2021.06.11 航空器航油系统概述 Pilot Operating Handbook Excerpts-Master

PIPERAIRCRAFTCORPORATION

SECTION4

PA-31-325,NAVAJOC/R

NORMALPROCEDURES

SHORTFIELDTAKEOFF

Brakes.

hold

Throttles.

fullforward

Manifoldpressure

checked

Propspeed

2575RPM

Brakes

release

Rotate

71KIAS

Accelerateto

barrierspeed(87KIAS)

Alterthebarrierhasbeencleared:

Gear

retract

Flaps

retract

Accelerateto.

BestSingleEngine

AngleofClimbSpeed

(93KIAS)

CLIMB

MaximumNormalOperatingPower(when

safelyclearofobstaclesorterrain)

39.5\"MP,2400RPM

Mixture(28GPHmin.475°CHT

max.,1500°EGTmax.)

LEAN

Cowlflaps

asrequired

Emergencyfuelpumps

OFF

Airconditioner

asdesired

Seatbeltsandnosmokingsign.

asrequired

Oxygen

asrequired

CRUISE

Fuelselectors.

OUTBOARDORINBOARD

Power

.set

Cowlflaps

asrequired

Mixture

leaned

ISSUED:SEPTEMBER17,1979

REPORT:LK-1207

REVISED:FEBRUARY20,1981

4-9

PIPERAIRCRAFTCORPORATION

SECTION7

PA-31-325,NAVAJOC/R

DESCRIPTION&OPERATION

Thethreerheostatsfeedbacktotheamplifierthesignalsnecessaryto

operatethesystem.Onerheostatislocatedintheflappositionselectorand

oneeachislocatedsoastosensethepositionsoftherightandleftflaps

independently.Theselectorrheostatsignalstheamplifier,activatingthe

motor,whichpositionstheflaps.Theleftflaprheostatcontrolsflapposition

inrelationtotheselectorrheostatpositionandprovidesinformationtothe

amplifiertodrivethepositionindicator.Therightflaprheostatmustagree

withtheleftflaprheostatwithin5°atalltimesorthesystemwillshutdown

andcannotbereactivateduntiltheimbalanceand/orthecausehasbeen

corrected.

ThesystemalsoincorporatesaFLAPannunciatorlightthatwillilluminate|

whenanimbalanceexistsbetweentherightandleftwingflaprheostatsora

criticalcomponentoftheamplifierhasfailed.

Beforetakeoff,theoperationoftheFLAPannunciatormaybechecked

whiletheflapsareintransit,bypushingthetestswitchlocatedadjacenttothe

flappositionindicator.

7.19FUELSYSTEM

Thefuelsystemconsistsoffuelcells,enginedrivenfuelpumps,fuel

boostpumps,emergencyfuelpumps,fuelinjectors,controlvalves,fuel

filters,fuelpressureandflowgauges,fueldrainsandnon-icingNACAfuel

tank.ventsandafuelselectorpanel.(Figure7-15).Lockablefillercapsare

availableasoptionalequipment.

Fuelisstoredinfourflexiblefuelcells,twoineachwing.Theoutboard

fuelcellshaveacapacityof40U.S.gallonseach,andtheinboardcellshavea

capacityof56U.S.gallonseach,providingatotalfuelcapacityof192

gallons,183.4ofwhichareusable.Eachindividualfuelcellincorporatesits

ownfuelsenders,screenedoutlet,sumpdrainvalve,ventlinecheckvalves

andfillerassembliesavailablewithoptionallightningshieldedcaps.

Thefourfuelsumpdrainsforthefueltanksarelocatedalongthe

bottomofthewings:onejustoutboardofeachwheelwellandoneonthe

inboardofeachwingnearthewingrootfilletplateassemblies.Onthefuel

filterassemblies,attachedtotheinboardwingribs,arefuelfilterdrains,

accessiblethroughadooronthebottomofthewingrootfilletplate.A

crossfeeddrainislocatedontheleftwingrootfilletplateinboardofthetank

drain.Allofthefueldrainsincorporatequickdrainvalvestoprovidespeedy

fuelcontaminationchecks.(RefertoSection8-AirplaneHandling,

ISSUED:SEPTEMBER17,1979

REPORT:LK-1207

REVISED:MAY4,1990

7-19

SECTION7

PIPERAIRCRAFTCORPORATION

DESCRIPTION&OPERATION

PA-31-325,NAVAJOC/R

Therightandleftwingfuelsystemsareindependentofeachotherand

areconnectedonlywhenthecrossfeedsystemisactivated.Undernormal

operation,fuelisroutedfromthefuclcells,throughtheselectorvalveand

fuelfiltertothefuelboostpump.Fuelfromthefuelboostpumptravels

throughtheemergencyfuelpump,thefirewallshutoffvalveandtheengine

drivenfuelpumptothefuelinjectorandthentothecylinders.

Emergencyfuelpumpsareinstalledtoprovidefuelpressureintheevent

anenginedrivenpumpfails.Theemergencyfuelpumpsarealsousedunder

normalconditionsfortakeoff,landingand,whennecessary,primingthe

engines.Leftandrightemergencyfuelpumpswitchesarelocatedonthe

overheadpaneltotherightofthefuelgauges.

Thefuelboostpumpsareoperatedcontinuouslyandareprovidedto

maintainfuelunderpressuretotheotherfuelpumps,improvingthealtitude

performanceofthefuelsystem.Eachfuelboostpumpiscontrolledbya

separatecircuitbreakerlocatedinthecircuitbreakercontrolpanel.Thefuel

boostpumpsareactivatedwhenthemasterswitchisturnedonandcontinue

tooperateuntilthemasterswitchisturnedofforthefuelboostpumpcircuit

breakersarepulled(off).Redfuelboostpumpwarninglights,mountedin

theannunciatorpanel,provideavisualindicationofaninoperativefuel

boostpump.Thelightsincorporateapress-to-testbuttonwhich,when

depressed,shouldilluminatebothlights.Ifafuelboostpumpinoperative

indication(lighton)occursinflight,itshouldnotbenecessarytoturnthe

emergencyfuelpumponunlessthefuelpressurefallsbelow30psi.

Twoelectricfuelquantitygaugesaremountedintheoverheadswitch

panel.Therightfuelquantitygaugeindicatesthequantityoffuelinthe

selectedrightfuelsystemtank(rightinboardorrightoutboard),andtheleft

fuelquantitygaugeindicatesthequantityoffuelintheselectedleftfuel

systemtank(leftinboardorleftoutboard).Thefuelgaugesareconnected

electricallytomicroswitchesmountedinthefuelselectorconsole.Thefucl

sendersarealsoconnectedelectricallytothemicroswitches.Whenafuel

tankisselected,itscorrespondingmicroswitchisactuated,completingthe

circuitbetweenthefuelsendersandthefuelquantitygauge,providinga

visualreadingofthefuelquantityintheselectedtank.Thegaugesare

illuminated,andthelightsarecontrolledbyarheostatswitchontheleftside

oftheoverheadswitchpanel.

REPORT:LK-1207

ISSUED:SEPTEMBER17,1979

7-20

REVISED:FEBRUARY20,1981

SECTION7

DESCRIPTION&OPERATION

REPORT:LK-1207

7-21

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Figure7-15

PIPERAIRCRAFTCORPORATION

ISSUED:SEPTEMBER17,1979

O

PA-31-325,NAVAJOC/R

寸

SECTION7

PIPERAIRCRAFTCORPORATION

DESCRIPTION&OPERATION

PA-31-325,NAVAJOC/R

Fuelflowandfuelpressurefortheleftandrightenginefuelsystems

aremonitoredbyadualfuelflowgaugeandadualfuelpressuregauge.

Thefuelflowgauge,mountedeitherinthetopareaortherightedgeareaof

theunderportionoftheinstrumentpanel,measuresboththerightandleft

enginefuelsystemfuelflowinU.S.gallonsperhour.Thefuelpressure

gauge,mountedontheinstrumentpanelaboveandtotherightofthe

copilot'scontrolcolumn,measuresthefuelpressureinpoundspersquare

inchforboththeleftandrightenginefuelsystems.

WARNING

Ifeithertherightorleftfuelflowwarninglight

illuminatesandthefuelgaugeindicatesfuel

remaininginthecorrespondinginboardtank,this

willindicateamalfunctionoftheflapperdoorinthe

inboardtank.Immediatelyselecttheoutboardtank

orselectcrossfeedtoavoidfuelflowinterruption.

Rightandleftfuelflowwarninglightsilluminatetowarnthepilotofan

impendingfuelflowinterruption.Thelightsareactivatedbyasensingprobe

mountedneareachinboardfueltankoutlet.Intheeventthefuellevelnear

thetankoutletdropstoapointwhereafuelflowinterruptionandpowerloss

couldoccur,thesensingprobewillilluminateitscorrespondingwarning

light.Thewarninglightwillbeonforaminimumof10secondsandwill

remainonifthecauseisnotcorrected.Thewarninglightsareincorporated

intheannunciatorpanel.Forpress-to-testprocedures,refertoParagraph

7.25.

Thefuelmanagementcontrols(Figure7-17)arelocatedinthefuel

systemcontrolpanelmountedbetweenthefrontseatsontheforwardedge

ofthewingsparcarry-throughcover.Locatedonthefuelcontrolpanelare

thefueltankselectors,firewallfuelshutoffsandthecrossfeedcontrols.A

fuelcontrolpanellightandswitcharemountedatthetopofthepanel.

Duringnormaloperationofthefuelsystem,eachengineissupplied

withfuelfromitsrespectivefuelsupply.Selectionofthecontrolsonthe

rightsideofthecontrolpanelprovidesfuelfromtherightinboardor

outboardfuelcellstotherightengineandleftfuelcontrolselection

providesfuelfromtheleftinboardoroutboardfuelcellstotheleftengine.

Foremergencies,fuelfromonesystemcansupplytheoppositeengine

throughtheuseofthecrossfeedsystem.Thecrossfeedvalveislocatedat

theinboardribassemblyoftheleftwingbuttareaandisintendedfor

emergencyuseonly.Thecrossfeediscontrolledbyaknobinthecenterof

thefuelcontrolpanel,andunderallnormalconditionsshouldbeintheoff

(aft)position.

REPORT:LK-1207

ISSUED:SEPTEMBER17,1979

7-22

REVISED:JULY25,2005

PIPERAIRCRAFTCORPORATION

SECTION7

PA-31-325,NAVA.JOC/R

DESCRIPTION&OPERATION

FUELSYSTEMCONTROLPANEL

Figure7-17

ISSUED:SEPTEMBER17,1979

REPORT:LK-1207

7-23

SECTION7

PIPERAIRCRAFTCORPORATION

DESCRIPTION&OPERATION

PA-31-325,NAVA.JOC/R

NOTE

Thecrossfeedsystemisnotintendedfornormal

operation.Whenthecrossfeedvalveison,be

certainthefuelselectorvalveonthetanknotin

useisoff,andtheproceduresoutlinedin

Section3-EmergencyProceduresare

followed.

Emergencyfirewallfuelshutoffvalvesareinstalledinboththeright

andleftenginefuelsystems.Thevalvesareactuatedbycontrolsontheleft

andrightsidesofthefuelsystemcontrolpanel.Sincethefirewallshutoff

valuesareintendedforemergencyuseonly,theyareprovidedwithcovers

whichmustbeliftedbeforethevalvescanbeturnedoff.Thecoversare

designedtopresentthemfrombeingclosedwhenthefirewallshutoffvalve

controlsareintheoffposition,preventinginadvertentactivationand

insuringanormalvalve-openpositionwiththecoverclosed.Thevalvesare

openwhentheleverisdown.

Fueltosupplythecombustionheaterisprovidedbytherightengine

fuelsystem.(Refertoparagraph7.39inthissection.)

7.21ELECTRI