状语从句课件高考英语二轮复习

状语从句一、时间状语从句1.when的用法（1）当……时候(可与持续性、短暂性动词连用,when引导的从句的动作可在主句动作之前/同时发生)Eg:WhenIlived

there,IusedtogototheseashoreonSundaysWhenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.(短暂性动词：如start/begin/decide)（2）突然,就在这时（从句均为一般过去时）was/weredoing…when…正在做某事突然hadjustdone…when…刚刚做了某事突然was/wereabouttodo…when…刚要做某事突然was/wereonthepointofdoing...when...刚要做某事突然2.while的用法（1）：在……期间、当……时候(从句必须是持续性动词，主句动作和从句动作同时发生)While+主语+bedoing:Pleasedon’ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.（2）趁着eg:Wemustworkhardtogainmoreknowledgewhileweareyoung.3.as的用法（1）当...时，常与延续性动作连用，从句动作与主句动作同时或者几乎同时发生。eg:Aslwasgoingout,itbegantorain.(2)随着Astimegoeson,it’sgettingwarmerandwarmer.4.一...就(1)assoonas(2)theinstant/themoment/theminute/thesecond(3)immediately/instantly/directly(4)on/upon+doing(5)nosooner...than;hardly/barely/scarcely...when注意：①nosooner……(过去完成时)than……(一般过去时)Hardly/scarcely/barely……(过去完成时)when……(一般过去时)②nosooner,hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首时，所在的主句倒装Hehad

nosoonerfinishedhisspeechthanthestudentsstartedcheering.→Nosoonerhadhefinishedhisspeechthanthestudentsstartedcheering.5.till,until和not...until（2）否定句not......until/tillnotuntil位于句首时句子倒装(前不倒后倒)(主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词)Eg:Thefilmdidn’tbeginuntilshearrived.Notuntilthefilmbegandidshearrive.（1）肯定句：until/till”表示“到……为止”，可以互换，

注意：till不可以置于句首，而until可以Eg:Heremainedthereuntil/tillshearrived.UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.6.before的用法（1）在..之前eg:Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.（2）句式：Itwill(not)be＋一段时间＋before...从句用现在时

(没有)过……时间才(就)……eg:ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback.Itwon’tbelongbeforewemeetagain.Itwas(not)＋时间段＋before...从句用过去时

(没有)过了……(时间)才(就)……eg:Itwasthreedaysbeforehecameback.Itwasn'ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.7.since的用法（1）自从，since后接过去的时间点或一般过去时态的从句时，句子或主句用现在完成时(现在完成进行时)。eg：Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceyouleftthiscity.Theyhavebeenlivingveryhappilyeversincetheygotmarried.（2）句式：

Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since...(从句用一般过去时)“自从…有多久”注意：since从句里的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，表示这段时间从该动作开始时算起；since从句里的谓语动词是延续性/表状态的动词时，则表示这段时间从动作结束时算起。Itisthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.（join为瞬间动词）ItisthreeyearssinceIsmoked.（smoke为延续性动词）8.bythetime的用法bythetime+sb.did,主句用过去完成时bythetime+sb.do/does,主句用将来完成时BythetimeIgraduatenextyear，I______________(live)for5years.Bythetimehewas12,he_____________(travel)tomorethan12countries.willhavelivedhadtraveled9.every/eachtime,nexttime,thefirst/lasttime等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当……，每次……，下次……，当第一次/上次……”等Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpmeout.ThelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.二、地点状语从句

通常由where,wherever引导①WeshouldgowherethePartyneedsusmost.我们应到党最需要我们的地方去。②Youarefreetogowhereveryoulike.你愿意去哪里就去哪里。1.Whenhereadsabook,hishabitistomakeamark____________themeaningisuncleartohim.2.Ifyouaretravelling___________thecustomsaretotallydifferentfromyourown,youmayfeelaculturalshockwhereverwhere三、条件状语从句（主将从现）if如果unless=ifnot除非...否则，如果不incase以防，万一once一旦as/solongas只要onconditionthat条件是providing/provided(that)如果supposing/suppose(that)假如giventhat如果，假定，鉴于onlyif/ifonly只有...才；只要...就/要是...就好了四、让步状语从句1.although/though/as/while(一般放于句首)注意：虽然可以与yet,still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。（1）让步状语从句中倒装的情况as或though引导的从句一般放在主句之前，常用倒装语序。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。Childas/thoughheis,hecantellthenamesofallthecars.Muchas/thoughIlikeit,Iwon'tbuyit,forit'stooexpensive.Tryas/thoughyoumay,you’llneversucceed.（2）though还可用作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。Hesaidhewouldcome；hedidn't，though.（2）eventhough/if:即使、尽管(语气较强)Eg:EventhoughIhavemanydelicatefeelingstoshare,whocanIspeakto?（3）wh-ever(=nomatter+wh-疑问词)无论Eg:Whateveryousay,hewon’tbelieveyou.=Nomatterwhatyousay,hewon’tbelieveyou.（4）however+adj./adv.+主谓Eg:Howevermuchworkyouhavetodo=Nomatterhowmuchworkyouhavetodo.注意：疑问词＋­ever还可引导名词性从句(5)whether...or无论A还是BWhetheryoustayorleave,Iwillgo.五、原因状语从句1.由because引导：因为(直接原因，回答由why的提问)Eg:--Whywereyouabsentfromthemeeting?--BecauseIwasill.2.由for引导原因状语从句(不说明主句动作发生的直接原因，推测)注意：for引导的原因状语从句只能放在主句后Eg:Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadiswet.3.since/nowthat:既然、由于(公众了解的原因)Eg:Nowthat/Sinceeverybodyishere,let’sbeginourmeeting.4.由as引导原因状语从句：因为...(表示的理由最弱，只是对主句的附带说明)Eg:Asitisraining,weshallnotgotothepark.5.inthat:因为Eg:Theoryisvaluableinthatitcanprovideadirectionforpractice.6.Dueto/owingtothefactthatEg:Hewaslateforschoolduetothefactthatthetrafficwasveryheavy.六、结果状语从句结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由so,so…that,such…that;sothat等引导。注意：1、区别so...that和such...that的用法：名前such，形、副so，that从句跟在后；多多少少必用so，特别注意是little；“小”用such，“少”用soTherewassolittlefoodathomethatwehadtogoouttobuysome.Mikeissuchanhonestworkerthatweallbelievehim.→Mikeissohonestaworkerthatweallbelievehim.Hehasmadesuchrapidprogressthathewaspraisedbyhisteacherthreetimesaday.Socleverastudentwashethathewasabletoworkoutallthedifficultproblems.Suchrapidprogresshashemadethathewaspraisedbyhisteacherthreetimesaday.注意2、当so或such置于句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序1.Hisplanwas________agoodonethatweallagreedtoacceptit.2.Hespeaks_______

fastthatnoonecancatchhim.3.Theyare_______

fineteachersthatweallholdthemingreatrespect.4.ThisSwedenadmiredNapoleon______muchthathewantedtojointheFrencharmyandfightforhim.5.Therewere_______

manypeopleintheroomthatwecouldnotgetin6.Therewas______littlefoodinthefridgesoIhadtoeatout.7.Theyare_______littlekidsthattheycannotdressthemselves.8.Hemade_______fewmistakesthathiscompositiongotahighscore.suchsosuchsosososuchso七、

目的状语从句1、sothat与inorderthat为了，以便”，从句常与情态动词can,could,may,might等连用。inorderthat引导的从句可以置于主句之前或之后sothat引导的从句只能置于主句之后Eg:I’llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme=Inorderthatyoucanunderstandme,I’llspeakslowly.=I’llspeakslowlyinorderthatyoucanunderstandme.注意：sothat既可以引导结果状语从句，也可以引导目的状语从句。区别：sothat引导目的状语从句时从句中一般会有情态动词(can、could、would....)2.forfearthat唯恐Eg:Heclosedallthewindowsforfearthatthehousewasbrokeninto.3.incase以免，以备，以防Eg:Takeyourraincoatincaseitrains/shouldrain4.lest以免Eg:Becarefullestyoufallfromth