2023届山东省菏泽市高三二模英语 含解析

全市高三第二次模拟测试

英语试题

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需

改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上在本

试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A,B,C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

CashCompositionContest

InsupportofFinancialLiteracyMonth（April）,MichiganStateUniversityExtensionand4-H,ayouth

organization,arecoordinating（协调）theCashCompositionContest.YouthsresidinginMichiganareencouraged

toanswerthisyear'sessayquestionwithanessayof300wordsorless.The5top-scoringessayswilleachwina

$100giftcardthankstothegeneroussponsorshipbyExtraCreditUnion.

Timeline

April30,2023:Essaysubmissiondueby11:59pm

May31,2023:Winnersnotified

CashCompositionTopic

Whatisthedifferencebetweenaneedandawant?Discusshowyoudetermineifsomethingisaneedora

want.Howcanyoumakesureyouhaveenoughmoneytogetyourneedsandstillenjoysomeofyourwants?Share

howneedsandwantsmightchangethroughoutone'slife.

GradingStandards

•QualityofWriting

•OrganizationandInformation

•Grammar

Guidelines

Participantsmust:

•Between9-12yearsofageasofJanuary1,2023livinginthestateofMichigan.

•Haveknowledgeofmoneymanagementsuchassaving,spending,borrowing,andplanningappropriatefor

ageandgradelevel.

Requirements

•Youthsmusthaveparentalorguardianpermissiontoapplyandparticipate.

•Theapplicationformmustbecompletedbyaparent/guardian.

•Youthsmustwriteanessay（300wordsorless）ontheassignedtopicabove.

•Essaysmustbesubmittedonthecontestregistrationpage.

•Theessaymustbetheworkofthestudentsubmittingit.Itishighlyrecommendedthatyouthswritetheir

essaypriortocompletingtheregistration/submissionform.

I.Whowillsponsorthecontestprizes?

A.MichiganStateUniversity.B.ExtraCreditUnion.

C.Alocalyouthorganization.D.ThestateofMichigan.

2.Whatwillbefocusedonintheentry?

A.Thechangesthroughoutone'slife.

B.Thewaystoimprovequalityofwriting.

C.Theneedforcharitymanagement.

D.Thediscussionsonneedsandwants.

3.Whichwillresultindisqualificationforanapplicant?

A.SubmittingtheessayonApril29.B.Writinganessayof300words.

C.Fillingtheapplicationforminperson.D.Finishingtheessaybeforeregistration.

【答案】l.B2.D3.C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了写作比赛的相关事宜。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据首段末句"The5top-scoringessayswilleachwina$100giftcardthankstothegenerous

sponsorshipbyExtraCreditUnion.（由于ExtraCreditUnion的慷慨赞助，得分最高的5篇文章将每人赢得

100美元的礼品卡。）”可知,本次比赛的奖品将由ExtraCreditUnion赞助。故选B。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段末句"Sharehowneedsandwantsmightchangethroughoutone'slife.（分享在一个

人的一生中需求和欲望是如何变化的。）”可知，关于需求和欲望的讨论将是参赛作品的重点。故选D。

3题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第四段"Theapplicationformmustbecompletedbyaparent/guardian.（申请表格必须

由家长/监护人填写。）”可知，申请人如亲自填写申请表格，将被取消资格。故选C。

B

Atahotel,surroundedbyteammates,hegottheemail.utDearSpencerHeslop.,,itread,“youhavebeeninvited

toparticipateintheSelectionCampfortheUSMen'sNationalTeamfor2022.^^

TherecentgraduatefromUniversityofMichiganSchoolofPublicHealth,dreamedoftheopportunitytoplay

fbrtheUnitedStatessincehewassevenyearsold.Afterhedevelopedadiseasethatoftenresultsindamagetothe

spinalcord（脊髓）andnerves,Heslop'sparentspushedhimtotrywheelchairbasketball.

Byhighschool,Heslopplayedwheelchairbasketballonacompetitivebasketballteam.Theexperienceopened

hiseyestotheworldofadaptivesports,whichbecamehisfavorite.Whilehewasneverthebiggestorstrongest

player,Heslophadafeelforthegameandadesiretotakeitfurther.Facedwithmanychallenges,heworked

tirelesslytodevelopchairskillsandconditioningthatmadehimmoreexplosive.

“AsIappliedtograduateschool,IknewIwouldplaywhereverIwasplanningtogo,“Heslopsaid."University

ofMichiganwasnearthetopofmylistacademically.Ialsoheardthattheyweretryingtogetanadaptivesports

programgoing,andthathelpedmemakemychoice.^^UniversityofMichiganAdaptiveSportsandFitnesswas

formedin2018toaddresstheinequitableaccesstophysicalactivityopportunities,competitiveandrecreational,for

studentswithdisabilitiesatUniversityofMichigan.

SinceHeslopjoinedtheprogramin2020,UniversityofMichigan'swheelchairbasketballteambecamepart

oftheNWBA'sDivisionII.Afterleadingtheteamtoan8th-placefinishattheNWBANationalsinApril2022,

HeslopparticipatedintheUSMen'sNationalTeamSelectionCampwherehefoughtagainst30ofthenationto

athletesandmadethefinaltwelve-manroster.Thisgavetherecentlygraduatedyoungmanabettershotathis

ultimategoal:playingforhiscountryintheParalympicGames.

4.WhathelpedHeslopdevelophispassionforadaptivesports?

A.Theunexpecteddiseaseatseven.

B.Theemailhereceivedatahotel.

C.TheUniversityofMichiganhedreamedof.

D.Theexperienceinawheelchairbasketballteam.

5.WhydidHeslopchooseUniversityofMichigan?

A.Heacceptedalargesumofscholarship.

B.Hecouldjoinhisfavoritesportsprogram.

C.Hewaspromisedachancetoplayforthecountry.

D.HewasinvitedtosetupAdaptiveSportsandFitness.

6.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthelastparagraph?

A.Heslop'sachievements.B.Heslop'sultimategoal.

C.Heslop'ssuperiorleadership.D.Heslop'sbrightfuture.

7.WhichcanbestdescribeHeslop?

A.Generous.B.Reliable.C.Creative.D.Determined.

【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述SpencerHeslop患上一种经常导致脊髓和神经损伤的疾病后打轮椅

篮球，在2022年4月带领球队在NWBA全国比赛中获得第八名后，他参加了美国男子国家队选拔营，

在那里他与30名全国运动员进行了竞争，并进入了最后的12人名单。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段的"Byhighschool,Heslopplayedwheelchairbasketballonacompetitivebasketball

team.Theexperienceopenedhiseyestotheworldofadaptivesports,whichbecamehisfavorite.（高中时，

Heslop在一个竞技篮球队打轮椅篮球。这次经历让他看到了适应性运动的世界，这成为了他的最爱。）”

可知，让Heslop对适应性运动产生了热情的是在轮椅篮球队的经历。故选D。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段的“UniversityofMichiganwasnearthetopofmylistacademically.Ialsoheardthat

theyweretryingtogetanadaptivesportsprogramgoing,andthathelpedmemakemychoice.（密歇根大学在我

的学术名单上名列前茅。我还听说他们正在努力开展适应性体育项目，这帮助我做出了选择。）”可知，

Heslop选择密歇根大学是因为他可以参加他最喜欢的体育项目。故选B。

【6题详解】

主旨大意题。根据最后一段的"Afterleadingtheteamtoan8th-placefinishattheNWBANationalsinApril

2022,HeslopparticipatedintheUSMen'sNationalTeamSelectionCampwherehefoughtagainst30ofthe

nationtoathletesandmadethefinaltwelve-manroster.（在2022年4月带领球队在NWBA全国比赛中获得第

八名后，Heslop参加了美国男子国家队选拔营，在那里他与30名全国运动员进行了竞争，并进入了最后

的12人名单。）”可知，最后一段主要讨论了Heslop所取得的成就。故选A。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段的"Facedwithmanychallenges,heworkedtirelesslytodevelopchairskillsand

conditioningthatmadehimmoreexplosive.（面对许多挑战，他孜孜不倦地学习椅子技巧和调节，使他更具

爆发力。）”可知，Heslop是有决心的，故选D。

C

Whenyou'rebored,youmightstartplayingwithaballorotherobjects.Suchbehavioriscommoninpeople.

Otheranimalslikeittoo-that'swhyadogfetchesastick,oracatbatsattoys.Playisanenjoyablewaytopassthe

time.Anewstudyfindsthatit'snotjustmammalsthatliketoplay.Bumblebees（大黄蜂）doittoo,makingthem

thefirstinsectsknowntoplay.

Inthestudy,HiruniSamadiGalpayageDona,aninsectexpert,didanexperimentusing200untrained

bumblebeestoseeiftheymightplay.Ofthose,45wouldbemarkedwithanumberwhentheyemergedasadults.

Apathwaywassetupfromthebumblebees9nesttoafeedingarea.Onesidecontainedsmallwoodenballsthat

rolled.Theothersidehadthesamenumberofballs,buttheywerestuck,tothefloor.Halfballsoneachsidewere

coloredballs.Therestwereleftunpainted.

Forthreehoursadayover18days,GalpayageDonafoundbumblebeesweren'tsointerestedinthesidewhere

theballsdidn'tmove,buttheyexploredthesideareasandinteractedwiththeballs.Oncetheymanagedtorolla

ball,theystronglypreferredthatside.Theyreturned,climbingontheballsandrollingthemaround.Shealsofound

bumblebeespreferredcertaincolorsofballs.

“There'ssomethingaboutthemobilitythatismoreinterestingforthebumblebeesthanjustcoloredobjects,“

GalpayageDonasays.Inanotherexperiment,shesometimeslefttheballsoutovernight."WhenIcameinthenext

day,Iwouldalwaysfindsomebumblebeesrollingtheballs.^^Aswithmammals,thebumblebeeswhoplayedthe

mostweretheyoungerones.Theirplaytaoeredoffastheygotolder.

Thescientistssayit'snotclearwhythebumblebeesrolltheballsorwhethertheyenjoyit.Buttheexperiment

raisesimportantquestionsabouthowtheinsects'mindsworkandwhethertheyhavefeelings.

8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?

A.Bydescribingthefunofplay.B.Byanalyzingreasonsforboredom.

C.Byintroducingsimilarphenomena.D.Bypresentinganimals'cuteimages.

9.Whatdidtheresearcherdointheexperiment?

A.Shetrainedbumblebeestoplayballs.

B.Sheputsmallballsalongthepathway.

C.Shesetupapathwayinbumblebees?nest.

D.Sherewardedthebumblebeeswithrolledballs.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“taperedoff'probablymeaninparagraph5?

A.Mattered.B.Helped.C.Decreased.D.Emerged.

11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.BumblebeesPreferShapetoColor

B.BallsAreBumblebees,FavoriteToys

C.PlayingwithObjectsIsAnimals5SecondNature

D.BumblebeesAretheFirstInsectsKnowntoPlay

【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，这使

它们成为已知的喜欢玩耍的第一种昆虫。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第——段"Whenyou'rebored,youmightstartplayingwithaballorotherobjects.Such

behavioriscommoninpeople.Otheranimalslikeittoo-that'swhyadogfetchesastick,oracatbatsattoys.

Playisanenjoyablewaytopassthetime.Anewstudyfindsthatit,snotjustmammalsthatliketoplay.

Bumblebees（大黄蜂）doittoo,makingthemthefirstinsectsknowntoplay.（当你感到无聊时，你可能会开始

玩球或其他物体。这种行为在人群中很常见。其他动物也喜欢它——这就是为什么狗会捡到一根棍子，

或者猫会向玩具发起攻击。玩耍是消磨时间的一种令人愉快的方式。一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的不

仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，使它们成为已知的第一种昆虫）”可知，作者介绍了人类和一些动物

是相似的，都会通过玩耍来消磨时间，以此来引起文章主题——大黄蜂也这样做。由此推知，作者通过

介绍相似现象来引起文章主题。故选C。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中"Apathwaywassetupfromthebumblebees'nesttoafeedingarea.Oneside

containedsmallwoodenballsthatrolled』一条小路从大黄蜂的巢穴通往一个进食区。一边是滚动的小木

球）”可知，在实验中，研究者她把小球放在小路上。故选B。

【10题详解】

词句猜测题。根据划线词上文"Aswithmammals,thebumblebeeswhoplayedthemostweretheyounger

ones.（和哺乳动物一样，大黄蜂玩得最多的是年轻的）”和划线词所在句子“Theirplavtaperedoffasthey

gotolder.（随着年龄的增长，它们的玩耍逐渐taperedoff）”可知，和哺乳动物一样，大黄蜂玩得最多的是

年轻的，这说明那些岁数大的黄蜂玩得较少。由此推知，随着年龄的增长，大黄蜂的玩得次数减少。由

此推知,划线短语“taperedoff”意为“减少”，与C项“Decreased.（减少）”意思一样。故选C。

[11题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中"Anewstudyfindsthatit'snotjustmammalsthatliketoplay.

Bumblebees（大黄蜂）doittoo,makingthemthefirstinsectsknowntoplay.（一项新的研究发现，喜欢玩耍的

不仅仅是哺乳动物。大黄蜂也这样做，使它们成为已知的第一种昆虫）”可知，文章主要讲了实验表明，

大黄蜂是已知的喜欢玩耍的第一种昆虫。由此可知，D项“大黄蜂是已知的玩耍的第一种昆虫”适合做

文章标题。故选D。

D

TheUNthisweeklaunchedareporturgingcompaniestostopissuingfalsenet-zerotargetsthatamountto

greenwashing.

Greenwashingisatermusedtodescribesituationswherecompaniesmisleadconsumersbyclaimingtobeeco-

friendlyorsustainableasamarketingplanratherthanasacoreprincipleoftheirbusinessmodel.Often,these

industriesspendmoremoneymakingthemselvesappearsustainablethantheydotakingactualsustainablemeasures

intotheircompany.

Cities,financialinstitutions,andscoresofcompanieshaveannouncedplanstoreducetheiremissionstozero,

which,inprinciple,shouldhelpthefightagainstclimatechange.

“Theproblemisthatthecriteriaforthesenet-zerocommitmentshavevaryinglevelsofprecisionandloopholes

（漏洞）JsaidUNSecretary-GeneralAntonioGuterresduringthelaunchofthereport.

Manynet-zeroplanscontainfar-awayoruncleartargetsandoftencallfortheuseofunprovedtechnologies

likecarboncaptureandtreeplanting,whicheffectivelyallowcompaniestocontinuepollutingtheatmosphere.

Studiesshowthatmostofthesenet-zeroplanswilldolittletostoptemperaturesfromrising.Forexample,manyoil

majorshaveannouncedplanstoreduceemissionsfromtheiroperationstozeroby2050thatdonottakeintoaccount

thecarbonemittedbythefossilfuelstheysell,whichwouldallowthemtoincreaseproduction.Farfromdecreasing,

fossilfuelproductionisgoingstrong.

Toclosethesenet-zeroloopholes,theUNthisweekreleasedareportthatincludes10recommendationsto

ensurethatcompanies,cities,regions,andothernon-stateactorsissuecredibleandaccountablenetzero

commitments.uTheirplanscannotrelyoncheapcarboncreditsinsteadofimmediatelycuttingtheirownemissions,9,

Guterressaid.

Financialinstitutionsneedtocutdownemissionsfromalltheirinvestmentsandbusinessesneedtobringdown

thecarbonfootprintoftheirsupplychain,thereportsaid.Thereport'sleadauthor,CatherineMcKenna,urged

companiestoreleasenewnet-zerotargetswithinayear.Theupdatedtargetsmustcontainconcreteactionabledetails.

12.Whatdoes“greenwashing“referto?

A.Agreentechnology.B.Amisleadingstatement.

C.Abusinessmodel.D.Aspendingtarget.

13.Whydoestheauthormentiontheoilmajors?

A.Toproveoilmajorsarereallyresponsible.

B.Tosetsomegoodexamplesforothercompanies.

C.Toshowsomenet-zerocommitmentsmakenosense.

D.Toindicatethebenefitofnetzeroplanstoclimatechange.

14.HowdoesGuterresfeelabouttheissuednet-zeroplans?

A.Dissatisfied.B.Guilty.C.Shocked.D.Confused.

15.Whatisadvisedtodotofixnet-zeroloopholes?

A.Plantmoretrees.B.Sharemoresupplychains.

C.Dependoncheapcarboncredits.D.Makeconcreteactionabletargets.

【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了联合国本周发布了一份报告，敦促企业停止发布相当于“洗

绿”的虚假净零目标。

【12题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Greenwashingisatermusedtodescribesituationswherecompaniesmislead

consumersbyclaimingtobeeco-friendlyorsustainableasamarketingplanratherthanasacoreprincipleoftheir

businessmodel.（“绿色清洗”是一个术语，用来描述这样一种情况：企业声称自己是环保型或可持续型的

营销计划，而不是其商业模式的核心原则，从而误导消费者）”可推知，“洗绿”指的是一种误导性的说

法。故选B。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段第一句话"Manynet-zeroplanscontainfar-awayoruncleartargetsandoftencallfor

theuseofunprovedtechnologieslikecarboncaptureandtreeplanting,whicheffectivelyallowcompaniesto

continuepollutingtheatmosphere（许多净零排放计划包含遥远或不明确的目标，往往要求使用未经证实的

技术，如碳捕获和植树，这实际上允许企业继续污染大气）”可知，一些净零承诺包含遥远或不明确的目

标，往往要求使用未经证实的技术，这会允许企业继续污染大气。由此推知，一些净零承诺是没有意义

的。接着文章列举石油巨头的例子"Forexample,manyoilmajorshaveannouncedplanstoreduceemissions

fromtheiroperationstozeroby2050thatdonottakeintoaccountthecarbonemittedbythefossilfuelstheysell,

whichwouldallowthemtoincreaseproduction.Farfromdecreasing,fossilfuelproductionisgoingstrong.（例

如，许多石油巨头宣布了到2050年将其业务排放量减至零的计划，这些计划没有考虑到它们销售的化石

燃料所排放的碳，这将使它们能够增加产量。化石燃料产量非但没有下降，反而增长强劲）”来说明一些

净零承诺是没有意义的。故选C。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段中''"Theproblemisthatthecriteriaforthesenet-zerocommitmentshavevarying

levelsofprecisionandloopholes（漏洞）,“saidUNSecretary-GeneralAntonioGuterresduringthelaunchofthe

report」“问题在于，这些净零排放承诺的标准有不同程度的精确性和漏洞，”联合国秘书长Antonio

Guterres在报告发布时说）”可推知，Guterres对净零计划是不满意的。故选A。

【15题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Thereport'sleadauthor,CatherineMcKenna,urgedcompaniestoreleasenew

net-zerotargetswithinayear.Theupdatedtargetsmustcontainconcreteactionabledetails.（该报告的主要作者

CatherineMcKenna敦促企业在一年内公布新的净零排放目标。更新后的目标必须包含具体的可操作细

节）”可知，建议制定具体可行的目标来弥补净零漏洞，故选D。

第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Learninghowtocareforasadpersonwillhelpyoubethereforyourlovedonesandfriendswhentheyare

down.However,knowinghowtocareforasadpersonisnotsomethinganindividualisbornwith.16

Hereareafewtipsthatwilleventuallyhelpyouliftthespiritofasadperson.

Giveahug.Huggingsomeoneshowsyouraffectionandcare.17Thiscanmakethemfeelrelaxed

andopentoyou.Thiscanalsohelpthemrecognizethatyouaretheretohelpthemgothroughthismoment.With

nokindandlovingwords,youractionshavealreadysaidalot.

18Now,goonandsaysomekindwords.Wordslike'Tmhere”,“weareinthistogether”,"you'll

getoverthis","leanonme“andsoon,canhelpasadpersonfeelbetterandknowthatyou'retheretotake

him/herthroughthesadmoment.

Usetherighttoneofvoice.19Theygoalongwithtonetoconveyameaningtothelistener.To

conveyyourwordswithfaiththatwouldcreateapositiveeffectonthesadperson,youwouldneedtosayitwith

therighttoneofvoice.

Listenpatiently.Peopleasklotsofquestionsbuttheyenduppayinglittleattentiontogettingthefeedback

（反馈）thattheywanted.Don'tbethatperson.Afteraskingthequestions,listenpatientlytoknowwhatthesad

personwouldappreciateatthattime.20

A.Saykindlovingwords.

B.Makeuseofpoliteexpressions.

C.Thenchoosetoappreciateotherstoo.

D.Rememberthatwordsdonotstandalone.

E.Itwillhelpyouknowhowtoofferthebestfittinghelp.

F.Thisknowledgeisgainedthroughresearchandpractice.

G.Whenyoudothistosomeone,theycanfeelyourwarmth.

【答案】16.F17.G18.A19.D20.E

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何照顾一个伤心的人。

【【6题详解】

根据上文4,Learninghowtocareforasadpersonwillhelpyoubethereforyourlovedonesandfriendswhen

theyaredown.However,knowinghowtocareforasadpersonisnotsomethinganindividualisbornwith.（学习

如何关心一个伤心人会帮助你在你爱的人和朋友倒下的时候陪在他们身边。然而，知道如何照顾一个

伤心的人并不是一个人与生俱来的）”可知，上文提到“知道如何照顾一个伤心的人并不是一个人与生俱

来的”，说明需要通过研究和实践获得，F选项Thisknowledge对应上文knowinghowtocareforasad

persono故F选项“这些知识是通过研究和实践获得的"符合语境，故选F。

【17题详解】

根据上文"Giveahug.Huggingsomeoneshowsyouraffectionandcare.（给一个拥抱。拥抱某人表示你的爱

和关心）“以及后文"Thiscanmakethemfeelrelaxedandopentoyou.（这会让他们感到放松，对你敞开心

扉）”可知，拥抱某人表示你的爱和关心，所以当你对别人这样做时，他们能感受到你的温暖。故G选项

“当你对别人这样做时，他们能感受到你的温暖”承接上文，指出拥抱某人的好处，符合语境，故选

G«

【18题详解】

根据后文"Now,goonandsaysomekindwords.Wordslike"I'mhere","weareinthistogether","you'llget

overthis","leanonme“andsoon,canhelpasadpersonfeelbetterandknowthatyou,retheretotakehim/her

throughthesadmoment.（现在，继续说几句好话吧。像“我在这里”、“我们在一起”、“你会挺过来

的”、“依靠我”之类的话，可以帮助悲伤的人感觉好一点，让他们知道你会陪着他/她度过悲伤的时

刻）”可知，本段主要关于对别人说一些暖心的话语，故A选项“说些亲切的爱的话”符合语境，故选

Ao

【19题详解】

根据上文“Usetherighttoneofvoice.（使用正确的语气）”以及后文"Theygoalongwithtonetoconveya

meaningtothelistener^它们配合语气向听者传达意思）”可知，后文提到言语配合语气向听者传达意思，

说明不是孤立的，D选项words对应后文they。故D选项“记住，言语不是孤立的”符合语境，故选

D»

【20题详解】

根据上文“Afteraskingthequestions,listenpatientlytoknowwhatthesadpersonwouldappreciateatthat

time.（问完问题后，耐心地听，知道那个悲伤的人当时会感激什么）”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接

上文说明倾听的作用：帮助你知道如何提供最合适的帮助，故E选项"它将帮助你知道如何提供最合适

的帮助”符合语境，故选E。

第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

HurricaneIanhitFloridaandbroughtwithitflooding,windsandarecordhighstorm.

Karenis84yearsoldandreliesonawheelchairto21becausesheismissingaleg.HersonJohnny

tried22togethertoleave,butsherefusedagainandagain—she23theintensityofthestorm.

Johnnylivesfourblocksaway.WhenKarenreportedthewaterinherhousehadreachedherwaist,heknew

hehadtotake24.

First,Johnny25hiskidsweretakencareof.Hegavethemfoodandopenedtheattic（阁楼）sothat

theycould26throughtheroofifwatercontinuedtorise.Then,hejumpedoutofawindowandbeganto

27.

Johnnywasracingagainsttheclock.Heknewheonlyhada（n）28periodoftimetogettherebefore

thewaterroseaboveKaren's29.Ittookhim40minutestoswimfourblocks.ThesoundofKarenyelling

was30tohisears!Shewasstillalive!

EveryoneinJohnny'sfamilyisnow3jalthoughthey'velosteverythingtheyowned.Butthey're

32justtobehere.

“Ididn9tlose33.Lifeislikeacomputer,there9retwo34:aresetandapower—and

weareblessedthatitwasjustaresetbutton,notthepower,thatgot35Jhesaid.

21.A.getaroundB.helpoutC.situpD.workout

22.A.simplyB.repeatedlyC.obviouslyD.particularly

23.A.calculatedB.identifiedC.experiencedD.underestimated

24.A.careB.placeC.actionD.charge

25.A.provedB.ensuredC.noticedD.admitted

26.A.expandB.assistC.escapeD.dominate

27.A.runB.rideC.driveD.swim

28.A.shortB.efficientC.idealD.indefinite

29.A.waistB.anklesC.headD.knees

30.A.harmB.musicC.adviceD.news

31.A.responsibleB.remarkableC.innocentD.safe

32.A.gratefulB.sureC.concernedD.surprised

33.A.memoryB.hopeC.sightD.weight

34.A.screensB.keyboardsC.buttonsD.monitors

35.A.preparedB.separatedC.injuredD.hit

【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.B26.C27.D28.A29.C30.B31.

D32.A33.B34.C35.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了强烈的暴风雨发生时，Johnny游了四个街区，去救自己因缺少

一条腿而坐轮椅的母亲。虽然这场暴风雨让他们失去了家里所有的东西，但幸运的是，一家人都安全地活

下来，这是很重要的。

[21题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意:Karen今年84岁，因缺了一条腿，她需要依靠轮椅行走。A.getaround到

处走走;B.helpout帮忙...摆脱困难；C.situp端坐;D.workout解决出。由下文“becausesheis

missingaleg.”可知，Karen缺了一条腿，所以她需要依靠轮椅到处行走，故选A。

【22题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：她的儿子Johnny再三试图让她离开家里，但她一次又一次地拒绝一一她低估

了暴风雨的强度。A.simply简单地；B.repeatedly重复地；再三地;C.obviously显然地;D.particularly

尤其；特别。由下文"butsherefusedagainandagain”可知，她儿子让她离开家里，但是她一遍又一遍拒

绝儿子的要求，由此可知，她的儿子再三试图让她离开，故选B。

[23题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的儿子Johnny再三试图让她离开，但她一次又一次地拒绝一一她低估了暴

风雨的强度。A.calculated计算；B.identified辨认；C.experienced经历；D.underestimated低估。由第一

段uHurricaneIanhitFloridaandbroughtwithitflooding,windsandarecordhighstorm.（飓风伊恩袭击了佛罗

里达州，带来了洪水、狂风和创纪录的暴风雨。）"和下文"WhenKarenreportedthewaterinherhousehad

reachedherwaist（当Karen说她家的水已经到了她的腰部时）”和上文提到儿子让她离开可知，暴风雨强度

很大，儿子劝她离开家里，但是她拒绝儿子的要求，由此可知，她低估了暴风雨的强度，故选D。

【24题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Karen说她家的水已经到了她的腰部时，他知道他必须采取行动了。A.care

关心；B.place地方；C.action行动；D.charge费用。由上文“WhenKarenreportedthewaterinherhouse

hadreachedherwaist,heknewhehadtotaken可知，在听到母亲说家里的水已经到了她的腰部时，Johnny

意识到自己必须采取去救自己的母亲，故选C。

[25题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：首先，Johnny确保他的孩子得到照顾。A.proved证明；B.ensured确保；C.

noticed注意；D.admitted承认。由下文“Hegavethemfood”和文章提到他听到母亲说他家里的水已经到

腰部可知，Johnny要去帮助母亲，所以他给了孩子们食物，以确保孩子们能够被照顾好，故选B。

[26题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他给他们食物，打开阁楼，这样如果水位继续上升的时候，他们就可以从屋

顶逃走。A.expand扩大:B.assist帮助;C.escape逃脱；D.dominate统治。由下文“ifwatercontinuedto

rise.^^可知，如果水位上升，孩子们可以通过阁楼走到屋顶，然后逃出去，故选C。

[27题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他跳出窗户开始游泳。A.run跑步；B.ride骑行；C.drive开车；D.

swim游泳。由下文**Ittookhim40minutestoswimfourblocks.n和文章介绍暴风雨很大可知,Johnny是

泳到母亲家的，故选D。

【28题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他知道在海水淹过Karen头之前，他只有很短的时间到达那里。A.short

短的；B.efficient有效率的；C.ideal理想的；D.indefinite无限期的。由下文“beforethewaterroseabove

Karen's”和上文提到Karen坐在轮椅上，且暴风雨很大可知，水很快就会淹没Karen,所以说他只有很短

的时间游到母亲家里，故选A。

【29题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道在海水淹过Karen的头之前，他只有很短的时间到达那里。A.waist腰

部；B.ankles脚踝；C.head头；D.knees膝盖。由上文“beforethewaterroseaboveKaren's”可知，暴风

雨很大，所以水很快就会没过Karen的头，将她淹没，故选C。

【30题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句