北京市延庆区高三下学期3月一模试题英语

延庆区2023～2024学年第二学期统测试卷高三英语本试卷共11页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Weliveinatown,abouthalfamilefromthebanksoftheAhrRiver.Ithadbeenrainingbucketsthatweekandtherewere___1___warningsforsomeofthenearbyareas,butnotwhereIwas.Asaprecaution,I’d___2___sandbagsoutsidemygardendoorandpiledelectronicsandclothingontablesandthecouchjustincasewatermanagedtoseepthrough.AsIfellasleep,Iwas___3___bythesoundofrushingwater.WhenIswungmylegsoffthebed,Iwas___4___tofeelcoldwateralreadyuptomykneesandrisingfast.Shiveringandindarkness,Igrabbedmyphoneand___5___itsflashlight.Waterwasingfromthegardendoor,andchairs,bookshelvesandpiecesofmydrumsetwerefloatingallovermylivingroom.TheAhrmusthave___6___burstitsbanksandbreachedthesandbags.AndnowIhadtogetout—fast!Withthewaternowuptomywaist,inbarefeetIstartedtopaddletomyonly___7___:thedoorleadingtoupstairs.FinallyImadeittothatdoorandtriedtopullitopen,butthewater’spressurewashigh.Imanagedtomakea___8___ofabout30centimeterswithallmystrengthandeffort,enoughformetosqueezethrough.Rushingdownoutside,I___9___thatifIhadwokenupjustafewminuteslater,Iwouldhavedrowned.Theexperiencemademegratefulanddeterminedtoliveeachdaytoitsfullest.Iwillrememberwhatmymothertoldme:“Don’trememberthedaywhenyou____10____everything.Rememberthedayyousurvived.”1.A.flood B.earthquake C.drought D.sandstorm2.A.cleaned B.lifted C.recovered D.placed3.A.threatened B.awakened C.weakened D.tightened4.A.excited B.shocked C.depressed D.exhausted5.A.showedup B.lookedup C.turnedon D.wenton6.A.carefully B.gradually C.violently D.constantly7.A.escape B.mind C.problem D.stage8.A.gap B.depth C.height D.cut9.A.pretended B.promised C.imagined D.realised10.A.lacked B.found C.lost D.gained第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ShenzhouXVIIcrewmemberspletedtheirfirstspacewalkon22ndDecember,2023,pletingahostoftasksoutsidetheTiangongspacestation.Itwasthe14thspacewalk____11____(conduct)byChineseastronauts.Therearealotofscienceandtechnologyassignmentsforthem____12____(perform)duringtheremainingdaysoftheirstayinorbit.Sincetheirarrival,theastronauts____13____(examine)andmaintainedequipmentandmadepreparationsfortheirspacewalk.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Asamothertothreeboys,I’musedtoreceivingmyfavoritesoapasagiftforeveryoccasion．Itdoesn’trequiremucheffort,andmysonsknowthatIloveit．OnedaymysonsawamagazineonmydeskwithJaneGoodall____14____thecover．Isaid,“She’smyfavoriteperson.”ThenextChristmas,Iwasexpectingmysoap____15____mysonshandedmeanenvelope．Insidewas/acopyofNationalGeographicsignedbyJaneGoodall．I____16____(move)totears.Iwillalwayscherishthemagazineandthoughtfulnessofmyboysfindingmetheperfectgift．C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Whenthe48yearoldUzbekgymnast,OksanaChusovitina,____17____(participate)intheAsiadwomen’sgymnasticsqualificationonMonday,thousandsofspectatorschantedfor“QiuMa,”____18____translatesto“MotherChusovitina”.Whenhersonwasdiagnosedwithleukemiain2002,sheadoptedGermancitizenshiptopeteatglobaleventsforahigherineand____19____(good)medicaltreatment.Aftenherson’s____20____(recover),Chusovitinacontinuedhergymnasticsjourneyoutofsheerloveforthesport．第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALivingbeyondlimitsGrowingupinthehotLasVegasdesert,allIwantedwastobefree.Iwoulddaydreamabouttravelingtheworld,livinginaplacewhereitsnowed.Attheageof19,thedayafterIgraduatedfromhighschool,ImovedtoaplacewhereitsnowedandIfoundmydreamjob.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Ifeltfree,independentandpletelyincontrolofmylife.Thatis,untilmylifetookadetour(转折点).IwenthomefromworkearlyonedaywithwhatIthoughtwastheflu,andlessthan24hourslaterIwasinthehospitalonlifesupportwithlessthana2%chanceofliving.OverthecourseoftwoandahalfmonthsIlostthehearinginmyleftearandbothofmylegsbelowtheknee.IthoughttheworstwasoveruntilweekslaterwhenIsawmynewartificiallegsforthefirsttime.TheyweresopainfulthatallIcouldthinkwas,howamIevergoingtotraveltheworldinthesethings?AndhowwasIgoingtosnowboardagain?ButIknewthatinordertomoveforward,IhadtoletgooftheoldSelfandlearntoembracethenewSelf.AndthatiswhenitdawnedonmethatifIsnowboardedagain,myfeetaren’tgoingtogetcold.FourmonthslaterIwasbackuponasnowboard,althoughthingsdidn’tgoquiteasexpected:Mykneesandmyankleswouldn’tbend.ButIknewthatIwouldbeabletodothisagainifIcouldfindtherightpairoffeet.Ididayearofresearch,stillcouldn’tfigureoutwhatkindoflegstouse.SoIdecidedtomakeapairmyself.MylegmakerandIputrandompartstogetherandwemadeapairoffeetthatIcouldsnowboardin.Thenin2005Icofoundedanonprofitorganizationforyouthwithphysicaldisabilitiessotheycouldgetinvolvedwithactionsports.Elevenyearsago,whenIlostmylegs,Ihadnoideawhattoexpect.Butifyouaskmetoday,ifIwouldeverwanttochangemysituation,Iwouldhavetosayno.Becausemylegshaven’tdisabledme.They’veforcedmetorelyonmyimaginationandtobelieveinthepossibilities.21.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenshesawhernewlegsforthefirsttime?A.Astonished. B.Hopeful. C.Desperate. D.Delighted.22.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangeherthoughttowardhersituation?AHerpositiveattitude.B.Inspirationfromresearch.C.Herloveforsnowboard.D.Helpfromanonprofitorganization.23.Theauthor’sattemptcouldhelpherandotheryouthswithphysicaldisabilitiesto______.A.travelaroundtheworldB.takepartinactionsportsC.bendtheirkneesandanklesD.recoverfromtheirdisabilities24.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Practicemakesperfect.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Youcan’tjudgeabookbyitscover.D.NothingisimpossibletoawillingheartBIntern(实习生):UnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)JobTitle:DigitalBusinessSolutionsInternWorklocation:Remote/BeijingDuration:SixmonthsTheDigitalBureauSolutionisresponsibleforICToperationswithinUNESCO,andreportstotheAssistantDirectorGeneraltoAdministration(ADG/ADM).TheteamoverseestheimplementationofUNESO’sdigitalstrategy,withthedeliveryofmoreintegratedandproperlydesigned,projectandknowledgemanagementinsupportofprogrammedelivery;thesupplyofaflexibleITinfrastructure(基础建设),andbestinclassservicemanagementtoenableeffectiveprogrammedelivery;andthesupplyofstrengthenedcybersecurityanddigitalriskmanagement.JobresponsibilitiesNetworkMonitoringandArrangement:Assistinmonitoringnetworkperformanceanddiagnosingconnectivityissuesusingnetworkmonitoringtools;whilegaininghandsonexperiencewithnetworkdevicearrangement,includingrouters,switches,andfirewalls;CloudPlatformFamiliarity:Gainexperiencewithcloudplatformsbysettingupandarrangingcloudresources;assistinplanningthemigrationofprestoredapplicationsandworkloadstothecloud:ServerandNetworkTroubleshooting:Learntotroubleshootnetworkproblems,suchasslowconnectionsorconnectionlost;Documentation:Helpupdateandmaintainnetworkdocumentation,includingnetworkdiagramsanddeviceinventories;·UserSupportandTroubleshooting:Providebasicusersupport,includingpasswordresetsandaccountcreation,andlearnabouthelpdeskticketingsystems;RequirementsYoumustbeatleast20yearsoldtoapply.YouhaverecentlygraduatedwithaMaster’sdegreeorPhD,12monthspriortothestartoftheinternship;Youshouldhaveanexcellentmand,bothwrittenandspoken,ofEnglishorFrench.Aworkingknowledgeoftheotherlanguage(EnglishorFrench)isanadvantage;Youmusthaveanexcellentknowledgeofputersystemsandofficerelatedsoftware.ApplicantsneedtoregisteranaccountforUNESCDandentertheapplicationprocessafterpletingtheirpersonalinformationresume.IntheApplicationinformation,ifyouwanttodothisjoboffline,selectdutystation:China,Beijing.25.TheDigitalBureauSolutionisto______.A.controltheAssistantDirectorGeneraltoAdministrationB.improvemoreintegratedprojectandknowledgemanagementC.createaflexibleITinfrastructure,andgoodservicemanagementD.offerstrengthenedcybersecurityanddigitalriskmanagement.26.BeinganinterninUNESCO,onewillhelpto______.AmonitornetworkperformanceanddiagnoseconnectivityissuesB.gainexperiencewithcloudplatformsbyplanningtheapplicationsC.updateandmaintainnetworkdocumentationfornetworkdiagramsD.providebasicusersupportbylearningabouthelpdeskticketingsystems27.Whichisarequirementfortheapplicants?A.Beingyoungerthan20yearsoldwhenapplying.B.HavingaMaster’sdegreeorPhDwhileapplying.C.mandingEnglishandFrenchexcellently,bothwrittenandspoken.D.Havingarichknowledgeofputersystemsandofficerelatedsoftware.CEVsareinthemiddleofanobesityepidemicFisker,anelectricvehicle,unveiledthefuturelineuponAugust3rd.Itincluded:asoupedup,offroadversionoftheOcean.ThoughFiskersayssustainabilityisoneofitsfoundingprinciples,itisindulginginatraitalmostuniversalamongcarfirms:buildingbigger,strongercars,evenwhentheyareelectric.Therearetworeasonsforthis.Thefirstisprofit.Aswithconventionalcars,biggerEVsgeneratehighermargins.Thesecondisconsumerpreference.Fordecades,drivershavebeenoptingforSUVsandpickuptrucksratherthansmallercars,andthisnowappliestobatterychargedones.EVdrivers,whoworryabouttheavailabilityofcharginginfrastructure,wantmorerange,hencebiggerbatteries.Thatmayhelpmakeforamorereassuringride.Buteventuallythesupersizingtrendwillprovetobeunsustainableandunsafe.Fornow,carmakerscanarguethathoweverbigtheelectricrigs,theyhaveapositiveimpactontheplanet.ThoughmanufacturingEVs—includingsourcingthemetalsandmineralsthatgointothem—generatesmoregreenhousegasesthanaconventionalcar,theyquicklypensateforthatthroughtheabsenceoftallpipeemissions.Butinthelongrunthetrendforbiggerbutteriesmaybackfire,foreconomicandenvironmentalreasons.First,thebiggerthebattery,themorepressuretherewillbeonthesupplychain.Ifbatterysizesincreasetherearelikelytobeloomingseareitlesoflithiumandnickel.Thatwillpushupthecostoflithiumionbatteries,underminingcarmakers’profitability.Second,tochargebiggerbatteriesinacarbonneutralwayrequiresmorelowcarbonelectricity.Thatmaycreatebottlenecksonthegrid.Third,themorepressureonscarceresourcesvitalforEVproduction,theharderitwillbetomakeaffordableelectriccarscriticalforelectrifyingthemassmarket.Thatwillslowtheoveralldecarbonisationoftransport.Finally,thereissafety.Notonlyisabattletankthatdoeszeroto100kilometresperhourintheblinkofaneyealiabilityforanyonethathappenstobeinitsway.GovernmentshavewaystoencourageEVstoshrink.Themostimportantistosupporttheexpansionofcharginginfrastructure,whichwouldreducerangeanxietyandpromotesmallercars.Taxescouldpunishheaviervehiclesandsubsidiescouldpromotelighterones.Ultimately,theindustryisalmostsuretorealisethefollyofpursuingsizeforitsownsake.Thepennyisstartingtodrop.Ford’sCEO,JimFarley,recentlysaidcarmakerscouldnotmakemoneywiththelongestrangebatteries.HisoppositenumberatGeneralMotors,MaryBarra,hastakentheunexpectedstepofreversingaplantoretiretheaffordableChevyBoltEV.InEurope,carmakerslikeVolkswagenarebuildingsmaller,cheaperEVs.TeslaissaidtobeplanningapactmodelmadeinMexico.28.ConsumerswantEVswithmorerangeandbiggerbatteriesbecause______.A.theycanbringmoreprofitsB.theycanreducetailpipeemissionsC.theyaremoresecureD.thereareinsufficientchargingfacilitiesforthem29.Fromthepassage,weknowthat______.A.RisingcostofbatterieswillincreaseprofitabilityB.ConventionalcarsproducemoregreenhousegasesthanEVsinproductionC.BiggerbatteriesmaycreatemorepressureonthesupplychainD.ThedemandonscarceresourcesinEVsmakeselectriccarsmoreaffordable30.Whatisthepassagetryingtotellus?A.Lighterelectricvehiclesshouldbeencouraged.B.Bigger,strongercarsaresaferandmoresustainable.C.Supersizingelectricvehicleshaveapositiveimpactontheplanet.D.EVswithbiggerbatteriesmayhelpmakeforamorefortableride.DItisrapidlyemergingasoneofthemostimportanttechnological,andincreasinglyideological,dividesofourtimes:shouldpowerfulgenerativeartificialintelligencesystemsbeopenorclosed?Supporterssaytheybroadenaccesstothetechnology,stimulateinnovationandimprovereliabilitybyencouragingoutsidescrutiny.Farcheapertodevelopanddeploy,smalleropenmodelsalsoinjectpetitionintoafielddominatedbybigUSpaniessuchasGoogle.MicrosoftandOpenAIthathaveinvestedbillionsdevelopingmassive,closedandcloselycontrolledgenerativeAlsystems.ButdetractorsargueopenmodelsriskliftingthelidonaPandora’sboxoftroubles.Badactorscanexploitthemtospreadpersonaliseddisinformation,whileterroristsmightusethemtomanufacturecyberorbioweapons.“Thedangerofopensourceisthatitenablesmorecraziestodocrazythings,“GeoffreyHinton,oneofthepioneersofmodernAI,haswarned.ThehistoryofOpenAI,whichdevelopedthepopularChatGPTchatbot,isitselfinstructive.Asitsnamesuggests,theresearchpanywasfoundedin2015withamitmenttodevelopthetechnologyasopenlyaspossible.Butitlaterabandonedthatapproachforbothpetitiveandsafetyreasons.OnceOpenAIrealisedthatitsgenerativeAImodelsweregoingtobe“unbelievablypotent”,itmadelittlesensetoopensourcethem,IlyaSutskever,OpenAI’schiefscientistsaid.Supportersofopenmodelshitback,ridiculingtheideathatopengenerativeAImodelsenablepeopletoaccessinformationtheycouldnototherwisefindfromtheinternetoraroguescientist.Theyalsohighlightthepetitiveselfinterestofthebigtechpaniesinshoutingaboutthedangersofopenmodels,whoseintentionistoestablishtheirownmarketdominancestrongly.Butthereisanideologicaldimensiontothisdebate,too.YannLeCun,chiefscientistofMeta,haslikenedtheargumentsforcontrollingthetechnologytomedievalobscurantism(蒙昧主义):thebeliefthatonlyaselfselectingpriesthoodofexpertsiswiseenoughtohandleknowledge.Inthefuture,allourinteractionswiththevastdigitalrepositoryofhumanknowledgewillbemediatedthroughAlsystems.WeshouldnotwantahandfulofSiliconValleypaniestocontrolthataccess.Justastheinternetflourishedbyresistingattemptstoencloseit,soAIwillthrivebyremainingopen,LeCunargues.WendyHall,royalprofessorofputerscienceatSouthamptonuniversity,sayswedonotwanttoliveinaworldwhereonlythebigpaniesrungenerativeAl.Nordowewanttoallowuserstodoanythingtheylikewithopenmodels.“Wehavetofindsomepromise,”shesuggests.Weshouldcertainlyresistthetyranny(暴政)ofthebinary(二进制)whenitestothinkingaboutAImodels.Bothopenandclosedmodelshavetheirbenefitsandflaws.Asthecapabilitiesofthesemodelsevolve,wewillconstantlyhavetotweaktheweightingsbetweenpetitionandcontrol.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“potent”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Accessible. B.Powerful. C.Significant. D.Unnoticeable.32.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Itneedsbillionsofdollarstodevelopanddeployopensourcemodels.B.ThefieldofgenerativeAIsystemsisdominatedbybigpanies.C.Onlyselfselectingexpertscanhandleopenmodelswisely.D.Userscandoanythingtheylikewithopenmodelsatthismoment.33.RegardingWendyHall’ssuggestions,theauthoris______.A.sympathetic B.puzzled C.unconcerned D.opposed34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoKeeptheLidonthePandora’sBoxofOpenAIB.DividesonOpenAI:technologyandideologyC.WheredoestheDebateonOpenAIEndD.ProsandConsofOpenAI第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyouwanttobeacognitivesuperagerwhenyouareold?Justasyoutakestepstowardsafutureproofingbody,youcanenhanceyourbrain’sresiliencetoagerelateddiseasebyboostingcognitivereserve.AndrewSommerlad,anassociateprofessorofpsychiatry,discoversthepowerofcognitivereserveinstudiesofolderpeoplewhoshowsignsofAlzheimer’s(阿尔兹海默症)intheirbrains.____35____Actually,threeyearsago,colleaguesofSommerladhadalsopublishedfindingsfromStudyofAgeing.Theyshowedthathigherlevelsofcognitivereserveareassociatedwithlowerlevelsofdementia.____36____Thestrongcognitivereserveishelpfultostaveoffsymptomsofbrainchangesassociatednotjustwithdementiabutwithotherbraindiseases.Italsohelpsyoutofunctionbetterforlongerwhenfacingunexpectedlifeeventsasyougetolder.Howdoyouimproveit?Theyoungeryouimplementthingsthatwillbolsterit,thebetter.Forexample,youcandotasksthatchallengesyourbrainability,likecrosswords,reading,givingimpromptuspeechandcriticalthinking.____37____So,domindbodypracticeslikeyoga,TaiChiormeditationtoreducestressisalsoimportant.Thiscanhelpyoubalancetheperiodsofmentaldemandandrelaxation.____38____ideally,seventoninehoursisoptimalforenhancingcognitivereserve.Startbyimprovingyoursleephygienewithstepssuchasavoidingelectronicscreens.Cognitivereserveisdevelopedthroughalifetimeofeducation,curiosityandpersistence.____39____A.Itseffectsarewidereaching.B.Additionally,maintainregularsleeppatterns.C.Soplanaheadtomakesureyoukeepcognitivelybusyandengaged!D.Therearewaysyoucanimprovesleep,forbothyoungandoldpeople.E.Itsuggeststhatdevelopingagoodcognitivereservecanbepowerfullyprotective.F.Howeverthinkingtoohardfortoolongmaywearyouout,hurtingcognitivereserve.G.Theycopebetterwithpathological(病理上的)changes,thehighertheirpowersofcognitivereserve.第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节阅读表达(共4小题：第1、2题各2分，第3题3分，第4题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Anxietyisnotdeadlybecausebeingabletofeelanxiousshowsthatourfightorflightsystemisoperational,whichisanindicatorofbrainandsensoryhealth.Onceweacceptthatbeinganxiousisanormalpartoflife,wecanuseittoourbenefit.Anxietycanhelpbuildouremotionalstrength.Ifwewanttobuildemotionalstrength,weneedtofacesomedegreeofmentalstress.Ofcourse,unpleasantandabusetendtocausemoreharmthangood,buttheexperienceofoccasionalanxiety,stress,andtensionsubstantiallyincreasesouremotionalcourage.Anxietycanincreaseyouremotionalconnection.Clinicalsciencehasidentifiedthatsharingouranxietieswithourlovedonesisoneofthemosteffectivestrategiestobuildconnection.Whenmypatientslearntoopenupandsharetheiranxietieswiththeirpartners,theyalmostalwaysreportagreatersenseofemotionalconnection.Anxietycanhelpusrebalance.Whenwefeelgenuinelyanxiousbecauseofstress,it’sourbody’swayoftellingustorebalance.Nobodyistrulylimitless.Whenwepayattentiontoourinternalcuesandacknowledgeourweaknesses,weemergemorefocusedandhealthieroverallandalsolessstressedandanxious.Anxietycanbeahealthy,helpfulemotionthatisaconstructiveaspectofhumanlife.Whenitestooccasionalexperienceofanxiety,itcanemotionallyhelpboostourcourage.Itcanalsobuildupemotionalconnectionwhenweexpressoursensitivefeelingstoothers.Andintheformofstress,itcanserveasaninternalindicatortoremainbalancedandhealthy.Nowit’shightimewestartedputtingittogooduse．40.Whyisanxietynotdeadly?____________________________________________________________________________________________41Whencananxietyincreaseouremotionalconnection?____________________________________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy?Whenwepayattentiontoourinternalcuesandacknowledgeourweaknesses,weemergemorefocusedandhealthieroverallandalsomorestressedandanxious．____________________________________________________________________________________________43.Asastudent,howdoyoumakeuseoftestanxietytohelpyoubebetterpreparedforexams?(Inabout40words)____________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(20分)44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校下周将要举办“科技嘉年华”活动。请你给交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加此次活动，内容包括：1.活动目的；2.活动安排。科技嘉年华ScienceandTechnologyCarnival注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua延庆区2023～2024学年第二学期统测试卷高三英语本试卷共11页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Weliveinatown,abouthalfamilefromthebanksoftheAhrRiver.Ithadbeenrainingbucketsthatweekandtherewere___1___warningsforsomeofthenearbyareas,butnotwhereIwas.Asaprecaution,I’d___2___sandbagsoutsidemygardendoorandpiledelectronicsandclothingontablesandthecouchjustincasewatermanagedtoseepthrough.AsIfellasleep,Iwas___3___bythesoundofrushingwater.WhenIswungmylegsoffthebed,Iwas___4___tofeelcoldwateralreadyuptomykneesandrisingfast.Shiveringandindarkness,Igrabbedmyphoneand___5___itsflashlight.Waterwasingfromthegardendoor,andchairs,bookshelvesandpiecesofmydrumsetwerefloatingallovermylivingroom.TheAhrmusthave___6___burstitsbanksandbreachedthesandbags.AndnowIhadtogetout—fast!Withthewaternowuptomywaist,inbarefeetIstartedtopaddletomyonly___7___:thedoorleadingtoupstairs.FinallyImadeittothatdoorandtriedtopullitopen,butthewater’spressurewashigh.Imanagedtomakea___8___ofabout30centimeterswithallmystrengthandeffort,enoughformetosqueezethrough.Rushingdownoutside,I___9___thatifIhadwokenupjustafewminuteslater,Iwouldhavedrowned.Theexperiencemademegratefulanddeterminedtoliveeachdaytoitsfullest.Iwillrememberwhatmymothertoldme:“Don’trememberthedaywhenyou____10____everything.Rememberthedayyousurvived.”1.A.flood B.earthquake C.drought D.sandstorm2.A.cleaned B.lifted C.recovered D.placed3.A.threatened B.awakened C.weakened D.tightened4.A.excited B.shocked C.depressed D.exhausted5.A.showedup B.lookedup C.turnedon D.wenton6.A.carefully B.gradually C.violently D.constantly7.A.escape B.mind C.problem D.stage8.A.gap B.depth C.height D.cut9.A.pretended B.promised C.imagined D.realised10.A.lacked B.found C.lost D.gained【答案】1.A2.D3.B4.B5.C6.C7.A8.A9.D10.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的一次脱险经历。由于连下大雨，使得河流决堤，爆发了洪水，殃及到作者所居住的区域。尽管作者提前做好了“抗洪”准备，但是，洪水的破坏力还是使得作者的家，以及该区域一片狼藉。幸运的是，作者逃生并幸存了下来。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个星期一直下着大雨，附近的一些地区发布了洪水警报，但我所在的地方没有。A.flood洪水；B.earthquake地震；C.drought干旱；D.sandstorm沙尘暴。根据“Ithadbeenrainingbucketsthatweek”可知，下大雨应是发布洪水警报，故选A。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为预防措施，我在花园门外放了沙袋，把电子产品和衣服堆在桌子和沙发上，以防水浸透。A.cleaned打扫；B.lifted举起，（被）提起；C.recovered恢复；D.placed放置。结合语境及“piledelectronicsandclothingontablesandthecouch”可知，此处指在花园门外放了沙袋，故选D。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我刚睡着，就被哗哗的水声吵醒了。A.threatened威胁；B.awakened（使）醒来；C.weakened削弱，减弱；D.tightened（使）变紧。根据“AsIfellasleep”可知，作者正在睡觉，故此处指被水声吵醒，故选B。【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我把腿从床上甩下来时，我震惊地感到冷水已经没过膝盖，而且还在迅速上升。A.excited兴奋的；B.shocked震惊的；C.depressed沮丧的；D.exhausted筋疲力尽的。根据“tofeelcoldwateralreadyuptomykneesandrisingfast”可知，作者一觉醒来感到冷水已经没过膝盖，而且还在迅速上升，应是感到震惊，故选B。【5题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在黑暗中瑟瑟发抖，我抓起，打开了手电筒。A.showedup出现；B.lookedup查阅，向上看；C.turnedon打开；D.wenton继续。根据“Shiveringandindarkness”可知，作者身处黑暗中，故是抓起打开手电筒，故选C。【6题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：阿尔河一定猛烈地冲垮了河岸，冲破了沙袋。A.carefully仔细地；B.gradually逐渐地；C.violently猛烈地，激烈地；D.constantly不断地。根据上文“Waterwasingfromthegardendoor,andchairs,bookshelvesandpiecesofmydrumsetwerefloatingallovermylivingroom.(水从花园的门里涌了出来，椅子、书架和我的架子鼓碎片漂浮在客厅里)”可知，家里遭遇洪水，故此处指阿尔河猛烈地冲垮了河岸，故选C。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在水没到我的腰了，我光着脚开始划向我唯一的逃生之处：通往楼上的门。A.escape逃脱；B.mind头脑；C.problem问题；D.stage舞台。根据空后“thedoorleadingtoupstairs”可知，水位已经到了腰部，作者应是上楼逃生，故选A。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我使出了全身的力气和力气，总算挤出了30厘米左右的空隙，才勉强挤了过去。A.gap间隙，开口；B.depth深度；C.height高度；D.cut划口。根据“enoughformetosqueezethrough”可知，此处指使出浑身力气打开一个间隙挤过去，故选A。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我冲到外面，意识到如果我几分钟后醒来，我就会淹死。A.pretended假装；B.promised承诺；C.imagined想象；D.realised意识到。结合空后“ifIhadwokenupjustafewminuteslater,Iwouldhavedrowned”可知，此处指作者意识到形势的严峻，如果晚几分钟醒来可能就被淹死了。故选D。【10题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会记住妈妈告诉我的话：“不要记得你失去一切的那一天。记住你活下来的那一天。”A.lacked缺少；B.found发现；C.lost失去；D.gained获得。结合作者的经历以及下文“Rememberthedayyousurvived.”可知，作者从洪水中幸存，故此处指不要想自己失去了一切，而是要记得活下来的那一天，故选C。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ShenzhouXVIIcrewmemberspletedtheirfirstspacewalkon22ndDecember,2023,pletingahostoftasksoutsidetheTiangongspacestation.Itwasthe14thspacewalk____11____(