宾语从句(同名16869)

PAGEPAGE5宾语从句(要决：语序正常，时态一致)一、明确三种类型

宾语从句根据其引导词的不同可分为三种类型：

1.由连词that引导的宾语从句，如：Hesaid(that)itwasSundayyesterday.

2.由连词if/whether引导的宾语从句，如：Couldyoutellmeif/whethertherewillbeatestnextweek?

3.由which,when等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句，如：Idon’tknowhowIcangetthere.

二、理顺转换步骤把两个单句组成含有宾语从句的复合句时，合并变化应遵循以下四大要素：确定引导词（连接词）根据从句的句子类型选择正确的引导词。若从句为陈述句，则引导词为that(that在口语中常省略)；若从句是一般疑问句、选择疑问句或反意疑问句，则引导词为if或whether；若从句是特殊疑问句，则引导词由疑问词转化而来的疑问代词/副词。

2.调整语序宾语从句永远是陈述句语序。若原句是疑问句式，则应将它调整为陈述句语序。(追踪练习)1)Ishegoingtotheshop?

Iwanttoknow.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)

2)Whendoeshegetup?

Doyouknow?

(改为含宾语从句的复合句)

3.变换时态A.若主句谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句可根据实际情况选用所需要的任何时态。

1)Hesays(that)hewillfinishtheworktomorrow.

2)Ithink(that)theyhavealreadygonetoBeijing.

B.若主句谓语动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句动词的时态用过去时的某种形式(时态变化规律：一般现在时→一般过去时，现在进行时→过去进行时，一般将来时→过去将来时，一般过去时→过去完成时，现在完成时→过去完成时，过去完成时→过去完成时。)(追踪练习)1)“AreyouleavingforShanghaisoon?”Sheaskedhim.2)“Whatdidyoudolastnight?”IaskedMary.

4.变化人称(要诀为：一从主，二从宾，三不变)宾语从句的句子的主语如果是第一人称，则随主句的主语变（主句主语是第几人称，则宾语从句的主语变为第几人称）；如果是第二人称，则随主句的宾语变（主句宾语是第几人称，则宾语从句的主语变为第几人称）；如果是第三人称，则不要变（宾语从句的主语仍用第三人称）。(追踪练习)1)ShallIgothere?Heaskedme.

(改为含宾语从句的复合句)

2)Willyougothere?Heaskedme.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)

3)Willshegotheretoo?Heaskedme.(改为含宾语从句的复合句)

三、加强三点注意

1.时态不变当宾语从句的内容是客观事实或科学真理等时，不论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时态。(追踪练习)“Theearthgoesaroundthesun.”

Theteachersaidtothestudents.

(改为宾语从句)“Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.”Myfathertoldme.(改为宾语从句)

2.“两副面孔”if和when等既能引导宾语从句，又能引导状语从句。若引导的是宾语从句，它们的时态常用一般将来时；若引导的是状语从句，它们的时态常用一般现在时(主将从现)。(追踪练习)

1)Idon’tknowif/whenhe_____________tomorrow.(come)(__________从句)

2)If/Whenhe______________,he’lltellyouaboutit.(come)(__________从句)

3.从句的简化当主句谓语动词为hope,wish,decide,choose,agree等，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构,如decidetodosth.。

B.当主句谓语动词为hear,see,watch等感官动词时，从句常简化为如seesb.dosth./doingsth.

C.在连接代/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语相一致时，宾语从句可简化为“wh-+todosth.”结构。

(追踪练习)1)HeagreedthathecouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.2)Iheardthatsomechildrenweresingingsomesongs.16.IfeltreallysorryforwhatI______________.(do)17.Hetoldmethathe_____________________snakesbefore.(nevereat)18.Thesalesmanaskedmewhathe_______________forme.(cando)19.Iaskedhimifheusually_________morningexercises.(do)20.Hesaidhe_________________today,butwehaven’tseenhimyet.(come)二．单项选择：1.Iheardyourbrother_____________toEngland.A.goesB.hadgoneC.togoD.go2.Hesaidhe_________athomeifit__________.A.wouldstay,rainsB.willstay,rainsC.wouldstay,rainedD.stayed,rained3.A:“Canyoutellmethewaytothehospital?”B:Whatdidheask?C:Heaskedme___________thewaytothehospital.A.ifIcantellhimB.whethercouldItellhimC.ifIcouldtellhimD.ifItellhim4.Hetoldmehe__________careofmypetdogwhileIwasaway.A.willtakeB.wouldtakeC.takesD.hastaken5.Wewonder______________.A,whenwillshecomebackB.whenshecomesbackC.whenshewillcomebackD.whendidshecomeback6.Shesaidtomethatthey__________uswiththeworkthenextmorning.A.willhelpB.helpsC.ishelpingD.wouldhelp7.Heaskedmewhat__________Englishfor.A.doIstudyB.didIstudyC.IstudiedD.Iamstudying8.Shetoldmethatshe__________herhomeworkthedaybefore.A.finishesB.finishedC.hasfinishedD.hadfinished9.Theteachertoldus___________lateforschool.