扬州市扬州中学2023-2024学年高三英语第一学期期末学业水平测试试题含解析

扬州市扬州中学2023-2024学年高三英语第一学期期末学业水

平测试试题

注意事项

1.考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。

2.试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分必须用2B

铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。

3.考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。

第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

1.Notuntilhelefthishometoknowhowimportantthefamilywasforhim.

A.didhebeginB.hadhebegunC.hebeganD.hehadbegun

2.一WhatdoesPM2.5mean?

--It*saprofessional_____________indicatingtheconditionofairpollution.

A.numberB.mark

C.termD.item

3.Itwasannouncedthatonlywhenthefirewasundercontroltoreturnto

theirhomes.

A.theresidentswouldbepermitted

B.hadtheresidentsbeenpermitted

C.wouldtheresidentsbepermitted

D.theresidentshadbeenpermitted

4.---Sorry!I'mafraidthatIcan'tgotothemagicshowbyDavidCopperfieldwithyou.

A.Itdoesn'tmatter.

B.Doasyoulike.

C.Whatashame.

D.Takeiteasy.

5.FormanydaysIhavebeentryingtowhatitisthatmakesJacksoannoyed.

A.carryoutB.figureout

C,watchoutD.standout

6.Ifyoucometoourvillage,I'llshowyouaround.

A.willB.shallC.mustD.should

7.—Nancy,whatclassesareyoutakingthisterm?

一IwanttotaketwoEnglishcourses,ormaybeSpanish.

A.Whafsup?B.Ifsnoneofyourbusiness.C.I'venoidea.D.I'mnot

sureyet.

8.Itisbeyondawkwardwheneveryonearoundyoulaughingatajoke

thatyoudonotfindfunny,especiallyifit'sajoketoldinaforeignlanguage.

A.runintoB.burstsout

C.yellsoutD.fallsinto

9.Oncehemakesuphismindtodosomething,seldom_____giveitup.

A.hewillB.doeshe

C.wouldheD.willhe

10.—Thereareprobablyalienslivinghereonearth.

—!Ican'tbelieveyousaidthat.

A.ComeonB.Forgetit

C.GoaheadD.Allowme

11.twohoursdailyhasmadeconsiderabledifferencetomyphysical

condition.

A.TowalkB.Walking

C.WalkedD.Havingwalked

12.Peopleallthinkitstrangethattheboyshouldtellwhafswrittenonthepaperin

anotherroomwithoutlookingatit.Itreallyexplanation.

A.preventsB.challengesC.interruptsD.confuses

13.—Mum,Idon'tthinkIamqualifiedenoughtodothis.

—Honey,beconfident!Youshouldknowitisamanthinksofhimself___really

determineshisfate.

A.that;thatB.how;thatC.what;thatD.how;that

14.一Let'stake2icoffeebreak,shallwe?

-IwishI______butIhaveareallytightschedule.

A.canB.shallC.couldD.should

15.Bobmadeapromisetothemanagertheworkwouldallbefinishedon

time.

A.thatB.what

C.whichD.whether

16.Alargenumberofexcellentfilms_____allovertheworldoverthepastdecades.

A.haveproducedB.havebeenproduced

C.wereproducedD.produced

17.Youdidn'tletmedrive.Ifwebyturns,yousotired.

A.drove;didn'tgetB.drove;wouldn'tget

C.weredriving;wouldn'tgetD.haddriven;wouldn'thavegot

18.Takethenoteasareminderyouforgottobuysomesweetsforthekidswhile

shoppingthere.

A.howB.that

C,incaseD.evenif

19.Janerealizedhertobecomethefirstwomantorunthe10,000metreswithin30

minutes.

A.achievementB.commitment

C.competitionD.ambition

20.Ifyou'dwrittenearlier,I'dhaveknownwhenyoutogoonholiday.

A.wantB.havewantedC.wantedD.willwant

第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项

中，选出最佳选项。

21.（6分）Justayearago,thecolorswerebrightunderthewaves.Nowifs

gray—theMaldivianreefisdead.Thecoraliskilledbythepressureofrising

temperatures.

Coralreefsareareasunderwaterwheresmallcreatureslive.Thecoralishard

materialformedonthebottomoftheseabytheskeletonsofthosecreatures.Butthe

worldhaslostabouthalfitscoralreefsinthelast30years.Scientistsareworkingto

preventtheirdestruction.Duetoglobalwarming,over90percentofcoralsareexpected

todieby2050.“Tolosecoralreefsistofundamentallyunderminethehealthofavery

largeproportionofthehumanrace,“saidRuthGates,directoroftheHawaiiInstitute

ofMarineBiology.

Whyarecoralreefsimportant?Coralreefssupportafourthofallmarinespecies,

aswellashalfabillionpeopleworldwide.Theyserveasbarrierstoprotectcoastlines

fromthestorms.Theyprovidebillionsofdollarsfromtourism,fishingandothertrade.

Theyarealsousedinmedicalresearchforcuresfordiseases.^Everyoneshouldbe

concerned,MsaidbiologistOveGuldbergatAustralia'sUniversityofQueensland.66This

isnotjustsomedistantdivedestination.Thisisthebasicstructureoftheecosystemwe

dependon.”

Theoceanisgettingwarmer.ArisingtemperatureofjustonetotwodegreeCelsius

canforcecoraltoexpelthealgae（驱逐海藻）thatlivethere.Thisleavestheirwhite

skeletonsuncovered.Itisaprocesscalled“bleaching"，Sixteenpercentoftheworld's

coralsdiedofbleachingin1998.Theproblemhasbecomemuchworseinrecentyears.

“We'velost50percentofthereefs,butthatmeanswestillhave50percentleft,”

saidRuthGates,whoisworkinginHawaiitobreedcoralsthatcanbetterwithstand

increasingtemperatures.Sheisalsotryingto“train“coralstosurviverising

temperatures.Gatessaysitistimetostart“thinkingoutsidethebox“一Hndcreative

waystohelpthem.

1、Theunderlinedword“undermine”inparagraph2means.

A.weakenB.regainC.promoteD.overlook

2、WhafsthemajorconcernofthescientistslikeOveGuldberg?

A.Peoplewon'tfindadivedestinationinthefuture.

B.Theefforttosavecoralswillturnouttobefruitless.

C.Thedestructionofcoralreefswillaffecttheearthecosystem.

D.Thebrightseahaslostitscharmbecauseofthosedeadcorals.

3、Thefourthparagraphismainlyabout,

A.theharmofalgaeB.theprocessof“bleaching”

C.theimportanceofcoralreefsD.thechangeofoceantemperature

4、RuthGates9attitudetowardstheprotectionofcoralsis.

A.proudB.cautiousC.optimisticD.casual

22.（8分）Japanisagingfasterthananyothernation.Bytheendofthisdecade,

therewillbethreeretireesforeverychildunder15andbeforelong,oneinsixpeople

willbeover80.Itspopulationwillsoonbefallingbynearlyamillionpeopleeveryyear

andsomepeoplepredictthat,sometimeinthenextcentury,thelastJapaneseperson

willdie.Othercountriesareencouragingimmigrationtodealwiththeirdemographic

woes.ButnotJapan,whichisusingdifferentwaystoreducepressureputonhealthcare

andsocialservices.

TheToto-madetoilet,commoninJapanesehotels,canpushuptohelptheelderly.

NowTotoisworkingwithDaiwaHouse,Japan'slargesthousebuilder,toequiptoilets

forretirees.Thesehavemedicalsensorsthatmeasurebloodsugarlevels,theblood

pressureandbodyfatoftheuser.ThedataisemailedtothelocalGPthroughabuilt-in

internetdevice（装置）.Somakesureyoueatyourgreensandstayregular,orthedoctor

willbeintouch.

Theover-75saccountformorethanaquarterofthedeathsincaraccidentson

Japaneseroads.ToyotaisworkingwithProfessorKawashima,whodevelopedbrain

traininggamesforNintendo,tocreateintelligentcarsthatmonitorbrainactivityinthe

elderly.Othertechnologiescouldalsoworktokeepelderlydriverscautious.

Japanhastwiceasmanypetsasithaschildren.Butrealanimalsaredifficultto

lookafterastheirownersage.Paroisafurrywhitebabysealrobotwhichrespondsto

pettingbymovingitstailandopeningandclosingitseyes.Itshowsemotionssuchas

surprise,happinessandanger,andhassoldwellinnursinghomeswhereitisreported

tostimulate（刺激）responsesamongthosewithdementia（痴呆）.

Japan'sInstituteofPhysicalandChemicalResearchhasdevelopedRiba,anursing

carerobotthatcanlifttheelderlyoutofbed.

1、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“demographicwoes”referto?

A.Retirementage.B.Publicfinance.

C.Populationproblems.D.Employmentdifficulties.

2、Whafsthemainfunctionofthetoiletsforretirees?

A.Givingthemfirstaid.B.Monitoringtheirhealth.

C.Helpingthemsendemails.D.Sendingthemoffthetoilet.

3、Whatdoweknowaboutthesealrobot?

A.Itishardtolookafter.B.Itsellswellinnurseries.

C.Itonlymakesapositiveresponse.D.Itiswellreceivedinnursinghomes.

4、HowdoesJapanimprovethehealthcarefortheelderly?

A.Byadvocatingcompaniesworktogether.

B.Byswitchingtolife-longtrainingclasses.

C.Bydevelopinghi-techproductsandservices.

D.BycorrectingmedicalpersonnePsserviceattitudes.

23.（8分）Apartfrompsychologicalillness9wearealllargelyresponsiblefor

ourownemotionalhealth.Whatwesaytoourselvesoverandoverfordays,weeks,

months,andsometimesyears,hasagreateffectonhowweseeourselves.Thisalso

contributestomanymentalhealthdisorders.

Manyofushaveproblemswithnegativethoughtsplayingonthechannelofour

minds,butifyou'reburiedinthemandbelievethem,theycouldbewearingyoursense

ofself-esteem.Hereareafewbeliefsthatindicateyoumayneedtoswitchthechannel：

I'mnotgoodenough?/Idon'tdeserve...?/Noonelikesme?/I'mafailure?

Negativethoughtsremindyouofyourbadfeelingsandtheybringyourfocuson

yourfailures,andtheygetyounowhere.

Whatcanyoudo?Herearesomesuggestions：

Switchthechannelwhennegativethoughtsappear.Self-talkisnotsoobviousthat

weoftendon'tnoticeitseffectonourmoodandbeliefsystems.Keythingstonoticeare

“ifonly”or“whatif5'statements:theformerkeepsyoucaughtinthepastwithregret,

whilethelatterkeepsyoufearfulofthefuture.Thereisnothingyoucandoaboutthe

past,andthefutureisn'thereyet,sostayinthepresentmoment.

Recognizethatactionsalwaysfollowbeliefs.You'llfindyourselfbehavinginways

thatareconsistenttoyourbeliefs.So,startbelievingthebestaboutyourself：actasif

youbelievethatyou'reavaluableandworthyperson.

Developpositiveselftalkratherthannegativeself-talk.Insteadofalwayslooking

downuponyourselfinyourhead,thinkofsomethingsyouactuallylikeaboutyourself.

Whatareyourstrengths?Whatareyougoodat?Insteadofsaying“Pmaloser”，try

saying,“Iamcapable./I'mgoodat.../IacceptmyselfthewayIam.”

Thinkingpoorlyaboutourselvesgetsusnowhereandisextremelyself-limiting.

Decidetodaytoturnoffthenegativeself-talkchannelinyourmindanddevelopyour

truepotential.

1>Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswecanlearnthat.

A.lotsofpeoplehavenosenseofself-esteem

B.focusingonnegativethoughtsmayhavebadeffectonpeople

C.negativethoughtswillstrengthenoursenseofself-esteem

D.fewpeoplehavenegativethoughtsandmentalproblems

2、Theunderlinedword“wearing“inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto.

A.strengtheningB.protecting

C.weakeningD.replacing

3、Whatdothesuggestionsinthetexttellus?

A.Ourbeliefsalwayscomeafteractions.

B.Positiveself-talkdoesgoodtoourmentalhealth.

C.Lookingdownuponourselvesisasignofmodesty.

D.”Whatif9keepsyoustuckinthepastwithregret.

4、Thetextencouragesusto・

A.getridofnegativethoughts

B.getanywherewelike

C.thinkhighlyofothers

D.turnofftheself-talkchannel

5、Thistextismostlikelytoappearin.

A.arecreationguideB.amedicaljournal

C.asciencetextbookD.atravelbrochure

24.（8分）Dogsandhumanshavebeenlivingside-by-sideforabout15,000years,

buttherearetonsoffactsaboutdogsthatperhapswehaveneverheardof.

Nightvision

Dogshavegoodnightvision.Theirlargepupilsletmorelightinandtherods（视杆

细胞）workbetterinpoorlight.Butthebiggestfactoristhetapetum（反光组织）,which

reflectlightatthebackoftheeye.Besides,dogs'whiskers（胡须）alsohelpthem“see”in

thedarkbecausetheypickuponverysmallchangesinair,providingdogswith

informationaboutthesize,shape,andspeedofthingsnearby.

Secrettailcode

Dogscanusetheirtailstocommunicate.Theywagtheirtailstotherightwhenthey

arerelaxedorhappy,andtotheleftwhennervousorthreatened.Whenthey're

aggressive,thetailswillstickstraight-upintheair.Abroadwagisfriendlywhileaslow

wagisneutral,neitherexcitednoranxious.

Dreams

Weoftenseeadog'sbodymakingsuddenmovementsinitssleep.Dogshavethe

samebrainwavepatternsashumans'whiletheyareasleep,sotheydreamjustlikewe

do.

Supernose

Dogscanfindtheirwayhomedespitelongdistances.Theirnosesareavitalpartof

theirincrediblesenseofdirection.Thepartofadog'sbrainthatcontrolssmellis40

timeslargerthanhumans'.They'reabletofollowsmellsformiles.Furthermore,dogs

haveanamazingabilitytorecognizethesmellsgivenoffbytheabnormalcellsinhuman

bodies,includingcancer.Thisissomethingscientistsareeagertoexplorefurther.And

interesting,adog's“fingerprint”isonitsnose.Thepatternsondogs'nosesareso

distinctthattheycanactuallybeusedtoidentifytheanimals.

Asixthsense

Dogsactstrangelybeforesomethingbad,likeastormorearthquake,happens,for

theyaresensitivetolowfrequenciesthathumanscan'tsense.Sodon'tlettheirstrange

behaviorgounnoticednexttime.Itcouldsaveyourlife.

1、Whichofthefollowingindirectlyhelpsdogsseewellinthedark?

A.Theirrods.B.Theirtapetum.

C.Theirwhiskers.D.Theirpupils.

2、Ifadogholdsupthetail,itindicates,

A.happinessB.attack

C.friendlinessD.relaxation

3、Whathasn'tbeendiscoveredaboutadog?

A.Whyitcansensenaturaldisasters.B,Whyithasanacutesenseofsmell.

C.Whatemotionsitshowswithitstail.D.Howitcansmellhumans9illnesses.

4、Inwhatwayaredogslikehumans?

A.Theydreamwhentheysleep.B.Theyhavegoodnightvision.

C.Theyhavedistinctnosepatterns.D.Theycanreacttolowfrequencies.

25.（10分）Whetheryouwentinforahugonlylobemetwithahandshake,or

simplyhadafallinfrontofacrowdedroom,you'reprobablywonderingwhattodo

next.Avoidtheawkwardnessorconfrontit?Accordingtoresearch,you41wanttodoa

bitofboth.

Inonestudy,JoshuaW.Clegg,anassociateprofessorofpsychologyatJohnJay

CollegeofCriminalJustice,foundthatthefirstthingyoushoulddoisacknowledgethe

situation.Hewrote,“Directresponseswereassociatedwithare-establishedsenseof

socialharmony.Henotedthisisoftenbestdonethroughhumor-sayingsomethingas

simpleas“Awkward”canputyouatease.Remindingothersofyourmistakeswillonly

drawthemomentout,andcanmakethingsmoreun-comfortable.

Facingthesituationhead-onalsohelpsyourealizehowmuchofanon-eventmost

awkwardmomentsare.Withdrawing,ontheotherhand,“canactuallymakethat

anxietyandthatsenseofawkwardnessworsebecauseyou'renotgettingtofindoutthat

youcanrecover,BethanyTeachman,aprofessorintheUniversityofVirginian's

DepartmentofPsychology,said.

Nowthatyou'vefacedthesituation——maybeevenlaugheditoff-letitgo.Still

feelinguneasy?Rememberthatembarrassmentisnormal,uItisthepricewepayfor

beingmessy,imperfect,normalhumans,SusanDavid,PhD,aHarvardMedicalSchool

psychologist,said."Akeypartofmovingonfromembarrassmentistopractice

self-compassionandself-forgiveness.Whenyourecognizethatyouareonlyhumanand

imperfect,justlikeallotherhumansareimperfect,itgivesuspermissiontoletgoofthe

pastembarrassmentwiththeknowledgethatwedidourbest."

1、WhatisJoshuaW.Clegg'ssuggestionaboutthesituation?

A.Torunawayfromit.B.Tospeakoutyourfeelingdirectly.

C.Tocoveryourfacetoprotectyourself.D.Torememberthepeoplelaughingat

you.

2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword人Withdrawing”inParagraph3mean?

A.Gettingback.B.Movingaway.

C.Comingfrom.D.Stoppingfrom.

3、Whichofthefollowingiswiserandbetterwhenpeopleface“awkwardness”？

A.Totrytorecoversoon.B.Topretendtobeallright.

C.Toactskillfullyandbravely.D.Toavoidwhatotherpeoplesay.

4、Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanwereadthetext?

A.Advice.B.Health.

C.Education.D.Entertainment.

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文,

从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.

26.（30分）完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空

白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

WhenJeanHarperwasinthethirdgrade,herteachergavetheclassanassignmentto

writeareportonwhattheywantedtobewhentheygrewup.

Jean*sfatherwasacropduster1inthelittlefarmingcommunitywhereJeanwas

raised.Shewastotally2byairplanesandflying.She3herheartintoher

report.However,herpapercamebackwithannFnonit.Theteachersaiditwasa

nfairytale"andit4cometrue.Jeanwasbeatendownbythe5

Severalyearswentby,Jeanwasinher6yearofhighschool.OnedayherEnglish

teacher,Mrs.Slaton,gavetheclassa7aboutwhattheywouldbedoing10years

later.Jeanthoughthardaboutit.Pilot?8Flightattendant?I'mnotprettyenough.

Waitress?Icoulddothat.Thatfelt,soshewroteitdown.

Oneweeklater,theteacherhandedbacktheassignmentsandasked:"Ifyouhad

unlimited9,whatwouldyoudo?”Jeanfeltarushoftheoldenthusiasm,andwith

10shewrotedownallherold11Whenthestudentsstoppedwriting,the

teacherasked,66Howmanystudentswrotethe12thingonthepaper?”Notone

hand13Thentheteachersaid,66allofyoudo14unlimitedabilities.Ifyou

don't15yourdreams,noonewilldoitforyou.Youcanhavewhatyouwantifyou

wantit16

Mrs.Slaton'sinspiringwords17thecourseofJean'slife.Aftertenyearsofhard

work,18Jeanbecameoneofthefirstthree19pilottraineeseveraccepted

byUnitedAirlines.

1、A.workerB.makerC.driverD.pilot

2、A.attractedB.beatenC.frightenedD.waken

3、A.turnedB.putC.pouredD.translated

4、A.mustn'tB.couldn'tC.mightD.should

5、A.explanationB.taleC.discouragementD.paper

6、A.seniorB.newC.longD.hard

7、A.lessonB.taskC.projectD.topic

8、A.NowayB.NoproblemC.QuietrightD.Ofcourse

9、A.coolB,interestingC.safeD.fancy

10、A.moneyB.timeC.imaginationD.talent

11>A.excitementB.curiosityC.carelessnessD.anger

12>A.opinionsB.questionsC.dreamsD.sorrows

13、A.realB,importantC.difficultD.same

14、A.wentonB,wentupC.keptonD.keptup

15、A.lackB.wantC.possessD.find

16、A.lookintoB.goforC.tryonD.careabout

17、A.enoughB.tooC.thoughD.again

18、A.startedB.movedC.changedD.made

19>A.surprisinglyB.strangelyC.naturallyD.eventually

20>A.femaleB,youngC.beautifulD.Super

第二节(每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或

括号内单词的正确形式。

27.(15分)Increasingly,Americansarebecomingtheirowndoctorsbygoingto

diagnosetheirsymptoms,orderhomehealthtestsormedicaldevices,orevenself-treat

theirillnesseswithdrugsfromInternetpharmacies(药店).Someavoiddoctorsbecause

ofthehighcostofmedicalcare,especially!,theylackhealthinsurance.Ortheymay

stayawaybecausetheyfindit2.(embarrass)todiscusstheirweight,smoking,alcohol

consumptionorcouchpotatohabits.Patientsmayalsofearwhattheymightlearnabout

theirhealth,ortheydistrustphysiciansbecauseofnegative3.(experience)inthepast.

But4.(play)doctorcanalsobeadeadlygame.

Everyday,morethansixmillionAmericansturntotheInternet5^_medical

answers--andmostofthemaren'tnearlyscepticalenoughofwhattheyfind.A2002

surveybythePewInternet&AmericanLifeProjectfoundthat72percentof

those6^_（survey）believeallormostofwhattheyreadonhealthwebsites.Theyshouldn't

lookup“headache“andthechancesoffinding7.（rely）andcompleteinformation,free

fromamotivationforcommercialgain,8.（be）onlyoneinten,reportsanApril2005

BrownMedicalSchoolstudy.Ofthe169websitestheresearchersrated,only16scored

as"highquality95.Recentstudiesfoundfaultyfactsaboutallsortsofotherdisorders,

causingoneresearchteamtowarnthatalargeamountofincomplete,inaccurateand

evendangerous9.（inform）existsontheInternet.

Theproblemismostpeopledon'tknowthesafewaytosurftheWeb."Theyusea

searchenginelikeGoogle,get18trillionchoicesandstartclicking.Butthat'srisky,

becausealmostanybodycanputupasitethatlooksauthoritative（权威的），soifshard

toknowifwhatyou'rereadingis10.（reason）ornot,“saysDr.SarahBassfromthe

NationalCancerInstitute.

第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）

28.（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下

作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、

删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Weliveinthecountryside>Mostofwhichweseeisbeautyandnature>Oneofthe

exceptionstothebeautyisthelittersomepeoplethrowouttheirwindowsastheyare

drivingontheroads>Oneofthefewdrawbackstolivinginthecountrysideisthat

publicservice,suchaslittercollection,arelittleavailablethantheyareclosertothe

city>

Ahelpinghabitthatmyfamilypractiseregularlyarepickinguplitterinour

surroun