2022-2023学年湖南省部分学校高三一轮复习联考（四）英语试题

湖南省部分学校2022-2023学年高三一轮复习联考(四)英语试题

学校：姓名：班级：考号：

一、阅读理解

Ifyoulovetalkingaboutvacationsasmuchasyoulovegoingonvacation,thenthiscard

gameDestinationAnywherefromTableTopicsisforyou.

Therearen'tanyrules——ifsjustyou,yourfriend,and135cardsprintedwith

conversationstartersthatallrelatetotravel.Thequestionsareopenenough.Theymight

inspireyoutosharethefunnieststoriesfromyourprevioustravels.uWhatdoyoualways

forgetwhenyou'repackingfbratrip?^^may,fbrexample,remindyouofthetimewhenyou

forgottobringyourtentonaweek-longhike.And“Doyouprefermakingtoursorseeing

sitesonyourown?”ispracticallybeggingyoursistertotalkaboutthetimeshegotlostona

self-guidedtourthroughtheTuscancountrysideandwasrescuedbyakindlyoldsheepherder.

Thegameisrecommendedtoages12andup,andyoucangetitonAmazonfor$25.

IftheDestinationAnywhereversiondoesn'tsitwellwithyou,thereareplentyofother

TableTopicsversionstochoosefrom.The“GeekPop!”edition($22)couldencouragealively

debate."NotYourMom'sDinnerParty“edition($25)willkeepyourguestsentertainedwith

questionslike“Haveyoueverbeenaccompaniedbysecurity?^^The“Family”edition($25)is

agreatwaytogetsilentkidstocomeoutoftheirshellsalittle."Wouldyouratherknowhow

toflyaplane,drivearacecar,orrockclimb?^^prettymuchguaranteesananswerthatisn't

“Yes”「No”,or“Good”.

YoucanbrowsealltheTableTopicscardsetonAmazon.

1、WhatdoweknowaboutthegameDestinationAnywhere?

A.Itisonlysuitableforadultstoplay.

B.Itrequiresplayerstofollowcertainrules.

C.Itpromptspeopletostarttalkingabouttravel.

D.ItisthecheapestofalltheTableTopicscardgames.

2、Whichofthefollowingeditioncanhelpintrovertedchildrentotalkmore?

A.FamilyB.GeekPop!

B.C.DestinationAnywhereD.NotYourMom'sDinnerParty

3、Whafsthepurposeofthetext?

A.Toshowhowtoplaythecardgames.

B.Togivesuggestionsonholdingparties.

C.Toencouragepeopletogoonvacation.

D.TorecommendtheTableTopicscardset.

ThewastemanagementparkatWaterBeachinCambridge-shirehandles400,000tonsof

recyclingeveryyear.

FranHawesisstandingontheedgeofamountainofdryrecycling.Shesays,"Somethink

ifsadiscouragingthing,butformepersonally,itisahugeresponsibility.^^Fran,whostarted

todothejobattheageof26,takesherjobveryseriously.amthatannoyingpersonata

partywhowillgeteveryone'srecyclingandmakesureeverythinggoesintherightbin,“she

admits."That'smyjob.That'smymission.That'swhatIneedtodo.Itallowsmetofindmy

leadershipstyle.”

BinloaderRichardHughesandhiscolleaguesclockonatthewasteservicegarageinPeter­

boroughat6:30andareoutemptyingbinswithinhalfanhour.Richardworksfour12-hour

daysandadmitsthepayandtheconditionarenotgreat——buttherearethreedaysoffwhich

hecansparetohispartnerandchildren.HiscolleagueCrystalTealhasbeenworkingasabin

loaderfortwoandahalfmonths."Ididn'tfeelmylastjobgavemeself-worthandgeneral

happiness,soIdecidedtochangeanddosomethingcompletelydifferent,“shesays."I

decidedtobeabinman.Itdoesn'tbothermethatmenaremainlydoingit,“Crystaladds."It

canbesmellysomedays,butgohomeandhaveashower,you'llbeallright.”

“Whenhouseholdersputthewrongmaterialintherecyclingbins,itmakesmefeelangry

thattheyarejustputtingitoutthere.We'redoingourjobtoservethem.Weareproviding

servicetotaketheirrubbishawayandtheycan'tdotheirparttoputtherightthingsin,“said

Richard.

“Anyproblemhasasolution——thereforeI'mnotafraidofapileofwaste,“Fransays."To

anynormalperson,thismightbeintimidating（令人生畏的）.It'sachallenge.Butthiswillbe

gonebyMondaymoming.^^

4、WhydoesFranHawesmakeothersannoyedataparty?

A.Sheaskseveryonetoberesponsiblefortheirjobs.

B.Shestillperformshertaskofwastesorting.

C.Shehoststhepartyinaleadershipway.

D.Shemightbesmellyatparties.

5、WhydidCrystalchoosetobeabinloader?

A.Sheneededawell-paidjob.B.Shepreferredthethree-day-offholiday.

C.It'smeaningfiilforhertodothejob.D.Allthecolleagueswerefriendlytoher.

6、WhatmadeRichardsometimesangry?

A.Peopledidn'ttakeouttheirrubbish.

B.Peoplethrewawayrubbisheverywhere.

C.Peopledidn'tsorttheirrubbishoutrightly.

D.Peoplepickedoutusefulthingsfromthebins.

7、WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeFran?

A.Honestanddetermined.B.Humorousandconfident.

C.Sensitiveandtalented.D.Responsibleandoptimistic.

TheStateoftheWorld'sBirds-reportfromconservationgroupBirdLifeisthelatest

criticalsurveythathighlightthescaleofthecurrentbiodiversitycrisis.Itsays,morethanhalf

theworld'sbirdspeciesareindecline,ashumanactivitiesincludingagricultureand

expansionintohabitatscontinuetowreakhavoconbirdpopulations.

“Wehavealreadylostover160birdspeciesinthelast500years,andtherateofextinction

isaccelerating,saidLucyHaskell,whoisleadauthorofthereport."Historically,most

extinctionswereonislands,butworryinglythereisagrowingwaveofcontinentalextinctions,

drivenbylandscape-scalehabitatloss.”

ThereportrevieweddatafromtheInternationalUnionforConservationofNatureRedList.

Analysisshowedthat5,412ofbirdspeciesworldwide,or49percent,havedeclining

populations,while38percentarestable,6percentareincreasing,and6percenthave

unknowntrends.Oneineightspeciesisthreatenedwithextinction,andalsohighlightedthe

massivescaleofpopulationlossinseveralwell-surveyedareas.

Theexpansionandintensification（集约化）inagricultureistheleadingthreattobirds,the

reportsaid,impactingatleast73percentofthreatenedspecies.Unsustainableloggingand

managementofforestsisanothersignificantthreat,impactingnearlyhalfofthreatenedbird

species.

Birdsplayanessentialroleinthehealthofecosystemsaroundtheworld.Theyare

predators,pollinators,seeddispensers,andscavengers,andhelptomoveandcyclenutrients

acrosswideranges."Birdstellusaboutthehealthofournaturalenvironment—weignore

theirmessagesatourperil/9Lucysaid.

Authorsofthereportsaidthatgovernmentsmustprioritizemoresustainableagriculture

practicesandtheprotectionofnaturalhabitatsinordertoslowpopulationdeclineinbird

species.Therearenumerousexamplesofpopulationsbouncingbackwiththehelpofwell-

coordinatedconservationprograms.utIfwegivenatureachance,itcanrecover,said.But

chart,whoischiefscientistforBirdLife."Thereisnodenyingthatthesituationisterrible,

butweknowhowtoreversethesedeclines.^^

8、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“wreakhavocon“inParagraph1probablymean?

A.Graduallychange.B.Sharplyincrease.

C.Slightlydisturb.D.Seriouslydamage.

9、Howdidthereportshowthestateoftheworld'sbirds?

A.Bylistingcauses.B.Bymakingcomparisons.

C.Byanalyzingdata.D.Byansweringquestions.

10、Whatisthemajorthreattobirdsaccordingtothereport?

A.Illegalhuntingforbirds.B.Thedevelopmentofagriculture.

C.Poormanagementofforests.D.Thelossoflandscape-scalehabitats.

11、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Birdsplayavitalroleinmaintainingbiodiversity.

B.Governmentshaveprotectednaturalhabitatsgreatly.

C.Conservationprogramsneedtobeupdatedmorefrequently.

D.Scientistsareconfidentaboutslowingpopulationdeclineofbirds.

Researchershavedevelopedadevicethatturnssunlight,carbondioxideandwaterinto

oxygenandformicacid（甲酸）一astablefuelthatcaneitherbeuseddirectlyorbechanged

intohydrogen,withoutrequiringanyadditionalcomponentsorelectricity.Thedevice,

developedbyateamfromtheUniversityofCambridge,isasignificantsteptowardachieving

artificialphotosynthesis（光合作用）.

Harvestingsolarenergytoturncarbondioxideintofuelsisapromisingwaytoreduce

carbonemissions.However,itischallengingtoproducethesecleanfuelswithoutunwanted

by-products.uInaddition,storageofgaseousfuelscanbecomplicated——wewanttogettothe

pointwherewecancleanlyproducealiquidfuelthatcanalsobeeasilystoredand

transported/9saidProfessorEisner,seniorauthorofthestudy.

In2019,researchersfromEisner'sgroupdevelopedasolarreactorbasedonan"artificial

leaf9design,whichalsousessunlight,carbondioxideandwatertoproduceafuel,knownas

syn-gas.Thenewtechnologyisquitesimilartotheartificialleafbutworksinadifferentway

andproducesformicacid,whichcanbechemicallyconvertedintodifferenttypesoffuel.

Theartificialleafusedcomponentsfromsolar-cells,whilethenewdevicedoesn'trequire

thesecomponentsandreliesentirelyonphoto-catalysts（光催化剂）placedonasheet.The

sheetsaremadeupofsemiconductorpowders,whichcanbepreparedinlargequantities

easilyandcost-effectively.Inaddition,thisnewtechnologyproducescleanfuelsthatare

easiertostore.

“Weweresurprisedhowwellitworked-itproducedalmostnoby-products,saidEisner.

"Sometimesthingsdon'tworkaswellasyouexpected,butthiswasararecasewhereit

actuallyworkedbetter/9

Theresearchersarenowworkingtofurtherimproveefficiency.Additionally,theyare

exploringothercatalyststogetdifferentsolarfuels.6tWehopethistechnologywillpavethe

waytowardsustainableandpracticalsolarfuelproduction,saidEisner.

12、Whatwasaproblemwithartificialphotosynthesis?

A.Itconsumestoomuchelectricity.

B.Itproducestoomanyby-products.

C.Theenergyitproducesisnoteasytostore.

D.Theenergyitproducescannotbeuseddirectly.

13、Whatadvantagedoesthenewdevicehaveovertheartificialleaf?

Altismoreenvironment-friendly.

B.Itislighterandeasiertocarry.

C.Itismoreeconomicalandefficient.

D.Ituseslessenergy-demandingsolarcells.

14、Whatdotheresearchersfocusondoingnow?

A.Tryingoutnewcatalysts.B.Makingfulluseofby-products.

C.Exploringothersustainablefuels.D.Mass-producingtheirnewdevice.

15、Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Theprospectofartificialphotosynthesis

B.Anewdeviceforartificialphotosynthesis

C.Opportunitiesandchallengesofphoto-catalysts

D.Artificialleaf:greatprogressonmakingcleanenergy

二、七选五

16、Workingonshipsisnotaneasytaskanddissatisfactionanddeactivationcaneasilybe

developedamongseafarersasaresultofvariouskindsofstresses.①Therefore,

captainshouldtakeadditionalstepsasmentionedbelowtoensurethatallteammembersare

comfortablewitheachotherbothonandoffwork.

Themorningmeeting,whichisconductedtoassignworktoteammembers,isthebesttime

togetallthecrewmemberstogether.Itisnecessarythatcrewmemberstalktoeachother

duringsuchmeetings.②Thisactivitygivesmembersasenseofresponsibilityand

importance.Italsoworksagreatdealinimprovingtheirperformanceandinterpersonal

relationship.

On-boardtrainingprogramisyetanotherimportantopportunitytogetcrewmembers

togethertoinstructimportantworkingknowledgeorconductsafetycommitteemeetings.③

Spendfreetimetogether.Itisoftenseenthatpostworkinghours,officersandcrew

membersspendtimeintheirownroomsinsteadofgettingtogetherinofficesorcrewlounge.

Watchingmoviesandplayinggamesinfreetimeisasolidwaytoknoweachotherandbuild

greatrelationshipsbothonandoffwork.

④Partyisagreatmethodtobondpeopletogetherandimprovescarredrelationships

onboardships.However,itisnecessarythattheyarearrangedinsuchawaythatmaximum

crewisabletoparticipate.Festivalcelebrationsarealsoagreatwaytoenhanceinterpersonal

relationshipsbetweenpeopleonboard.

Theabove-mentionedmethodsaresomeofthemainonesthatareusedonboardto

strengthenrelationshipsonboardships.⑤Anditwouldalsoimproveproductivityand

employmentsatisfaction.

A.Duringsuchsituation,itisuptocaptain.

B・A”one・man-show"cannotrunthewholeship.

C.Everyonelikestopartyandunwindonceinawhile.

D.Eachmembershouldbegivenachancetoprovidesuggestions.

E.Doingthiswouldensuresmoothandsafeoperationsoftheship.

F.Captainshouldarrangethetrainingfbrmaximumcrewmemberstoparticipate.

G.Thisisthemostimportantsteptowardsdevelopinginterpersonalrelationshiponboard

ships.

三、完形填空(15空)

ThishappenedwhenIwas11.OnMother'sDay,ImadeaBundtcakeand1slicesofit

away.Manymomsbeganaskingmetobakethemcakesstraightaway.

I'minterestedinbakingand2watchingbakingshows.SowhenIheardabouttheir

3_,IrealizedIcouldjust4it.ThenIstartedmycakebusiness.

5,thecakeswouldfallapart.SonoteverycakewasperfectlybakedthefirsttimeI6.

ButIknewthatitwasOKtomake7andthatyoujustkeptgoinguntilitwasright.

Successcameaftermanyfailures.NowFma(an)8baker.I'dletmyBundtcakescook

forlessthananhourbeforemydadwouldtakethemoutoftheovenandgivethemtome.I

offer9likecreamcheese,lemonandchocolate,andIwilldospecialcakeson10,too.

SofarIhavesoldnearly300cakes.IdonatedsomemoneyI11toacharity,sothatI

couldprovide12forsomefamilies.

MyfriendshavesaidthatIamagreatentrepreneur.IamgladthatIhavebeenabletodo

mybusinessduringthepandemic.Iwas13beforethis,andthishas14metodo

somethingmeaningful15justsittingdownandwatchingTV.

17、

18、

19、

20、A.applyforB.goforC.accountforD.preparefor

21、

22、

23、

24、

25、

26、

27、

28、

29、

30、

31、A.regardlessofB.insteadof

C.inadditiontoD.bycomparisonwith

四、语法填空

32、Sanfutie,orSanfumedicinalpatch,isabandagewithtraditionalChineseherbal

medicine.PractitionersoftraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)believethat①(receive)

Sanfutieduringthehottestsummerdaysisaneffectiveway②(prevent)andtreat

diseasesoccurringorbeingworseinwinter,suchascoughs,asthmaandarthritis.

ThetreatmentisbasedontheTCMprincipleofyinandyang,③believesthebalance

ofbothelementsinthebody④(be)vitalforgoodhealth.Sanfutiecontainsapasteof

herbal®_(extract)thatare"hot"innature,andwhen⑥(apply)tospecific

acupuncturepoints(穴位)，usuallyonthelackandneck,theyreplenish(补充)theyang

elements.

Thesepatches⑦(use)inTCMsincetheearliestrecordedtimesofChinesehistory,as

itisfoundintheHuangdiNeijing(TheInnerCanonoftheYellowEmperor),⑧must-

leamtextbookforTCMpractitioners,compiledatleast2,000yearsago.Sanfutietreatment

became⑨(extreme)popularintheQingDynasty(1644-1911)andhasenjoyeda

revivalinrecentyearsasmorepatientsturn⑩TCMtreatment.

五、书面表达

33、假如你是李华，在英国做交换生时曾患病住院，寄宿家庭房东Eric给予你悉心照

料，并经常辅导你功课。你现已回国，请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：

1.表示感谢；

2.回顾帮助；

3.邀请来中国游玩。

注意：

1.词数80左右;

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearEric,

Yours,

LiHua

六、读后续写

34、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短

文。

ABeautifulGroupPainting

Theartclasswasoverinablinkofaneye.Whentherecessbell(下课铃)rang,Lisasighed.

Atheroldschool,sheusedtoplaywithherfriends.Nowshesatinthecornerofthefieldand

watchedtheotherkidsplaywithouther.

Assheclearedhertable,Lisanoticedaboxofchalkbythewindow.Sheputitinher

pockets.Thenshetookherusualplaceattheendoftherecessline.

Assheandherclassmateswalkeddownthehallandoutintotheyard,Lisaremembered

howsheandhermotherusedtodrawchalkdesignsonthelongdrivewayleadingtotheold

apartment.Thepatternswerecalledrangoli卸度传统地画),andtheylookedlikestarsand

roses.Lisa'smothersaidthatthedrawingsweretowelcomegueststotheirhome.Lisa

missedtheearlymorningssheandhermotherwouldspenddrawingthosecolorfulpatterns.

Lisawalkedtothebasketballcourtandsatonthesidewalk.Shetookchalkoutofher

pocketandbegantodrawherfavoriterangolipattern.Shedrewflowerswithhugepetals（花

瓣）andstarswitheightpoints.

“That'spretty,“avoicesaid.SheturnedaroundandsawthatEric,aboyinherclass,was

watchingher.

"It'scalledrangoli/9shesaid.

“Thefloorofmygrandmother'shousehaspatternslikethat,“Ericsaid.

“Whatdoyoumean?”Lisaasked."HandmeapieceofchalkJEricsaid.Ericsatdownon

thepavementandbegantodraw.HedrewflowersthatweremoredetailedthanLisa's,but

stillhadhugepetals.Thenhedrewcirclesinsidecircles,andsurroundedthemwithsmall

diamonds.Lisakeptdrawingtoo.

“Whatareyouguysdoing?”avoiceasked.LisaandErichadbeensoabsorbedindrawing

thattheyhadn'tnoticedthattheirclassmateEmmahadbeenwatchingthem.

“Hey,"Emmasaid,sittingdownbesidethem,“thatlooksliketherugs（小地毯）inmy

uncle'shouse.Exceptontherugs,theshapesarebigger,andaren'tascurly（卷曲的）

注意：

L续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

“Showus,“saidEric,handingEmmaapieceofchalk.

Havingheardtheteacher9spraise,manystudentsgatheredaround.

参考答案

I、答案：c

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“135cardsprintedwithconversationstartersthatall

relatetotravel”可知DestinationAnywhere这个游戏会启发人们开始谈论有关旅行的话

题。故选C。

2、答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的"The"Family，edition（$25）isagreatwaytoget

silentkidstocomeoutoftheirshellsalittle."可知"Family”这个游戏可以帮助沉默寡言的

孩子多说话。故选A。

3、答案：D

解析：目的意图题。本文介绍了TableTopics系列产品的相关信息，最后一段还提供了销

售渠道，故其目的在于向人们推荐TableTopics的系列产品。故选D。

4＞答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的"Iamthatannoyingpersonatapartywhowillget

everyone'srecyclingandmakesureeverythinggoesintherightbin,"sheadmits."That'smy

job.That'smymission.That'swhatIneedtodo.Itallowsmetofindmyleadershipstyle."（她

承认:“我是聚会上那个讨厌的人，会把每个人的垃圾都收起来，并确保所有东西都放在正

确的垃圾桶里。这是我的工作。这就是我的使命。这就是我需要做的。它让我找到了

自己的领导风格。”）可知，在聚会时,Fran会收起每个人的垃圾，并做好垃圾分类的工作，

这让聚会中的人感到不舒服。故选B项。

5、答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中"Ididn'tfeelmylastjobgavemeself-worthandgeneral

happiness,soIdecidedtochangeanddosomethingcompletelydifferent,"shesays."I

decidedtobeabinman.Itdoesn'tbothermethatmenaremainlydoingit,"Crystaladds.（"我

觉得上一份工作并没有给我带来自我价值和快乐，所以我决定改变,做一些完全不同的事

情。"她说，"我决定当一名清洁工。主要是男性在做这件事，我并不介意这一点，"克里斯

托补充道。）可知,Crystal认为自己的上一份工作没有让她感受到快乐和自我价值的实

现，而离职后她选择当一个垃圾倾倒工,可推知，这是一份能使她感受到自我价值和快乐

的工作，对她来说，这是一份有意义的工作。故选C项。

6、答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的"Whenhouseholdersputthewrongmaterialinthere

cyclingbins,itmakesmefeelangrythattheyarejustputtingitoutthere.We'redoingourjob

toservethem.Weareprovidingservicetotaketheirrubbishawayandtheycan'tdotheirpart

toputtherightthingsin,"saidRichard.（"当住户们把错误的材料放入回收箱时，我感到愤

怒，因为他们只是把它放在那里。我们在尽我们的职责为他们服务。我们提供服务把他

们的垃圾运走，而他们却不能尽自己的一份力把正确的东西放进去。"理查德说道。）可

知,住户们不把垃圾正确地分类，放在正确的地方，这让Richard很生气。故选C项。

7、答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据第二段Shesays,"Somethinkit'sadiscouragingthing,butfor

mepersonally,itisahugeresponsibility."Fran,whostartedtodothejobattheageof26,

takesherjobveryseriously」她说：”有些人认为这是一件令人沮丧的事情,但对我个人来

说,这是一项巨大的责任。”弗兰从26岁开始做这份工作，她非常认真地对待她的工作。）

可知,Fran对工作很负责;根据最后一段“Anyproblemhasasolution-thereforeI'mnot

afraidofapileofwaste/9Fransays.uToanynormalperson,thismightbeintimidating（令人

生畏的）.It'sachallenge.ButthiswillbegonebyMondaymorning."（"任何问题都有解决

的办法，所以我不怕一堆垃圾。"Fran说，”对于任何一个正常人来说，这可能令人生畏。这

是一个挑战。但到周一早上就会没了。”）可知,尽管垃圾很多，但Fran对于这个挑战能很

乐观地面对。故选D项。

8、答案：D

解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词组所在的句子Itsays,morethanhalftheworld*sbird

speciesareindecline,ashumanactivitiesincludingagricultureandexpansionintohabitats

continuetowreakhavoconbirdpopulations』报告称，由于包括农业和栖息地扩张在内的

人类活动继续对鸟类种群造成严重破坏，世界上一半以上的鸟类物种正在减少。）及第二

段Wehavealreadylostover160birdspeciesinthelast500years,andtherateofextinction

isaccelerating（在过去的500年里，我们已经失去了160多种鸟类，灭绝的速度正在加快）

可知，农业和向栖息地扩张的人类活动继续对鸟类种群造成严重破坏。由此推知,划线词

组wreakhavocon与seriouslydamag（严重损坏）意义接近。A.Graduallychange.逐渐改

变;B.Sharplyincrease.急剧增加;C.Slightlydisturb.轻微打扰;D.Seriouslydamage.严重破

坏。故选D项。

9、答案：C

解析：推理判断题。根据第三段Analysisshowedthat5,412ofbirdspeciesworldwide,or

49percent,havedecliningpopulations,while38percentarestable,6percentareincreasing,

and6percenthaveunknowntrends.Oneineightspeciesisthreatenedwithextinction,and

alsohighlightedthemassivescaleofpopulationlossinseveralwell-surveyedareas.（分析显

示，全球5412种鸟类（即49%）的种群数量在下降,38%的种群数量稳定,6%的种群数量正

在增加,6%的鸟类数量呈未知趋势。每八个物种中就有一个面临灭绝的威胁，这也突显

了在几个调查良好的地区，人口的大规模流失）可推知，该报告通过分析数据显示了世界

鸟类的状况。故选C项。

10、答案：B

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段Theexpansionandintensification（集约化）inagriculture

istheleadingthreattobirds,thereportsaid,impactingatleast73percentofthreatened

species.（报告称，农业的扩张和集约化是鸟类面临的主要威胁，至少影响了73%的受威胁

物种）可知，根据报告，鸟类面临的主要威胁是农业的发展。故选B项。

11、答案：D

解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"Ifwegivenatureachance,itcanrecover,"said

Butchart,whoischiefscientistforBirdLife."Thereisnodenyingthatthesituationis

terrible,butweknowhowtoreversethesedeclines."（"如果我们给大自然一个机会，它可以

恢复，"鸟类生命的首席科学家布特・查特说。”无可否认，情况很糟糕，但我们知道如何扭

转这种下滑。”）可知,从最后一段可以推断出科学家们对减缓鸟类数量的下降充满信

心。故选D项。

12、答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Inaddition,storageofgaseousfuelscanbe

complicated—wewanttogettothepointwherewecancleanlyproducealiquidfuelthatcan

alsobeeasilystoredandtransported（此外汽体燃料的储存可能很复杂我们希望达到这样

一种程度，即我们可以清洁地生产出一种液体燃料，同时也可以方便地储存和运输）”可知,

人工光合作用的一个问题就是产生的气态燃料不易储存。故选C。

13、答案：C

解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“Theartificialleafusedcomponentsfromsolar-cells,

whilethenewdevicedoesn'trequirethesecomponentsandreliesentirelyonphoto-catalysts

（光催化齐ll）placedonasheet.Thesheetsaremadeupofsemiconductorpowders,whichcan

bepreparedinlargequantitieseasilyandcost-effectively.Inaddition,thisnewtechnology

producescleanfuelsthatareeasiertostore.（人造叶子使用了太阳能电池的组件，而新设备

不需要这些组件，完全依赖于放置在薄片上的光催化剂。该薄片由半导体粉末组成，可以

轻松且经济有效地大量制备。此外，这项新技术还能生产更容易储存的清洁燃料）”可知,

与人造叶子相比，新设备既经济又高效。故选C。

14、答案：A

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Additionally,theyareexploringothercatalyststo

getdifferentsolarfuels.（此外，他们正在探索其他催化剂以获得不同的太阳能燃料）“可知，

研究人员现在专注于试验新的催化剂。故选A。

15、答案：B

解析：主旨大意题。根据第一段“Researchershavedevelopedadevicethatturnssunlight,

carbondioxideandwaterintooxygenandformicacid（甲酸）——astablefuelthatcaneitherbe

useddirectlyorbechangedintohydrogen,withoutrequiringanyadditionalcomponentsor

electricity.Thedevice,developedbyateamfromtheUniversityofCambridge,isa

significantsteptowardachievingartificialphotosynthesis（光合作用）.（研究人员开发了-一种

装置,可以将阳光、二氧化碳和水转化为氧气和甲酸一一种既可以直接使用也可以转化

为氢气的稳定燃料,而不需要任何额外的组件或电力。该装置由剑桥大学的一个团队开

发，是实现人工光合作用的重要一步）''可知，文章主要介绍了研究人员发明的一种可用于

人工光合作用的新设备。由此可知,B.Anewdeviceforartificialphotosynthesis（人工光合

作用的新装置）适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。

16、答案：ADFCE

解析：①上文"Workingonshipsisnotaneasytaskanddissatisfactionanddemotivationcan

easilybedevelopedamongseafarersasaresultofvariouskindsofstresses.（在船上工作并非

易事，由于各种压力,海员很容易产生不满和消极情绪。）”中的duringsuchsituation指的

是上文船员的情况。根据下文“Therefore,c叩tainshouldtakeadditionalsteps...（因此，船长

应该采取额外的步骤……）''可知，船员产生的这种状况,归根结底是由船长负责的。A选

项“Duringsuchsituation,itisuptocaptain.（在这种情况下，该由船长负责。）”引出下文，符

合题意。故选A项。

②由上文“Itisnecessarythatcrewmemberstalktoeachotherduringsuchmeetings.（在此类

会议期间,全体船员有必要相互交谈。）“可知，全体船员都要相互交谈。由此推知,通过这

种方式，他们就可以有机会提出自己的建议。D选项“Eachmembershouldbegivena

chancetoprovidesuggestions］每个成员都应该有机会提出建议。）“符合题意。故选D

项。

③由上文“On-boardtrainingprogramisyetanotherimportantopportunitytogetcrew

memberstogethertoinstructimportantworkingknowledgeorconductsafetycommittee

meetings.（船上培训计划是另一个重要的机会,让机组人员聚在一起指导重要的工作知识

或举行安全委员会会议。）”可知，船上的船员应该参加船长安排的训练,F选项“Captain

shouldarrangethetrainingformaximumcrewmemberstoparticipate.（船长应安排训练以使

最多的船员能够参加。）“切题。故选F项。

④本空在段首，是主旨句。根据下文“Partyisagreatmethodtobondpeopletogetherand

improvescarredrelationshipsonboardships.（聚会是将人们联系在一起并改善船上伤痕累

累的关系的好方法。）“可知，本段以聚会和节日庆祝为例说明在船上偶尔聚会和放松一

下也可以确保所有的团队成员能和睦相处,C选项“Everyonelikestopartyandunwind

onceinawhile.（每个人都喜欢偶尔聚会和放松一下。“切题。故选C项。

⑤由上文“Theabove-mentionedmethodsaresomeofthemainonesthatareusedonboardto

strengthenrelationshipsonboardships.（上述方法是船上用于加强船上关系的一些主要方

法。）"和下文"Anditwouldalsoimproveproductivityandemploymentsatisfaction.（它还将

提高生产力和就业满意度。）”可知,E选项“Doingthiswouldensuresmoothandsafe

operationsoftheship.（这样做可以确保船舶的平稳和安全运行。）”承接上文，点明这些方

法益处的一方面。同时与下文构成并列关系，引出这些方法益处的另一方面。故选E

项。

17、答案：C

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:母亲节那天，我做了一个蛋糕,把它切成几片送人。带

来扔掉给，送给移动。根据后文“Manymomsbeganaskingmetobakethemcakesstraight

away.”可知，作者把蛋糕切成片分发给其他妈妈们。故选C项。

18、答案：A

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:我对烘焙很感兴趣，喜欢看烘焙节目。赞成，喜爱建议

考虑完成。根据前文“I'minterestedinbaking”可知,作者喜爱烘焙节目。故选A项。

19、答案：D

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:所以当我听到她们的需求时，我意识到我可以放手去

做。雄心善良智慧需要,需求。根据前文“Manymomsbeganaskingmetobakethemcakes

straightaway.”可知，许多妈妈有需求。故选D项。

20、答案：B

解析：考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:所以当我听到他们的需求时，我意识到我可以放手

去做。for申请;for为……而去，争取得到;for对……负责任;for为……作准备。根据前

文"whenIheardabouttheir3"及后文"ThenIstartedmycakebusiness."可知，作者为止匕

放手去做。故选B项。

21、答案：C

解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意:最初,蛋糕会散架。逐渐地有规律地最初突然。根据后

文“thecakeswouldfallapart"及"thefirsttime”可知，初做蛋糕，经验不足，蛋糕会散架的。

故选C项。

22、答案：D

解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以我第一次尝试的时候,并不是每个蛋糕都烤得很完

美。学习收到提交尝试。根据语境和前文“noteverycakewasperfectlybaked"及"thefirst

time”可知，作者是第一次尝试，并不完美。故选D项。

23、答案：A

解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:但我知道犯错误是不要紧的，你只要坚持下去,直到正

确为止。错误抱怨努力预言。根据前文“noteverycakewasperfectlybaked”及后文

“Successcameaftermanyfailures.“可知，作者知道失败是成功之母，起初的错误不要紧。

故选A项。

24、答案：D

解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意:现在我是一名熟练的面包师。好奇的先进的智能的

熟练的。根据前文“Successcameaftermanyfailures.”及后文'TdletmyBundtcakescook

fbrlessthananhourbeforemydadwouldtakethemoutoftheovenandgivethemtome.“可

知，经过多次失败之后，作者成功地成为一名熟练的面包师。故选D