比较级最高级用法

在英语常用下列方式表示的词:在形容词或副词前加more（Mmorenatural,moreclearly）或加后缀-er（newer,sooner）。典型的是指形容词或副词所表示的质、量或关系的增加。英语句子中，将比较两个主体的方法叫做“比较句型”。其中，像明比8更……”的表达方式称为比较级；而幺最……”的表达方式则称为最高级。组成句子的方式是将形容词或副词变化成比较级或最高级的形态。一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则1一般单音节词和少数以-0r，-0亚结尾的双音节词，比较级在后面加-0r，最高级在后面加-est;（1）单音节词如：smallfsmallerfsmallestshortfshorteishortesttallftallerftallestgreatfgreaterfgreatest（2）双音节词如：cleverfclevererfcleverestnarrowfnarrowerfnarrowest.以不发音0结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-「，最高级在原级后加-由如：largeflargerflargestnicefnicerfnicestablefablerfablest.在重读闭音节（即：辅音+元音+辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er,最高级加-est；如：bigfbiggerfbiggesthotfhotterfhottestfatffatterffattest.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，把旷改为》,比较级加-0r，最高级加-6由如：easyfeasierfeasiestheavyfheavier—heaviestbusyfbusierfbusiesthappyfhappierfhappiest.其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加m。电最高级在前面加团。品如：beautifulfmorebeautifulfmostbeautifuldifferentfmoredifferentfmostdifferenteasilyfmoreeasilyfmosteasily注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词由6,副词最高级前可不用。例句：TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.（2）形容词团。以前面没有由©,不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常"。Itisamostimportantproblem.=Itisaveryimportantproblem..有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。如：goodfbetter—bestwellfbetter—bestbadfworse—worstill—worse—worstold—older/elder—oldest/eldestmany/much—more—mostlittle—less—leastfar—further/farther—furthest/farthest二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法“A+be+形容词比较级+than+B”意思为“A比B更……”。如：Thistreeistallerthanthatone,这棵树比那棵树高。注意：①在含有连词此2口的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一畴，即同类事物之间的比较。②在比较级前面使用much,表示程度程度“强得多”。如：Awatermelonismuchbiggerthananapple.③very,quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。“比较级+and+比较级”或“moreandmore+原级”表示“越来越……”如：Itbeeswarmerandwarmerwhenspringes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。Itisgettingcoolerandcooler.天气越来越凉爽。Thewindbecamemoreandmoreheavily.风变得越来越大。Ourschoolisbeingmoreandmorebeautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。在含有。厂的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如：Whoistaller,TimorTom?谁更高，Tim还是Tom?“the+比较级……,the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”。Themoremoneyyoumake,themoreyouspend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。Thesooner，thebetter.越快越好。表示倍数的比较级用法：.Ais…timesthesize/height/length/widthofB.如：Thenewbuildingisthreetimestheheightoftheoldone.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。（新楼是旧楼的四倍高）.Ais…timesasbig/high/long/wide/largeasB.如：AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。（亚洲比欧洲大三倍）.Ais…timeslarger/higher/longer/widerthanB.如：Ourschoolistwicebiggerthanyours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示围的词或短语。如：ofthethree,inourclass等等。如：Heisthetallestinourclass.他在我们班里是最高的。."否定词语+比较级"，"否定词语+so…as”结构表示最高级含义。Nothingissoeasyasthis.=Nothingiseasierthanthis.=Thisistheeasiestthing..比较级与最高级的转换：Mikeisthemostintelligentinhisclass.Mikeismoreintelligentthananyotherstudentinhisclass.修饰比较级和最高级的词可修饰比较级的词.abit,alittle,rather,much,far,byfar,many,alot,lots,agreatdeal,any,still,even等。.还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。.以上词（除byfar^LM须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较围。（错）Tomisthetallestofhisthreebrothers.（对）Tomisthetallestofthethreebrothers.2）下列词可修饰最高级：byfar,far,much,mostly,almost。Thishatisnearly/almostthebiggest.注意：丫0»可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。Thisistheverybest.Thisismuchthebest.序数词通常只修饰最高级。Africaisthesecondlargestcontinent..要避免重复使用比较级。（错）Heismoreclevererthanhisbrother.（对）Heismorecleverthanhisbrother.（对）Heisclevererthanhisbrother..要避免将主语含在比较对象中。（错）ChinaislargerthatanycountryinAsia.（对）ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia..要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofBeijing.Itiseasiertomakeaplanthantocarryitout..要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。比较：Whichislarger,CanadaorAustralia?Whichisthelargercountry,CanadaorAustralia?Sheistallerthanhertwosisters.Sheisthetallerofthetwosisters.三.典型例题 Areyoufeeling ? Yes，I'mfinenow.A.anywellB.anybetterC.quitegoodD.quitebetter答案：B.any可修饰比较级，口陋16修饰原级，well的比较级为better.2）Theexperimentwas easierthanwehadexpected.A.moreB.muchmoreC.muchD.moremuch答案：C.much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more,因此C为正确答案。3）Iftherewerenoexaminations,weshouldhave___atschool.A.thehappiesttimeB.amorehappiertimeC.muchhappiesttimeD.amuchhappiertime答案：D。比较级和最高级的用法.两者相比（甲=乙），用匕$+原级+@$”表示TomisastallasMike..两者相比（甲〈乙），用“notas（so）+原级+as”或“lessthan”表示Ididn’tdomyhomeworkso（as）carefullyasyou.Thepictureislessattractivethanthatone..两者相比（甲〉乙），用“比较级+than”表示Ourcityismorebeautifulthananyothercityinourcountry.注意：1）为了避免重复，在从句中常用^©,that,those等词来代替前面提过的名词。TheweatherhereiswarmerthanthatofShanghai.Theradiosmadeinourfactoryarebetterthanthoseinyourfactory.2）比较等级应注意避免和包括自己的对象比。比较级+than+anyother+单数名词alltheother+复数名词anyoneelseanyoftheother+复数名词3）如果形容词作定语修饰一个单数可数名词，一般将不定冠词a/an放在形容词之后。Ourneighbourhas ours.asabighouseasasbigahouseasthesamebighouseashousethesamebigas4）比较级前一般不用冠词，但若表示“两者中较……时”。比较级前要加定冠词。若比较级后有名词，常在比较级前加不定冠词，表示泛指。E.g.他是两者中较高的一个Heisthetallerofthetwo.她唱得真动听！我可从未听过比这更好的嗓音了。Howbeautifullyshesings!Ihaveneverheardabettervoice.4.三者或三者以上相比，表示最高级时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示，这种句式一般常有表示比较围的介词短语。ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.Heworks（the）hardestinhisclass.ThatwastheleastexcitingfootballgameI’veeverwatched.ThishotelisthemostfortableI’veeverstayed.注意：当最高级的前面无限定词由0或有不定冠词2/2口时，仅表示“很……，非常……”Mondayismybusiestday.星期一是我很忙的一天。Qingdaoisamost（very）beautifulcoastalcity.是一个非常美丽的海滨城市。比较级的一些其他用法倍数表示方法a） 倍数+@$+形容词/副词原级+asb）倍数+形容词/副词比较级+thanc） 倍数+the+n.+ofThisropeisthreetimeslongerthanthatone.（这条绳子比那条长三倍。）Thisropeisthreetimesaslongasthatone.（这条绳子是那条绳子的三倍。）Thisropeisthreetimesthelengthofthatone.（这条绳子比那条绳子长三倍。）2用形容词比较级的否定形式，从反面来表示最高级，通常译为“没有比……更……”Nootherbookhasagreatereffectonmylife.没有哪一本书比这本书对我的影响更大的了。=Thisbookhasthegreatesteffectonmylife.考例：—Goforapiicthisweekend,OK?-- .Ilovegettingclosetonature.A.Icouldn’tagreemoreB.I’mafraidnot.C.IbelievenotD.Idon’tthinkso.moreandmore越来越……Ourcityisgettingbiggerandbigger.Ourcityisgettingmoreandmorebeautiful.themore…themore…越……就越……Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.Thebusiertheoldmanis,thehappierhefeels.Themoreintelligentstudentsare,themorequicklytheyunderstandideas.可用下列词来修饰形容词的比较级muchalotslightlyalittlealmostfarabitstill课时五祈使句祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语旷加常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。1.肯定的祈使句（1）动词原形+其他 Standup,please.=Pleasestandup.请起立。（2）Be+n./adj.Beagoodboy!要做一个好孩子!Becareful!=Lookout!=Takecare!小心/当心！（3）Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分Letmehelpyou.让我来帮你。Let’sgotoschooltogether.咱们一起上学去吧。2.否定的祈使句（1）Don't+动词原形Don'tstandup.别站起来。Don'tbecareless.别粗心。Don'tletthemplaywithfire.别让他们玩火。（2）Let型的否定式有两种:“Don't+let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和工矶+宾语 +not+动词原形+其它成分”。Don'tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.别让他走。Letthemnotplaywithfire.别让他们玩火。（3）no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。Nosmoking!禁止吸烟川。fishing!禁止钓鱼！3.祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。例如：Doshutup!快住口！4.祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won't。在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点： 1）形式一致（即Yes与will保持一致；No与won’t保持一致）2）意思相反（即丫6$是“不”的意思；No是“是"的意思）。在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。如：---Don’tgoout,please.It’srainingheavilyoutside.请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。 Yes,Iwill.Ihavetomeetmybrotherattheairport.不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。5.祈使句的反意疑问句(1)肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用willyou或won'tyou。Pleaseopenthedoor,will/won’tyou?请把门打开，好吗？(2)否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用willyou。Don'tbelateagain,willyou?别再迟到了，行不行？(3)以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shallwe。Let'sturnontheTV,shallwe?我们把电视打开，好吗？＜特别注意＞只有以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用$八Mwe,而letus开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为willyou或won'tyou,如：Letusstayhere,will/won'tyou?请(你)让我们留在这好吗？一、单项选择：Please ,they’rehavingameeting,A,notbesonoisyB,bequiteC,mustn’ttalkD,nospeaking tomeetmeatthestation,I’llbewaitingthere,A,NottoforgetB,NotforgetC,ForgetnotD,Don’tforgetIt’safineday,Let’sgofishing, ?A,won’tweB,willyouC,don’tweD,shallweDon’tsmokeinthemeeting-room, ?A,doyou B,willyouC,canyouD,couldyou-Don’tforgettoetomybirthdaypartytomorrow.-I.A,don’t B,won’tC,can’tD,haven’tIfyouaretired, arest.A.have B.having C.tohave D.had mego.Itisveryimportantforme.A.Dolet B.Letdo C.Doinglet D.TodoletHeisnothonest. believehim.A.NotB.Don’tC.Tonot D.Notto upearlytomorrow,oryoucan’tcatchthetrain.D.GotD.DonD.GotD.Don’ttoplayD.borrowing inthestreet.It’sdangerous.A.NotplayB.NottoplayC.Don’tplayPlease mesomemoney,willyou?A.lendB.lendingC.borrowThefilmisabouttobegin.Please seated.A.be B.areC.is D.being downtheradio.Thebaby’sasleepinthenextroom.A.TurningB.ToturnC.Turned D.TurnLucy, thedoororsomeonewillein.A.closeB.closesC.notcloseD.isclosing andplayfootballinthestreetafterlunch.A.Let’snottogoB.Let’snotgoC.Let’sdon’tgoD.Notlet’sgoAsignwiththewords“ ”isoftenfoundinabus.D.NosmokingD.Don’D.NosmokingD.Don’tspeakingA.NotspeakB.Don’tspeakC.Speaknot. theboxes.Youmayusethemlater.A.Keep B.Keeping C.Tokeep D.KeptTOC\o"1-5"\h\zIfyouwanttostay,letmeknow, ?A.willyou B.shallwe C.doyou D.doweNeverelateagain, ?A.willyouB.won’tyouC.doyouD.doeshe21.TheTVistooloud.Please .A.turnitdownB.toturnitdownC.turndownitD.toturndownit lateagain,Bill!A.Don'ttobeB.Don'tbeC.NotbeD.Benot crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturnsgreen.A.NotB.Won'tC.Doesn'tD.Don'tPleasehelpmecarryit, ?A.willIB.willyouC.shallID.shallweDon'tmakesomuchnoise, ?A.willyouB.won'tyouC.shallweD.doyouDoyouknowthegirl underthetree?A.standB.tostandC.standingD.stoodKate, yourhomeworkheretomorrow.A.bringB.bringsC.tobringD.bringing methetruth,orI'llbeangry.A.Telling B.TotellC.ToldD.TellI'vekeptthedog Maomaoforalongtime.A.nameB.namedC.namingD.tonameDon'tyouknowthat isgoodforourhealth?A.swimB.swimmingC.swamD.swims二.用括号所给动词的适当形式填空。It’sanimportantmeeting. (not,be)late. (not,make)anynoise!Yourmotherissleeping. (not,speak)withyourmouthfulloffoodand (be)polite. (not,talk)and (read)aloud. (not,leave)yourhomeworkfortomorrow,Larry. (look)out!Acarising. (give)ustenyearsandjustseewhatourcountrywillbelike. (not,let)thebabycry.Wearmoreclothesoryou (catch)acold.Let’s (not,say)anythingaboutit.三、句型转换Willyoupleasereaditagainmoreslowly?(改为祈使句) againmoreslowly,please.Ifyoudon'tlistentome,I'llgo.(改为同义句) me,orI’llgo.Let'swatchthesportsgames.(改为反意疑问句)Let'swatchthesportsgames, ?Theteachersoftentellthestudentsnottobecareless.(改为祈使句) careless,please.PleasesitnexttoNancy. (改为否定句) nexttoNancy.Don'tforgettoturnoffthelights,please.(改为反意疑问句)TOC\o"1-5"\h\zDon'tforgettoturnoffthelights, ?Ifyoumove,you'lldie.(改为同义句) ,oryou'lldie.etomyhousetomorrow.(改为反意疑问句)etomyhousetomorrow, ?这是一个坏了的被子。(翻译句子)Thisisa .让我们去帮帮那个哭泣的女孩吧。(翻译句子)Let’sgoandhelpthe ,please.课时七一般将来时一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作，事情或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作或事情1)will/shall+动词原形$八别用于第一人称，常被川川所代替。川川在述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。willnot=won'tshallnot=shan't例如：WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst？我先读哪一段呢？Willyoubeathomeatseventhisevening?今晚七点回家好吗？begoingto+不定式，表示将来。a.主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?明天打算作什么呢？b.计划，安排要发生的事。例如：Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。这出戏下月开播。_c.有迹象要发生的事。例如：1。。卜atthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那乌云，快要下雨了。be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：Wearetodiscussthereportnext52加网2M我们下星期六讨论这份报告。beaboutto+不定式，意为马上做某事。例如：HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.他马上要去。注意：beabouttodo不能与tomorrowjiextweek等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。_Notice:beto和begoingtobeto表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事56goingto表示主观的打算或计划。例如：Iamtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.明天下午我去踢球。(客观安排)I'mgoingtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.明天下午我想去踢球。(主观安排).现在进行时表将来时下列动词的现在进行时表示将来时go.e.fly.leave.start.begin.finish.end.arriveandsoon.sheisleavingforWuhantomorrow..一般现在时表将来1)下列动词e,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.火车明天上午六点开。Whendoesthebusstar?Itstarsintenminutes.汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。2)以here,there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如：Hereesthebus.=Thebusising.车来了。Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.铃响了。3)在时间或条件句中。例如：WhenBilles(不是wille),askhimtowaitforme.比尔来后，让他等我。I'llwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere.我到了那里，就写信给你。4)在动词hope,takecarethat,makesurethat等的宾语从句中。例如：Ihopetheyhaveanicetimenextweek.我希望他们下星期玩得开心。Makesurethatthewindowsareclosedbeforeyouleavetheroom,离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。其时间状语有如下几种1)M$引导的短语如thisyear2)tomorrow及其相关短语如tomorrowmorning3加*朋|导的短语如nextmonth4)fromnowoninthefutureinanhour等。1)shall用于第一人称，可被亚川所代替。will在述句中用于各人称，在争求意见时常用于第二人称。WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst.Willyoubeathomeatseventhisevening?2)begoingto+不定式，表示将来。a.主语的意图，即将做某事。Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?b.计划，安排要发生的事。Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth。c.有迹象要发生的事Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.3)be+不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.4)beaboutto+不定式，意为马上做某事。HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.注意：匕6aboutto不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。注意：一、易忽视动词用原形形式例：1Hewillis(be)atschoolnextMonday. 2Heisgoingtodoes(do)hishomeworkafterschool.答案：1be2do解析：第一题有的同学一看八©做主语就用了》$,忽视了亚川后应加动词原形。我们在写句子时，很容易把动词丢掉，“英语句子里，动词不能少”的规律必须要牢记。第二题中to后加动词原形，而不是用单三人称.二、begoingto+动词原形与will+动词原形用法不清楚例：我正努力学习，准备参加英语考试。IamstudyinghardandIwilltryformyEnglishexams.答案：IamstudyinghardandIamgoingtotryformyEnglishexams.解析：“begoingto”表示计划、打算要做某事』.。.Heisgoingtovisithisfriends,还表示某种迹象表明会发生某事£.。.Lookattheclouds.It,sgoingtorain,而“Will+动词原形”指对将来事物的预见、表示意愿、决心。E.g.Iwillwaitforyouuntilyoue.在单纯预测未来时，二者可以互换，但在此题中只能用匕©going8，而不能用亚川。一、单项选择。( )1.Thedayaftertomorrowthey avolleyballmatch.A.willwatchingB.WatchesC.iswatchingD.isgoingtowatch( )2.There abirthdaypartythisSunday.A.shallbeB.willbeC.shallgoingtobeD.willgoingtobe( )3.They anEnglisheveningnextSunday.A.arehavingB.aregoingtohaveC.willhavingD.isgoingtohave( )4. you freenextSunday?A.Will;areB.Will;beC.Do;beD.Are;be( )5.He thereattentomorrowmorning.A.willB.isC.willbeD.be( )6. yourbrother amagazinefromthelibrary?A.Are;goingtoborrowB.Is;goingtoborrowC.Will;borrowsD.Are;goingtoborrows( )16.Who we swimmingwithtomorrowafternoon?A.will;goB.do;goC.will;goingD.shall;go( )17.We theworkthiswaynexttime.A.doB.willdoC.goingtodoD.willdoing( )18.Tomorrowhe akiteintheopenairfirst,andthen boatinginthepark.A.willfly;willgoB.willfly;goesC.isgoingtofly;willgoesD.flies;willgo( )19.Thedayaftertomorrowthey avolleyballmatch.A.willwatchingB.watchesC.iswatchingD.isgoingtowatch( )20.There abirthdaypartythisSunday.A.shallbeB.willbeC.shallgoingtobeD.willgoingtobe( )21.They anEnglisheveningnextSunday.A.arehavingB.aregoingtohaveC.willhavingD.isgoingtohave( )22. you freenextSunday?A.Will;areB.Will;beC.Do;beD.Are;be( )23.He thereattentomorrowmorning.A.willB.isC.willbe D.be( )24. yourbrother amagazinefromthelibrary?A.Are;goingtoborrow B.Is;goingtoborrowC.Will;borrows D.Are;goingtoborrows( )25.-ShallIeagaintomorrowafternoon?-(好的).A.Yes,pleaseB.Yes,youwillC.No,please.D.No,youwon’t.( )26.It theyearofthehorsenextyear.A.isgoingtobeB.isgoingtoC.willbeD.willis( )27. openthewindow?A.WillyoupleaseB.PleasewillyouC.YoupleaseD.Doyou()28.-Let'sgoouttoplayfootball,shallwe?-OK.I.A.willingB.begoingtoeC.eD.aming( )29.It usalongtimetolearnEnglishwell.A.takesB.willtakeC.spendsD.willspend( )30.Thetrain at11.A.goingtoarriveB.willbearriveC.isgoingtoD.isarriving二、动词填空。Iamafraidthere (be)ameetingthisafternoon.Ican’tjoinyou.Mike (believe,not)thisuntilhe (see)itwithhisowneyes.Mostofusdon’tthinktheirteam (win).三、句型转换。Chinaisamodernandstrongcountry.(