高考英语阅读理解五步法专项带练(54)讲义

①OnthestreetsofManhattanandWashington,D.C.,inneighborhoodsinSeoulandparksinParis,ginkgo(银杏)treesarelosingtheirleavesinreactiontothefirstgustofcoldwinterair.Thisleafdrop,gradualatfirst,andthensudden,carpetsstreetswithgolden,fanshapedleaves.Scientistsaredocumentingevidenceoftheeventhappeninglaterandlater,apossibleindicationofclimatechange.Butthestoryofginkgosisnotthefamiliaroneofhumancarelessnesswithnature.②ThankstofossilsfoundinNorthDakota,scientistsfoundaginkgohasgeneticallysimilarancestorsdatingback170millionyearstotheJurassicPeriod."Italmostwentextinct.Thenhumansrescueditandspreaditaroundtheworld.It'ssuchagreatevolutionary(进化)andculturalstory,"saysPeterCrane,aginkgoexpert.③Onetheoryforthedeclineoftheginkgospeciesbegan130millionyearsago,whenfloweringplantsbeganspreading.Theygrewfasterandattractedmorepollinators(传粉者)thanginkgos."It'spossiblethatginkgoswereelbowedoutoftheway,"saysCrane.Alreadypetingtosurvive,ginkgosbegantodisappearduringatimeofglobalcoolingthatbeganaround66millionyearsago.Bythetimethelasticeageended11,000yearsago,theremainingsurvivorswerefoundinChina.④Ginkgotreesaresmelly."Myguessisthattheywereeatenbyanimalsthatlikedsmellythings.Theythenpassedthroughtheirbodyandgrew."Cranesays.Thosesameseedsmayhavehelpedginkgofindfavorwithhumans1,000yearsago.Oncecleanedoftheirouterlayer,ginkgoseedsaresafetoeat.It'sthen,whenthetreeshadlongsincedisappearedelsewhere,thatpeopleinChinamayhavebegunplantingthemandeatingtheirseeds.Thengraduallyginkgosspreadacrosstheworld.Nowit'sseeminglynaturallyresistanttoinsectsandhighlevelsofairpollution.⑤Craneisn'tworiedaboutitsfuture,though:Thepopularityofthespecieswillhelpitsurvive."Thoughitsstatusinthewildmaybedifficulttoaccess,it'saplantthat'sunlikelytoevergoextinct,"hesays.【素材来源：2024届福建省七地市高中毕业班第一次质检英语试题】32.Whatmayhavecausedthefurtherdelayofginkgo'sleafdrop?A.Thecolderweatherinwinter.B.Theprotectionfromcitycouncils.C.Theglobalwarmingphenomenon.D.Thecarelessinteractionwithhumans.33.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thereasonswhyginkgosalmostdiedout.B.Theadvantagesofginkgosoverotherplants.C.Thetheoriesofexpertsformultiplyingginkgos.D.Thepetitionbetweenvariousfloweringplants.34.Whatmighthavecontributedtoginkgos'survival?A.Theireatableseeds.B.Theirunpleasantsmell.C.Thenaturalevolution.D.Thecarefulplanting.35.HowdoesCranefeelaboutginkgos'future?A.Worried.B.Optimistic.C.Uncertain.D.Hopeless.【五步法解析】串联题干Whatmayhavecausedthefurtherdelayofginkgo'sleafdrop?Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?Whatmighthavecontributedtoginkgos'survival?HowdoesCranefeelaboutginkgos'future?主题词归纳：ginkgo,leafdrop,survival,future32.Whatmayhavecausedthefurtherdelayofginkgo'sleafdrop?是什么原因导致银杏叶落的进一步延迟?A.Thecolderweatherinwinter.冬天更冷的天气。B.Theprotectionfromcitycouncils.市议会的保护。C.Theglobalwarmingphenomenon.全球变暖现象D.Thecarelessinteractionwithhumans.与人类的粗心互动。①OnthestreetsofManhattanandWashington,D.C.,inneighborhoodsinSeoulandparksinParis,ginkgo(银杏)treesarelosingtheirleavesinreactiontothefirstgustofcoldwinterair.Thisleafdrop,gradualatfirst,andthensudden,carpetsstreetswithgolden,fanshapedleaves.Scientistsaredocumentingevidenceoftheeventhappeninglaterandlater,apossibleindicationofclimatechange.这种落叶，起初是缓慢的，然后突然，用金色的扇形叶子铺满街道。科学家们正在记录这一事件发生的时间越来越晚的证据，这可能是气候变化的一个迹象。Butthestoryofginkgosisnotthefamiliaroneofhumancarelessnesswithnature.33.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?第三段主要讲了什么?A.Thereasonswhyginkgosalmostdiedout.银杏几乎灭绝的原因。B.Theadvantagesofginkgosoverotherplants.银杏比其他植物的优点。C.Thetheoriesofexpertsformultiplyingginkgos.专家们关于银杏繁殖的理论D.Thepetitionbetweenvariousfloweringplants.各种开花植物之间的竞争。同义替换：multiplying=flowering/spreading③Onetheoryforthedeclineoftheginkgospeciesbegan130millionyearsago,whenfloweringplantsbeganspreading.Theygrewfasterandattractedmorepollinators(传粉者)thanginkgos."It'spossiblethatginkgoswereelbowedoutoftheway,"saysCrane.银杏物种灭绝的一种理论始于1.3亿年前，当时开花植物开始扩散。它们比银杏生长得更快，吸引了更多的传粉者(传粉者)。克兰说:“银杏有可能被挤开了。”Alreadypetingtosurvive,ginkgosbegantodisappearduringatimeofglobalcoolingthatbeganaround66millionyearsago.Bythetimethelasticeageended11,000yearsago,theremainingsurvivorswerefoundinChina.34.Whatmighthavecontributedtoginkgos'survival?是什么促成了银杏的存活?A.Theireatableseeds.它们可食用的种子。B.Theirunpleasantsmell.难闻的气味。C.Thenaturalevolution.自然进化。D.Thecarefulplanting.精心种植。④Ginkgotreesaresmelly."Myguessisthattheywereeatenbyanimalsthatlikedsmellythings.Theythenpassedthroughtheirbodyandgrew."Cranesays.Thosesameseedsmayhavehelpedginkgofindfavorwithhumans1,000yearsago.Oncecleanedoftheirouterlayer,ginkgoseedsaresafetoeat.It'sthen,whenthetreeshadlongsincedisappearedelsewhere,thatpeopleinChinamayhavebegunplantingthemandeatingtheirseeds.Thengraduallyginkgosspreadacrosstheworld.Nowit'sseeminglynaturallyresistanttoinsectsandhighlevelsofairpollution.一旦洗净了外层，银杏种子就可以安全食用了。那时，当这些树在其他地方早已消失时，中国人可能开始种植它们并吃它们的种子。后来银杏逐渐传遍了世界。现在，它似乎天生就能抵抗昆虫和高水平的空气污染。35.HowdoesCranefeelaboutginkgos'future?克兰对银杏的未来有何看法?A.Worried.担扰的B.Optimistic.积极的C.Uncertain.不确定的；犹豫的D.Hopeless.无望的⑤Craneisn'tworiedaboutitsfuture,though:Thepopularityofthespecieswillhelpitsurvive."Thoughitsstatusinthewildmaybedifficulttoaccess,it'saplantthat'sunlikelytoevergoextinct,"hesays.虽然它在野外的地位可能很难获得，但它是一种不太可能灭绝的植物，”他说。【逐句翻译】第一段：OnthestreetsofManhattanandWashington,D.C.,inneighborhoodsinSeoulandparksinParis,ginkgo(银杏)treesarelosingtheirleavesinreactiontothefirstgustofcoldwinterair.在曼哈顿和华盛顿特区的街道上在首尔和巴黎的公园里，银杏树(银杏)正因第一缕冷空气而落叶。【真题必考词汇】Inreactionto作为对...的反应Nixon'smostcapriciouscationshadoccuredintimesofquiet,notinreactiontocrises.尼克松采取最放任的行动是在平静的时候,而不是在对危机做出反应时.【超纲词解析】Gustn.一阵狂风;风味;突发的一阵;（感情）迸发Thewindgustedupto164milesanhour.狂风大作，时速达164英里。Thisleafdrop,gradualatfirst,andthensudden,carpetsstreetswithgolden,fanshapedleaves.这种落叶，起初是缓慢的，然后突然，用金色的扇形叶子铺满街道。Scientistsaredocumentingevidenceoftheeventhappeninglaterandlater,apossibleindicationofclimatechange.科学家们正在记录这一事件发生的时间越来越晚的证据，这可能是气候变化的一个迹象。Butthestoryofginkgosisnotthefamiliaroneofhumancarelessnesswithnature.但银杏的故事并不是人们所熟悉的人类对自然的粗心大意。第二段：ThankstofossilsfoundinNorthDakota,scientistsfoundaginkgohasgeneticallysimilarancestorsdatingback170millionyearstotheJurassicPeriod.由于在北达科他州发现的化石，科学家们发现银杏具有基因相似的祖先，可以追溯到1.7亿年前的侏罗纪时期。【真题必考词汇】Thanksto...由于Thankstoyourextraordinaryclumsiness,Ishallhavetobuyawholesetteaservice.因为你笨手笨脚,我不得不去买一整套茶具."Italmostwentextinct.Thenhumansrescueditandspreaditaroundtheworld.“它几乎灭绝了。然后人类拯救了它，并将其传播到世界各地【真题必考词汇】Aroundtheworld全世界Thereweretelevisioncrewsandpressmenfromallaroundtheworld.来自世界各地的电视工作者和新闻记者齐聚一堂。It'ssuchagreatevolutionary(进化)andculturalstory,"saysPeterCrane,aginkgoexpert.这是一个伟大的进化(进化)和文化故事，”银杏专家彼得·克兰说。第三段：Onetheoryforthedeclineoftheginkgospeciesbegan130millionyearsago,whenfloweringplantsbeganspreading.句子结构分析：when引导时间状语从句句意：银杏物种灭绝的一种理论始于1.3亿年前，当时开花植物开始扩散。Theygrewfasterandattractedmorepollinators(传粉者)thanginkgos.它们比银杏生长得更快，吸引了更多的传粉者(传粉者)。"It'spossiblethatginkgoswereelbowedoutoftheway,"saysCrane.句子结构分析：itispossiblethat..引导主语从句句意：克兰说:“银杏有可能被挤开了Alreadypetingtosurvive,ginkgosbegantodisappearduringatimeofglobalcoolingthatbeganaround66millionyearsago.在大约6600万年前开始的全球变冷时期，银杏已经开始竞争生存，开始消失。Bythetimethelasticeageended11,000yearsago,theremainingsurvivorswerefoundinChina.到11000年前最后一个冰河时代结束时，在中国发现了剩下的幸存者。【真题必考词汇】Bythetime到…时候为止;等到;比及Bythetimehe'stwentyhe'llknoweveryoneworthknowinginWashington.到20岁时，他就会认识华盛顿所有值得认识的人。第四段：Ginkgotreesaresmelly."Myguessisthattheywereeatenbyanimalsthatlikedsmellythings.句子结构分析：that引导定语从句修饰animals银杏树很臭。“我猜它们是被喜欢难闻东西的动物吃掉的。Theythenpassedthroughtheirbodyandgrew."Cranesays.然后它们穿过他们的身体生长。”克兰说。Thosesameseedsmayhavehelpedginkgofindfavorwithhumans1,000yearsago.这些种子可能在1000年前帮助银杏获得了人类的青睐。Oncecleanedoftheirouterlayer,ginkgoseedsaresafetoeat.句子结构分析：once引导时间状语从句句意：一旦洗净了外层，银杏种子就可以安全食用了。It'sthen,whenthetreeshadlongsincedisappearedelsewhere,thatpeopleinChinamayhavebegunplantingthemandeatingtheirseeds.句子结构分析：when引导时间状语从句句意：那时，当这些树在其他地方早已消失时，中国人可能开始种植它们并吃它们的种子。Thengraduallyginkgosspreadacrosstheworld.后来银杏逐渐传遍了世界。Nowit'sseeminglynat