适用于新高考新教材备战2025届高考英语一轮总复习高考题型组合练Unit4Breakingboundaries课件外研版选择性必修第二册

Unit4

BreakingboundariesⅠ.阅读理解ⅠⅡⅢAWhenRooseveltwasakid,hisdoctorsclaimedthathewastooweaktoliveanormallifelikemostchildrenofhisage.Theystronglyrecommendedhimtoavoidparticipationinanyphysicalactivities,fearingthatitcouldworsenhishealthconditionandpotentiallyleadtohisdeath.Theiropinionsimpliedthathewouldfaceuptoalifefullofallkindsoflimitations.Insteadofpermittingtheirlimitingbeliefsaboutwhathecoulddoandachieve,hechosetoliveameaningfullife.ⅠⅡⅢDespitehisdoctors’strongsuggestionsthatheremaininactive,hedidn’twanttobeacarefreeobserveroftheworldasitpassedhimby.Hewasdeterminedtoforcehimselftobeactive.Roosevelthaddailyadventuresinthewoodsasaboy.Hecontinuedtoplaysportswhenhegottocollege.Infact,hedidn’tjustplay,butheexcelledinbothboxingandrowing,bothofwhichrequireastonishinglevelsofstrengthandendurance.WhenRooseveltgraduatedfromcollege,hisdoctorswerestillnotcompletelysureabouthishealthcondition.Theystillbelievedthathewouldbeputtinghimselfinseriousdanger,becausehisheartproblemshadnotimproved.TheyfirmlybelievedthatitwouldbeⅠⅡⅢbesttofindadeskjobforhimaftercompletingacollegedegree.Onceagain,Rooseveltdecidedtochallengehimselftohisphysicallimitsbylivinganextremelyenergeticadultlife.Inabouteveryfieldhetookpart,hewouldaimtopushhisphysicallimits.Impressively,hewasexcellentasanexplorer,ahunter,anauthor,asoldierandapolitician.Eventually,Rooseveltwentbeyondthemistakenlimitationuponhimandlivedanamazinglife.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。Roosevelt小时候身体虚弱,医生建议他不要参加任何体育活动,但他突破身体的限制,选择过一种有意义的人生。ⅠⅡⅢ1.WhatwouldhappenifRooseveltfollowedhisdoctors’suggestions?A.Hewouldliveameaningfullife.B.Hislifewouldbefulloflimitations.C.Hisparentswouldfeelsatisfiedwithhim.D.Hewouldbecomeanextraordinaryperson.答案

B

解析

细节理解题。根据第一段中“Their

opinions

implied

that

he

would

face

up

to

a

life

full

of

all

kinds

of

limitations.”可知,如果遵照医生的建议,Roosevelt的生活将充斥着各种各样的限制。ⅠⅡⅢ2.WhatdidhisdoctorsexpectRoosevelttobecomeaftercollegegraduation?A.Anexplorer.

B.Aboxingplayer.C.Anofficeclerk. D.Apolitician.答案

C

解析

细节理解题。根据第三段中“When

Roosevelt

graduated

from

college,his

doctors

were

still

not

completely

sure

about

his

health

condition...They

firmly

believed

that

it

would

be

best

to

find

a

desk

job

for

him

after

completing

a

college

degree.”可知,医生认为Roosevelt大学毕业后最好找一份办公室工作。ⅠⅡⅢ3.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A.Byfollowingtimeorder.B.Bylistingobviousreasons.C.Bygivingsomeexamples.D.Bymakingnecessarycomparisons.答案

A

解析

推理判断题。根据第一段中“When

Roosevelt

was

a

kid”;第三段中“He

continued

to

play

sports

when

he

got

to

college.”以及“They

firmly

believed

that

it

would

be

best

to

find

a

desk

job

for

him

after

completing

a

college

degree.”可知,文章主要是按时间顺序叙述的。故选A项。ⅠⅡⅢ4.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeRoosevelt?A.Humorous. B.Generous.C.Considerate. D.Ambitious.答案

D

解析

推理判断题。在Roosevelt小时候,他的医生建议他不要参加任何体育活动,担心参加体育活动会使他的健康状况恶化,但他选择过一种有意义的人生,成为出色的探险家、猎人、作家、士兵和政治家。由此可推知,Roosevelt有理想有抱负。ⅠⅡⅢBAmulti-institutionalteamofresearchersconductedthefirststudytoevaluatehowthedurationofnightlysleepearlyinthesemesteraffectsfirstyearcollegestudents’end-of-semestergradepointaverage(GPA).UsingFitbitsleeptrackers,theyfoundthatstudentsonaveragesleep6.5hoursanight,butnegativeoutcomesaccumulatewhenstudentsreceivedlessthansixhoursofsleepanight.TheresultsareavailableintheFeb.13issueoftheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.Sleepguidelinesrecommendteenagersget8to10hoursofsleepeverynight.Manycollegestudentsexperienceirregularandinsufficientsleep.ⅠⅡⅢDavidCreswell,theWilliamS.DietrichⅡProfessorinPsychologyandNeuroscienceattheDietrichCollegeofHumanitiesandSocialSciences,ledateamofresearcherstoevaluatetherelationshipbetweensleepandGPA.“Animalstudieshaveshownhowcriticalsleepisforlearningandmemory,”saidCreswell.“Hereweshowhowthisworktranslatestohumans.ThelessnightlysleepafirstyearcollegestudentgetsatthebeginningoftheschooltermpredictslowerGPAattheendoftheterm.Lackofsleepmaybehurtingstudents’abilitytolearnintheircollegeclassrooms.”ⅠⅡⅢThestudyevaluatedmorethan600first-yearstudentsacrossfivestudiesatthreeuniversities.ThestudentsworewristFitbitdevicestomonitorandrecordtheirsleeppatterns.Theresearchersfoundthatstudentsinthestudysleeponaverage6.5hoursanight.Moresurprisingly,theresearchersfoundthatstudentswhoreceivelessthansixhoursofsleepexperiencedapronounceddeclineinacademicperformance.Inaddition,eachhourofsleeplostcorrespondedtoa0.07decreaseinend-of-termGPA.“Onceyoustartdipping(下降)belowsixhours,youarestartingtoaccumulatemassivesleepdebtthatcanimpairastudent’shealthandstudyhabits,compromisingthewholesystem,”saidCreswell.“Mostsurprisingtomewasthatnomatterwhatwedidtomaketheeffectgoaway,itpersisted.”ⅠⅡⅢ【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究发现保证夜间睡眠是学生取得优异成绩的关键。ⅠⅡⅢ5.Whatistherecommendedsleepdurationforteenagerspernight?A.6hours. B.6.5hours.C.8to10hours. D.Over10hours.答案

C

解析

细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Sleep

guidelines

recommend

teenagers

get

8

to

10

hours

of

sleep

every

night.”可知,青少年每晚的推荐睡眠时间为8至10小时。故选C项。ⅠⅡⅢ6.What’sparagraph5mainlytalkingabout?A.Theprocessoftheresearch.B.Thereasonfortheresearch.C.Theresultoftheresearch.D.Theshortageoftheresearch.答案

C

解析

主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“Once

you

start

dipping...it

persisted.”可知,第五段主要讲述了研究的结果。故选C项。ⅠⅡⅢ7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impair”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Change. B.Damage. C.Improve. D.Attack.答案

B

解析

词义猜测题。根据第四段中“More

surprisingly,the

researchers

found

that

students

who

receive

less

than

six

hours

of

sleep

experienced

a

pronounced

decline

in

academic

performance.”的提示可知,睡眠不足6小时的学生学习成绩出现明显下滑,再根据画线部分的后半句“compromising

the

whole

system”的提示可知,一旦你的睡眠时间开始低于6小时,就会开始积累大量的睡眠债,这会损害学生的健康和学习习惯。故此处“impair”的含义是损害。故选B项。ⅠⅡⅢ8.WhatsurprisedCreswellmost?A.Sleepcaninfluencecollegestudents’learning.B.Manycollegestudentsexperienceinsufficientsleep.C.Collegestudentshavepooracademicperformanceforlackofsleep.D.Thenegativeeffectofinsufficientsleeponcollegestudentswon’tdisappear.答案

D

解析

细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Most

surprising

to

me

was

that

no

matter

what

we

did

to

make

the

effect

go

away,it

persisted.”可知,最让Creswell惊讶的是睡眠不足对大学生的负面影响不会消失。故选D项。Ⅱ.完形填空ⅠⅡⅢReducingtheuseofplasticisabalancebetweenwhatyoucanaffordandwhatyoucanget.I’ve

1

alotfromaplastic-freelifestyle.Ithelpsme

2

mycarbonfootprintandsavemoney.

I’vefoundthatlivingplasticfreeisagreatwayto

3

mindlessonlineshopping.Nowadays,I

4

weighthepossibilityofreturninganorderbeforeIhitthe

5

button.DoIhavesomethingelseIcould

6

tomeetthisneed?IsthereaplaceIcangetit

7

soIdon’thavetodealwithalltheplasticit’llarrivein?

ⅠⅡⅢBesides,I’veslowly

8

thecollectionofthethingsthatIwant,andthataremadetolast.AnytimeIneedtoreplaceabigger-ticketitem,I’m

9

tolookforasecond-handversionofanicer,

10

item,whichIcanoftenfindforthesamepriceasanewbutlessdurable(耐用的)model.

Ofcourse,therearecertainsituationswhereplasticisthemost

11

choice.IrecentlyreorganizedmyclosetandfoundthatI

12

clearplasticcontainersformyoff-seasonclothing.Afterafew

13

tomyfavoriteneighborhoodcharityshop,IfoundasetofRubbermaidstoragecontainersthat

14

thebill.

ⅠⅡⅢLifewithoutplasticdoesn’ttakeplaceovernight.Devoteyourselftomakingafew

15

inyourdailyplasticuseandseewhereittakesyou.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章作者介绍了自己不用塑料的生活。ⅠⅡⅢ1.A.heard B.benefitedC.received D.suffered2.A.record B.rebuildC.reduce D.recall1.答案

B

解析

根据下文“save

money”,可知作者从无塑料的生活方式中“获益”。2.答案

C

解析

根据上文“I’ve

benefit

a

lot

from

a

plastic-free

lifestyle.”可知是“减少”碳足迹。ⅠⅡⅢ3.A.promote B.considerC.prevent D.experience4.A.hardly B.disappointedlyC.unfortunately D.carefully3.答案

C

解析

根据“mindless

online

shopping”可知是“阻止”盲目网购。4.答案

D

解析

根据“weigh

the

possibility

of

returning

an

order”,可知要仔细权衡退货的可能性。ⅠⅡⅢ5.A.purchase B.printC.repeat D.power6.A.repurpose B.abandonC.reward D.remember5.答案

A

解析

根据上文“I’ve

found

that

living

plastic

free

is

a

great

way

to

mindless

online

shopping.”和下文“Do

I

have

something

else”可知是在按下“购买键”之前仔细考虑。

6.答案

A

解析

根据“Do

I

have

something

else

I

could

to

meet

this

need?”可知是用其他东西来满足需求,即“改换它的用途”。

ⅠⅡⅢ7.A.abroad B.indoorsC.online D.locally8.A.sold B.offeredC.developed D.donated7.答案

D

解析

根据“so

I

don’t

have

to

deal

with

all

the

plastic

it’ll

arrive

in”,可知是网购带来很多包装塑料。“在当地”购买能减少这种塑料。8.答案

C

解析

根据“the

collection

of

the

things

that

I

want”可知是“逐渐养成”收集想要的东西的习惯。ⅠⅡⅢ9.A.eager B.embarrassed C.annoyed

D.sad 10.A.smaller-sized B.faster-moving C.better-shaped D.longer-lasting9.答案

A

解析

根据上文“Besides,I’ve

slowly

the

collection

of

the

things

that

I

want,and

that

are

made

to

last.”,可知作者已经养成这种习惯,因此需要更换大物件时,会“渴望”找到一个二手的。

10.答案

D

解析

根据上文“Besides,I’ve

slowly

the

collection

of

the

things

that

I

want,and

that

are

made

to

last.”,可知作者已经养成这种习惯,因此需要更换大物件时,会找更好看、“更耐用的”二手的。

ⅠⅡⅢ11.A.strange B.suitableC.dangerous D.difficult12.A.discovered B.designedC.ruined D.needed11.答案

B

解析

根据下文“clear

plastic

containers

for

my

off-season

clothing”和常识可知,有时候塑料容器是“最合适的”选择,因为可以重复利用。12.答案

D

解析

根据“clear

plastic

containers

for

my

off-season

clothing”可知,作者“需要”一个塑料储物箱来装过季的衣服。ⅠⅡⅢ13.A.solutions B.visitsC.roads D.exceptions14.A.fit B.payC.cut D.sent13.答案

B

解析

根据“my

favorite

neighborhood

charity

shop”可知,作者到访自己最喜欢的慈善商店,逛一逛,以找到一个合适的二手储物箱装过季的衣服。14.答案

A

解析

根据“I

found

a

set

of

Rubbermaid

storage

containers

that

the

bill.”可知,作者找到了“符合要求的”储物箱,fit

the

bill意为“刚好符合要求”,故选A项。

ⅠⅡⅢ15.A.comments B.notesC.changes D.stops答案

C

解析

根据上文“Life

without

plastic

doesn’t

take

place

overnight.”可知,没有塑料的生活要慢慢地“改变”。Ⅲ.读后续写ⅠⅡⅢ阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Thedaywhenthejobswerehandedoutwasoneofthemostexcitingforallthechildrenintheclass.Ittookplaceduringthefirstweekoftheterm.Onthatday,everyboyandgirlwasgivenajobforwhichtheywouldberesponsiblefortherestofthatschoolyear.ⅠⅡⅢAseverythingelse,somejobsweremoreinteresting,andthechildrenwereeagertobegivenoneoftheinterestingones.Whengivingthemout,theteachertookintoaccountwhichchildrenhadbeenmostresponsibleduringthepreviousyear,andthosechildrenwereusuallytheoneswhomostlookedforwardtothisday.AmongthemRitastoodout.Shewasakindandquietgirl;andduringthepreviousyearshehadcarriedouttheteacher’sinstructionsperfectly.AllthechildrenknewRitawasthefavouritetobegiventhebestjobofall—tolookaftertheclassdog.ⅠⅡⅢButthisyeartherewasabigsurprise.Eachchildreceivedoneofthenormaljobs,likepreparingthebooksortheradioforthelessons,tellingthetime,cleaningtheblackboard,andlookingafteroneofthepets.ButRita’sjobwasverydifferent.Shewasgivenalittleboxcontainingsomesandandsomeants.Andeventhoughtheteacherinsistedthattheywereveryspecialants,Ritacouldn’thelpfeelingdisappointed.Anyway,sheacceptedthetask.Mostofherclassmatesfeltsorryforher.Theysympathisedwithherandremarkedonhowunfairitwasthatshehadbeengiventhatjob.EvenRita’sfatherfeltsorryforher,andasanactofprotest,hetoldRitatopaynoattentiontothisinsignificantpet.However,Rita,wholikedherteacherverymuch,preferredtoshowtheteacherherabilitybydoingsomethingspecialwithsuchaninsignificanttask.“Iwillturnthis‘littletask’intosomethinggreat,”Ritasaidtoherself.ⅠⅡⅢ注意:1.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式作答。Tolearnmoreaboutherlittleants,RitaturnedtoDr.Martinez,afamousentomologist(昆虫学家).____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ⅠⅡⅢSeveralmonthslater,oneday,Dr.MartinezcametoRita’sclasstochooseayoungassistant.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________