安徽省名校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期实验班12月大联考英语试题

高三英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂：非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清晰。3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Friends.C.Colleagues.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?A.She’scalm.B.She’suntidy.C.She’shardworking.3.Whatistheweathergoingtobeliketomorrow?A.Windy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.4.Whoisthelittlegirl?A.Anna’sniece.B.Anna’ssisterC.Anna’sdaughter.5.Whydoesthemanrefusetoletthegirlswiminthepool?A.Sheistooyoung.B.Shecan’tswimbyherself.C.Shehasn’ttakenlessonsyet.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题6.WhatisthemanpooratinEnglish?A.Grammar.B.Conversation.C.Reading.7.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inabookstore.B.Inalibrary.C.Inthewoman’soffice.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.HowoldisMarynow?A.Twelve.B.Twentyone.C.Seventeen.9.WhatdidTinadoattheparty?A.Sheperformedadance.B.Shehostedtheparty.C.Shesangasong.10.WhatdoesTinasayaboutMary?ASheteachesatacollege.B.Sheworksinanothercitynow.C.Shedoesn’tliketoeatout.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheman’sproblem?A.Hecan’tsleepwell.B.Hesitsfor10hoursaday.C.Hehasgainedmuchweight.12.Whatistheworstaboutthewoman’sjob?A.Longhours’sitting.B.Thestressofcareer.C.Reportwriting.13.Wherewillthespeakersgothisweekend?A.Toamountain.B.Toapark.C.Toagym.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatisnewinthefirstapartment?A.Thebedroom.B.Thekitchen.C.Thebathroom.15.Whatistheman’ssuggestion?A.Sharinganapartment.B.Talkingtoherroommate.C.Findingacheaperapartment.16.Howmanyapartmentsdothespeakersmention?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.17.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Makeacall.B.Goonadate.C.Seeanotherapartment.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Holidayplansforchildren.B.Popularityofshortvideoapps.C.Children’sproblemsofscreentime.19.Whatisthebestwayforparentsofyoungerchildren?AKeepingthekidsentertainedallthetime.B.Settingagoodexampletotheirchildren.C.Makingascreentimereductionplanforkids.20.Whatisavitalpartforkids’growth?A.Entertainment.B.Anxiety.C.Boredom.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourbestbeachesinZanzibarNungwiBeachThisbeachislocatedinthenorthoftheislandandisfamousforitsamazingsunsetsandlivelyatmosphere.Youwilllovethesoftwhitesandandthecrystal(水晶般的)clearwater.ItisoneofthemostbeautifulbeachesinZanzibar.But,becarefulwiththetides,becausetheycanriseveryfastandcatchyou.PajeBeachSituatedintheeastoftheisland,PajeBeachischaracterizedbystrongtides.Hereyouwillfindarelaxedatmosphereandadreambeachwithcrystalclearwatersandsilkysoftsand.Ontopofthat,youcanpracticewatersportssuchaskitesurfing,becausethisbeachisknownasoneofthebestintheworldforthisactivity.Inaddition,ifyoulikethenightlife,hereyouwillfindalotofbarsandnightclubstospendafunnight.JambianiBeachJambianibeachisoneofthemostremotebeachesofZanzibarandthatiswhyitisoneofourfavorites.Ithasalengthof7kmandislocatedsoutheastoftheisland.Ithashardlyanyrocksandthesandisveryfine.Itisaveryquietanduncrowdedbeach.MatemweBeachLocatedontheeastcoastofZanzibar,thisbeachisoneofthelongestontheisland.Duringlowtide,thewatergoesdown2kilometers,andthelocalstakeadvantageofittocollectseaanimals.Thebeachisbeautifulbutyes,inthisparticularone,itisessentialtoenterthewaterwithgreatcareandevenappropriatefootwear,astherearealotofseaurchins(海胆).1.WhatcanvisitorsdowhentheychooseNungwiBeach?A.Catchthetides. B.Watchwonderfulsunsets.C.Enjoyacolorfulnightlife. D.Experiencevariouswatersports.2.Whichplaceissuitableforvisitorstopracticekitesurfing?A.NungwiBeach. B.PajeBeach. C.JambianiBeach. D.MatemweBeach.3.WhowillprobablybeattractedtoMatemweBeach?A.Sunriselovers. B.Bravesurfers.C.Seaanimalcollectors. D.Nightclubfrequenters.【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了桑给巴尔最好的四个海滩。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“NungwiBeach”中“Thisbeachislocatedinthenorthoftheislandandisfamousforitsamazingsunsetsandlivelyatmosphere.(这个海滩位于岛的北部，以其令人惊奇的日落和热闹的气氛而闻名)”可知，该海滩可以观赏美妙的日落景象。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“PajeBeach”中“Ontopofthat,youcanpracticewatersportssuchaskitesurfing,becausethisbeachisknownasoneofthebestintheworldforthisactivity.(除此之外，你还可以练习水上运动，比如风筝冲浪，因为这个海滩被认为是世界上最好的风筝冲浪海滩之一)”可知，在PajeBeach可以体验风筝冲浪。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“MatemweBeach”中“Duringlowtide,thewatergoesdown2kilometers,andthelocalstakeadvantageofittocollectseaanimals.(在退潮时，海水会下降2公里，当地人会利用这个机会收集海洋动物)”可知，在海滩有机会收集海洋动物，会吸引海洋动物的收集者。故选C项。B“NeverAgain”sitsattheintersectionofartandcraft.Theobjectisbothabasket,madefromsweetgrassandpalmetto(棕榈),andanabstractsculpture.Muchwiderthanitistall,fromadistance“NeverAgain”seemstobeofonehue,butoncloserinspectionyoucanseethatitsbrown,creamandgreenfiberschangeintopurposefulpatternsofcolor.Suchdetailsencourageviewerstostudytheworkslowly,thewayyoumightexamineoneofJacksonPollock’spaintingscarefully.ThepiecewasmadebyMaryJackson,anAfricanAmericanartist,in2007.In2008MrsJacksonreceived$500,000tosupportthecreationofworkthatbothpreserved“thecenturiesoldcraftofsweetgrassbasketry”andmoved“thetraditioninamazingnewdirections”.Bornin1945,MrsJacksongrewupinMountPleasant,SouthCarolina.SheisGullah,amemberofanethnicgroupwhopreservetheAfricanrootsoftheirdistinctlanguageandculture.MrsJacksonwasintroducedtotraditionalweaving(编织)techniquesbyhermotherandgrandmotherattheageoffour.Inthe1960s,afterfinishingschool,MrsJacksonmovedtoNewYorktofindwork.There,shevisitedthecity’smuseumsanddiscoveredMinimalismandPopArt,whichhadadeepeffectonher.WhenshereturnedtoSouthCarolinain1972,shepickedupbasketmakingagain,butwithanewfeeling.Herworksshowclearshapesandinnovativedimensions.Earlyworks,suchas“CobrawithHandle”,areplex,butstillusablebaskets.Midcareerpieces,including“TwoLips”,revealadelicateturnawayfromutilitytowardsaestheticism(唯美主义).Itisadelicateworkthatisillsuitedtoholdingriceorproduce.“Iwantedtodosomethingthatwasverydifferentfromwhatmyancestorsmade,”shesays.“NeverAgain”isperhapsthebestrepresentationofherwork;MrsJacksonsaysshenamedthepiecetoreflectherbeliefthatshewouldnotbeabletocreateanotherobjectasstriking.(Ittookherthreeyearstoplete.)“Idon’tthinkI’llcontinuetomakethesebasketslikehowIusedto,shesays.Instead,approachingher80s,sheis“workingonnewthings”.4.Whatis“NeverAgain”?A.It’sanappealingabstractsculpture.BIt’sabasketmadebyanAfricanfarmer.C.It’spatternsofcolormixedfornopurpose.D.It’sapaintingcreatedbyJacksonPollock.5.WhatinfluencedMaryJacksonwhenshelivedinNewYork?A.Prehistoricitems. B.Contemporaryarts.C.MinimalismandPopArt. D.JacksonPollock’spaintings.6.What’sthefeatureoftheworksofMaryJackson？A.It’ssimpleandpractical. B.It’straditionalandcostly.C.It’saestheticandplex. D.It’sfunctionalandeconomical.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMaryJackson?A.Shyandconfident. B.Braveandstrong.C.Talentedandinnovative. D.Ambitiousandsuccessful.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了艺术家玛丽·杰克逊把盘筐变成了一种艺术形式及其作品新颖独到的风格特点。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Theobjectisbothabasket,madefromsweetgrassandpalmetto,andanabstractsculpture.”（该物品既是一个篮子，由甜草和棕榈制成，也是一个抽象雕塑。）可知，“NeverAgain”是一件抽象的雕塑作品。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“There,shevisitedthecity’smuseumsanddiscoveredMinimalismandPopArt,whichhadadeepeffectonher.”（在那里，她参观了这座城市的博物馆，发现了极简主义和波普艺术，这对她产生了深远的影响。）可知，在纽约，极简主义和波普艺术对她产生了深远的影响。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Muchwiderthanitistall,fromadistance“NeverAgain”seemstobeofonehue,butoncloserinspectionyoucanseethatitsbrown,creamandgreenfiberschangeintopurposefulpatternsofcolor.”（从远处看，“NeverAgain”似乎是一种色调，但仔细观察，你可以看到它的棕色、奶油色和绿色纤维变成了有目的的颜色模式。）及第五段前两句“Herworksshowclearshapesandinnovativedimensions.Earlyworks,suchas“CobrawithHandle”,areplex,butstillusablebaskets.Midcareerpieces,including“TwoLips”,revealadelicateturnawayfromutilitytowardsaestheticism”（她的作品形状清晰，尺寸新颖。早期的作品，如“带柄眼镜蛇”，是复杂的，但仍然是可用的篮子。她的职业生涯中期的作品，包括《双唇》，揭示了从实用到唯美主义的微妙转变。）可知，玛丽·杰克逊的作品是复杂唯美的。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“Herworksshowclearshapesandinnovativedimensions.”（她的作品形状清晰，尺寸新颖。）及最后一段最后一句“Instead,approachingher80s,sheis“workingonnewthings””（相反，年近80的她正在“研究新事物”。）并结合全文可知，玛丽·杰克逊是著名的艺术家，说明她是有才华的，她的作品新颖独到，说明她具有创新精神。故选C项。CListeningtoanaudiobook(有声书)beforebedaffectsaperson’sbrainactivityaftertheynodoffaswellasthecontentoftheirdreams.Betterunderstandingthiseffectcouldhelptreatcertainmentalhealthconditionsbytargetingmemoryprocessingduringsleep.Whenwesleep,ourbrainspontaneously(自发地)“replays”,orreactivates,patternsofelectricalactivitythatarerelatedtolearningtotransferimportantnewinformationtolongtermmemorystorage.Ithasbeensuggestedthatdreamsmayreflectthisreactivation,butexactlyhowisunclear.Toinvestigate,DenizKumralattheUniversityofFreiburg,Germany,andhercolleaguesasked20peopletolistentodifferentaudiobooksjustbeforetheywenttosleep.TheseincludedTheMysteryoftheBlueTrainbyAgathaChristieandInkheartbyeliaFunke.Amongtheparticipantswhorememberedtheirdreams,theresearcherscouldidentifywhichaudiobookeachhadheardfromtheirdescriptionsofthedreams.Whiletheparticipantsslept,theresearchersalsousedanEEG(脑电图)capthatdetectselectricalactivitytorecordtheirbrainwaves.Thisshowedthatthewavepatternsduringtherapideyemovementphaseofsleep,whendreamsoccur,weremoresimilarbetweenthosewhohadheardthesameaudiobookthanthosewhohadhearddifferentones,suggestingthatthelisteningexperienceshapedthebrainactivity.Furtheranalysisofthepatternsrevealedthathighfrequencybetawaves—between18and30hertz—weremoststronglyassociatedwiththeparticipantsrecallingtheaudiobookrelatedcontentoftheirdreams.Thefindingssuggestthatdailylifeexperiencescanshapedreamcontentviamemoryreactivation,accordingtotheresearchers.Butwhiledreamingmayserveadistinctpurposeinmemoryformation,itcouldalsobeabyproductofmemoryprocessing.“Daytimeexperiencesarerarelyreplayedasexperienced,butarealmostalwaysmodifiedorsurfaceindifferentcontexts,”saysKumral.“Individualswithcertainpsychologicalconditionsormentalproblemsmightbenefitfromtailoredstrategiesthatenhancememoryprocessingortreatdisordersofdreamingduringsleep,potentiallycontributingtoimprovedmentalandemotionalhealth.”8.Whatdidtheresearchersasktheparticipantstodo?A.Recordtheirdreamseverynight. B.WearanEEGcapduringtheday.C.Listentoaudiobooksduringtheday. D.Listentoaudiobooksjustbeforesleep.9.WhydidDenizKumralandhercolleaguesdotheresearch?A.Toknowhowpeopleprocessinformation.B.Tofindoutthecontentsofpeople’sdreams.C.Torevealthesecretofimprovingpeople’smemory.D.Toinvestigatehowdreamsreplaypatternsofelectricalactivity.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“modified”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Stored. B.Changed. C.Forgotten. D.Strengthened.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Theimportanceofdreamsinmemoryformation.B.Integrationofdailyexperiencesintodreams.C.Listeningexperiencesinfluencingbrainactivity.D.Listeningtoaudiobooksbeforebedshapingone’sdream.【答案】8.D9.D10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了睡前听有声书会影响人在入睡后的大脑活动以及梦境内容。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Toinvestigate,DenizKumralattheUniversityofFreiburg,Germany,andhercolleaguesasked20peopletolistentodifferentaudiobooksjustbeforetheywenttosleep.(为了进行调查，德国弗赖堡大学的丹尼斯·库姆拉尔和她的同事们让20个人在睡觉前听不同的有声读物)”可知，研究人员要求参与者在睡前听有声读物。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Betterunderstandingthiseffectcouldhelptreatcertainmentalhealthconditionsbytargetingmemoryprocessingduringsleep.Whenwesleep,ourbrainspontaneously“replays”,orreactivates,patternsofelectricalactivitythatarerelatedtolearningtotransferimportantnewinformationtolongtermmemorystorage.Ithasbeensuggestedthatdreamsmayreflectthisreactivation,butexactlyhowisunclear.(更好地理解这种效应可以通过瞄准睡眠中的记忆处理来帮助治疗某些心理健康问题。当我们睡觉时，我们的大脑会自发地“重放”或重新激活与学习将重要的新信息转移到长期记忆存储有关的脑电波活动模式。有人认为，梦可能反映了这种重新激活，但具体是如何反应的还不清楚)”及第三段第一句“Toinvestigate,DenizKumralattheUniversityofFreiburg,Germany,andhercolleaguesasked20peopletolistentodifferentaudiobooksjustbeforetheywenttosleep.(为了进行调查，德国弗赖堡大学的丹尼斯·库姆拉尔和她的同事们让20个人在睡觉前听不同的有声读物)”可推知，研究人员实施该研究是为了弄清楚梦境是如何重现脑电波活动模式的。故选D项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Daytimeexperiencesarerarelyreplayedasexperienced(白天的经历很少在梦境中被回放)”及下文“but...orsurfaceindifferentcontexts(但是……在不同的情境中显露出来)”可知，“modified”应与“replayed”的内含相反，结合后文“在不同的情境中出现”可推知，划线词modified意为“修改，改变”。故选B项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Listeningtoanaudiobookbeforebedaffectsaperson’sbrainactivityaftertheynodoffaswellasthecontentoftheirdreams.(睡前听有声书会影响人在入睡后的大脑活动以及梦的内容)”及后文对于梦境是如何重现脑电波活动模式的研究可知，本文主要介绍了睡前听有声书会形成梦境内容。故选D项。DMajTimPeakehasbackedtheideaofsolarfarmsinspace,sayingtheconceptis“beingabsolutelyviable(可行的)”.Peakesaidthefallingcostoflaunchingheavygoodsintoorbitmeantthatsuchplexstructurescouldsoonbesenttospace,withthepotentialtoprovidesignificantpower.Peake,thefirstBritishEuropeanSpaceAgency(ESA)astronauttovisittheInternationalSpaceStation,said,“Itboilsdowntohardnumbersattheendoftheday.LaunchingthousandsoftonsofhardwareintolowEarthorbitisbeingabsolutelyviable.”TheESAhasbeenexploringtheideaofspacebasedsolarpowerplants,andmissionedtwo“conceptstudies”earlierthisyear.ItishopingtopresentabusinesscasetotheEUby2025.Peakesaidtheagencycalculatedthatsolarfarmsinspacewouldbefinanciallyviablewhengoodscouldbelaunchedatacostof$1,000(£807)perkgorless.Hetoldanenergytechsummitlastweek,“Sofar,theactualcostshavebeenabout$2,700perkilo.LaunchesusingtheFalconHeavycanreducethattoabout$1,500andthesocalledStarshipbringsthatdownbyanorderofmagnitudetoabout$300perkilo.”TheFalconHeavyandStarshiparerocketsdesignedbyElonMusk’sSpaceXaerospacepany.TheFalconHeavyisalreadytransportinggoodssuchassatellitesintospace,whiletheStarshipisindevelopment.AnunmannedtestflightinAprilexplodedminutesafterliftoff.Unlikepreviouslaunchers,theyarereusableanddesignedtoreturntoEarthundamaged.Thismeansthereisnoneedtoconstructanewrocketforeachlaunch,bringingcostsdown.TheESA’sSolarisprojectaimstolaunchsolarpanelsintospace,programmedtoroboticallylinkupwithotherpanelstobuildasolarfarm.WhileEarthbasedsolarfarmsareunabletogenerateelectricityinthedark,spacebasedpanelscanharvestthesun’senergycontinuously.Peakesaid,“Ifyoucanbuildsolarfarmsinspace,thenyoucansendthatenergydowntogroundstationsviamicrowaves.Itmeansclean,limitlessenergyfromspacebeesanabsolutepossibility.”12.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Adefinitionofsolarfarm. B.Anintroductiontothemaintopic.C.Thebackgroundinformationofthetext. D.Presentationofanewphenomenonintechnology.13.What’sthepurposeoflistingfiguresinthetext?A.Tohighlightimportanceofthetask. B.Toprovethetaskwellworkable.C.Totellthecostofbuildingsolarfarms. D.Toshowdifficultiesofbuildingsolarfarms.14.WhyaretheFalconHeavyandStarshiprocketsmorefavorable?A.Theyarereusableandcanreducecosts.B.Theycantransportgoodsintospacequickly.C.Theyaredesignedbyareliableandbigpany.D.Theyhavebeenusedinmanysuccessfullaunches.15.What’stheadvantageofspacebasedsolarpanels?A.Theycangenerateelectricitycontinuously.B.Theycansendenergydowntogroundstations.C.Theyareprogrammedtolinkupwithotherpanels.D.Theyaremoreefficientinharvestingthesun’senergy【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了宇航员TimPeake说，在太空中建太阳能发电场很快在财政上是行得通的。12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“MajTimPeakehasbackedtheideaofsolarfarmsinspace,sayingtheconceptis“beingabsolutelyviable(可行的)”.(TimPeake少校支持太空太阳能农场的想法，称这一概念“正变得绝对可行”。)”可推知，作者写第一段是为了引出本文的话题：在太空中建太阳能发电场很快在财政上是行得通的。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Peakesaidtheagencycalculatedthatsolarfarmsinspacewouldbefinanciallyviablewhengoodscouldbelaunchedatacostof$1,000(£807)perkgorless.(皮克说，该机构计算出，当货物以每公斤1000美元（807英镑）或更低的成本发射时，太阳能农场在经济上是可行的)”可知，作者列举一系列的数据是为了证明这项任务是可行的。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Unlikepreviouslaunchers,theyarereusableanddesignedtoreturntoEarthundamaged.Thismeansthereisnoneedtoconstructanewrocketforeachlaunch,bringingcostsdown.(与以前的发射器不同，它们是可重复使用的，设计目的是完好无损地返回地球。这意味着无需每次发射都制造一枚新火箭，从而降低了成本)”可知，重型猎鹰和星际飞船火箭更有利是因为它们是可重复使用的，可以降低成本。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“WhileEarthbasedsolarfarmsareunabletogenerateelectricityinthedark,spacebasedpanelscanharvestthesun’senergycontinuously.(地球上的太阳能农场无法在黑暗中发电，而太空中的太阳能电池板可以持续地收集太阳的能量)”可知，太空太阳能电池板的优势是可以连续发电。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gesturingispowerfulandimportanttoourconversations.Thechallengeistouseittogoodeffect.Herearesometipsthatcanhelpyoutakeadvantageofgesturing.Encouragegesturinginyourchildren,studentsandanyoneelseyouaretryingtoteach.____16____Gesturingwhilelearningwillalsomakethemmorelikelytosolvethesameprobleminanewway.Thatisimportantbecausebeingabletogeneralizewhatwelearnisessentialtoacquiringnewknowledge.____17____Whilelearningtotalk,childrentypicallyconveysentencelikemeaningsinabinationofgestureandspeechbeforeusingwordsaloneforexample,pointingataboxandsaying“open”.Ifachildfailstoproducethesegesturewordbinations,itmaybeasignthattheirspokenlanguagedevelopmentwillbedelayed,allowingyoutointerveneandhelp.Payattentiontootherpeople’sgestures.Theseofferawindowintothespeakers’thoughts.Thesethoughtsareoftenatthecuttingedgeoftheirknowledgeoraddressissuesthatareuppermostintheirminds.____18____Becarefulthatyourgesturessaywhatyouwantthemto.Thoseyoutalktowillpayattentiontoyourgestures,sochoosethemwisely.____19____Andifyouarequestioningsomeone,beawarethatagesturemayunintentionallyinfluencethemtotellyouwhatyouwanttohearratherthangivetheirownfairanswer.Gesturemorewhenyouspeak.Itwillhelpyoulearnandunderstandmore.Ifyougesturewhiletalking,youwillremembermoreofwhatyouhavesaid.____20____Thiscangiveyouawayofseeingwhatothersarethinkingbutnotsaying.A.Observethegesturingofkids.B.Remember,gesturescanrevealwhatyoumightwanttohide.C.Thiswillhelpthemunderstandthematerialyouareconveying.D.Whetherwerealizeitornot,gesturesareapartofourmunication.E.What’smore,whenyougesture,thepeoplearoundyoutendtodosotoo.F.Noticingandrespondingtosuchgestureswillhelpyouunderstandtheirthoughts.G.Knowinghowtousegestureseffectivelycanmakeyouabettermunicator.【答案】16.C17.A18.F19.B20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了如何有效地利用手势。【16题详解】上文“Encouragegesturinginyourchildren,studentsandanyoneelseyouaretryingtoteach.”（鼓励你的孩子、学生和任何你想教的人做手势。）说明了一种做法，即鼓励他人使用手势，C项“Thiswillhelpthemunderstandthematerialyouareconveying.”（这将有助于他们理解你所传达的材料。）衔接上文，说明该做法的好处，其中“them”指代“children,studentsandanyoneelseyouaretryingtoteach”，衔接恰当。故选C项。【17题详解】下文“Whilelearningtotalk,childrentypicallyconveysentencelikemeaningsinabinationofgestureandspeechbeforeusingwordsalone”（在学习说话的过程中，孩子们通常在单独使用单词之前，通过手势和语言的结合来传达句子式的意思。）说明手势对于孩子们学习说话的重要性，A项“Observethegesturingofkids.”（观察孩子们的手势。）引出下文，对孩子们手势的观察。衔接恰当。故选A项。【18题详解】上文“Theseofferawindowintothespeakers’thoughts.Thesethoughtsareoftenatthecuttingedgeoftheirknowledgeoraddressissuesthatareuppermostintheirminds.”（这些提供了一个了解说话者思想的窗口。这些想法往往是他们知识的前沿，或者是他们头脑中最重要的问题。）说明关注别人手势有助于了解其想法，F项“Noticingandrespondingtosuchgestureswillhelpyouunderstandtheirthoughts.”（注意并回应这些手势将帮助你理解他们的想法。）衔接恰当，故选F项。【19题详解】上文“Becarefulthatyourgesturessaywhatyouwantthemto.Thoseyoutalktowillpayattentiontoyourgestures,sochoosethemwisely.”（注意，你的手势传达的是你想要传达的信息。与你交谈的人会注意到你的手势，所以明智地选择它们。）说明手势会透露自己的信息，B项“Remember,gesturescanrevealwhatyoumightwanttohide.”（记住，手势可以揭示你想要隐藏的东西。）进一步说明手势的重要性，衔接上文，说明要明智地选择交谈之人。故选B项。【20题详解】上文“Ifyougesturewhiletalking,youwillremembermoreofwhatyouhavesaid.”（如果你在说话的时候做手势，你会记住更多你说过的话。）说明做手势的好处，E项“What’smore,whenyougesture,thepeoplearoundyoutendtodosotoo.”（更重要的是，当你做手势时，你周围的人也会这样做。）衔接上文，进一步阐明做手势带来的影响。故选E项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AfteracollegefootballplayernamedBrianDooleynoticedhisteammatewasjugglingmanyjobs,hemadeaselflesschoicetohelphim.“ZackContihashadtopayhiswaytoschoolforfouryears.Andinthefall,theguywassellinghisbloodto____21____thetuition,”HeadCoachChrisCreightontoldtheEasternMichiganUniversityfootballteamduringameetingonAug.3.____22____,theteamcouldn’tgiveoutanymorescholarships.But____23____helpwasstillingConti’sway.“UntilBrianDooleycameintomyoffice,”Creightonsaid.“Andhesaid,‘Coach,thatguyhas____24____it.AndI’vetalkedthisoverwithmyfamily.I’mwillingto____25____myscholarshipasagifttoZackConti.’”Atthatmoment,DooleywalkedovertoCreightonand____26____himanenvelopethatheldhisscholarship.Theteambrokeoutin____27____.Contiwasso____28____.HesaidheknewthecoachandDooleyweretryingtohelphim,butdidn’tknowDooley’sscholarshipwouldbe____29____tohimduringthatmeeting.“Itfeelslikeallofmyhardworkisfinallybeing_____30_____,”hesaid.Dooleyexplainedhis_____31_____forhelpinghisteammate.“Contistudieshardandgetsextraworkto_____32_____hisfamily.Quittingmyscholarshipsohecanstayandplay_____33_____everythingforme.I’m_____34_____ofwhathehasbeeandcannotwaittoseewhathedoesonthe_____35_____.”21.A.borrow B.provide C.receive D.cover22.A.Unwillingly B.Intolerably C.Unfortunately D.Unbelievably23.A.emotional B.financial C.medical D.academic24.A.won B.donated C.earned D.offered25.A.takeover B.giveup C.bringin D.pullout26.A.handed B.delivered C.bought D.mailed27.A.whispers B.noises C.cheers D.jokes28.A.depressed B.fearful C.embarrassed D.thankful29.A.sent B.posted C.presented D.returned30.A.rewarded B.paid C.mented D.observed31.A.project B.motivation C.plan D.theory32.A.run B.build C.start D.support33.A.means B.tells C.explains D.decides34.A.sick B.proud C.scared D.ashamed35.A.yard B.farm C.market D.field【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.C25.B26.A27.C28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.A34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了大学的足球运动员杜利主动放弃自己的奖学金去帮助家境贫寒的队友的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了秋天，那孩子就卖血交学费了。A.borrow借入；B.provide提供；C.receive接收；D.cover覆盖，足够支付。根据前文“ZackContihashadtopayhiswaytoschool”及后文“thetuition”可知，他通过卖血去凑足自己的学费。故选D项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，球队不能再颁发奖学金了。A.Unwillingly不情愿地；B.Intolerably无法容忍地；C.Unfortunately不幸地；D.Unbelievably难以置信地。根据后文“theteamcouldn’tgiveoutanymorescholarships”可知，球队没有奖学金是一件不幸的事。故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但经济援助仍在源源不断地向康蒂涌来。A.emotional情绪的；B.financial财政的；C.medical医学的；D.academic学术的。根据后文“I’mwillingto____5____myscholarshipasagifttoZackConti”可知，杜利决定把自己的奖学金让给康蒂，故康蒂能获得经济援助。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：教练，这是他应得的。A.won获胜；B.donated捐赠；C.earned赚得；D.offered提供。根据前文“ZackContihashadtopayhiswaytoschoolforfouryears.”可知，康蒂四年来独立自主，自己打工支付学费，他值得被给予经济援助。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我愿意放弃我的奖学金作为扎克·康蒂的礼物。A.takeover接管；B.giveup放弃；C.bringin引进；D.pullout退出。根据后文“myscholarshipasagifttoZackConti”可知，杜利决定放弃自己的奖学金让给康蒂。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，杜利走向克赖顿，递给他一个信封，里面装着他的奖学金。A.handed上交、递给；B.delivered投递；C.bought买下；D.mailed邮寄。根据前文“DooleywalkedovertoCreighton”及后文“anenvelope”可知，杜利走向克赖顿，递给他一个信封。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：全队爆发出欢呼声。A.whispers低语；B.noises噪音；C.cheers欢呼；D.jokes玩笑。根据前文“I’mwillingto____5____myscholarshipasagifttoZackConti”及“anenvelopethatheldhisscholarship”可知，大家为杜利无私的行为欢呼喝彩。故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：康蒂非常感激。A.depressed沮丧的；B.fearful害怕的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.thankful感激的。根据上文“I’mwillingto____5____myscholarshipasagifttoZackConti”可知，杜利把自己的奖学金让给康蒂，他会非常感激。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说，他知道教练和杜利都在努力帮助他，但不知道杜利的奖学金会在那次会面中转赠给他。A.sent寄送；B.posted公布；C.presented颁发，赠送；D.returned返回。根据前文“I’mwillingto____5____myscholarshipasagifttoZackConti”可知，康蒂不知道杜利把自己的奖学金转赠给他。故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“感觉我所有的努力终于得到了回报，”他说。A.rewarded回报；B.paid支付；C.mented评论；D.observed观察。根据前文“Itfeelslikeallofmyhardworkisfinallybeing”及“Dooley’sscholarshipwouldbe____9____tohim”可知，康蒂获得了奖学金，似乎他之前的努力终于得到了回报。故选A项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：杜利解释了他帮助队友的动机。A.project项目；B.motivation动机；C.plan计划；D.theory理论。根据前文“explained”及后文“helpinghisteammate”可知，他解释了为什么要帮助队友。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：康蒂努力学习，并做额外的工作来养家。A.run跑步；B.build建造；C.start开始；D.support支持、养家。根据前文“getsextrawork”及后文“hisfamily”可知，康蒂通过额外工作来补贴家用。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：放弃我的奖学金让他留下来打球对我来说意义重大。A.means意味着；B.tells告诉；C.explains解释；D.decides决定。根据前文“Quittingmyscholarshipsohecanstayandplay”及后文“everythingforme”可知，杜利把自己的奖学金转赠康蒂能帮助他度过难关，留在球队，这对杜利来说，意义重大。故选A项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为他的成就感到骄傲，迫不及待地想看看他在球场上的表现。A.sick生病的；B.proud自豪的；C.scared害怕的；D.ashamed羞耻的。根