2024年牛津译林版中考英语专题复习之介词

中考专题复习之介词一、at（1）表示点时间1)点时间atsixo’clock，2）三餐atbreakfast,atlunch,atsupper,atlunchtime3)表时刻的固定搭配atnoon，atnight，atmidnight,atthattime,atthemoment,atpresent…4)在…岁时attheageof…,atten5)不含day的节日atHalloween,atChristmas,atMidautumnfestival,atSpringFestival,atDragonboatFestival6)其他atfirst,atlast,atonce,atthebeginningof…,attheendof…,atweekends=attheweekend…，attimes=sometimes=fromtimetotime（2）表示点地点attheendoftheroad,attheschoolgate,atthesecondcrossing,atthebusstopatschool,athome,attheairport,atthedoctor’s(3)指比率，价格，速度等attherateof…,atthepriceof…,atthespeedof…二、on（1）表时间1)星期前onMonday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday/Friday/Saturday/Sunday2)日期前onJune1st3）含day的节日onNewYear’sDay，onNationalDay,onTeachers’Day,onMayDay,onMother’sDay,onFather’sDay,onChildren’sDay,4)在我生日那天onmybirthdayonmytwentiethbirthday5)具体到某天的上午下午和晚上onMondayafternoon，onacoldwintermorning,ontheeveningofOctober31st6)其他ontime，onweekdays(2)表示方位，在接触的面上、边上、线上在墙上onthewall在…的另一边ontheothersideof在左边ontheleft在火车上onthetrain在去…的路上onthewayto…（长）在树上onthetree(3)含有on的词组：carryondoing,keepondoing,goondoing,putonacoat,beondutydependonspend…on…haveabadeffectonareportonanimalsinsistondoingturnonTV三、in(1)表时间1）早，中，晚inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening2)在白天inthedaytime3)半小时之内（后）inhalfanhour4)月份前inJanuary/February/March/April/May/June/July/August/September/October/November/December5)在年份前in1999，inthe1990s,6)季节前inSpring,inSummer,inAutumn,inWinter7)世纪前inthe21stcentury8)其他inaminute，intime，intheend，inahurry，inancienttimes(在古代)，inthefuture(2)表方位，在…里面：intheclassroom,inthebox(3)表大地点：inJiangsu,inChina,intheUSA(4)表方式：sayitinEnglish,inthisway,indifferentways,beinred,inink,writealetterinpen/withapen(5)固定词组：inneedof…,dowellin,beinterestedin,handin(handout),dressupin,infact,indanger,introuble,infear,inhungerhavefun(in)doinghavetrouble(in)doing,haveproblems(in)doing,havedifficulty(in)doingsucceedindoingbesuccessfulindoinghavesuccessindoingbeexperiencedindoinghaveexperienceindoing四、表时间的介词（1）表示时间的长度，选用for10个小时fortenhours好几天forafewdays一会儿foramoment永远forever（2）表示从过去某一时刻到现在，选用since以来since7o’clock自从上星期一以来sincelastMonday自从1998年以来since1998.自我出生以来sinceIwasborn（3）表示在某个时间以后，选用afterafter8o’clock,afterbreakfast,afterschool,afterawhile,thedayaftertomorrow（4）表示时间的开始，应选用from表示时间的终结，应选用tofromMondaytoFriday,fromsixtoeight,fromthenon（5）表示早于，在……之前，应选用before晚饭前beforesupper上课前beforeclass前天thedaybeforeyesterday（6）表示不迟于某时，选用by:bythen,bytheendoflastterm（7）当…的时候whendoingsth(8)直到till,until五、表示方位的介词：(1)在上面，且两者相互接触，用on（2）在下面，且两者相互接触，用beneath（3）在正上方，用over（4）在正下方，用under（5）在斜上方，用above（6）在斜下方，用below（7）在对面，用opposite（8）在…附近，用near(9)在旁边，用beside,nextto（10）在外面前面，用infrontof在里面的前面，用inthefrontof…(11)在后面，用behind（12）表示两者之间，用between表示三个或三个以上用among在这两个城市之间betweenthetwocities在学校和商店之间betweentheschoolandtheshop在树丛中amongthetrees(13)在左边，在右边，用ontheleft,ontheright(14)在中间，用inthemiddleof,inthecentreof(15)在里面，在外面，用inside,outside六、表示移动方向的介词（1）向上或下移动，用up或down（2）横穿，用across（3）从某个空间穿过，用through（4）从旁边经过，用past（5）从上方越过，用over（6）绕某物转圈，用around（7）沿着，用along(8)进入或出来，用into或outof(9)朝某个方向去，用to,towards(10)到某物表面，用onto七、表示方式的介词：(1)in：sayitinEnglish,inthisway,indifferentways,beinred,inink(2)on:ontheradio,ontheInternet,onTV,ontheplane(3)with:openthedoorwiththekey,withmyowneyes,buysthwithmoney(4)by:byairbyphonebyoneselfbydoingsth八、表示所属。someofthem,afriendofmyfather’s,hundredsofstudents,thekeytothedoor,theanswertothequestion,九、表示条件。Withyourhelp,Iwillwin.Youcan’tgotoschoolwithoutbreakfast.十、表示根据。eg:Thisstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage.十一、表示赞成或反对。eg:Weareallfor/againstyou.十二、表示关于、对于、除去等。It’sgoodforyourhealth.atalkaboutBritishhistory.EveryoneexceptJimishere.IBesidesreading,IlovewatchingTV.与某人谈话talktosb对老师说起来totheteachers令人吃惊toone’ssurprise十三、辨析(1)infrontof在外面的前面(2)inthetree停在树上的鸟，爬在树上人inthefrontof在里面的前面onthetree长在树上果实，花(3)inthecorner在角落里(4)lookgoodonsb穿在某人身上看起来好看atthecorner在拐弯处lookgoodinred穿红色的衣服看起来好看(5)intheeastofChina在中国的东部（内）ontheeastofChina在中国的东部（接壤处）totheeastofChina在中国的东部（外）(6)by1)乘坐交通工具bybike=onabike2)动作的执行者“由，被”bysb,byoneself3)通过做某事的方式bydoingsth4)截止到…时bythetime,by20005)在…旁边bythesea,bytheriver,bythewindow(7)through1)从空间穿过walkthroughthedoorwalkthroughtheforestrunthroughthetunnelshinethroughthewindowpulloneselfslowlythroughthedarknesswalkthroughthefloodwater2)从头到尾sleepthroughthewholewinterlookthroughthequestionsquickly(8)over1)在…的正上方overmyhead2)越过jumpoverthechair3)多于overtwenty=morethantwenty4)结束gameover,Classisover.(9)above\below1）在…的上方/下方Theshelfisabovethebed.2）楼层的上与下twofloorsaboveMarry,twofloorsbelowMarry3）温度的上与下stayabove0,dropbelow0(10)except除…之外NobodyexceptJohnknowsthecitywell.besides除…之外（还…）Besidesreading,IlovewatchingTV.exceptfor除…之外，常对某种基本情况进行具体的，细节方面的修正，其后所接的词同句子的主语不是同类的，表示从整体中除去一个细节一个方面。Yourpositionisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.AllofthemhavebeentotheGreatWallexceptme.（不包括我）AllofthemhavebeentotheGreatWallbesidesme.（包括我）(11)turnon打开(12)putonacoat穿衣turnoff关闭putoffthemeeting推迟turnup调高音量putoutthefire扑灭火turndown调低音量putawaytoys收起turnleft/right向左转/向右转putupapicture粘贴/putupatent搭起turnback向后转putdown放下turnaround转一圈(13)putoutthefire扑灭火（14）lookup向上看/查阅takeout取出takeup占据giveoutleafl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