中国智慧-文化面面观 课件 UNIT 5 Chinese Food and Environment、UNIT 6 Chinese Festivals and Family

ChineseFoodandEnvironmentUNIT5LearningObjectivesGiveaspeechontheeatinghabitsofChinesepeopleLearnaboutexpressionsonlocaldelicacies1Talkaboutlegendsoflocaldelicacies23Inallhiswaysofsittingandstanding,andeatinganddrinking,--ofbroodingaboutinahigh-shoulderedreluctantstyle,--oftakingouthisgreathorn-handledjackknifeandwipingitonhislegsandcuttinghisfood,--ofliftinglightglassesandcupstohislips,asiftheywereclumsypannikins,--ofchoppingawedgeoffhisbread,andsoakingupwithitthelastfragmentsofgravyroundandroundhisplate,asiftomakethemostofanallowance,andthendryinghisfinger-endsonit,andthenswallowingit…--CharlesDickensTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingIbelievethatcuisineisthemostimportantlinkbetweennatureandculture.--AlexAtalaTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingLegendsofLocalDelicaciesTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReading

FujiancuisineisatestamenttothecreativityandingenuityoftheFujianpeople,asevidencedbythefascinatingoriginstoriesofmanyofitspopulardishes.Ningdemeatballisaprimeexampleofthis.Accordingtolocalfolklore,afemaledemononceinhabitedJingtaimountainnearNingde,anddemandedthattheresidentsatthefootofthemountainsendherbeautifulwomentodresshereachday.Ifawomanfailedtopleaseher,shewouldbeeatenorpunishedbyhavingherhandsdestroyedorherfacedisfigured.Thedemon’styrannycontinueduncheckeduntilarumorreachedherthateatingthemeatofyoungboyscouldmakeherevenmorebeautiful.Fromthenon,theresidentshadtosacrificeaboyeachyeartoappeasethedemon,untiltheyearwhenaboynamedLaixiwaschosen.Hisfamilywasdistraught,butalsofearedtheconsequencesofdefyingthedemon.DespitetheireffortstohideLaixi,fatehadotherplansinstore.Oneday,atthedinnertable,Laixi’sfatherfeltsosad,ashethoughtthathislovelysonwouldsoonbesenttothedemontobeeaten.Unconsciously,heshookhisfistandsmashedthecookedtaro.Staringatthemashedtaro,Laixi’smother,awell-knowncleverwoman,hituponagoodmethodtosaveherson.Whenthedayofsacrificecame,thedemonwaitedforalongtimeonlytofindLaixihadn’tshownup,sosheangrilyflewdownthemountaintotheboy’shome.Atthatmoment,Laixi’smotherwasmakingmeatballs.Shefirstsmashedthecookedtaroandmixeditwithsweetpotatopowder.Thenshewrappedmeatinthemixturetomakemeatballs.Meanwhile,Laixi’sfatherwashidingtheboyinaTaoisttemple.Assoonashecamebackfromthetempleandwentintothehousebythefrontdoor,thedemonarrivedatthebackdoorofthehouseandshouted,"handovermytributeimmediately,orIwillletthewholecitybeburied."Laixi’smotherrushedoutandsaidwithasmile,"calmdown,mylord.Pleasesitintheroom."Afterleadingthedemonintothehouse,shebroughthotmeatballstothedemonandsaid,"mylord,asaspecialtreat,wehaveturnedourboyintothesemeatballsforyourdelight."Temptedbyasharpmeatballaroma,thedemonatethemdirectlyregardlessofthehightemperature.Themoresheate,themorevigorouslyshekepturging:"bringmore,bringmore!"ThenLaixi’smothercameforwardandsaid,"well,therearenochildreninourfamily.Canweuseporkinstead?"Thedemon,whoonlycaredaboutthehappinessofgettingsomethingnicetoeat,noddedinagreement.Afterthat,inanefforttooutsmartthedemons,thepeopleofNingdedevisedacleverstrategy:theybeganmakingmeatballstoreplacechildrenthatwereintendedtobesacrificed.Astheyearspassed,aTaoistpassingthroughNingdewasabletosubduethedemonandtakeheraway.However,thetraditionofmakingtheseuniquemeatballslivedon.WhatsetsNingdemeatballsapartfromothersistheirdistinctivewrapper,madefromacombinationofmashedtaroandsweetpotatopowder.Thefillingistypicallyamixtureofmincedpork,dicedshrimp,andmushrooms,seasonedwithsoysauce,salt,andcookingoilaccordingtopersonalpreference.Despitethegruesomeoriginofthistradition,thedeliciousmeatballshavebecomeabelovedlocaldelicacythatcontinuestobepasseddownthroughgenerations.Inadditiontothosefabricatedfairytalesaboutlocaldelicacies,therearealsostoryembodyingpeople’sdiligenceandwisdom,suchasthefolkloreofFudingmeatslices.ThefolklorehasitthatintheearlyMingDynasty(1368―1644),WuWangsan,asincere,simple,hardworking,andcourageousyoungman,fellinlovewithMissSufromtheneighboringvillage.Shewasbeautiful,intelligent,andvirtuous.Astheyspentmoretimetogether,theirlovegrewstronger.WuWangsanknewthathewantedtospendtherestofhislifewithher,sohegatheredthecouragetoproposetoherwiththehelpofamatchmaker.ButtheirlovewassoonthreatenedbythearrivalofDongQi,thesonofarichandinfluentialfamilyinthearea.DongQialsohadfeelingsforMissSuanddeclaredthathewouldnotmarryanyoneelse.WuWangsanwasfacedwithapowerfulrivalinlove,butherefusedtogiveuponthewomanheloved.Onthedayoftheirengagement,DongQiarrivedwithbetrothalgiftsthatweretentimesmorevaluablethanWang’s.Thetensionbetweenthetwofamilieswaspalpable.Sensingthehostility,MissSudecidedtodefusethesituationandsuggestedatesttodeterminewhowouldbethebettermatch.Sheaskedeachsuitortouseakilogramofleanmeatfromthelegofapigtheyhadbroughttoprepareadishfortheeightguestspresent.DongQiimmediatelydicedthemeatandcookeditintoapotofporkporridge,leavingWangsanwithlimitedoptions.ButWangsankepthiscomposureandskillfullymixedthemeatwithhomemadestarchanddoublingthequantity.Hethencutthemixtureintosmallpieces,cookedtheminwater,andseasonedthemtocreateeightsmallbowlsofdelectablemeatslices.Thedishwasahugehit,witheveryonesingingitspraises,evenDongQi,whowasleftspeechless.ThisculinarytriumphsecuredWuWangsan’smarriagetoMissSuandbecameabelovedFudingdelicacy.ItwasatestamenttoWangsan’singenuityandresourcefulness,whichhadwonovertheheartsandtastebudsofallpresent.InthecourseoftimeFudingpeoplecalledthedeliciousdish,meatslices.Inadditiontohistoricalaccounts,fairytales,andfolktales,legendssurroundingfamousFujiancuisineofferinsightintoculturalexchanges.OnesuchlegendisthatofSatayNoodles,whichdatesbacktothelate18thcenturyinXiamen.Atthattime,fishingwastheprimarylivelihoodformostXiamenresidents,andmanylosttheirlivesatseaduetotheunpredictableweather.IntheshadowofPutuoMountain,afamilylivedinpoverty.Thefatherhadgoneouttoseaandneverreturned,leavinghiswifeandyoungsontofendforthemselves.Asthesongrewup,hefollowedinhisfather’sfootstepsandbecameafisherman.Butoneday,hetoowaslostatseaduringaviolentstorm.Thegrief-strickenmotherwaslefttoweepalone,eventuallylosinghersightfromtheconstanttears.Butunknowntoherandquitemiraculously,theyoungmanwasrescuedbyanIndonesianmerchantshipandbroughttoIndonesia.There,heworkedtirelesslytomakeanewlifeforhimself.Overtime,hebecameaccustomedtotheforeigncultureanddiscoveredthedeliciousflavorofSataymeat.Timeflewbyandtenyearshadpassedsincetheyoungmanhadlefthiscountry.Duringthosetenlongyears,hehadbeenyearningtoreturnhomeandseehiselderlymother,andtocookheradeliciousmealusingSataysauce.Aftermucheffortandwaiting,hefinallygotnewsofamerchantshipthatwasgoingtoXiamen,andheimmediatelysetoff,takingsomeSataysaucewithhim.Uponarrivinghome,hewasshockedtofindhismotherinaterriblestate.Shehadlostherteethandsenseoftasteduetoyearsofhardwork,andhereyesighthadalsofailedher.Theyoungmanwasheartbrokenbutwasdeterminedtodoallhecouldtomakeherhappy.Hetriedtocookallkindsofdeliciousfoodforher,butshecouldn’ttasteanything.Oneday,herememberedthathismotherhadalwayslovedpeanuts,sohecrushedthemintoapowderandsprinkleditoverthenoodleshehadcookedforher.Sheatethembutsaidtheyweretoobland.Determinedtomakethenoodlestastier,theyoungmansearchedforsomesalt,buthecouldn’tfindany.However,hedidfindtheSataysaucehehadbroughtbackfromIndonesia,sohedecidedtouseit.WhenhegavethenoodlestohismotherwiththeSataysauce,sheexclaimed,“Mychild,howcanthisbesodelicious?”Theyoungmantasteditwithhischopsticksandwaspleasantlysurprised.TheSataysaucehadturnedtheordinarynoodlesintoanincrediblydeliciousdishthathadrekindledhismother’ssenseoftaste.GratefulfortheSataysauce’swonderfulflavor,theyoungmanmadealotofnoodleswithitandinvitedallthepeopleinthevillagetotryit,thankingthemfortheirkindnessandcareofhismotherduringhisabsence.Everyonelovedthenoodles,andtheyoungmanbecameknownforhisdeliciousSataynoodles.Tomakealivingtosupporthismother,hestartedexchangingthenoodleswithfishermenforsomefish.Gradually,moreandmorefishermenweredrawntothemouth-wateringaromaofhisSataynoodles,andthedishbecameapopularsnackinXiamen.Thus,thestoryofSatayNoodleshasbecomeoneofthetypicallegendsthatillustratestheexchangeandblendingofdifferentculturesthroughfood.TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsdelicacy:n.somethinggoodtoeatthatisexpensiveorrare佳肴e.g.SnailsareconsideredadelicacyinFrance.evidence:v.formaltoshowthatsomethingexistsoristrue证明as(is)evidencedbye.g.Thevolcanoisstillactive,asevidencedbytherecenteruption.disfigure:v.tospoiltheappearancethatsomethingnaturallyhas损毁……的外形e.g.Hisfacehadbeendisfiguredinanaccident.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationssacrifice:v.towillinglystophavingsomethingyouwantordoingsomethingyoulikeinordertogetsomethingmoreimportant;n.anactoractionofmakinganofferingofanimalorvegetablelife,offood,drink,orincense,orofsomepreciousobjecttoadeityorspiritualbeing牺牲sacrificesomethingforsomethinge.g.ALabourgovernmentchosetosacrificedefenceforwelfare.sacrificesomethingtodosomethinge.g.Hesacrificedapromisingcareertolookafterhiskids.sacrificeyourself(forsomething)e.g.motherswhosacrificethemselvesfortheirchildrenUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsappease:v.tomakesomeonelessangryorstopthemfromattackingyoubygivingthemwhattheywant使和缓e.g.Theyattemptedtoappeaseinternationaloppositionbypromisingtoholdtalks.distraught:adj.soupsetandworriedthatyoucannotthinkclearly.忧心如焚的e.g.Relativesaretonightcomfortingthedistraughtparents.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsdefy:v.torefusetoobeyalaworrule,orrefusetodowhatsomeoneinauthoritytellsyoutodo藐视e.g.Billydefiedhismother,andsmokedopenlyinthehouse.outsmart:v.togainanadvantageoversomeoneusingtricksoryourintelligence用计谋打败e.g.Theolderkidsoutsmarttheyoungoneswhentradingcards.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsdevise:v.toplanorinventanewwayofdoingsomething设计e.g.Shedevisedamethodforquickercommunicationsbetweenoffices.subdue:v.todefeatorcontrolapersonorgroup,especiallyusingforce征服e.g.Policemanagedtosubduetheangrycrowd.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsfabricate:v.toinventastory,pieceofinformationetc.inordertodeceivesomeone编造e.g.Thepolicewereaccusedoffabricatingevidence.embody:v.obeaverygoodexampleofanideaorquality体现e.g.SheembodieseverythingIadmireinateacher.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsdelectable:adj.extremelypleasanttotasteorsmell令人愉快的e.g.Delectablesmellsrosefromthekitchen.unpredictable:adj.changingalotsoitisimpossibletoknowwhatwillhappen不可预测的e.g.Britainiswellknownforitsunpredictableweather.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsReadingthetextanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).1.ThefemaledemoncametoNingdeandoccupiedtheJingtaimountainformeatball.2.ThebeautylovingdemondemandedtheresidentsatthefootofJingtaimountaintosendyoungboystodressherupeveryday.3.Finally,thefemaledemonwasdefeatedanddrivenawaybythelocalpeopleofNingde.4.ThefolkloreofFudingmeatslicesembodieslocalpeople’sdiligenceandwisdom.5.ThefolkloreofFudingmeatslicesisbasedonthesincerelovebetweenMissSuandDongQi.6.BothDongQiandWuWangsanwererequiredtorespectivelymakeadishonsitetoentertaintheeightguests.7.ThelegendaboutSatayNoodlesshowstheinfluenceofIndonesianfoodcultureonChineseone.8.Themotherturnedblindbecauseshekeptcryingforherlosthusband.9.TheyoungmanreturnedXiamenafter10yearsfromIndia.10.Accordingtothelegend,theSatayaddedintothenoodleshelpedthemothergetbackherlong-losttaste.UnderstandingthetextLanguageExercisesReadingFFFTFTTFFTTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsII.Discussthefollowingquestionsinsmallgroups.Whytherearemanyfairytalesorlegendsaboutlocaldelicacies?Whatarethefunctionsofthesetalesorlegends?Doyouknowanyotherlegendconcerningtheabove-mentionedthreedishes:Ningdemeatball,Fudingmeatslices,XiamenSataynoodles?UnderstandingthetextLanguageExercisesReadingTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsI.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReading法国人和英国人代表了欧洲人对食物的不同态度：法国人吃得很热情，而英国人吃得很敷衍。在吃这件事情上，中国人的天性决定其更倾向于法国人。英国国民的生活方式导致人们不认真对待食物，让它沦为一种粗制滥造的生意。英语没有“烹饪”一词：他们称之为“做饭”。他们也没有“主厨”一词，他们只是称他为做饭的。

ThedifferenceofattituderegardingtheproblemoffoodisrepresentedinEuropebytheFrenchandtheEnglish.TheFrencheatenthusiastically,whiletheEnglisheatperfunctorily.TheChinesenationalgeniusdecidedlyleanstowardtheFrenchinthematteroffeedingourselves.TheEnglishnationalwayoflifeleadstonottakingfoodseriouslyandallowingittodegenerateintoaslipshodbusiness.TheEnglishlanguagedoesnotprovideawordforcuisine:theycallitjust“cooking.”Theyhavenoproperwordforchef:theyjustcallhimacook.TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsI.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReading事实是，英国人不承认他们有胃，也没有适合谈论胃的话题，除非它恰巧“生病”或“疼痛”。结果是，虽然法国人会用在英国人看来不礼貌的手势谈论他厨师的烹饪，而英国人很难在谈论给他做饭的人做的食物时不损害他语言的美。英国人对食物关心甚少，他们更关心如何增强自己抵御流感的能力，并节省医生的费用。Thetruthis,theEnglishdonotadmitthattheyhaveastomach.Nostomachisfitforconversationunlessithappenstobe“sick”or“aching.”TheresultisthatwhiletheFrenchmanwilltalkaboutthecuisineofhischefwith--whatseemstotheEnglishmind--immodestgestures,theEnglishmancanhardlyventuretotalkaboutthe“food”ofhis“cook”withoutimpairingthebeautyofhislanguage.TheEnglishcarelessaboutfood,butareinterestedinishowtostrengthenthemselvesagainstinfluenzaandsavethedoctor’sbills.TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsII.Fillintheblankswiththewordsprovided,andchangetheformifnecessary.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingrecipe poems Legend history lotusleave superiorvegetarian cuisine ingredient seasoningWitha______ofmorethanonehundredyears,BuddhaJumpsovertheWallhasbeenrankedthetopcourseinFujian______.Thenumberofingredientsforthedishrangesfromadozentomanymore,includingmain______suchasseacucumbers,abalones,driedscallops,driedrazorclams,porktendons,ham,quaileggs,chickenbreastsanddriedshiitakemushrooms.The______containginger,springonion,cinnamon,Shaoxingricewine,etc.Beforethecookingstarts,themainingredientsarelayeredinsideaShaoxingricewinepot,andthenstockandricewineareadded.Afterthat,thepotistightlysealedwith______.Thestewiscookedatahighheatuntilitboils,followedbyaslowsimmerfor3to4hours.Whenthepotisopened,aricharomafillsthewholehouse.history

cuisine

ingredients

seasonings

lotusleaves

TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsII.Fillintheblankswiththewordsprovided,andchangetheformifnecessary.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingrecipe poems Legend history lotusleave superiorvegetarian cuisine ingredient seasoning______hasitthat,inthelateQingDynasty(1616-1911),agovernmentofficialofFuzhouinvitedhis______tohishomefordinner.Asagestureofhospitality,thehostesspersonallymadeaspecialdish.ShetookoutaShaoxingricewinepot,filleditwithsometwentyingredients,andleftittosimmeratalowheat.Thedishdelightedhissuperior,whoimmediatelysenthischef,ZhengChunfa,forthe______.Yearswentby,ZhengChunfastartedhisownbusiness,becomingtheownerofarestaurantcalled“Juchunyuan”.Oneday,severalliteratifeastedonthedishinhisrestaurant,andcomposed______inpraiseofit.Onepoetreadhispoemaloud:“Potuncovered,aromaarosetall.during

infrontof

without

of

TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsII.Fillintheblankswiththewordsprovided,andchangetheformifnecessary.Understanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingrecipe poems Legend history lotusleave superiorvegetarian cuisine ingredient seasoningTempted,Buddhajumpedoverthewall.”ZhengChunfawasinspiredandimmediatelynamedhisdish“BuddhaJumpsovertheWall”,meaningthateventhe______monkcouldnotresistthetemptationofthisenticingmeat-baseddish.during

infrontof

without

of

TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingIII.Retellthestorymentionedin“LegendsofLocalDelicacies”.IV.SpeakonthefollowingtopicsinEnglish.Shareonelocalcuisinefromyourhometownwiththeclass.SelectaChinesefoodthathasastoryorlegendtosharewithforeignvisitorstoChina.ComparetheeatinghabitsofChinesepeoplewiththoseofanothercountry.TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingV.CriticalthinkingPleaseconductathoroughinvestigationintotheconnectionbetweenfoodandgeographicalconditions,comparingandcontrastingtheeatinghabitsofChineseandBritish/Americanindividualsfromeconomic,historical,andgeographicalperspectives.Additionally,youarerequiredtoexaminehowfoodshapesnationalidentity,takingintoconsiderationhistoricaleventsandculturaltraditionscontributingtothephenomenon.Lastly,exploretheimpactofglobalizationonfoodconsumptionandpreferencesinbothcountries.HaveWesterndietaryhabitsbecomemoreprevalentinChina?Conversely,haveChinesefoodsgainedpopularityinWesternmarkets?Youranalysisshouldbewell-researched,comprehensive,andsupportedbyevidence,showcasinganuancedunderstandingofthedynamicrelationshipbetweenfood,geography,culture,andhistory.TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingIntroductiontoCharlesDickens

CharlesDickens(bornFebruary7,1812,Portsmouth,Hampshire,England—diedJune9,1870,Gad’sHill,nearChatham,Kent)Englishnovelist,generallyconsideredthegreatestoftheVictorianera.HismanyvolumesincludesuchworksasAChristmasCarol,DavidCopperfield,BleakHouse,ATaleofTwoCities,GreatExpectations,andOurMutualFriend.TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingDavidCopperfield,publishedseriallyin1849–50andinbookformin1850.DavidCopperfieldhasalwaysbeenamongDickens’smostpopularnovelsandwashisown“favouritechild.”Theworkissemiautobiographical,and,althoughthetitlecharacterdiffersfromhiscreatorinmanyways,Dickensrelatedearlypersonalexperiencesthathadmeantmuchtohim—hisworkinafactory,hisschoolingandreading,and(morecursorily)hisemergencefromparliamentaryreportingintosuccessfulnovelwriting.TextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingChoosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions:Whatdoestheword“Micawberism”mean?A.lazyfreeloaders B.theimprovidentstateorhabituallyoptimisticpointofviewC.self-righteous,stuffy D.self-complacence,self-satisfaction2.Whocookedforthepartyatthebeginning?A.Mrs.Crupp B.Mr.Micawber C.Mrs.Micawber D.David3.Thefollowingdishesarepresented,exceptA.soles B.mutton C.ham D.pigeon-pieTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingChoosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions:4.Whoseideaturnedafailurebanquetintoahappybarbecue?A.Mrs.Crupp B.Mr.Micawber C.Mrs.Micawber D.David5.Allthepeoplecouldnothaveenjoyedthefeastmore,exceptA.Mrs.Crupp B.Mr.Micawber C.Mrs.Micawber D.TraddlesUNIT6ChineseFestivalsandFamilyLearningObjectivesGiveaspeechonaChinesefestivalLearnaboutexpressionsonfestival1TalkaboutChinesefestivals23QuotationsIfyoutakemythandfolklore,andthesethingsthatspeakinsymbols,theycanbeinterpretedinsomanywaysthatalthoughtheactualimageisclearenough,theinterpretationisinfinitelyblurred,asortofenormousrainbowofeverypossiblecoloryoucouldimagine.--DianaWynneJonesTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingQuotations

Folkloreistheperfectsecondskin.Fromunderitshide,wecanseealltheshimmering,shadowyuncertaintiesoftheworld.--JaneYolenTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingFolkloreandCustomsofFilialPietyandReunionFestivalsTextWords&ExpressionsQuotationsUnderstanding

thetextLanguageExercisesReadingMostChinesepeoplearefamiliarwiththeDoubleNinthFestivalasadaytohonorandshowrespecttotheelderlyinChina.However,forthepeopleofFujianprovince,thereisanotherspecialdaydedicatedtofilialpietytowardstheaged,knownasthe“AogaoFestival”.ThisuniquefolktraditionalfestivaliscelebratedinFuzhouandisalsoknownasthe“FilialPietyFestival”.Onthe29thdayofthefirstlunarmonth,everyfamilyinFuzhouwakesupearlytocookaspecialsweetporridgecalled“Aogaoporridge”.Thisporridgeismadefromglutinousrice,brownsugar,peanuts,reddates,waterchestnuts,sesame,longan,andotheringredients.Familiesusethisporridgetoworshiptheirancestorsandofferittotheirrelativesandfriendsasagift.The“AogaoFestival”originatesfromthelegendof“Mulianwhoallegedly

rescuedhismother”.Accordingtothelegend,Mulian’smotherwaslockedupinacellintheunderworld.Mulianusedtobringdeliciousfoodforhismother,buttheguardswouldalwayseatitbeforeshecouldhaveany.Totricktheguards,Mulianmixedwaterchestnuts,peanuts,reddates,longans,brownsugar,andglutinousricetomakesweetporridge.Heputitinabowlwithahandfulofblacksesameandsentittohismother.Whentheprisonguardfoundtheporridgewasblack,heasked,“what’sthis?”Muliancasuallyreplied,“It’sAogaoporridge.”InFuzhoudialect,“gao”,whichsoundsthesameas“9”,means“dirty”.Theguardbelievedthattheporridgewasdirtyanddidnotdaretoeatit.Eventually,Mulian’smotherwasabletoenjoytheAogaoporridge.Therefore,thesweetporridgeisknownas“Aogaoporridge”becauseofitsblackcolorand“FilialPietyporridge”becauseofMulian’sdevotiontohismother.Additionally,inFujianculture,thefirstlunarmonthisdividedinto“three9s”,withthe9th,19th,and29thbeingknownas“uppernine”,“middlenine”,and“lastnine”,respectively.Thus,theporridgemadeonthe29thisalsoreferredtoas“lastnineporridge”.AsMulian’smotherwas29yearsoldwhenshewasimprisoned,Fuzhoupeopletraditionallybelievethatindividualswithanagecontaininga“9”maycourtmisfortuneandrequiremoreblessings.Asaresult,ithasbecomeacustomforpeoplewhoseagecontainsa“9”(suchas9,19,29,oranynumberendingin9)orisamultipleofnine(suchas18,27,36,oranynumbercovertlycontaining9)toeatabowlofthreadnoodlesforgoodhealthandpeaceonthisday,similartocelebratingtheirbirthdays.Additionally,marrieddaughtersareexpectedtosendabowlof“Aogaoporridge”witheggsandpigtrotterstotheirparents’homesasasignofrespect.Besidethetraditionalactivitiesofmoonworshipingandeatingmooncakes,XiamenpeoplehavedevelopedauniquecustomtocelebratetheMidAutumnFestival,knownastheBoCake.Legendhasitthatmorethan300yearsago,whenGeneralZhengChenggongstationedtroopsinXiamen,hissoldiersoftenfelthomesickduringtheMidAutumnFestival.Inordertoboostmoraleandprovideasenseofcomfort,Zheng’ssubordinate,HongXu,inventedadicegamblinggameandhelda“Mid-AutumnFestivalCake”party.Thegamewasplayedwithsixdiceandabowl,allowingsoldierstorollthediceinturn.Dependingonthenumberofredspotsonthedice,playerscouldwindifferentprizessuchasZhuangyuan(thefirstprize),Bangyan(thesecondplace),Tanhua(thethirdplace),Jinshi(thefourthplace),Juren(thefifthplace),orXiucai(thesixthplace).Ifallsixdiceshowedfourpoints,thewinnercouldclaimallthemooncakesonthetable.Ifthesixdiceshowedallthenumbersexceptfour,thelightswouldbeturnedoff,andeveryonewouldgrabthemoo