九年级英语词法语法句法手册(讲解+习题+答案)

Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?1．aloud大声地；出声地(1)aloud作副词，意为“大声地；出声地”。(2)aloud,loud与loudly的区别：aloud,loud和loudly都可以表示“大声地”，但在用法上有区别。1)aloud和loud作副词时，都有“大声地；响亮地”的意思，有时可以通用。但aloud与read，think等动词连用时，强调“出声”，而loud通常只与talk，speak,shout,laugh等动词连用，且必须放在这些动词之后，在口语中可代替loudly。如：①Pleasereadthetextaloud.请朗读一下课文。②Speaklouder,please,ornoonewillhearyou.请大声些，否则没人能听见。2)aloud只可用作副词，但loud还可用作形容词，意为“大声的；高声的”。如：Hehasaloudvoice.他嗓门大。3)loudly也作副词，意为“响亮地”，其基本意义与loud相同，还常与ring,knock等动词连用。loudly放在动词前后均可，含有“喧闹”或“嘈杂”的意味。如：Suddenlythebellonthewallrangloudly.突然，墙上的铃大声地响起来。2．patient(1)patient作形容词时，意为“有耐心的”。如：Well,bepatient.Ittakestime.请耐心，这需要花费时间。常用结构：bepatientwithsb.，意为“对某人有耐心”。如：Ourmathteacherisverypatientwithus.我们的数学老师对我们很有耐心。(2)patient还可作名词，意为“病人”。如：Pleaselookafterthosepatientsforme.请帮我照顾好那些病人。(3)patient的派生词：patiencen.耐心patientlyadv.有耐心地impatientadj.没有耐心的3．study与learn的区别(1)study意为“学习；研究”，强调学习的过程。如：WeshouldstudyEnglishhard.我们应该努力学习英语。(2)learn意为“学习；学会”，强调学习的结果。如：WeshouldlearnEnglishwell.我们应该学好英语。4．voice,sound与noise的区别(1)voice指人的嗓音，也指鸟鸣。如：inalowvoice低声地atthetopofmyvoice以我最大的音量(2)sound意为“声音；响声”，指人可以听到的各种声音。如：hearastrangesound听到一个奇怪的声音(3)noise意为“噪音；吵闹声”。常用短语：makenoise吵闹，makealotofnoise制造很多噪音。如：Don'tmakeanynoise!别吵闹！noise的派生词：noisyadj.吵闹的；noisilyadv.吵闹地。如：①Don'tbenoisy.别吵闹。②Don'tgototheroomnoisily.Thebabyissleeping.不要吵闹地进入房间，婴儿在睡觉。5．learnalotthatway＝learnalotinthatway用那种方法学到很多表示方式可以用介词in,with,by。如：inEnglish用英语，inaverylowvoice用非常低的嗓音，inblue穿着蓝色的衣服，inink用墨水，withaknife用小刀，withmyeyes用我的眼睛，withherrighthand用她的右手，bycar乘小汽车，bysellingnewspapers通过卖报纸6．beafraidofsth./doingsth.害怕某事/做某事(1)beafraidof后接名词或动词­ing形式。如：I'mafraidofbeingalone.我害怕独处。(2)beafraid还有以下几种用法：1)beafraidtodosth.意为“害怕去做某事”。如：I'mafraidtobelatetomorrow.我害怕明天迟到。2)beafraid(that)＋句子，意为“恐怕……；担心……”，表示委婉语气。如：I'mafraidIcan'tgotoyourparty.我恐怕去不了你的派对。1．It'stoohardtounderstandspokenEnglish.听懂英语口语太难了。“too＋形容词/副词＋动词不定式”结构简称为too...to结构。这种结构是英语中常用的一种句型，在大多数情况下表示否定意义，在翻译时，通常可译为“太……而不能……；太……无法……”。如：①Hewalkstooslowlytogetthereontime.他走得太慢，不能按时到达那儿。②I'mtootiredtothinkofanythingnow.我现在太累了，什么也不能想了。2．WhydidWeiFenfinditdifficulttolearnEnglish?魏芬为什么觉得学英语难？(1)findit＋形容词＋todosth.意为“发现做某事……”，it在这里作形式宾语代替todosth.，此句相当于find＋宾语从句，但宾语从句中要注意时态与主句一致。如：IfounditinterestingtoplayChinesechess.＝IfounditwasinterestingtoplayChinesechess.我发现下中国象棋很有趣。(2)find＋宾语＋宾补(名词、形容词、介词短语、分词)，意为“发现……”。如：①Wefindheranhonestgirl.我们发现她是一个诚实的女孩。②Wefindherhonest.我们发现她很诚实。③Wefoundhimintheclassroom.我们发现他在教室里。④Ifoundhimworkinginthegarden.我发现他在花园工作。⑤Hefoundthewindowclosed.他发现窗户关着。3．TheteacherspokesoquicklythatIdidnotunderstandhermostofthetime.老师讲得如此快以致大多数时候我都没有听懂。so...that...是一个主从复合句，意为“如此……以致……”，常用结构：so＋形容词/副词＋that从句。此结构的从句为否定句时，可以用not...enoughto...和too...to结构将主从复合句转换为简单句。如：It'ssodifficultthatIcan'tunderstandthemeaningoftheEnglishstory.＝It'snoteasyenoughtounderstandthemeaningoftheEnglishstory.＝It'stoodifficulttounderstandthemeaningoftheEnglishstory.要明白这个英语故事的意思很难。4．Itservesyouright.你活该/这是你应得的。Itservessb.right.是固定搭配，意为“某人活该；是某人应得的”。如：Ioncetoldyoutoworkhard,butyoualwaysturnedadeafeartome,itservesyouright.以前我告诉过你要努力工作，但你总是不听我的，你这是自作自受。1．by的用法(1)通过……方式(途径)。如：IlearnEnglishbylisteningtotapes.我通过听磁带学习英语。(2)在……旁边。如：Canyousitbythewindow?你能坐在窗边吗？(3)乘坐交通工具。如：Ioftengotoschoolbybus.我经常乘公交车上学。(4)在……之前；到……为止。如：Ihavetogobackbyteno'clock.我不得不在十点之前回去。(5)被。如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.很多人讲英语。(6)固定词组：bytheway顺便说一下，bymistake由于过错，byoneself独自，onebyone一个接一个，bytheendof到……末为止，timegoesby时光流逝，byaccident偶然地，wordbyword一个词接一个词。2．how与what的区别(1)how通常对方式或程度提问，意为“怎么样；如何”，通常用来作状语和表语；what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问，意为“什么”，通常作主语和宾语。如：①—Howisyoursummerholiday?你的暑假过得怎么样？(how表示程度，作表语)—It'sOK.很好。②—Howdidyoutravelaroundtheworld?你是怎么环游世界的？(how对交通方式提问，作状语)—Itraveledbyair.我乘飞机旅行。③—Whatdoyoulearnatschool?你在学校学什么？(what作宾语)—IlearnEnglish,mathandmanyothersubjects.我学英语、数学和其他很多的科目。(2)how与what的相关句型：1)Whatdoyouthinkof...？＝Whatdoyouthinkabout...？＝Howdoyoufeelabout...？＝Howdoyoulike...？，意为“你认为……怎么样”。如：Whatdoyouthinkofthisbook？＝Howdoyoulikethisbook?你认为这本书怎么样？2)Whatdoyoudowith...？＝Howdoyoudealwith...？，意为“你怎么处理……”。如：Idon'tknowwhatIshoulddowiththematter.＝Idon'tknowhowIshoulddealwiththematter.我不知道如何处理这件事。3)What'stheweatherliketoday？＝How'stheweathertoday?今天天气怎么样？4)Idon'tknowwhattodonext.我不知道下一步该做什么。Idon'tknowhowtodoitnext.我不知道下一步该怎么做。5)感叹句。what后加名词，how后加形容词或副词。如：①Whatgood/badweatheritistoday!(weather为不可数名词，其前不能加a)＝Howgood/badtheweatheristoday!今天天气真好/糟糕啊！②Whatafine/baddayitistoday!(day为可数名词，其前要加a)＝Howfine/badthedayistoday!今天天气真好/糟糕啊！一、用by,with,in或on填空1．—HowdoeshercousinimproveherEnglish?—Sheimprovesit________askingtheteacherforhelp.2．Tomsaid________aloudvoice,“It'snoneofyourbusiness.”3．Youcanmakealiving________teachingEnglishatamiddleschool.4．Theyhavemademuchprogress________theirhardwork.5．Wearelisteningtotheexcitingnews________theradio.二、用所给词的适当形式填空1．Wedoalotof________(active)everyday.2．Whatweneedtodoistoputthe__________(sentence)inarightorder.3．Theirparentsknowthe________(important)ofdoingthat.4．Thepopulationoftheworldis__________(increase)veryquickly.5．He__________(success)bytryingmanytimes.6．Inclasstheyalwayslistentoteachersandtake________(note)carefully.7．Ioftenmake________(mistake)inEnglishgrammar.8．Everyoneshouldlearn________(wise)andlearnwell.9．Iamallowedtomakemyown________(decide)athome.10．Thepen________(pal)ofminearefromdifferentcountries.11．Theyalwayshavetrouble__________(pronounce)someofthewords.12．Whenyouneedhelp,________(partner)maygiveyouahand.13．Ofcoursewedidn'tknowhowEnglishspeakers________(create)thewords.14．Wemustuseoureyesand________(brain)tomakeeverythingclear.15．Thegovernmentbuiltabridge,__________(connect)ShanghaiandShaoxing.16．Haveyou________(review)whatyoulearnedyesterday?17．Wealllikethatscienceteacher,heis________(knowledge)．18．Weknowitisnotpolite________(repeat)others'voice.19．Oneofthethingshe________(discover)wasthattheChineseusedpapermoney.20．ImuststudyEnglishwellsothatIcanhaveabetter________(understand)ofEnglishmovies.三、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空pronouncealoudtextbookexpressionconversation1．Canyoumakesomesentenceswiththesewordsand______________？2．Hetriesandtriesandatlasthecangethis______________right.3．Doyouallhavethe________？Ifyoudo,pleaseturntoPage1.4．Readthethree________betweenLucyandJackandanswerthefollowingquestions.5．—HowcanIimprovemyEnglish?—Youcanreadit________topracticeitinthemorning.四、根据中文意思完成句子1．我有点紧张，下周五我得做一个报告。I'malittle________，Ihaveto________________________nextFriday.2．不要一个词一个词地读书，你应该按词群读。Don'treadthebook________________________，youshouldreadword________．3．努力通过读句子去猜一个单词的意思。Try________________a________meaningbyreadingthe________．4．学好语法是要花时间的，但是你得有耐心。It________time________________grammarwell,butyouhaveto________________．5．我认识到我能通过听关键词听懂对话。I________Icouldunderstandtheconversation________________________thekeywords.6．如果你不知道这个词的意思，你可以在字典中查。Ifyoudon'tknowthe________oftheword,youcan________________________inthedictionary.7．你能告诉我怎样提高我的阅读速度吗？Canyoutellmehow________________my________________？8．你是否能学好英语依赖于你的学习习惯。________________________youcanlearnEnglishwell________________yourlearninghabits.9．仅仅跟你父母说对不起是不够的。It's_________________________just________sorrytoyourparents.10．他们正在寻找方法来复习他们所学的东西。Theyare__________________________toreview________theyhavelearned.五、根据中文提示完成短文MissWuisayoungteacherofEnglishinChina.Shelovesteachingverymuch.OnedaywhenshewasgivinganEnglishlesson,shefoundtheheadmaster1________(坐)atthebackoftheclassroom.Afterclasstheheadmastertoldherthathecametoherclassto2________(发现)howmuchEnglishandhowmuchChineseshewasusing.The3________(结果)wasabouthalfEnglishandhalfChinese.ShewasusingChinesewhenshegaveinstructionstoherstudentsand4________(当……时)shewantedtogetfeedback(反馈)fromherstudents.TheheadmastertoldhersheshouldusemoreEnglishinherclasssothatshecangivestudentsmoreEnglish5________(知识).MissWumadeaplan6________(像)this：*TalkwithanEnglishmaneverySundayfortwohourstolearnmoreEnglish7________(表达方式)．*WritesomeEnglishvocabularyoncards.Thesecardsnotonly8________(提醒)hertouseEnglishinclass,butalsohelpher9________(记住)moreEnglishvocabulary.*Haveafive­minutetalkinEnglishwithstudentsbeforeclass.Shewillusebodylanguagetohelpherifherstudentscannotunderstand.Oneyearlater,shefoundshecoulduseEnglish10________(自由地)inclass.六、语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。每空不多于3个单词。MostChinesestudentsthinkEnglishisdifficulttolearn.Whatdoyouthink?HereissomeadviceonlearningEnglish.Whenyoulearnanewword,don'tjustmemorizeit._1________，trytouseitinthesentences.Anduseitasoftenasyoucanonthe2________(one)dayyoulearnit.Youwillrememberthenewwordsmuch3________(easy)inthisway.Practicingsounds,youknow,4________difficult.Takethe“th”soundforexample:choosethewordsthatbeginwith“th”andrepeatthemoverandoveragain5________youpronouncethemwell.Haveatry!Read,readandread!Readingisoneof6________(good)waystoincreaseyourvocabularyandimproveyourgrammar.It'simportanttochoosethebooks