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国家公共英语(四级)笔试模拟试卷71(题后含答案及解析)题型有:1.ListeningComprehension2.UseofEnglish3.ReadingComprehension4.WritingSectionIListeningComprehension(30minutes)Directions:ThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglish.Youwillhearaselectionofrecordedmaterialsandyoumustanswerthequestionsthataccompanythem.ThereareTHREEpartsinthissection,PartA,PartBandPartC.Remember,whileyouaredoingthetest,youshouldfirstputdownyouranswersinyourtestbooklet.Attheendofthelisteningcomprehensionsection,youwillhave5minutestotransfePARTADirections:ForQuestions1-5,youwillhearaconversation.Whileyoulisten,filloutthetablewiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Someoftheinformationhasbeengiventoyouinthetable.Writeonly1wordineachnumberedbox.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.Younowhave25secondstoreadthetablebelow.听力原文:Presenter:GoodeveningandwelcometoIssueforToday.OurtopictonightisexperimentonanimalsandtostartthediscussionwehaveastronglyarguedappealfromJeffSachsoftheanimal’srightsorganizationAnimalAid.NowJeff,what’sallthefussabout?Afterall,85percentofdoctorssupportexperimentsonanimals.Jeff:Thisisfirstandforemostamoralquestion.Whatkindofpeoplearewe?Ashumans,weliveinasocietywhichprotectstherightsoftheweak.Wetakecareofthesick,theoldandthedisabledandpunishthosewhoareviolenttoothers.Butwealsohaveadarker,cruelside.Ibelievethatweexperimentonanimalsbecausetheyarepowerlesstostopus,andwecounttheirpainasunimportantwhenmeasuredagainstourowninterests.Weliveunhealthylivesandmakeanimalssufferinthesearchforcuresforourillnesses.Weevenseetheproductionofanewlipstickasagoodenoughreasontoinflictpainonanimals.It’snotthatwethinkanimalscan’tfeelpain--weknowverywellthattheydo.Andit’sdangeroustosaythatweuseanimalsinexperimentsbecausetheylackourintelligence.Afterall,thisargumentwouldallowustoexperimentonmentallyhandicappedhumans.Animalshavefeelings.Likeus,theycansufferpain,fearandmentalagony.Likeus,eachhasalifetolive.Arat’slifeisimportanttoarat,whatevervalueahumanmayplaceonit.Whyshouldoneindividualanimalbemadetosufferforthesupposedbenefitsofpeople?Isitrighttokillonehumanbeinginanexperimenttosavethousandsofothers?Whatifthathumanbeingwereyou?Presenter:Yeah,well,thankyou.Now,let’shearwhatyou,theaudience,andyouathomethink...1.正确答案:Issue解析:节目主持人在第一句就说“GoodeveningandwelcometoIssueforToday.”,说明IssueforToday是节目名称。注意Issue的拼写以及第一个字母大写。2.正确答案:85%解析:根据“Afterall,85percentofdoctorssupportexperimentsonanimals.”得出答案。句子中出现各类承接词时要特别注意,上下文往往是考点所在。3.正确答案:moral解析:嘉宾是动物救助组织的人物,讨论的话题是用动物做实验,所以内容有一定的特殊性。他第一句话就点出“这实际上是个道德问题。”所以答案是moral。4.正确答案:powerless解析:根据嘉宾观点“Weexperimentonanimalsbecausetheyarepowerlesstostopus,”可知答案是powerless。5.正确答案:feelings解析:嘉宾的观点是:动物和人一样,是有感觉的,后面又用事实“likeus,theycansufferpain,fearandmentalagony.Likeus,eachhasalifetolive.Arat’slifeisimportanttoarat,whatevervalueahumanmayplaceonit”补充了自己的论点。PARTBDirections:ForQuestions6-10,youwillhearapassage.Usenotmorethan3wordsforeachanswer.Youwillheartherecordingtwice.Younowhave25secondstoreadthesentencesandthequestionsbelow.听力原文:W:Goodafternoon,everyone.InthelastofthisseriesofHighSchoolForumwearediscus-singtheproblemofunemploymentandhowitwillchangethelivesofouraudience.What’stheopinionoftheyoung?Let’saskouraudience,John?M1:Well,I’mgoingtostudybusinessatcollege.Yousee,Idon’tthinkthattheunemploymentproblemwillgetanybetter.Ithinkit’llprobablygetworseandIwantajob...W:Doyouthinkthatbusinessstudieswillhelp?M1:Ohyes,it’lldefinitelyhelp;Imean,it’sverypracticalsubject.W:Thankyou,John.Whatareyougoingtodo,Thomas?M2:Idon’tknow.Yousee,mybrotherleftuniversityfouryearsagoandhestillhasn’tfoundajob,soIdon’tthinkhe’llstayhere.W:So,where’llhego?M2:Well,he’llprobablygotoAmerica.Hesaystherearelotsofjobsthere.IthinkI’llgowithhim.W:Thankyou,Thomas.Whataboutyou,Steven?M3:I’mgoingtobeateacher.W:Yousoundverydefinite.Doyouthinkunemploymentwillgetbetter?M3:No,Idon’tbutthere’llalwaysbejobsforteachers.Youknow,whenpeoplecan’tfindjobs,theystayonatschool,sothey’llneedteachers.W:Thankyou,Steven.Andyou,Simon?M4:Well,Ithinktheproblemwillgetbetter.Idon’tthinkwe’lleverhavefullemploymentagain,butIthinktherewillbemorejobsinsomesubjects,likecomputers.W:Soyouwanttoworkwithcomputers?M4:Yes,I’mgoingtotakeacomputertrainingcourse.I’llprobablystartitthissummer,andI’lldefinitelygetajobafterwards.W:That’sverygood.Peter,you’renotsooptimistic,areyou?M5:Well,Iwon’tgetajob,willI?It’sdepressing.Youknow,myfriendscan’tfindjobsnow,andthere’llbeevenfewerjobswhenIleave.W:Thankyou,Peter.6.WhatwouldJohnstudyatcollege?正确答案:business解析:从对话中两个句子“Well,I’mgoingtostudybusinessatcollege.”和“Doyouthinkthatbusinessstudieswillhelp?”中可以判断他要学business。7.WherewouldThomasprobablygo?正确答案:America解析:因为他哥哥找不到工作,所以“he’llprobablygotoAmerica.Hesaystherearelotsofjobsthere.IthinkI’llgowithhim.”,因此可知他也要去America。8.WhatWouldStevendo?正确答案:beateacher解析:说他要成为老师,因为“Idon’tbutthere’llalwaysbejobsforteachers.Youknow,whenpeoplecan’tfindjobs,theystayonatschool,sothey’llneedteachers.”。此处teacher重复多次,利于考生判断。9.AccordingtoSimon,whatkindofjobhasmorepleasantfuture?正确答案:computer解析:当问及什么工作前景较好时,Simon说“butIthinktherewillbemorejobsinsomesubjects,likecomputers.”,下文再次重复computer的信息。10.WhatdidPeterthinkaboutjob-hunting?正确答案:It’sdepressing解析:整篇短文在讨论失业问题,所以最后问Peter对找工作有何看法时,Peter说“It’sdepressing.Youknow,myfriendscan’tfindjobsnow,andthere’llbeevenfewerjobswhenIleave.”,因此答案是It’sdepressing。PARTCDirections:Youwillhearthreedialoguesormonologues.Beforelisteningtoeachone,youwillhave5secondstoreadeachofthequestionswhichaccompanyit.Whilelistening,answereachquestionbychoosingA,B,CorD.Afterlistening,youwillhave10secondstocheckyouranswertoeachquestion.YouwillheareachpieceONLYONCE.听力原文:Japanesepeople,whonevermissachancetobephotographed,werelininguptogettheirpictureonapostage-stamp.VanitystampsthatfeaturepersonalphotographswentonsaleforthefirsttimeinJapanaspartofaninternationalpostagestampexhibition.Thecustomer’sphotoistakenwithadigitalcameraandthenprintedonstampsheets,aprocessthattakesaboutfiveminutes.Soldinasheetof10stampsfor$8.80,littlemorethanthecostoflunchinTokyo,eachstampfeaturesadifferentscenefromatraditionalukiyo-ealongwiththephoto.Thestampscanbeusednormallytomailaletter,andpostalofficialshopetheywillhelppromoteinterestinletter-writingintheInternetage.“Certainlye-mailisausefulmethodofcommunication,butlettersarefuninadifferentway,”saidanofficialinthePostsMinistry.“Wewanttoshowyoungpeoplethatletterscanbefuntoo.”WhilesimilarstampsheetsdebutedinAustraliain1999andarenowsoldinsome12nationsandterritories,Japan’sfondnessforcommemorativephotosislikelytomakethemespeciallypopularhere.Indeed,officialshadprepared1,000sheetsbuttheyweresoldoutinlessthan30minutes.Althoughthestampsarecurrentlyonlyavailableasaspecialserviceduringtheexhibition,postalofficialssaidtheymightstartsellingthemonaregularbasisinthefuture.11.Whatdoeseachvanitystampcost?A.$8.80B.$0.88C.$10D.$5正确答案:B解析:数字运算题。十张邮票为一版,共$8.8,那么每张邮票就是$0.88了。12.Whataretheusageofthesevanitystamps?A.Theycanbeusednormallytomailaletter.B.Theycanonlybeusedforexhibition.C.Theyareusedtoattractmoretourists.D.Theyareusedtopostonfamousbuildings.正确答案:A解析:细节辨认题。文中提到“作为日本国际邮展的内容之一,日本首次发售了印有个人照片的自费邮票。”但这不是邮票的用处,后面又提到“这些邮票可以像普通邮票一样用来寄信。”13.WhydoesJapanprintvanitystamps?A.BecausetheJapaneseliketakingphotographs.B.BecausetheJapaneselikewritingletterstoeachother.C.BecausetheJapanesepostalofficialswanttoprintaspecialstamptocatchworldwideattention.D.BecausetheJapanesepostalofficialshopethesestampswillhelppromoteinterestsinletter-writing.正确答案:D解析:细节题,文中明确提到答案“andthepostalofficialshopetheywillhelppromoteinterestinletter-writingintheInternetage”,后面官员又补充说“butlettersarefuninadifferentway”。听力原文:W:Today,weinviteMr.SonderimtotalksomethingaboutEuro.Mr,Sonderim,couldyoutellustheoriginoftheEuro?M:Well,the1992MaastrichtTreatyproposedasinglecurrencybetweentheEuropeanUnion.Theparticipatingcountriesdecidedonthename“Euro”atasummitinMadridin1995andthecurrencywaslaunchedonJanuary1,1999.W:Whatisitworth?M:WhentheEurowaslaunchedin1999,oneEurowasworth1.17USdollarsor71Britishpence.However,theweaknessoftheEurozoneeconomiescomparedwiththatoftheUnitedStates,combinedwiththeinexperienceoftheEuropeanCentralBankindealingwiththeinternationalmarkets,hasmeantthatsinceitslaunchthevalueoftheEurohaddeclinedsignificantly.InDecember2001,oneEurowasworthlittlemorethan89centsor63pennies,a20percentdroponitsinitialvalue.W:Doyouthinkitwillaffectthedailylifeofordinarypeople?M:Isupposeso.Forexample,oneofthemajorheadachesforparticipatingcountrieshasbeentheconversionofpublictelephones,vendingmachines,andshoppingtrolleystoacceptEurocoins.Althoughaconversionprocesshasbeeninfullswingsincebefore1999,therearereportsthatsomecountriesarenotreadyfortheEuro.W:Sowhatdoesitlooklike?M:TherearesevennotesdesignedbytheAustrianartistRobertKalina.Thedesignsshowthe“sevenages”ofEuropeandevelopment,withwindowsandgatewaysonthefront,andbridgesontheback.Inaddition,thereareeightcoinsdesignedbytheBelgianartistLucLuycx.AllEurocoinsareround,buthavedifferencesincomposition,weight,thickness,andmillingtoensurethattheblindcaneasilydistinguishbetweenthem.OnthefrontthereisaEuropeandesign,commontoallcoins,andonthebacka“national”designfromthecentralbankofissue.Despitethe“nationalidentities”,allcoinscanbespentthroughouttheEurozoneregardlessoftheirorigin.14.Whenwaseurolaunched?A.1992B.1995C.1999D.2001正确答案:C解析:本题问欧元的启动时间,只要听清哪个时间发生了什么就行,考试时应养成记笔记的习惯。15.Whydidtheworthofeurodrop?A.ItdroppedduetotheweaknessoftheeurozoneeconomiesandtheinexperienceoftheEuropeanCentralBankindealingwiththeinternationalmarkets.B.PeopleinmostEuropeancountriesrefusedtouseeuroinsteadoftheirowncurrency.C.Counterfeitersmadealotoffakenotessincepeoplewerenotfamiliarwiththenewcurrency.D.Somecountriesarenotreadyfortheeuro.Theystoppedusingeuroindailypurchasing.正确答案:A解析:本题问币值下降原因,此题难度较大,干扰项较多,只有结合听力内容才能得到明确的答案。16.Whyaretheeightcoinsofeurodifferentincomposition,weight,thickness,andmilling?A.Becauseeachnationwantstokeepitscharacteristics.B.Becausetheyaredesignedbydifferentartistsfrom8countries.C.Becauseitwillenabletheblindtodistinguishbetweenthemeasily.D.BecauseDenmarkandothercountrieswanttohavetheirowncoins.正确答案:C解析:解此题应该发挥逆向思维的能力,找出四个选项中那个与其他三项不同的选项,这种解题方法在很多时候都能奏效。听力原文:M:Ithinkthatintermarriageisagoodidea.Afterall,wearelivinginacosmopolitancountry.Wehavesomanydifferentraceslivingtogetherpeacefully,don’twe?Itisnothingnewtous,andIfeelthatintermarriagewillworkout.W:Personally,Ifeelthatitisnotaverysoundidea.Itisdifficultfortwopeopleofentirelydifferentreligionstoliveandsharealifetogether.Theywillfacesomanyproblemsthatitwouldbebetteriftheydon’tgetmarriedinthefirstplace.M:Ofcoursetherewillbeproblems.Eventwopeopleofthesamereligionhaveproblems.Itisthesameinthiscase,exceptthatitwillbeslightlymoredifficult,Iguess.W:Iagreewithyou,Henry.Naturally,therewillbeargumentsandpersonaldifferences.Marriagethrivesonagive-and-takepolicy,soacouplewillhavetolearntoadapttoeachother’scustomsandtraditions.M:That’sright.Marriedpeopleshouldbemoretoleranttowardseachotherandbewillingtolearnabouteachother’sreligion.Onlythencanunderstandingandacceptancebeachievedultimately.W:Youtalkasifitwereverysimple.Itisn’t,youknow.Ishouldknow,asIamachildofamixedmarriage.M:Allright,youtelluswhyitisnotsuchagoodidea.W:Yousee,Henry,itdependsontheindividualsconcerned.Iftwopeopleofdifferentreligionsmarry,theyshouldbepreparedfortheconsequences.Itisonlyaftermarriagethatthevastdifferencesintheculturesbegintoshow.Littlethings,fromfoodandclothestobiggeraspectslikereligiousbeliefs,tendtoclash,leadingeventuallytoarift.Besides,thiswillbeeitherpersonalprideorthereluctancetoaccepttheother’sviews.Itmayleadtoabiggapbetweentheparents,andtheirchildrenmaysufferalotinbetween.M:Youhaveapointthere,butIcanalsotellyouofseveralsuchcoupleswhoarelivinghappilytogether.W:Isupposethatyouareright.Intermarriagecanleadtohappinessorsorrow,dependingonhowitishandled.17.Whichwordmaybestdescribetwospeakers’positionsonintermarriage?A.ComparisonB.ContrastC.CausalityD.Bias正确答案:B解析:归纳题。关于跨文化、跨国籍的婚姻话题,男女交谈一开始就有不同意见。男的认为是个好主意,女的则认为不合适,所以答案选B。此题的关键要理解sound(合理的、好的)的意思。18.Whydoesmarriageusuallythriveconcerningcustomsandtraditions?A.Onagive-and-takepolicyB.Beyondagive-and-takepolicyC.Inthemannerofeachother’sadaptationD.Duetoreligiousbeliefs正确答案:A解析:因果题,夫妻间应该互相妥协,这是维持良好夫妻关系的根本。19.Theculturaldifferencesarise______.A.attheweddingB.beforeintermarriageC.afterpeoplegetmarriedD.untilrecently正确答案:C解析:参见“Itisonlyaftermarriagethatthevastdifferencesintheculturesbegintoshow.”,可知C符合题意。20.Whatnegativeeffectsmaytheintermarriagemostprobablycause?A.AquickdivorceB.CulturalshockC.AbiggapbetweenparentsandchildrenD.Muchsufferinginchildren’sminds正确答案:D解析:通婚或许导致父母之间的巨大隔阂,他们的子女也许夹在中间受害,所以D是正确答案。SectionIIUseofEnglish(15minutes)Directions:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordforeachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonANSWERSHEET1.Everyoneknowsthattaxationisnecessaryinamodernstate:【21】______it,itwouldnotbepossibletopaythesoldiersandpolicemenwhoprotectus;【22】______theworkersingovernmentofficeswho【23】______ourhealth,ourfood,ourwater,andall【24】______thingsthatwecannotdoforourselves.By【25】______oftaxation,wepayforthingsthatweneedas【26】______asweneedsomewheretoliveandsomethingtoeat,Inmostcountries,adirecttaxonpersons,【27】______iscalledincometax,exists.Itisarrangedinsuchawaythatthepoorestpeoplepay【28】______,andthepercentageoftaxgrowsgreaterasthetaxpayer’s【29】______grows.InEngland,forexample,thetaxonhe【30】______peoplegoesupashighasninety-fivepercent!Butcountrieswithdirecttaxationnearlyalwayshave【31】______taxationtoo.Manythingsimportedintothecountryhavetopaytaxesor“duties”.【32】______,itisthemenandwomenwhobuytheimportedthingsintheshopswhoreally【33】______paytheduties,inthe【34】______ofhigherprices.Insomecountries,too,thereisatax【35】______thingssoldintheshops.Ifthemostnecessarythingsaretaxed,alotofmoneyiscollected,butthepoorpeoplesuffer【36】______.Ifunnecessarythingslikejewelsandfurcoatsaretaxed,【37】______isobtained,butthetaxisfairer,asthe【38】______payit.Probablythislastkindofindirecttax,【39】______withadirectonincomeswhichislowforthepoorandhighfortherich,is【40】______arrangement.21.【21】A.becauseofB.insteadofC.withD.without正确答案:D解析:本句意为“没有了它,就不可能付钱给保护我们的士兵和警察。”22.【22】A.soB.norC.notD.all正确答案:B解析:nor“也不能”,本句意为“也不能支付政府办公室里的工作人员”。23.【23】A.lookafterB.sympathizeC.considerD.see正确答案:A解析:lookafter“照料”,本句意为“照顾我们的健康、食物和水的政府工作人员”。sympathize“同情”,consider”考虑”,see“看见”。24.【24】A.otherB.othersC.theotherD.many正确答案:A解析:allotherthings“所有其他的东西”,固定用法。25.【25】A.meanB.meansC.ameansD.themeans正确答案:B解析:means“途径”,bymeansof“通过”,固定用法。26.【26】A.manyB.wellC.moreD.much正确答案:D解析:asmuchas“与…一样多”,本句意为“我们为我们需要的东西付钱,就像我们需要地方居住,需要东西来吃一样”。27.【27】A.whichB.whatC.thatD.it正确答案:A解析:空后的句子是一个非限制性定语从句,用来修饰“adirecttaxonpersons”,所以应当选which做引导词。28.【28】A.alotB.mostC.nothingD.more正确答案:C解析:从后面一句话“随着纳税人收入的增长,纳税百分比也随之增长”可以推断出,最穷的人支付的就当最少。29.【29】A.incomeB.populationC.taxD.amount正确答案:A解析:income“收入”。这句话的意思是“随着纳税人收入的增长…”,population“人口”,tax“税”,amount“数额”。30.【30】A.poorB.workingC.richD.richest正确答案:D解析:本句意为“富人的税率增长了95%”。31.【31】A.noB.incomeC.indirectD.direct正确答案:C解析:indirect“间接”。本句意为“但是征收直接税的国家一般总是会有间接税。”32.【32】A.HoweverB.SoC.OfcourseD.Bychance正确答案:C解析:ofcourse“当然”。本句意为“当然,实际上是那些购买商店里的进口商品的人需要支付税款。”so“因此”,however“但是”,bychance“偶然”。33.【33】A.havetoB.willC.arewillingtoD.should正确答案:A解析:haveto“必须”,will“会”,bewillingto“愿意”,should“应当”。34.【34】A.wayB.formC.nameD.terms正确答案:B解析:intheformof“以…的形式”,本句意为“以更高价格的形式”。没有inthewayof的搭配,inthenameof“以…的名义”,intermsof“在…方面”。35.【35】A.aboutB.onC.forD.form正确答案:B解析:“对…的税收”,介词用on。36.【36】A.leastB.highlyC.lessD.most正确答案:D解析:本句意为“如果最为必要的东西,会征收很多钱,但是穷人将损失最多”。37.【37】A.lessmoneyB.moremoneyC.fewermoneyD.mostmoney正确答案:A解析:本句意为“如果对像珠宝和皮衣一类的非必需品征税,得到的钱更少些”。38.【38】A.peopleB.poorC.richD.country正确答案:C解析:本句意为”但是纳税会更公平,因为富人会支付”。39.【39】A.includingB.alongC.dealingD.and正确答案:B解析:alongwith“和,与…一起”,including“包括”,dealingwith“涉及,与…有关”,and“和”。40.【40】A.thebestB.theworstC.goodD.better正确答案:A解析:本句意为“这是最好的安排”。SectionIIIReadingComprehension(60minutes)PartBDirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Sixyearslater,inanabout-face,theFBIadmitsthatfederalagentsfiredteargascanisterscapableofcausingafireattheBranchDavidiancompoundnearWaco,Texasin1993.Buttheofficialsaidthefiringcameseveralhoursbeforethestructureburstintoflames,killing80peopleincludingtheDavidians’leader,DavidKoresh.“Inlookingintothis,we’vecomeacrossinformationthatshowssomecanistersthatcanbedeemedpyrotechnicinnaturewerefired—hoursbeforethefirestarted,”theofficialsaid.“Deviceswerefiredatthebunker,notatthemainstructurewheretheDavidianswerecampedout.”TheFederalBureauofInvestigationmaintainsitdidnotstartwhatturnedtobeaseriesoffieryburstsofflamesthatendeda51-daystandoffbetweenbranchmembersandthefederalgovernment.“Thisdoesn’tchangethebottomlinethatDavidKoreshstartedthefireandthegovernmentdidnot,”theofficialsaid.“Itsimpleshowsthatdevicesthatcouldprobablybeflammablewereusedintheearlymorninghours.”ThelawenforcementofficialsaidthecanisterswerefirednotatthemainstructurewheretheDavidianmemberswerecampedoutbutatthenearbyundergroundbunker.Theybouncedoffthebunker’sconcreteroofandlandedinanopenfieldwell,theofficialsaid.Thecanisterswerefiredataround6a.m.,andthefirethatdestroyedthewoodencompoundstartedaroundnoon,theofficialsaid.Theofficialalsoaddedthatotherteargascanistersusedbyagentthatdaywerenotflammableorpotentiallyexplosive.WhileCoulsondeniedthegrenadesplayedaroleinstartingthefire,hisstatementmarkedthefirsttimethatanyU.S.governmentofficialhaspubliclycontradictedthegovernment’spositionthatfederalagentsusednothingonthefinaldayofthesiegeatWacothatcouldhavesparkedthefirethatengulfedthecompound.ThecauseofthefieryendisamajorfocusofanongoinginquirybytheTexasRangersintotheWacosiege.41.TheFBIofficialhasNOTadmittedthat______.A.thecanisterswerefiredatthemainstructureB.thecanisterswerefiredhoursbeforethefirestartedC.federalagentsfiredteargascanisterscapableofcausingafireD.otherteargascanistersthatwerenotflammableorpotentiallyexplosivewerealsoused正确答案:A解析:根据文中“thelawenforcementofficialsaidthecanisterswerefirednotatthemainstructure—butatthenearbyundergroundbunker.”这一句可以看出A是他没有承认的内容,而B,C和D都在文中有直接或间接的体现。42.Fromthepassage,whatinformationcanbeinferredabouttheeventin1993?A.ThecompoundwasblownupbytheFBIagents.B.Thecompoundburstintoflamesatdawn.C.Thefederalgovernmentbesiegedthecompoundfor51daysbeforethetragedyoccurred.D.About80peoplewerekilledintheeventexcepttheDavidians’leader,DavidKoresh.正确答案:C解析:庄园毁于大火,而非爆炸,因此A是错误的;“thefirethatdestroyedthewoodencompoundstartedaroundnoon”表示时间是中午而非早晨,因此B是错误的;从“killing80peopleincludingtheDavidians’leader,DavidKoresh”来看,D是错误的;“flamesthatendeda51-daystandoffbetweenbranchmembersandthefederalg43.Afterreadingthepassage,howmuchdoyouknowaboutthecompoundnearWaco?A.About51peoplelivedinthecompoundatthetimeoftheeventin1993.B.Itconsistedofamainstructureandabunker.C.Itwasbuiltofstone.D.Itwasaschoolhouse.正确答案:B解析:在大火中有80人丧生,因此居住在庄园里的人肯定不止51个,所以A是错误的;“thefirethatdestroyedthewoodencompoundstartedaroundnoon”,可见其为木质结构,而非石制,因此C是错误的;“thecompoundnearWaco”是BranchDavidian的居住地,从文中无法得出其为校舍的结论,因此D是不正确的;文中多处提到mainstructure和bunker,因此B为正确答案。44.Coulson’sspeechhas______.A.madethematterevenmorecomplicatedandconfusingB.beenapprovedbythegovernmentC.metsharpcriticismD.broughtthewholematterintobroaddaylight正确答案:A解析:从文中看来,Coulson一方面承认FBI探员向庄园发射了可能导致火灾的催泪弹,另一方面坚持说火灾不是这些催泪弹引起的,使整个事件变得更加扑朔迷离,因此A是正确的。45.Theattitudeofthenarratortowardsthismessageis______.A.neutralB.bitterC.excitedD.expectant正确答案:D解析:文中叙述者的口气比较平淡,倾向于中立,但about-face等词的使用体现了对此事的关心和希望进一步揭露事实真相的态度,因此D是正确的。其他三个选项都不能准确地体现叙述者的心情。Thequestionofwhetherwarisinevitableisone,whichhasconcernedmanyoftheworld’sgreatwriters.Beforeconsideringthisquestion,itwillbeusefultointroducesomerelatedconcepts.Conflict,definedasoppositionamongsocialentitiesdirectedagainstoneanother,isdistinguishedfromcompetition,definedasoppositionamongsocialentitiesindependentlystrivingforsomething,whichisininadequatesupply.Competitorsmaynotbeawareofoneanother,whilethepartiestoaconflictare.Conflictandcompetitionarebothcategoriesofopposition,whichhasbeendefinedasaprocessbywhichsocialentitiesfunctionisthedisserviceofoneanother.Oppositionisthuscontrastedwithcooperation,theprocessbywhichsocialentitiesfunctionintheserviceofoneanother.Thesedefinitionsarenecessarybecauseitisimportanttoemphasizethatcompetitionbetweenindividualsorgroupsininevitableinaworldoflimitedresources,butconflictisnot.Conflict,nevertheless,isverylikelytooccur,andisprobablyanessentialanddesirableelementofhumansocieties.Manyauthorshavearguedfortheinevitabilityofwarfromthepremisethatinthestruggleforexistenceamonganimalspecies,onlythefittestsurvive.Ingeneral,however,thisstruggleinnatureiscompetition,notconflict.Socialanimals,suchasmonkeysandcattle,fighttowinormaintainleadershipofthegroup.Thestruggleforexistenceoccursnotinsuchfights,butinthecompetitionforlimitedfeedingareasandforoccupancyofareasfreefrommeat-eatinganimals.Thosewhofailinthiscompetitionstarvetodeathorbecomevictimstootherspecies.Thisstruggleforexistencedoesnotresemblehumanwar,butratherthecompetitionofindividualsforjobs,markets,andmaterials.Theessenceofthestruggleisthecompetitionforthenecessitiesoflifethatareinsufficienttosatisfyall.Amongnationsthereiscompetitionindevelopingresources,trades,skills,andasatisfactorywayoflife.Thesuccessfulnationsgrowandprosper;theunsuccessfuldecline.Whileitistruethatthiscompetitionmayinduceeffortstoexpandterritoryattheexpenseofothers,andthusleadtoconflict,itcannotbesaidthatwar-likeconflictamongnationsisinevitable,althoughcompetitionis.46.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorgivesthedefinitionsofsometermsinorderto______.A.argueforthesimilaritiesbetweenanimalsocietiesandhumansocietiesB.smoothouttheconflictsinhumansocietiesC.distinguishbetweentwokindsofoppositionD.summarizethecharacteristicfeaturesofoppositionandcooperation正确答案:C解析:从作者对conflict和competition的定义可以看出,他的目的在于说明这两种对立的不同之处,所以正确答案应当为C。47.Accordingtotheauthor,competitiondiffersfromconflictinthat______.A.itresultsinwarinmostcasesB.itinduceseffortstoexpandterritoryC.itisakindofoppositionamongsocialentitiesD.itisessentiallyastruggleforexistence正确答案:D解析:本题所涉及的相关信息在文章的第三段。在这一段中,作者将动物和人的竞争做了一个比较,指出那种为生存而进行的斗争是竞争而不是冲突,所以竞争和冲突的区别在于,前者是为了生存而进行的必要的不可避免的斗争。由此可见,正确答案应当为D。48.Thephrase“functioninthedisserviceofoneanother”(Para.1)mostprobablymeans______.A.betrayeachotherB.harmoneanotherC.helptocollaboratewitheachotherD.benefitoneanother正确答案:B解析:理解这句话必须联系上下文。在文章的前面提到,冲突和竞争是两种对立,所以C选项说“他们相互合作”,D选项说“他们相互有利”,都是不正确的;而A选项说他们“相互背叛”,也不符合题意,因此只有选项B是恰当的。49.Theauthorindicatesinthepassagethatconflict______.A.isaninevitablestruggleresultingfromcompetitionB.reflectsthestruggleamongsocialanimalsC.isanoppositionamongindividualsocialentitiesD.canbeavoided正确答案:D解析:从文章的最后一句话“……尽管竞争是不可避免的,但我们不能说国家之间的冲突是不可避免的”,于是我们可以判断正确答案应当为D。50.Thepassageisprobablyintendedtoanswerthequestion”______”.A.Iswarinevitable?B.Whyisthereconflictandcompetition?C.Isconflictdesirable?D.Cancompetitionleadtoconflict?正确答案:A解析:综合全文,可以看到作者通过对竞争和冲突的对比,说明的是文章开头提出的那个问题,即“Thequestionofwhetherwarisinevitable...”,所以这一题的正确答案应当为A。Howefficientisoursystemofcriminaltrial?Doesitreallydothebasicjobweaskofit—convictingtheguiltyandacquittingtheinnocent?ItisoftensaidthattheBritishtrailsystemismorelikeagamethanaseriousattempttodojustice.Thelawyersoneachsidearesoengrossedinplayinghardtowin,challengingeachot

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