高中英语高考冲刺语法专题3形容词副词（学生版）

高中英语高考冲刺语法专题3：形容词副词【问题查找】单句语法填空Thesituationismuch_________________(serious)thanwethink.

2.Marystudiesharderthananyothergirlinherclass.Thatistosay,sheisthe__________(hard).3.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled______________(warm),andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.4.ForsomereasonhesatbesideMary.Maryfelt_______________(please),becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.5.The___________(tall)ofthetwogirlsinthephotoisme.6.Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis__________(extreme)challenging.7.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular____________(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山),more.....8.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen__________(poor)studied.9.Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusionthatpopulationsare__________(high)thantheyactuallyare.10.Heryearsofhardworkhave__________(final)beenacknowledgedafteracustomernominated(提名)hertobeCheshire’sWomanOfTheYear.11.Wearesoproudofher.It’s__________(wonder).12.Theyalsosharedwithusmany__________(tradition)storiesaboutHawaiithatwere__________(huge)popularwithtourists.13.Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears__________(long)thannonrunners.14.Atasteformeatis__________(actual)behindthechange.15.Hescreamsthe__________(loud)ofall.16.Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen__________(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.17.Itis__________(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.18.TheGPNP’smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparatepopulationsandhomesofgiantpandas,and_____________(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthewild.19.NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris____________(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleftwantingmorenexttime.二、完形填空单项节选()1.TheForbiddenCityattractsa________streamofvisitorseveryday,especiallyduringnationalholidays.A.constant B.mainC.powerful D.shallow()2.OnlyfiveyearsafterSteveJobs’death,smartphonesdefeated_________PCsinsales.controversialB.contradictoryC.confidentialD.conventional()3.Theaimofeducationistoteachyoungpeopletothinkforthemselvesandnotfollowothers_________.A.blindlyB.unwillinglyC.closelyD.carefully()4.Henrywasawayfromhomeforquietabitand_________sawhisfamily.A.frequentlyB.seldomC.alwaysD.usually【要点精讲】形容词副词学习目标：1.能正确判定形容词，掌握形容词的用法并实际运用于语法填空和完形填空中2.能正确判断副词，掌握副词的用法并实际运用于语法填空和完形填空中步骤一：形容词的基本用法功能说明例句定语名词前或不定代词后作定语①Mr.Wangisafunnyteacher.②Ihavesomethingimportanttosay.表语系动词后作表语It’sverycoldtoday.宾语补足语keep,make,leave等动词的宾语后作宾语补足语①Don’tkeepthewindowopen.②Aliceoftenmakesushappy.状语表示主语所处的状态Hewaslyinginbed,dead.【温馨提示】叙述性形容词（如ill,well,afraid,alive,alone,asleep,awake,ashamed等）一般只能用于系动词后作表语，即后面不能+名词。例如：Heisanillman.(错)Themanisill.(对)系表结构后接动词不定式结构。例如：I’msorrytohearthat.the+某些形容词相当于名词，表示一类人/物。例如：thepoor,theold,thesicktwo­year­old/200­metre­long/one­thousand­word等复合形容词中的名词要用单数，一般只用作前置定语。例如：Tomisatwo­year­oldboy.以ing和ed结尾的分词形容词辨析①以ing结尾的形容词表示主动意义，一般修饰事物或人，表示人或事物的特征或性质，“令人觉得……”如interesting,surprising,exciting,frightening,amazing,worrying等。②以ed结尾的形容词表示被动意义，一般修饰人，表示人(自己)感到……，常与介词in/about/at等构成短语搭配，如interested,surprised,excited,frightened,amazed,worried等。例如：①Thestoryhasasurprisingend.Everyoneissurprisedatit.②—Whyareyousointerestedinsports?—Becausetheykeepmefit.many/much/few/afew/little/alittle辨析后接可数名词复数后接不可数名词manymuchfew（否定意义）little（否定意义）afew（肯定意义）alittle（肯定意义）步骤二：副词的基本用法(1)副词在句中一般用作状语，修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，也可修饰整个句子。如：Obviouslyyouarewrong.(2)常用连接性副词的用法①though用作副词时，常在句末，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折意义。②therefore“因此，所以”，表示结果。③meanwhile“与此同时，在此期间”，表示前后分句的动作同时发生。④moreover“另外”，表示承接关系。⑤however“然而”，表示让步、转折，常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。⑥besides“另外；还有”，表示递进关系。⑦instead“相反”，表示前后分句意义相反。步骤三：形容词变副词的变化规则规则变化范围变化规则例词大部分形容词carelesscarelessly,quietquietly以le结尾的形容词terribleterribly,fortablefortably以y结尾的形容词easyeasily,angryangrily不规则变化本身既是形容词也是副词，无需改变fastfast,earlyearly,alonealonehighhigh,hardhard,widewidelatelate,farfar形容词和副词为完全不同的单词goodwell不以le结尾，需要去掉字母e的单词truetruly虽然以ly结尾，但却是形容词friendly,lively,lovely,lonely,likely有些形容词本身即为副词，同时也有加ly的副词形式。但加不加ly意思不一样，使用时需注意wide(形容词，宽阔的，睁大的)wide(副词，睁大地)，widely(广泛地)late(形容词，晚的)late(副词，晚地)，lately（最近）特别容易犯错的副词形容词副词备注hardhardhard副词容易写成hardly,hardly意思为“几乎不”，与hard无任何关系friendly无不能用friendly直接修饰动词，只能改成inafriendlyway“用一种友好的方式”。如：Hesmiledatmeinafriendlyway.步骤四：形容词副词比较级最高级的变化规则（1）形容词副词比较级和最高级的规则变化规则原级比较级最高级（1）一般单音节词和少数双音节词在词尾加er和estlongheavylongerheavierlongestheaviest（2）以“e”结尾的单音节词在词尾加r和stnicelatenicerlaternicestlatest（3）重读闭音节，词尾只有一个辅音字母，须双写最后一个辅音字母，再加er或estgladgladdergladdest（4）辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，再加er和estangryangrierangriest（5）多数双音节词和所有多音节词在前面加more和mostcarefulquicklymorecarefulmorequicklymostcarefulmostquickly形容词副词比较级和最高级的不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/wellbad/badlymany/muchlittleoldfar步骤五：形容词副词原级、比较级、最高级的句式形容词副词原级句型句型例句(1)“as+形容词/副词原级+as”，在否定句中用“notso/as...as”结构TomrunsasfastasMike.LucyisnotsotallasLily.(2)倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+asOurschoolisthreetimesasbigastheirs.（2）形容词副词比较级句型句型例句(1)双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级+than”结构ChinaislargerthanItaly.(2)用于“less+原级+than”（注意此结构不用于单音节词）Thebookislessinterestingthanthatone.(3)倍数+比较级+thanTheboxisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.(4)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”Ourcountryisbeingstrongerandstronger.(5)“the+比较级……，the+比较级……”表示“越……，就越……”Themore,thebetter.(6)the+比较级+ofthetwo+名词复数Thetallerofthetwoboysismybrother.（3）形容词副词最高级句型用法例句(1)the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句Springisthebestseasonoftheyear.(2)“oneofthe+最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”KobeisoneofthebestbasketballplayersinNBA.【温馨提示】1.形容词比较级前可用alot/far/abit/much/even/still等词来修饰，表示“……得多”，“更……”，“……一些”。very,really,so,too,rather,pretty,quite等词后只能用原级。例如：Theproblemisalotmoredifficultthanthatone.Heissocarelessthathelosesthepurse.2.形容词最高级前不用the的情况(1)形容词最高级用于同自身不同场合相比较时不带the。例如：I’mbusiestonMondays.(2)形容词最高级前有物主代词、名词所有格时，不带the。例如：Aliceistheoldman’syoungestdaughter.(3)两个或多个形容词的最高级并列使用，从第二个起，就不带the。例如：Bobistheyoungestandtallestboyinourclass.(4)形容词最高级在句中作宾语补足语时，常不带the。例如：IthinkgrammarhardestinourEnglishstudy.【查漏补缺】一、单句语法填空1.Thetitlewillbe_____________(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.2.Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork，youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识别)thoseof____________(great)andlessimportance.3.Recentstudiesshowthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks________________(regular).4.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich__________(gradual)turnedintochopsticks.5.Chinesescientists______________(recent)hadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewbornbaby.6.______________(fortunate),hearrivedattherailwaystationintime..7.Thenthedaughtermadeasuggestion:Woulditbe_____________(good)toinviteLove?Ourhomewillthenbefilledwithlove!8.Afterthechildrenleftshecriedforat___________(little)anhour.9._______________(actual)IbelievedIwouldworkforafewyears,get__________(marry),stayhomeandraiseafamily.10.Insteadhejumpedeven_________(hard)andfinallymadeit.二、完形填空单项节选题()1.Joeisproudand______,neveradmittingheiswrongandalwayslookingforsomeoneelsetoblame.A.strictB.sympatheticC.stubbornD.sensitive()2.Withonlineshoppingincreasinglypopular,theInternetisseenasa(n)wayofreachingtargetcustomers.A.temporaryB.plexC.accurateD.efficient()3.HardlyhadSabrinafinishedherwordswhenAlbertsaid______,“Don’tbesomean,”pointingafingerofwarningather.A.dreadfullyB.guiltily C.indirectly D.sharply()4.Ican’tmeetyouonSunday.I’llbeoccupied.A.also B.just C.nevertheless D.otherwise()5.I’mso_____totheteacherwhogavemelotsofhelp.available B.essentialC.qualified D.grateful()6.Weshouldn’tfeel_____ofourweightbecauseourinnerbeautyismoreimportant.guilty B.ashamedC.energeticD.distant()7.Whataterribleexperience!_______,you’resafenowthat’sthemainthing.A.Anyhow B.BesidesC.ThoughD.Somehow()8.He_____mentionsherdaughtertousasifshelovesherdaughterverymuch.A.pletely B.fortunatelyC.fluentlyD.frequently【梳理优化】A.补充、完善初步总结的解题方法。一、常考题型：1.完形填空2.语法填空二、解题技巧语法填空题中形容词副词的解题技巧1.判断所给单词是否是形容词/副词（一般是给出提示词的）；2.根据空格处前后的词性搭配和句意判断此处是否填形容词/副词；（形容词修饰名词和代词；副词修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和全句）3.判断空格处考查的是词性转换还是形容词副词的比较级最高级；4.若是考查词性转换，则根据构词法将所给词转换成形容词或副词；5.若是考查形容词副词比较级最高级，则根据比较级最高级的规则进行转换（通常有提示词如than,the,much,alittle,more等）【强化巩固】语法填空OvertheyearsI’vebeenteachingkidsaboutasimplebutpowerfulconcept—theantphilosophy,an

1________________

(amaze)fourpartphilosophy.

First,antsneverquit.Ifthey’reheadingsomewhereandyoutrytostopthem,they’llclimbover,they’llclimbunder,orthey’llclimbaround.Theyneverquit

2_____________

(look)forawaytogetwherethey3_______________(suppose)togo!Second,antsthinkaboutwinterandsummer.Theyarealwaysgatheringintheirwinterfoodinthemiddleofsummerandtheyaremaking4_______________(prepare)forthelongcoldwinter.Soyouhavetothinkaboutstormsinsummer;thinkaboutrocks

5____________

youenjoythesandandsun.Third,antsthinkaboutsummerallwinter.Duringthewinter,theyremind6_____________,“Thiswon’tlastlongandwe’llsoonbeoutofhere.”On

7_______

firstwarmday,theantsareout.Ifit

8_____________(turn)coldagain,they’lldivebackdown.Buttheyeoutagainifitiswarm.Last,howmuchwillanantgatherduringthesummertoprepareforthewinter?Allthatit9_______________(possible)can.10___________youcanlearnfromtheantphilosophyis:Nevergiveup,lookahead,staypositiveanddoallyoucan.【课后练习】一、单句语法填空Shewasavery_____________(care)mother.Thatyoungmanishonest,cooperative,alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.Inshort,he’s_______________(rely).IhavealwaysenjoyedalltheeventsyouorganizedandIhopetoattend__________(many)intheingyears.Listeningisthusanactive,nota(passively),behaviorconsistingofhearing,understandingandremembering.LittleTomsat(amaze)watchingthemonkeydancinginfrontofhim.6.Eventhoughtheconferencehallisnearhisapartment,hehastohurryalittleifhewantstobe(punctually).7.Mostofus,ifweknowevenalittleaboutwhereourfoodesfrom,understandthateverybiteputintoourmouthswas(former)alive.8.Thegirlusedtobeshy,butis(gradual)gettingactiveingroupworkandismorewillingtoexpressherself.9.Theygavemoneytotheoldpeople’shomeeither(personal)orthroughtheirpanies.10.Twohours______________(late)myfriendphonedmefromthehouse.11.He_______________(frequent)mentionsherdaughtertousasifshelovesherdaughterverymuch.12.TheChangjiangRiveristhethird

(long)intheworld.13.ItisreportedthattheUnitedStatesuses

twiceas

(many)energyasthewholeofEurope.14.Thelittleboygavemea________________(surprise)answerafterIaskedhimthequestion.二、完形填空单项节选题1.Whatwasso______aboutJasmineWestland’svictorywasthatshecamefirstinthemarathonbarefooted.A.awful B.essential C.impressive D.obvious2.Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase,shegavehima______smileandlethimgo.A.cautious B.grateful C.tolerant D.wild3.HardlyhadSabrinafinishedherwordswhenAlbertsaid______,“Don’tbesomean,”pointingafingerofwarningather.A.dreadfully B.guiltily C.indirectly D.sharply4.Thanksforyourdirectionstothehouse;wewouldn’thavefoundit______.A.nowhere.B.howeverC.otherwiseD.instead5.Theoldteacher,whoisalmostsixty,isalways_____andthatistosay,heworksalwaysinhighspirits.A.patientB.relaxedC.intelligentD.energetic6.Hobbiescanhelpaperson’s___________andphysicalhealth.A.mentalB.optionalC.repetitiveD.conservative7.Youngparentsareadvisedtochoosenaturalfood________freeofchemicalsfortheirchildrentomakesureoftheirhealth.A.rarelyB.occasionally.C.absolutelyD.mostly8.Brianhasbeenstudyingreallyhardallthetime;_________hehasgotanAineachofhissubjects.A.insteadB.anyhowC.thus D.rather9.Atfirsttheinstituterefusedtopurchasetheexperimentinstrument,butthisdecisionwas______changed.A.occasionallyB.consequentlyC.backwards D.afterwards三、语法填空Ilovemymother1___________(good).Sheisaverageinheight.Shehaslongsilkyhair,andshealwayscarriesabroadsmilewithher.Iamalways2____________(thank)tomymother.Inthemiddleofherbusyscheduleatwork,mymothermakessurethatourhouse3______________(organize)wellatalltimes.Likeabusybee,shepreparesourmeals,washesourclothes,andmanagesallotherhouseworkinperfectorder.4_________mymotherisverybusywithherwork,shesqueezesherprecioustimetohelpmewithmyschoolworkandattendoutdooractivitieswithme.Webothenjoythetime5_______wesharemyhappinessandsorrow.Lastweekend,Ijoinedmymotherandherfriendsonabeach.Besides6____________(admire)theamazingseasnails,fishandcatfish,wetookpartinan7______________(interest)activityontheisland—bicycleride.Werentedbicyclesandenjoyedtherideupanddownthehill.Bythetimewereachedthetopofthehill,Iwas8_________________(extreme)tired.Iwasdeeplytouchedthatexhaustedasmymotherwas,shehelpedmecontrolmybicycle9_________(steady)tomakesureIgotdownthehillsafely.Mother’sDayisjustroundthecorner.Iwillmakemymother10_________card.ItishightimethatIshowedmythanksandlovetomywonderfulmother.四、阅读理解Today'sworldisnotaneasyadjustmentforyoungadults.Keyskillsetforsuccessispersistence(毅力),acharacteristicthatresearcherssayisheavilyinfluencedbyfathers.ResearchersfromBrighamYoungUniversitydiscoveredthatfathersareinauniquepositiontohelptheiradolescentchildrenlearnpersistence.BYUprofessorsLauraPadillaWalkerandRandalDayarrivedatthesefindingsafterfollowing325Americanfamiliesoverseveralyears.Andovertime，thepersistencegainedthroughfathersledtohigherachievementinschool."Therearerelativelyfewstudiesthatstresstheuniqueroleoffathers，"PadillaWalkersaid."Thisresearchalsohelpstoprovethatcharacteristicssuchaspersistencewhichcanbetaughtarekeytoachild'slifesuccess.”Researchersdeterminedthatdadsneedtopracticean"authoritative"parentingstyle.Authoritativeparentingisnotauthoritarian:rigid，demandingorcontrolling.Rather，anauthoritativeparentingstyleincludessomeofthefollowingcharacteristics:childrenfeelwarmthandlovefromtheirfather；responsibilityandthereasonsbehindrulesarestressedchildrenaregivenanappropriatelevelofautonomy(自主权).Inthestudy，about52percentofthedadsexhibitedaboveaveragelevelsofauthoritativeparenting.Akeyfindingisthatovertime，childrenraisedbyanauthoritativefatherweresignificantlymorelikelytodeveloppersistence，whichleadstobetteroutesinschool.Thisparticularstudyexamined11to14yearoldslivingintwoparenthomes.Yettheresearcherssuggestthatsingleparentsstillmayplayaroleinteachingthebenefitsofpersistence，whichisanavenueoffutureresearch.1.WhatisspecialabouttheBYUprofessors'study?A.Itcenteredonfathers'roleinparenting. B.Itwasbasedonanumberoflargefamilies.C.Itanalyzeddifferentkindsofparentingstyles. D.Itaimedtoimprovekids'achievementinschool.2.Whatwouldanauthoritativefatherdowhenraisinghischildren?A.Ignoretheirdemands. B.Makedecisionsforthem.C.Controltheirbehaviors. D.Explaintherulestothem.3.Whichgroupcanbeafocusoffuturestudiesaccordingtotheresearchers?A.Singleparents. B.Childrenagedfrom11to14.C.Authoritarianfathers. D.Mothersintwoparenthomes.4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ThreeCharacteristicsofAuthorit