黄金卷5-2023年高考英语模拟卷（新高考II卷）（解析版）

【赢在高考・黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（新高考II卷）

黄金卷05

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需

改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的

答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出

最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段

对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是Co

1.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthenewdress?

A.Itscolorisnotherfavorite.B.Itgoeswellwithherhandbag.C.It'sabitwidearoundthewaist.

【答案】B

【原文】

M:Youlookgreatinthisnewdress.Doesitfitallright?

W:Uh,it'sabittightaroundmywaist.Iwishitcouldbeabitwider.ButIlikethecolor.It

matchesmyhandbag.

2.WhomightChristinebe?

A.Max'steacher.B.Max'ssister.C.Max'smom.

【答案】B

【原文】

M:Look,Christine!Theocean!

W:That'snottheocean,Max.Thafsalake.RememberwhenMomtoldyouaboutthedifference?

Well,anyway,you'lllearnaboutbodiesofwaterinclassthisspring.

3.Whichdoordoesthewomanwanttomakewider?

A.Theonetotheoutside.B.Theonetothediningroom.C.Theonetothefamilyroom.

【答案】c

【原文】

M:Asyoucanseefromthedrawings,thekitchenhasonedoorintothediningroom,anotherinto

thefamilyroom,andathirdtotheoutside.

W:Thedoorintothefamilyroomisn'tbigenough.Coulditbemadewider?

4.Whatdoestheboysuggestdoing?

A.Headingforthecircus.B.Playingwithsmallanimals.C.Goingtothefarm.

【答案】C

【原文】

W:Wouldyouliketogowithmetothecircus?Iwanttotrainandplaywithanimals.

M:Whythecircus?Let'sgotoafarmandbecomeacowboyandacowgirl.

W:Yeah,Ineverthoughtofthat!Cowsarecute,too!

5.WhatdidDaisydoyesterday?

A.Shebitthefence.B.Shelostatoy.C.Shedugahole.

【答案】C

【原文】

W:Dad,canyoucomeandhavealook?

M:What?

W:There'sabigholeunderthefence.Iclearlyremembertherewasn'tonethedaybefore

yesterday.Whathappened?

M:Itwasourneighbor'sdog,Daisy.Shewantedabigholetohideherfavoritetoyyesterday.

第二节（共15小题，每小题L5分，满分22・5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三

个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；

听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Friends.B.Motherandson.C.Strangers.

7.Whydidbakersputanextrapieceofbreadinabaginthepast?

A.Therewasmorespaceinthebag.

B.Theywantedtomakethecustomershappy.

C.Theywereafraidtobepunishedforgivingtoolittle.

【答案】6.A7.C

【原文】

W:Howmanyeggscomeinadozen?

M:Adozenis12.

W:Really?Ithoughtitwas13butthinkingaboutitnow,itwouldn'tmakesensefortheboxto

haveanunevennumberofspaces.

M:Thereissomethingcalledabaker?sdozen.Alongtimeago,givingasmalleramountofbread

thanapersonpaidforwasillegal.Sothenbakersbegantoputoneextrapieceintheirbagssothey

wouldnotbefined.

W:Wow!Thatisinteresting!Howdoyouknowsomuchaboutoldbakers?

M:Mygrandfatherownedabakery.Hemadebreadallthetime!Itwassodelicious.

W:Thatdoessounddelicious.Doyouknowhowtobakebread?

M:No,IwishIhadlearnedproperly.Mygrandfathertriedtoshowmeonce,butIwastooyoung

tounderstand.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whatisthefeatureofafleamarketaccordingtotheman?

A.Itdoesn'tofferrarebooks.B.Itisusuallyinagarage.C.Itsellssecond-handgoods.

9.Whatisthewoman'sattitudetowardsthefleamarket?

A.Favorable.B.Uncaring.C.Negative.

10.Whatdoesthewoman由inkoftheredhat?

A.Itisprettybutexpensive.B.Thecolorsuitstheman.C.Itsdesignisnotinteresting.

【答案】8.C9.A10.B

【原文】

M:Isthereanychangeinthemorning'sprogram?

W:NowwellgotoSmith'sgaragesale.Hehasmanybooksforsale.

M:Therearemanybooksforsaleonafleamarketinthisstreet,too.Whydon'tyougothere?W:

Whatisafleamarket?

M:Ithaslittledifferencefromtheothermarketsexceptthatthegoodstherehavebeenused

before.

W:Aretheregoodbooks?

M:Ofcourse.Iflucky,youcanfindsomeoldbutrarebooks.

W:It'sagoodplace.We'regoingtogothere.

M:Ithinkthisredhatismuchprettierthanthat,don'tyou?

W:Well,Ilikethemboth.Whydoyoulikethatredbetter?

M:Thedesignismoreinteresting,andit...itischeaper.

W:Oh,Iseewhatyoumean.And,besides,thecolorismoresuitableforyou.

M:Doyoureallythinkso?I'lltakeit,then.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutbuyingforeignbrands?

A.NothingcanbeataniPhone.

B.It'sbettertosupportlocalcompanies.

C.Foreigncompaniesmakebetterproducts.

12.Whichbranddoesthewomanlikebest?

A.Lenovo.B.Samsung.C.Apple.

13.Whatkindofjobdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Phonesalesman.B.Softwareengineer.C.Universityprofessor.

【答案】11.B12.C13.B

【原文】

M:Microsoft,Apple,Samsung...whydoyoualwaysbuytheforeignbrands?Youshouldtrythe

productsofourowncompanieshereinChina.Therearesomeverygoodphones.Forexample,I

justboughtaHuaweiphoneandIloveitmorethanmyoldiPhone.Lenovoisalsoagood

company,especiallyforcomputers.

W:Iknow.MyfatherjustgotaLenovophone.Hetellsmethesamethingyoudo,andthatI

shouldsupportourcountry'sbusinesses.ButIamaddictedtoAppleproducts.They'resoeasyto

use,andIlovethedesigns.AllmyfriendshaveiPhones,too.

M:Well,Iguessit'sdifferentforme.Fvebeentakingabasiccomputersciencecourseatthe

universitythissummer.TinlearningabouthowmuchmorecompetitiveChinahasbecomein

technologyrecently.It'sreallyexciting,andIwanttohelpusgetevenmoreahead.That'swhy

I'mgoingtostudytobeasoftwareengineer.

W:Whatwillyoudo?

M:Oh,makecomputerprogramsandapps.MayberilmakethenextgenerationofFacebook!

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Whereisthewomannow?

A.Athome.B.Attheairport.C.Intheoffice.

15.Whattimedoestheplaneleave?

A.At5:00p.m.B.At6:00p.m.C.At8:00p.m.

16.WhyisthemanflyingtoParis?

A.Tovisithisgrandpa.B.Todosomebusiness.C.Tocelebrateabirthday.

17.Whatisthewomanmainlyworriedabout?

A.Howshewillaskfbrleave.

B.Whowilltakecareoftheirson.

C.WhenshewillmeettheSwifts.

【答案】14.A15.C16.C17.B

【原文】

M:Hello,dear.TmflyingtoParisthisevening,butI'mstilltalkingwiththeboss.Wouldyou

pleasepackmythingsupandtakethemtotheairportforme?I'llmeetyouthere.

W:Whatdoyoumean?TheSwiftsarecomingtoourhouseforavisitthisweekend,andyouare

notgoingtobeathome?Andwehaveplanstogotothetheaterthisevening!

M:TelltheSwiftswehavesomethingimportanttodothisweekend,sowehavetochangeallthe

plans!Don'tforgettopackmythingsandgettotheairportby6:00.Theplanetakesoffat8:00

thisevening.Itwilltakeonehourtogettotheairportontime.

W:Whyme?Ihavetowaitathomeforourson.Hewillbegettingbackfromschoolsoon.

M:Oh,dear!IguessI'dbetterjusttellyou...nextMondayisyourbirthday,andthisismy

birthdaypresenttoyou.We'regoingtoParis!Pleasejustpackallthethingsweneedforthetrip,

OK?

W:Wow,whatasurprise!Butwhataboutourson?

M:Youdon'tneedtoworryabouthim.Tvearrangedeverything.Hisgrandpawillpickhimup

andtakecareofhim.Iaskedyourbossfortwodays5leaveforyou.We'llbebacknextTuesday.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.Whatisthespeaker\nationality?

A.American.B.Australian.C.Chinese.

19.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttogetinvolvedin?

A.Thestudents9livesoutsideclass.

B.Thestudents*socialexperience.

C.Thearrangementinclassteaching.

20.Whatinspirationdoesthespeakergetfromtheexperience?

A.MakingmoreChinesefriends.

B.UnderstandingChineseculture.

C.Doingbetterathisteaching.

【答案】18.B19.A20.C

【原文】

M:TmanAustralianteachingEnglishatapublicschoolinChina.Sometimesmycolleague

GeorgefromAmericaandIfeellikeweshouldgetinvolvedinstudents5livesoutsidetheirclassat

school.Idecidedtochallengethat.

Onceaweek,TvebeenvolunteeringfortheschooPsfootballclub.Everyonegetssomething

outofthis:Igettolearnfootball,thestudentsgettopracticetheirEnglishandinteractwitha

foreigneroutsideoftheclassroom,andinterculturalconnectionsaremade.Itonlytakesanhour

andahalfoutofmyweek,butIcanseeadifferenceinthestudentswhenIentertheclassroom.

They'regenuinelyhappytohavemethere,they'remoreinterestedinwhathappensintherestof

theworld,andthey'remakinglifelongmemorieswithme.Seeingthischangehasalsohelpedme

enjoymyjobmoreandinspiresmetobeevenbetteratwhatIdo.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37・5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

ProgramsforHighSchoolStudents

ArchitectureExplorations

Thisprogramencouragesstudentstolookcloselyattheirenvironment,beopentocreative

expression,askquestions,thinkcriticallyandunderstandindividualresponsibility.Itisa

collectionofafter-classarchitecture-basedprogramsforstudents.Ourorganizationpartnerswith

severallocalcommunities,schoolsandmuseumstoprovideasetofarchitectureeducation

programs.

Contact:JennaKappelt

Email:jkappelt@andrew.emu.edu

ArtsGreenhouse

ArtsGreenhouseisahip-hopmusiceducationprogramforteens,whichisaffiliated（附

属）withtheCarnegieMellon'sStudioforCreativeInquiry.Withthehelpofteachersandstudents,

aswellaslocalhip-hopperformers,teenswrite,composeandthenrecordsongsina

state-of-the-artrecordingstudio.Throughtheprocess,teensdevelopmusicalandverbalskills,and

formconnectionsthatopennewroutestocommunityparticipationandhighereducation.

Contact:RichardPurcell

Email:rpurcell@andrew.emu.edu

HARPLabTours

HumanandRobotPartnersLabwelcomesstudentstolearnmoreabouthowrobotscanbe

designedtoworkwellwithpeople.Thelabmayalsodemonstrateanassistiverobot,dependingon

availability.Toursarescheduledbyrequest.Thelabpersonnelcanspeaktointerestedgroupsvia

videoconferencing.

Contact:HennyAdmoni

Email:henny@LEAP

Inthisyear-roundprogram,studentslearnwithandfromlocalartistswhoareworkingto

createpositivechangesintheworld.Theyparticipateinhands-onlearningexperiencesfocusedon

personalreflectionandartisticexpression.Studentsworkindividuallyandcollectivelytodevelop

aloveoflearningandcreatingandtheconfidencetobuildabetterfuture.LEAPworkswithCity

CharterHighSchooltohelpstudentsconstructaplanfortheirlivesafterhighschool.

Contact:SarahCeurvorst

Email:sceurvorst@

21.Whoshouldthestudentsinterestedinvariousbuildingscontact?

A.SarahCeurvorst.B.JennaKappelt.C.RichardPurcell.D.HennyAdmoni.

22.WhatcanthestudentsdoduringtheArtsGreenhouseprogram?

A.Takecollegecourses.B.Setupprivatestudios.

C.Createtheirownmusic.D.Performtogetheronstage.

23.WhatisspecialaboutLEAP?

A.Itcooperateswithlocalschools.B.Itinvolveslabexperiments.

C.Ithelpsstudentsmakefutureplans.D.Itencouragesstudentstobegenerous.

【参考答案】

21.B22.C23.C

【语篇解读】

本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个适合高中生参加的项目。

【详情解析】

21.[B]细节理解题。根据ArchitectureExplorations中的“Itisacollectionofafter-class

architecture-basedprogramsforstudents.（这是一个为学生提供的课后建筑项目的集合。）“可

知，这个项目是以建筑为依托发展学生的能力的。又根据该部分“Contact:JennaK叩pelt（联

系人：JennaKappelt）”可知，对各种建筑感兴趣的学生应该联系JennaKappelt。故选B0

22.[C]细节理解题。根据ArtsGreenhouse中的“Withthehelpofteachersandstudents,as

wellaslocalhip-hopperformers,teenswrite,composeandthenrecordsongsina

state-of-the-artrecordingstudio.（在老师、学生以及当地嘻哈表演者的帮助下，青少年们在

一个最先进的录音棚里写作、谱曲并录制歌曲。户可知，参与ArtsGreenhouse这个项目的

学生可以学习制作音乐。故选C。

23.【C】细节理解题。通读全文，尤其是HARPLabTours中的“LEAPworkswithCityCharter

HighSchooltohelpstudentsconstructaplanfortheirlivesafterhighschool.（LEAP与城市特

许高中合作，帮助学生制定高中毕业后的生活计划。户可知，LEAP的特别之处是它会帮

助学生规划未来。故选C。

B

AflightlastmonthbetweenCampinasandSaoJosedoRioPretoinsouthernBrazilbecame

thesceneofaspontaneousactofkindnessthatspreadonsocialmedianetworks.

AccordingtothewebsiteAeroinnet,apassengernamedSirlandiaDiasPereirawastraveling

withhersonCaleb,whosufferedfromheartfailureandhadaheartmurmur.Duringtheflightshe

toldthepassengernexttoher,AlexPontes,thatshewastravelingsohersoncouldbehospitalized.

Shealsoexplainedthatshewasrelyingonthecharityofothersforlivingquarters.

Thepassengertalkedtothecrewoftheairlineandaskedtousetheairplane'sloudspeaker,

invitingtheothertravelerstocontributetoaspontaneouscollectiontohelpthemotherandherson.

“Allofuswouldliketofindanangeltohelpus.Thoseofuswhofeelmovedtodoso,lefshelp

thismothertotakealittlesomethingwithher,alittlesomethingwehaveandcanshare."hesaid.

Inamatterofminutes,passengersofferedatotalworthnear$400whichgoesalotfurtherin

BrazilthanintheUSA,plusapplauseforthemother,whowasthrilledwiththehelpand

repeatedlyexpressedhergratitudetothepassengers.

Thesitethatfirstsharedthestorylaterupdatedthearticle,addingthatCalebwentthrough

surgeryandwasrecoveringwell.ThewebsiteRazoesParaAcreditarreportedthatthestorycaught

theattentionofBrazilinTVpersonalityLucianoHuck,whostartedacrowdfundingcampaignto

helpthefamily.

Thisstoryjustgoestoshowthatakindactcangoalongwaytowardsmakinganimportant

differenceinsomeone'slife.Therearepeopleinneedallaroundus.Let'snotletthesechancesto

helpotherspassusby!

24.Whywasthemothertraveling?

A-TogethersicksontreatedB.Tolookforlivingquarters

C.TochangeforabetterlifeD.Topickuphersonfromhospital

25.WhatdidAlexPontesdoforthemotherontheplane?

A.Hegaveher$400byhimselfB.Hecalledfordonationforher

C.HehelpedherfindahospitalD.Hehelpedherattendtoherson

26.WhydidLaucianoHuckdecidetohelpthemotherandherson?

A.Hewasoneofthewitnessesontheplane.B.Hewantedtomakethemwell-known.

C.Hewasinspiredbythespontaneousact.D.Hewasaskedtoofferassistancebythem.

27.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Tospeakhighlyofakindpassenger.B.Toaskustocommunicatewithothers.

C.Toshowtheimportanceoffirstaid.D.Toencourageustohelpthoseinneed.

【参考答案】

24.A25.B26.C27.D

【语篇解读】

这是一篇新闻报道。一位名叫SirlandiaDiasPereira的乘客和她的儿子Caleb一起旅行，

Caleb患有心力衰竭和心脏杂音。一位乘客得知了他们的情况，在飞机上呼吁为那位母亲捐

款。故事被发布到了网上，鼓舞了其他人进行募捐活动。

【详情解析】

24.[A]细节理解题。根据第二段中“Duringtheflightshetoldthepassengernexttoher,Alex

Pontes,thatshewastravelingsohersoncouldbehospitalized」在飞行过程中，她告诉旁边的

乘客亚历克斯•庞特斯，她旅行是为了让儿子住院）“可知，母亲旅行是为了让她生病的儿子

得到治疗。故选A。

25.[B]细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thepassengertalkedtothecrewoftheairlineandaskedto

usetheairplane'sloudspeaker,invitingtheothertravelerstocontributetoaspontaneous

collectiontohelpthemotherandherson.（这名乘客与航空公司的机组人员交谈，并要求使用

《机上.的扬声器，并邀请其他乘客自发捐款来帮助这对母子）”可知，亚历克斯・庞特斯在t

机上呼吁为那位母亲捐款。故选B。

26.[C]细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ThewebsiteRazoesParaAcreditarreportedthatthe

storycaughttheattentionofBrazilinTVpersonalityLucianoHuck,whostartedacrowd

fundingcampaigntohelpthefamily.（据巴西RazoesParaAcreditar网站报道，这个故事引起

了巴西电视名人卢西亚诺・哈克的注意，他发起了一场众筹活动来帮助这家人）”可知，哈克

决定帮助这对母子是因为他被自发的行为所鼓舞。故选C。

27.[D]推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thisstoryjustgoestoshowthatakindactcangoalong

waytowardsmakinganimportantdifferenceinsomeone'slife.Therearepeopleinneedall

aroundus.Let'snotletthesechancestohelpotherspassusby!（这个故事只是告诉我们，一个

善良的行为可以让一个人的生活发生很大的变化。我们周围有很多需要帮助的人。让我们

不要让这些帮助他人的机会从我们身边溜走！厂可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是鼓

励我们去帮助那些有需要的人。故选D。

C

Lastyear,morethan130milliontonsofsingle-useplasticswerethrownaway.Now,anew

reportfindsthatjust20companiesproducedmorethanhalfofallsingle-useplasticwaste

worldwide.

Thereport,publishedTuesdaybyAustralia'sMindoroFoundation,offersoneofthefullest

accountingofthecompaniesbehindtheproductionofsingle-useplasticsthatresearchersbelieve

couldaccountfbrasmuchas10%ofglobalgreenhouseemissionsby2050.Thestudyhasfurther

identified20companiesasthesourceof55%oftheworld'ssingle-useplasticwastein2020,

whilethetop100companiesaccountformorethan90%.

Thereportalsohasstudiedthemoneyinvested（投资）intheproductionofsingle-useplastics.

Itfindsthat20biggestinvestorsholdsharesworthcloseto$300billioninthesingle-useplastic

producers.ThetopthreeinvestorsareUS-basedVanguardGroup,BlackRockandCapitalGroup,

whichaccordingtothereporthaveanestimated$6billioninvestedintheproductionof

single-useplastics.

Sincemostplasticismadefromoilandgas,theproductionandconsumptionofplasticis

becomingasignificantdriveroftheclimatecrisis.Thereportwarnsthatinthenextfiveyears,the

globalcapacitytoproducethematerialsneededforsingle-useplasticscouldgrowbymorethan

30%.Andmuchoftheresultingsingle-useplasticwastewillendupaspollutionindeveloping

countrieswithpoorplasticwastemanagementsystems,accordingtothereport.

Solvingtheissuewillrequireseriouschangesfromproducers,investorsandbanks,the

authorswrite.Thereportsaysthatproducersofpolymers—knownasthebuildingblocksof

plastics——shouldbegindisclosingtheirsingle-useplasticwaste“fbotprint”,whilebanksand

investorsshouldentirelystoptheirfinancing,instages,thatgoestowardtheproductionof

single-useplastics.Inaddition,searchformoreenvironment-friendlymaterialsshouldbe

encouraged.

28.Howmuchsingle-useplasticwastewasproducedbythetop20companiesin2020?

A.About13milliontons.B.About65milliontons.

C.About71.5milliontons.D.About117milliontons.

29.Wherearethetopthreeinvestorsfrom?

A.China.B.TheUK.C.Australia.D.TheUS.

30.Whatdoesthefourthparagraphfocuson?

A・Thecausesoftheglobalwanning.B.Thepotentialharmfuleffectsofplastic.

C.Thematerialsusedtoproduceplastic.D.Thefastgrowthoftheplasticwaste.

31.Whichmeasureismentionedtoreducetheplasticwaste?

A.Plasticproducersshouldpayforthewaste.

B.Plasticwastecanbeexportedtopoorcountries.

C.Theproductionofsingle-useplasticsshouldbestoppednow.

D.Moreeffortsareneededtoreplaceplasticswithothermaterials.

【参考答案】

28.C29.D30.B31.D

【语篇解读】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了一次性塑料的主要生产者、投资方、环境危害并提

出了相应的处置策略。

【详情解析】

28.[C]细节理解题。根据第一段的“Lastyear,morethan130milliontonsofsingle-useplastics

werethrownaway.（去年，超过1.3亿吨一次性塑料被丢弃）”和第二段的“Thestudyhas

furtheridentified20companiesasthesourceof55%oftheworld'ssingle-useplasticwastein

2020,whilethetop100companiesaccountformorethan90%.（该研究进一步确定了20家公

司是2020年全球55%一次性塑料垃圾的来源，而排名前100的公司占90%以上）”可知，

去年超过L3亿吨一次性塑料被丢弃，而排名前20的占了55%,即约71.5（130*55%）

万吨。故选C.

29.[D]细节理解题。根据第三段的“ThetopthreeinvestorsarcUS-basedVanguardGroup,

BlackRockandCapitalGroup（排名前三的投资者是总部位于美国的VanguardGroup>Black

Rock和CapitalGro叩门可知，一次性塑料的投资者主要来自美国。故选D。

30.【B】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Sincemostplasticismadefromoilandgas,theproductionand

consumptionofplasticisbecomingasignificantdriveroftheclimatecrisis.Thereportwarns

thatinthenextfiveyears,theglobalcapacitytoproducethematerialsneededforsingle-use

plasticscouldgrowbymorethan30%.Andmuchoftheresultingsingle-useplasticwastewill

endupaspollutionindevelopingcountrieswithpoorplasticwastemanagementsystems,

accordingtothereport,（由于大多数塑料是由石油和天然气制成的，塑料的生产和消费正成

为气候危机的重要驱动因素。报告警告说，在未来五年，全球生产一次性塑料所需材料的

生产能力可能会增长30%以上。报告称，由此产生的一次性塑料废物中的大部分将在塑

料废物管理系统较差的发展中国家最终成为污染户可知，该段重在分析一次性塑料垃圾可

能对气候变化产生的影响及对环境可能带来的危害。故选Bo

31.[D]细节理解题。根据最后一段的Tnaddition,searchformoreenvironment-friendly

materialsshouldbeencouraged4此外，应鼓励寻找更环保的材料）“可知，文中提到的减少塑

料浪费的策略是加大力度寻找可替代材料。故选Do

D

Climatechangeisalreadyaffectingwateraccessforpeoplearoundtheworld,causingmore

severedroughtsandfloods.Climatechangeimpactsthewatercyclebyinfluencingwhen,where,

andhowmuchrainfalls.Italsoleadstomoresevereweathereventsovertime.Increasingglobal

temperaturescauseswatertoriseintotheairinlargeramounts,whichwillleadtohigherlevelsof

atmosphericwatervaporandmorefrequent,heavy,andintenserainsinthecomingyears.

Climatescientistspredictthatthisshiftwillleadtomorefloodssincemorewaterwillfall

thanvegetationandsoilcanabsorb.Theremainingwater,orrunoff,flowsintonearbywaterways,

pickingupcontaminantslikefertilizers（月已料）ontheway.Toomuchrunoffeventuallytravelsto

largerbodiesofwaterlikelakes,andtheocean,damagingthewatersupplyandlimitingwater

accessforhumansandecosystems.

Whenfertilizersfromfarmingwashintolakesandtheocean,theypromotetherapidgrowth

ofalgae（藻类）.Theseresultingalgalbloomsfillcoastsandwaterwayswithcloudsofgreen,

blue-green,red,orbrownalgae.Theyblocksunlightfromreachingunderwaterlifeandreduce

oxygenlevelswithinthewater.Poisonsfromthealgaecankillofffishandotheraquaticanimals,

makepeoplesick,andevenkillhumans.Thesepoisonsareespeciallydangerousbecausetheycan

surviverainfallprocesses,makingtapwaterunfittoconsumeoncecontaminated.Algalblooms

alsoimpactindustriesthatrelyonthewaterforbusiness,andoftencauselocalwaterfrontstoshut

downduringblooms.

Therearemanythingsthateveryonecandotolessentheimpactofclimatechange.Some

measuresincludegrowingyourownfruitsandvegetablesorbuyinglocallygrownproduce,since

produceisoftentransportedtogrocerystoresfromfarawaybytrucks,whichaddmorecarbon

dioxidetotheatmosphere.Youcouldalsowalkorrideabikeinsteadofdrivingacar.

32.Whatisaconsequenceofclimatechangeaccordingtoparagraph1?

A.Extremeweather.B.Watersupply.C.Watercycle.D.Pollutedatmosphere.

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contaminants“inparagraph2mean?

A.Nutrients.B.Soils.C.Pollutants.D.Organisms.

34.Whatdoestheauthortellustodointhelastparagraph?

A.Mastersomewaystodofarmingwork.B.Buymoreforeignfruitsandvegetables.

C.Havearegularexerciselikewalking.D.Formsomehabitsofreducingcarbondioxide.

35.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?

A.CausesofClimateChange.

B.HarmClimateChangeDoestoHumans.

C.ImpactsofClimateChangeonWaterAccess.

D.WaystoLessentheImpactsofClimateChange.

【参考答案】

32.A33.C34.D35.C

【语篇解读】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述气候变化已经影响到全世界人民的用水，造成了更严重

的干旱和洪水。而我们每个人都可以做很多事情来减轻气候变化的影响。

【详情解析】

32.【A】细节理解题。由文章第一段“Climatechangeisalreadyaffectingwateraccessforpeople

aroundtheworld,causingmoreseveredroughtsandfloods.Climatechangeimpactsthewater

cyclebyinfluencingwhen,where,andhowmuchrainfalls.Italsoleadstomoresevereweather

eventsovertime.（气候变化已经影响到全世界人民的用水，造成了更严重的干旱和洪水。

气候变化通过影响降雨的时间、地点和数量来影响水循环。随着时间的推移，这也会导致

更严重的天气事件。户可知，气候变化会引起极端天气。故选A项。

33.【C】词句猜测题。由文章第二段“Theremainingwater,orrunofF,flowsintonearbywaterways,

pickingupcontaminanlslikefertilizersontheway.Toomuchrunoffeventuallytravelstolarger

bodiesofwaterlikelakes,andtheocean,damagingthewatersupplyandlimitingwateraccess

forhumansandecosystems.（剩余的水或径流会流入附近的水道，在途中收集肥料等

的。过多的径流最终会流向更大的水体，如湖泊和海洋，从而破坏供水，限制

人类和生态系统的用水。户可知，最终这些径流会破坏人类和生态系统的用水，所以猜测

contaminants应表示“污染物”。故选C项。

34.【D】细节理解题。由文章最后•段“Therearemanythingsthateveryonecandotolessenthe

impactofclimatechange.Somemeasuresincludegrowingyourownfruitsandvegetablesor

buyinglocallygrownproduce,sinceproduceisoftentransportedtogrocerystoresfromfar

awaybytrucks,whichaddmorecarbondioxidetotheatmosphere.Youcouldalsowalkorride

abikeinsteadofdrivingacar.（每个人都可以做很多事情来减轻气候变化的影响。一些措施

包括种植自己的水果和蔬菜，或购买当地种植的农产品，因为农产品通常由卡车从很远的

地方运到杂货店，这会增加大气中的二氧化碳。你也可以步行或骑自行车代替开车。y

可知，我们可以做很多事来来减轻气候变化的影响。其中包括做一些可减少二氧化碳的事

情。故选D项。

35.【C】主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Climatechangeisalreadyaffectingwateraccessforpeople

ar