英语译林版（江苏）必修5导学笔记Unit1单元加餐练（一）

单元加餐练(一)——完形阅读组合练Ⅰ.完形填空hissmallpany.Speakingofsuccess，Glenoftentellsusastoryabouthisextraexpensive“school”fee.Healways2hissuccesstoit.Atthattime，Glen，whoalreadygotaPhDdegree，3toreturntothehomeland，startingapany.Beforeleaving，heboughtaRolexwatchwiththe4madethroughyearsofworkafterschoolandthescholarships.Attheairporthehadtoacceptthe5customscheck.Thewatchonhiswristwasalsodemandedtobetakendownfor6.Glenknewthatcarryingthespecificgoodsouthadtopaythetax，andheworriedaboutpaying7forhiswatch.Sowhenhewaschecked，hetoldaliethathiswatchwasa8fake(假货)．Whenhewas9ofhis“smarts”，immediately，inthepresenceofGlen，theofficershitthewatch，10costnearly100,000，intopieces11hearingGlen’swords.Glenwas12.Beforeheunderstoodwhy，hewastakentotheofficetobeexamined13.Formanytimesofentryexit14，heknewthatonlythosepeopleinthe“blacklist”would“enjoy”thisspecialtreatment.Theofficerslookedovereverythingcarefullyinthebox，and15himnomatterwhattimeofentryandexithemustacceptthecheckandif16reusingandcarryingfakeandshoddygoods，hewouldbe17accordingtolaw！Suddenly，hisfaceturnedred，andhehadnothinginmindafterboardingtheplaneforlong.Afterreturningtothehomeland，heoftentoldthestorytohisfamily，andhisemployees，too.Hesaidthatthismadeadeep18onhim，becausetheadditionalhigh“school”feethatofhissuccessforever.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。Glen先生是个百万富翁。他用自己的亲身经历告诉别人，他成功的秘诀就是要诚实。1．A.setup B．tookupC．wentup D．pickedup答案A解析根据下文中的“startingapany”可知，Glen归国后成立了一家公司。setup建立，成立；takeup拿起，开始从事；goup上升；pickup恢复，拾起。2．A.honours B．mentionsC．brings D．owes答案D解析Glen把自己的成功归功于那次交了昂贵“学费”的经历。owe...to...把……归功于……。3．A.decided B．refusedC．objected D．asked答案A解析根据下一句的beforeleaving可知，他决定(decide)回国。4．A.books B．thingsC．savings D．pounds答案C解析Glen用课后打工挣的积蓄(saving)和所得奖学金的钱买了一块劳力士手表。5．A.ordinary B．routineC．regular D．mon答案B解析旅客在机场要接受机场例行的海关检查。routine例行的，日常的，常规的。6．A.look B．inspectionC．test D．experiment答案B解析根据上文的check和下文的examined可知是要把手表摘下来检查(inspection)。7．A.one B．itC．them D．these答案B解析it指代空前的thetax。8．A.priceless B．usefulC．worthless D．valuable答案C解析他既然谎称手表是假货，故应该是不值钱的(worthless)。priceless无价的，极贵重的；useful有用的；valuable贵重的。9．A.afraid B．proudC．ashamed D．hard答案B解析根据空后的his“smarts”可知，Glen对自己的聪明感到自豪(proud)，可结果是聪明反被聪明误。10．A.that B．whatC．who D．which答案D解析which引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语，修饰先行词thewatch。11．A.on B．atC．as D．in答案A解析onhearingGlen’swords意为“一听到Glen的话”。on/upondoingsth.表示“一……就……”。12．A.disappointed B．delightedC．amazed D．satisfied答案C解析海关官员一听Glen说手表是假的，就当着他的面把劳力士表砸碎，这大大出乎他的意料，故Glen很吃惊(amazed)。13．A.strictly B．quietlyC．quickly D．curiously答案A14．A.conditions B．experiencesC．experiments D．chances答案B解析根据Glen在国外读书并获得学位可知，他应该有过很多次的出入境经历(experience)。15．A.stopped B．hopedC．warned D．urged答案C解析根据下文的mustacceptthecheck和accordingtolaw可知，该官员说话的语气应该是警告式的。16．A.cameout B．foundoutC．sentout D．setout答案B解析如果他再次被发现(findout)使用假冒伪劣商品，将根据法律受到控诉。17．A.hit B．blamedC．praised D．charged答案D解析既然携带假冒伪劣商品是违法的事情，那一定是会被控诉(charge)。18．A.expression B．ideaC．thought D．impression答案D解析makeanimpressiononsb.意为“给某人留下印象”，是固定短语。19．A.honesty B．liesC．goods D．bravery答案A解析由于撒谎付出了昂贵的代价，因此Glen意识到了诚信(honesty)的价值。20．A.secret B．lessonC．choice D．belief答案A解析他将永远记住这个成功的秘诀(secret)。Ⅱ.阅读理解ASirWilliamOslerhasafewwordsforyou：“Inthelifeofayoungman，themostessentialthingforhappinessisthegiftoffriendship.”Truerwordswereneverspoken.Forwhatmorecouldyouaskthanradeshipduringthepeaksandvalleysoflife？Towhomelsebutaclose，valuablefriendcanyoushowoffyoursuccessesandplainaboutyourfailuresorlosses?Whatisa“goodfriend”？Howishebestdescribed？Well，ithasbeenmyobservationthatalthoughmanywillcrywithyou，fewcansincerelyrejoice(欣喜)withyou.Therefore，inmyopinion，agoodfriendisonewhocanenjoyyoursuccesseswithoutenvy；onewhocansay，“Thatwaswonderful！Youcandoitagain，evenbetterifyouwant！”andmeanit.Nothingtaxesafriendshipmorethanthesuccessofoneandnottheother.Eventheclosestoffriendshipsoftencannotresistsuchpressureandfailure.Nowondermanyminorfriendshipsgodowndaybydayforthesamereason.Apersonofgoodcharacterandsoundmoralfiber，ofhonorandhumor，ofcourageandbeliefisafriendtobesoughtandtreasured—fortherearefew.Toooftenwehear，“Ifyoucancountyourgoodfriendsonmorethanonehand，consideryourselfblessed.”AndeventhenIwouldadd，“Evenifyouhavelosttwofingersofthathandtotheelectricsaw.”Whatmakesafriendshiplast？Well，Idon’tknowalltheanswers，butoneofmyobservationsisthatmostgoodfriendsusuallyhavesimilartastes.Theygenerallylikeanddislikemanyofthesamethings.Therealsousuallyseemstoexistasimilarityofpersonalitytypes—especiallyinthefundamentalvaluesoflifesuchashonesty，sincerity，loyalty，anddependability.Moreoftenthannot，birdsofafeatherdoflytogether.Idon’tthinkitmattersalotwhetheroneprefersjazzorhockeytoanother’sMozartorballet.Muchothermattersfarmore：relying，sharing，giving，getting，enjoying；asympatheticearalwaysthere；criticismwhenitcanhelp；praise—evenifonlybecauseitwouldhelp.Withnotmanypeopleonthisearthwillyoufindthismuchinmon.Whenyoufindone，hangontohim，foragoodfriendfoundisararetreasure.语篇解读友谊是一个永恒的主题，但究竟什么人才是真正的朋友呢？什么友谊才是永恒的友谊？21．WhatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentenceinParagraphtwo?A．Peopledon’thavetopaytaxestodevelopfriendshipwithothers.B．Successofonepersoncanpromotehisfriendshipwithothers.C．Friendshipcanbeaffectedbythedifferenceinsuccessbetweenfriends.D．Nothingcanaffectfriendshipbecauseithasgonethroughthepeaksandvalleysoflife.答案C解析句意理解题。本句句意是“发达和成功最能添加友谊的负担”，结合上文“agoodfriendisonewhocanenjoyyoursuccesseswithoutenvy；”(好朋友就是可以毫无嫉妒地享受你的成功的人)以及下文“Eventheclosestoffriendshipsoftencannotresistsuchpressureandfailure.”(甚至是最亲密的友谊也经常不能抵抗这些压力和失败)推断，这句话的意思是：朋友间的不同的成功会给友谊带来影响。故选C项。22．WhatisthemainideaofParagraphthree?A．Oneisluckytohavemanyfriends.B．Afriendshouldhaveagoodcharacter.C．Weshouldcountourfriendsonmorethanonehand.D．Atruefriendshouldbetreasuredbecausetherearefew.答案D解析段落大意题。根据第三段第一句“Apersonofgoodcharacterandsoundmoralfiber，ofhonorandhumor，ofcourageandbeliefisafriendtobesoughtandtreasured—fortherearefew.”可知，本段主要阐述好的朋友要珍惜，因为好的朋友太少了。故选D项。23．Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingplaystheLEASTimportantroleinalonglastingfriendship?A．Hobbies. B．Tastes.C．Personality. D．Sympathy.答案A解析细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Idon’tthinkitmattersalotwhetheroneprefersjazzorhockeytoanother’sMozartorballet.”可知，作者认为爱好对友谊的影响不大。故选A项。24．Thepassagemainlytellsus“”．A．Howgoodfriendssharethesametasteandhobby?B．Whyisfriendshipessentialinone’slife?C．Whatisfriendshipandwhatmakesitlast?D．Whatonecandotokeepfriendshiplast?答案C解析主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述友谊这个永恒的主题，阐述什么人才是真正的朋友和什么友谊才是永恒的友谊以及什么可以保持友谊地久天长。故选项C正确。B“DidyouhearwhathappenedtoAdamlastFriday？”LindseywhisperstoTori.Withhereyesshining，Toribrags.“YoubetIdid.Seantoldmetwodaysago.”WhoareLindseyandToritalkingabout？Itjusthappenstobeyourstruly，AdamFreedman.Icantellyouthatwhattheyaresayingis(a)notniceand(b)noteventrue.Still，LindseyandToriaren’tverydifferentfrommoststudentshereatLintonHighSchool，includingme.Manyofourconversationsaregossip(闲话)．Ihavenoticedthreeeffectsofgossip：itcanhurtpeople，itcangivegossipersastrangekindofsatisfaction，anditcancausesocialpressuresinagroup.Animportantnegativeeffectofgossipisthatitcanhurtthepersonbeingtalkedabout.Usually，gossipspreadsinformationaboutatopic—breakups，troubleathome，evendroppingout—thatapersonwouldratherkeepsecret.Themoreembarrassingorshamefulthesecretis，thejuicierthegossipitmakes.Probablytheworsttypeofgossipistheabsolutelie.Peopleoftenthinkofgossipersasharmless，butcruelliescancausepain.Ifweknowthatgossipcanbeharmful，thenwhydosomanyofusdoit？Theanswerliesinanothereffectofgossip：thesatisfactionitgivesus.Sharingthelatestrumor(传言)canmakeapersonfeelimportantbecauseheorsheknowssomethingthatothersdon’t.Similarly，hearingthelatestrumorcanmakeapersonfeellikepartofthe“ingroup”．Inotherwords，gossipissatisfyingbecauseitgivespeopleasenseofbelongingorevensuperiority(优越感)．Gossipalsocanhaveathirdeffect：itstrengthensunwritten，unspokenrulesabouthowpeopleshouldact.ProfessorDavidWilsonexplainsthatgossipisimportantinpolicingbehaviorsinagroup.Translatedintohighschoolterms，thismeansthatifeverybodyyouhangaroundwithislaughingatwhatJohnworeorwhatJanesaid，thenyoucanbetthatwearingorsayingsomethingsimilarwillgetyouthesamekindofnegativeattention.Thedo’sanddon’tsconveyedthroughgossipwillnevershowupinanystudenthandbook.Theeffectsofgossipvarydependingonthesituation.Thenexttim