铁人中学2023级高一下学期开学考试英语试题

铁人中学2023级高一下学期开学考试英语试题试题说明：1、本试题满分150分，答题时间120分钟。2、请将答案填写在答题卡上，考试结束后只交答题卡。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C1.Whowenttotheparty?A.John. B.Jenny. C.Jonas.2.Whenwillthemagicshowprobablystart?A.At6:00. B.At6:10. C.At6:20.3.Whydoesthewomanrefusetheman'sinvitation?A.She'sonlyinterestedinmoderncities.B.Shepreferstoexplorethenature.C.She'llvisittheGrandCanyonwithafriend.4.Howdoesthemansound?A.Impatient. B.Mad. C.Surprised.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Somepictures. B.Theman'sfamily. C.AtriptoJapan.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouttheshoesthewomanshowsfirst?A.Thestyle. B.Thecolor. C.Thedesigner.7.Howmuchwillthemanpay?A.180yuan. B.720yuan. C.360yuan.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates. B.Husbandandwife. C.Colleagues.9.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inasupermarket. C.Athome.10.WhatdoesSimoninviteKatetodonextSaturday?A.Trythespecialbreadwithmilk.B.BringJamestohisplace.C.Haveachatoveracupofcoffee.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.WhydidNinathrowsnowatAlex?A.Alexknockeddownhersnowman.B.Alexhopedtohaveasnowballfight.C.Ninaonlywantedtoplaywithsnow.12.WhatwillNinaprobablydonext?A.Gotothebathroom. B.ApologizetoAlex. C.Takeagoodrest.13.WhatwasBettyinvitedtodo?A.Seeafilm. B.GoaroundNina'shome. C.PayavisittoAlex.听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Applyingtocollege.B.Conductinganinterview.C.Introducinghimself.15.Whichlanguageisthewomanstudyingatnight?A.French. B.Spanish. C.Italian.16.Whatisthewoman'sshortinginheropinion?A.Inexperience. B.Shyness. C.Overconfidence.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthetalkaimedat?A.Children. B.Teenagers C.Adults.18.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheprograms?A.Theyoffercoursesforbeginnersonly.B.Theyprovideflexiblelanguagelessons.C.Theygiveonlinelearningmaterialsforfree.19.Whatkindofteachersareavailable?A.Nativespeakers B.Qualifiedprofessors. C.Experiencedtravelers.20.What'sthepurposeofthetalk?A.Toteachmunicationskills.B.Topromotecourses.C.Todiscussaprogram.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABooksmakegreatgifts,butwhichonestopick?We’veroundedupsomeof2023’smosttalkedaboutreads.THECOVENANTOFWATERByAbrahamVerghesePublish:2023.5$9.24Anyonewholovesanextremelyreadablenovelthatwilllastthroughtheholidayswillenjoyit.Thisbook,whichhasmorethan700pages,coversthehistoryofafamilylivingatthesoutherntipofIndia.MUCHADOABOUTNADAByUzmaJalaluddinPublish:2023.6$11.5Theauthorreimaginesclassicromances—PrideandPrejudice.You’veGotMail—withmodernsettings.ItisahumorousretellingofJaneAusten’sPersuasionthat’saswarmandcozyasacupoftea.ThemaincharacterNadahasadifficultcareerandaheartfullofregretforherlostlove—whojusthappenstoreenterherlifeasthenovelbegins.KING:ALIFEByJonathanEigPublish:2023,5$16.99Thisbiography(传记)isaboutMarinLutherKing.It’sadetaileddescriptionofhisweaknessandstrength,heroismandimportantroleinthehistoryofAmericancivilrights—asubjectthat’sasimportanttodayasitwasinKing’sera.REALLYGOOD.ACTUALLYByMonicaHeiseyPublish:2023.1$18.99MonicaHeiseyisoneofthefunniestCanadiansmostpeoplehaveeverheardof.It’saedywithenoughjokestopopulateaNetflixstandupspecial.Ifyou’veeverfeltlostandhopedthatitisleadingtowardswisdom,thenitisyournovel.21.Whichbookisthemostexpensive?A.KING:ALIFE. B.MUCHADOABOUTNADA.C.THECOVENANTOFWATER. D.REALLYGOOD.ACTUALLY.22.WhowroteabookaboutanAmericanfamousperson?A.JonathanEig. B.MonicaHeisey.C.AbrahamVerghese. D.UzmaJalaluddin.23.WhatdoMUCHADOABOUTNADAandREALLYGOOD.ACTUALLYhaveinmon?A.Theytellmanylovestories. B.Theyareabouthumanrights.C.Theybringlaughterforreaders. D.Theyareadaptedfromclassics.BWhenIwasachild,Ialwayswantedtobeasuperhero.Iwantedtosavetheworldandmakeeveryonehappy.ButIknewthatI’dneedsuperpowerstomakemydreamsetrue.SoIusedtoembarkontheseimaginaryjourneystofindintergalactic(星系之间的)objectsfromplanetKrypton,butdidn’tyieldmuchresult.WhenIgrewupandrealizedthatsciencefictionwasnotagoodsourceforsuperpowers,Idecidedinsteadtoembarkonajourneyofrealscience,tofindamoreusefultruth.IstartedmyjourneyinCalifornia,withaUCBerkeley30yearlongitudinalstudythatexaminedthephotosofstudentsinanoldyearbook,andtriedtomeasuretheirsuccessandwellbeingthroughouttheirlife.Bymeasuringthestudents’smiles,researcherswereabletopredicthowfulfillingandlonglastingasubject’smarriagewouldbe,howwellshewouldscoreonstandardizedtestsofwellbeing,andhowinspiringshewouldbetoothers.Anotheraha!momentcamefroma2010WayneStateUniversityspanresearchprojectthatlookedintopre1950sbaseballcardsofMajorLeagueplayers.Theresearchersfoundthatthespanofaplayer’ssmilecouldactuallyassisttopredictthespanofhislife.Playerswhodidn’tsmileintheirpictureslivedanaverageofonly72.9years,whileplayerswithbeamingsmileslivedanaverageofalmost80years.Britishresearchersfoundthatonesmilecangeneratethesamelevelofbrainstimulationasupto2,000barsofchocolate.Wait—Thesamestudyfoundthatsmilingisasstimulatingasreceivingupto£16,000incash.That’slike$25,000asmile.It’snotbad.Andthinkaboutitthisway:25,000times400—childrensmileasmanyas400timesperday—quiteafewkidsouttherefeellikeMarkZuckerbergeveryday.Sowheneveryouwanttotapintoasuperpowerthatwillhelpyouandeveryonearoundyoulivealonger,healthier,happierlife,smile.Whydidtheauthorshifttopursuingscientificresearch?A.Becausehediscoveredgalacticobjectsduringchildhood.B.Becauseherealizedscificouldn’tbringsuperpowers.C.Becausehedreamedofglobalhappinesssinceyouth.D.Becauseheembarkedonthesefictionaljourneys.25.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph4?A.Everychildsmiles400timesperday.B.KidswhosmileareasrichasZukerberg.C.Smilingisequaltoeating2,000barsofchocolate.D.Smilingcangainstimulationalikereceivingcash.26.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheeffectofsmilesonpeople?A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Neutral. D.Indifferent.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thejourneytofindthetruth. B.Thehiddenpowerofsmiling.C.Thesecrettoalongandhealthylife. D.Thesignificanceofsuperherostudies.CPeoplewhohavetroublewalkingormovingaroundoftenhaveahardtimeenjoyingthebeach.ButhundredsofbeachesinGreecenowofferanewwayforpeopleinwheelchairstogetintothewaterbythemselves.It’scalledSeatrac.Seatracisbasicallyachaironamovingramp(活动梯)thatcansmoothlycarryadisabledpersonintothesea.Onceinthesea,thepersoncaneitherremaininthechair,enjoyingthewater,orgoforaswim.Thechairisoperatedbyremotecontrol.Whenthepersonisreadytogetoutofthewater,theSeatracsystembringsthechairbacktothetopoftheramp.It’sevenpossibletotakeashowerintheSeatracchairaftergoingforaswim.SeatracwasinventedanddevelopedinGreece.Theideaforitcamewhenoneoftheinventors,IgnatiosFotiou,wastalkingwithafriendwhousedawheelchair.Thefriendsaidheenjoyedthesea,butdidn’tlikehavingtobecarriedintotheoceanasifhewerea“sackofpotatoes”.Mr.Fotiourealizedthattheremustbeawaytomakeiteasierforwheelchairuserstoenjoythewater.HeworkedwithhispartnerandaprofessorataGreekuniversitytodesignthesystem.Intime,theyformedapanycalledTOBEAtobuildandsellthesystems.Thepanyworkedhardtomakethesystemsimpletoputinplaceandeasytorun.AwoodenwalkwayallowswheelchairuserstoreachtheSeatrac.Thesystemissolarpoweredandcancontinuetoruneveniftheelectricitygoesout.TheScatracsystemcaneasilybepackedupandstoredwhenswimmingseasonends.Thissummer,theSeatracsystemisbeingusedatover220beachesinGreece,Cyprus,Italy,andLatvia.ThankstoSeatrac,peoplewhousewheelchairsnowhavethechancetocooldownwithadipinthesea.28.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeScatrac?A.Practicalanduserfriendly. B.Automaticandlifesaving.C.Flexibleandenergyefficient. D.Stylishandsmoothrunning.29.WhydidMr.FotioudesignSeatrac?A.Hedesiredtomakeaprofitfromit.B.Helongedtoformawheelchairpany.C.Hewantedtohelphisfriendhavefuninthesea.D.Hehopedtosavehisfriendfromothers’ridiculing.30.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.TheadvantagesoftheSeatracsystem. B.ThesuccessoftheTOBEApany.C.TheeffortsoftheTOBEApany. D.TheapplicationoftheSeatracsystem.31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toencouragecarefordisabledpeople.B.ToexplaintheprincipleoftheSeatracsystem.C.Toprovidestrategiesforbuildingawheelchair.D.Tointroduceanewinventionforwheelchairusers.DCanyouimaginegettingatoothpulledoutorothermajordentalprocedureswithoutpainkiller?Ascientistcolleagueofmineuseda“focusin”techniqueinsteadofrequestingpainkilleratthedentist.Eachtimethedentisttouchedthetooth,mycolleaguefeltbubblesofjoy,andthislasteduntilthedentistinterruptedbyasking,“Whyareyousmiling?”Afairquestionatthispointiswhyanyonewouldwanttobefullyawareofintenseorpainfulprocedures.Butwhatmaysoundlikeapunishingchoice—todirectlyfacehurtorsuffering—mayinsomeinstancesbebeneficial.Astreamofscientificarticlessuggeststhattherearebenefitsinturningtowarddisfortornegativeemotionswithacceptance.Inaddition,allofuscangainfromfindingwaystocopewithstressandsuffering—particularlywhenlargercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.Asaresearcherwhohasstudiedmeditation(冥想)formorethan20years,Ibelievethatthedevelopmentofcalmness,acentralelementofcertainmindfulnessmeditationpractices,canhelp.I’mnotadvocatingforpeopletoputthemselvesindangerousorpainfulpositions.Butwhenwepushourselvesintochallengingorconfusingsituations,muchliketrainerswhopushathletesjustpasttheirfortzonetomakegains,learningoftenhappens.Indeed,a2022studywithmorethan2,000peopledemonstratedthatthoseparticipantswhowerepubliclyencouragedtopushthemselvesintoawkward,unfortablesituations—includingtakingclassestoboostselfconfidenceandreadingaboutopposingviewpoints—laterreportedthegreatestdegreeofpersonalgrowth.Myownresearchindicatesthatmeditationprovidesanidealwaytopracticeturningtowarddisfort—particularlywhenittrainsupone’scalmmind.Peoplewhoreportedhigherlevelsofcalmnessreportedlesspsychologicaldistress(困扰).Rightnowpeoplearehurtingformanyreasonsandlookingforwaystocope.Withoutquestion,therearemanyimportantstepsweneedtotakecollectivelytorespondtothesechallenges.Butwecaneachbuildourabilitytorecoveronapersonallevelaswellbycultivatinggreateracceptanceofourexperience—goodorbad,painfulorpleasant—inthepresentmoment.32.TheauthorusesthefirstquestioninParagraph1to________.A.introducethetopic. B.illustrateanargument.C.highlightanopinion. D.promoteapainkiller.33.Whatisthebenefitofturningtowardsdisfortandnegativeemotions?A.Ithelpsinavoidingsufferingfully. B.Itincreasespsychologicaldistress.C.Itleadstopersonalgrowth. D.Itpromotesasenseofcalmness.34.Whatistheauthor’sviewonputtingoneselfindangerousorpainfulpositions?A.Theauthorencouragesitasawaytoimprovefitness.B.Theauthordiscouragesitduetoitspotentialharm.C.Theauthorbelievesitisnecessaryforpersonalgrowth.D.Theauthorremendsittothoseconfusedtrainers.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TurningTowardsDisfort:MyExperienceofStayingStressfulandSuccessfulB.ExpandingfortZones:TheDifferenceBetweenDisfortandCalmnessC.MindfulnessandMeditation:TheToolsforDealingwithStressandSufferingD.CultivatingCalmness:TheBenefitsofMindfulnessinEnjoyingDentalOperation第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SoothetheSundayscariesMostofuslookforwardtotheweekendasatimetorelax,connectwithfriendsandfamily,anddealwithtasksfromatodolistthatgetsneglectedduringtheworkweek.Butastheweekendestoanend,manyaremissingoutonSundayFundayandinsteadexperiencinganoverwhelmingsenseofanxietyandevendreadabouttheupingweek.___36___Somepeopledescribeitasaheavinesstheycanfeelintheirbody,whileothersfeelsounsettledthattheycouldjumpoutoftheirskin.EventhoughtheSundayscariesaremon,theyaremanageable.Here’showexpertssayyoucaneaseyourendofweekendanxiety.StructureyourSunday.___37___Youmightstillgothroughthatsenseofdread,butthatfeelingishardertoholdontowhenyou’reengaginginsomethingthatmakesyoufeelgood.Don’tforgettorelax.Ifyou’refeelingmorestress,it’simportanttomakespaceforrelaxingactivitiestogroundyourself.Maybeamidafternoonshowerorbath,maybeanengagingmovieorshow,whateverfeelslikeahelpfuldistractiontoregroundfromthescaries.Identifyyouranxietysources.Trytofigureoutwhat’sreallycausingyoutodreadtheweek.___38___Evenifthere’snotasinglereasonbehindyourSundayanxiety,organizingthestressintosmallpartscanhelpmakeitallmoremanageable.___39___GettingridoftheSundayscariesisn’tjustaboutminimizingthegloomoftheweekahead.Havesomethingtolookforwardto.Thisgivesyoutheopportunitytoshiftyourthoughtstofunandwillhelpimproveyourmood.EndyourSundaywiththerightenergy.Sundaynightisaproperwinddowntime.Maybeyouwanttojournal,doafacemask,readafewpagesofagoodbook.DoyourbesttohonorthistimeandmakeSundaynightallaboutyou.___40___A.Isitadeadline,meetingorpresentation?B.Createsomeexcitementfortheweekahead.C.ExpertshavereferredtothisworryasSundayscaries.D.Sundayscariesefromtirednessafterareallybusyweekend.E.Thenyoufeelempoweredandconfidentthatyou’llbereadyforthenextday.F.Insteadofsittingonthecouchandwatchingtheclock,gotodosomethingthatyouenjoy.G.Anxietyisanaturalresponsethathappensinpreparationforanythingthatcausespainordisfort.第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从短文后所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。MargaretThompsonandherhusband,Kenneth,stretchedtheirlegstogetheronwalkingholidaysinSwitzerland.InInterlaken,theywouldheadupthemountainandwatchtheparagliders(滑翔伞运动员)___41___themselvesintothesky.Backintown,inalargepark,theywatchedthemreturntothe___42___.“SomedayI'dlovetodothat,”ThompsontoldKenneth.ButtherewasalwayssomuchtodoinInterlaken.43,Thompsondidn'tknowifKennethwouldhave44it.“HewasnotsokeenonheightsasIwas,”shesaid.Soshe45towatchthegliderstakeflightandland.Kennethdiedin2005.Elevenyearslater,Thompson46tooktotheskiesherself,inaparagliderattheageof80.Althoughsomepeoplegetscaredwhileflying,shesaidshejustfeels47.Thompsondidhersecondparaglidewhensheturned85.Thompsonaskedtheorganizersabouttheage48forparagliding.Theysaid:“Anyage,aslongasyou're49.”Thompson,now86,plansherthirdflightforwhensheis90.Thompson50livingaboveherparents'shopinBelfast.At18,shehelpedintheshopwhile51forhermusicdiplomasinStranmillis,southBelfast.Shestartedto52pianotolocalchildren,andattheheightofherteachingshegave7053aweek.Shestillhas15pupilsonherbooks.Isshescaredofgettingolder?“Fear?No.Peoplesay:‘Isn'tgettingold54?’Isay:‘No.Youarefreetodomorethingsthatyouwanttodo,'"Thompsonsaid.“Peoplemightworryaboutfalling,itbeingtheendofthem.Butthatdoesn't55meatall.Whenit'syourtime,it'syourtime.Nomatterwhereyouare,"Thompsonadded.41.A.launch B.move C.push D.pull42.A.space B.ocean C.earth D.sky43.A.Therefore B.Besides C.However D.Instead44.A.cared B.enjoyed C.remembered D.needed45.A.pretended B.determined C.continued D.tried46.A.quietly B.immediately C.patiently D.finally47.A.safe B.free C.lucky D.ready48.A.standard B.difference C.group D.limit49.A.fit B.full C.brave D.calm50.A.settleddown B.grewup C.wenton D.turnedup51.A.writing B.acting C.studying D.searching52.A.teach B.offer C.sell D.show53.A.skills B.tasks C.lessons D.performances54.A.necessary B.possible C.harmful D.awful55.A.threaten B.bother C.control D.surprise第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。A1973job____56____(apply)filledoutbyApplecofounderandformerCEOSteveJobshassoldfor$222,400atauctioninLondon(viaiMore).TherareemploymentformwentupforauctiononFeb24foraonemonthbiddingsession.Asweallexpect,mostbusinessmenarecurious____57____thelivesofthosewhohavemanagedtocreatelargepaniesandwhatarethecontentsintheform.____58____(date)backto1973,theformwasfilledoutwithahandfulofsimplephrasescontainingspellingerrors.Yetitgivesaglimpseintotheinterestsof____59____(ambition)youngJobs.Intheform,helistedhisspecialabilities____60____“electronicstechordesignengineer,”andwrote“yes”nexttoputerskills.However,the____61____(invent)oftheiPhonewrote“none”nexttothecolumn“Phone.”Today,thepanyhewasapplyingto____62____(remain)amystery.However,in1974JobsjoinedAtariasatec