundthebenchbegantomeltaway.长椅周围人群渐渐散去了。58/86wordsirritationn.1.激怒，恼怒Shedidnotrealizethatmuchofherirritationwasdirectedagainstherself.她没有意识到她怒气大多是针对她自己。2.令人恼火事[Don'tallowaminorirritationintheworkplacetomaryourambitions.不要让工作场所中一件烦人小事把你远大理想破坏了。3.刺激；兴奋；刺激物Theseoilsmaycauseirritationtosensitiveskins.这几个油可能会对敏感皮肤有刺激。

59/86wordsirritationsynonyms:annoyance,discomfort,excitation,pique60/86sentencecarry-onbag:abagsmallorcompactenoughtobecarriedaboardanairplanebyapassenger61/86para8Sameforholdingthedooropenforotherswhenyouseetheirhandsarefull.I'llevendothisforahotelbellmancarryingmyluggage.Justbecausehisjobistocarrymybagsdoesn'tmeanhedoesn'tappreciatealittlegesturethatmakeshislifeaweebiteasier.Andpunctualityisnotathingofthepast,either.Beingontimeforlunchdates,forexample,showsthepersonwe'remeetingthatwevaluehisorherprecioustimeasmuchaswedoourown.62/86wordsbellmann.敲钟人，传达员，更夫eg.1.ShallIcallabellman?需要我叫服务生来吗？2.Ourbellmanwillshowyoutoyourroom.我们行李员会带您去房间.63/86wordspunctualityn.1.严守时间；正确，规矩punctualityisthesoulofbusiness.严守时间是办事情主要标准。I'llhavetohaveawordwiththemaboutpunctuality.我必须和他们谈一谈守时问题。synonyms:promptnessautonym:tardiness64/86para9BringingMannersHome

Andforheaven'ssake,weshouldn'tforgettousegoodmannerswithourownfamilies.That'swhereitcountsthemostbecausethosearethepeoplewelovethemost.Howlovelyitwouldbetoputacardonyourspouse'spillowatnighttosay"Thankyou."forsomedearthingheorshedidforyouorevenjusttosay"Iloveyou."65/86wordsspousen.1.配偶，夫或妻Discusswithyourspouseinprivatehowyou'llhandleagivensituation.和你配偶私下商谈一下你们将怎样对付某一可能发生局面。Whenitcomestochoosingaspouse,remembersomeofthesefacts.谈到择偶时候，切记以上这些事实。v.1.和…结婚bonding:Theformationofclose,specializedhumanrelationships,suchasthosethatlinkspousewithspouseorfriendwithfriend."亲密关系形成:形成亲近尤其人际关系,如配偶之间或朋友之间。66/86sentenceAndforheaven'ssake...:Thephraseforgoodness'/Pete's/heaven's/pity'ssakecanbeusedwhenoneasksstronglyforsomething.eg.Forheaven'ssake,don'tletherknowwhatltoldyou!However,thephraseforGod's/Christ'ssakemightbeconsideredoffensiveortaboobysomepeople,andshouldbeusedwithcare.67/86para10

Similarly,bringinghomethemostinsignificantlittlepresentsforpeopleyoucherishwillgoalongway.Itshowsthey'reinyourthoughtsandyouwanttomakethemhappy.Ifyou'reahusband,howlonghasitbeensinceyouwalkedinthedoorwitharoseforyourwife?Ormaybeherfavoritecandy—evenifit'sjustaSnickersbar?You'dsuregetmyattentionifyoubroughtmeaSnickers!Ifirmlybelievespousesshouldbegraciousabouttheroutinethingstheyexpecteachothertodo.Showthatyoudon'ttaketheotherpersonforgranted.Heorsheismuchmorelikelytotreatyouthesameway.68/86wordsinsignificantadj.1.无关主要，微不足道，Thisproblemwasinsignificantcomparedtoothersshefaced.这一问题与她面临其它问题比较起来算不得什么。In1949Bonnwasasmall,insignificantcity.1949年时波恩还是个无足轻重小城市synonyms:trivial,undistinguished,unimpotant,unmeaningautonym:important,significant69/86wordscherishv.1.珍爱；钟爱；爱护Pleasecherishgreenwood.请爱护绿林。2.抱有（信念、希望）；怀有（好感）；思念Idon'tcherishmuchhopeforthenewplan.我对新计划不抱多大希望。Peoplealwayscherishthememoryofthenationalhero.人们永远思念这位民族英雄。synonyms:carefor,holddear,treasure

70/86wordsbarn.1.条，棒，杆Hereisabarofsoap.这儿有一条肥皂。2.栅栏；障碍物，障碍There'sastrongbaronthedoor.门上有一个很坚固闩。Poorhealthmaybeabartosuccessinlife.健康不佳可能成为人一生中取得成功障碍。3.（光、颜色等）线，条，带；【音】小节（纵）线Putastressonthefirstnoteineachbar.每一小节第一个音符要加强。She'sgoingtoplaytheopeningbarsofthesonata.她准备演奏这支奏鸣曲开始数小节。4.（港口、河口）沙洲5.【物】巴（压力单位）

Aunitofpressureequaltoonemillionthofabar.微巴等于百万分之一巴压强单位。

71/86wordsbar6.法庭（指审判席等）；（法庭）栏杆7.律师职业，律师界；律师专业Sheisreadingforthebarexam.她正在攻读律师专业。8.【喻】审判台；制裁，训斥Dishonestconductwillbecondemnedatthebarofpublicopinion.虚伪行为将受到舆论法庭训斥。9.杠，代表军阶横杠

10.酒吧间，餐柜，柜台Thisdirtydealwassewnupoverdrinksinthehotelbar.这笔肮脏交易是在旅馆酒吧间喝酒时谈妥。Thehotelmessengertoldmethatmyfriendwaswaitinginthebar.旅馆通信员告诉我，我朋友在酒吧间等着呢。11.【美国方言】蚊帐72/86wordsbarv.1.闩上Besuretobarallthedoorsbeforeyougoawayforyourholidays.离家度假前，务必将全部门闩住。2.阻挡，拦住Fallentreesbarredtheway.倒下树木阻塞了路。3.排斥，排挤；妨碍；【口】不准Webarsmokinghere.我们这里禁止吸烟。Themembersvotedtobarwomenfromtheclub.组员们投票禁止妇女加入该俱乐部。4.在…上划出线条5.【律】（使用方法律伎俩）阻止（诉讼）6.【俚】讨厌，反对（人、习惯等）73/86wordsbarprep.1.除…之外，除外Thewholeclassisherebartwothatareill.除两人生病外，全班都到齐了。Theyallwentbarme.除我之外，他们都去了。

synonyms:ginmill,legal-community,measure,prevention,banish,debar,excludeautonym:unbar74/86wordsgraciousadj.1.亲切，和善，谦和，有礼貌Sheisalovelyandgraciouswoman.她是位可爱又亲切女人。2.雅致Hedrovethroughthegracioussuburbswiththeswimming