江苏省南京市玄武高级中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期中英语试卷++

2021—2022学年高一下学期玄武高级中学期中英语试卷第二部分阅读理解（共两节满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAvisittoTowerBridge40,000peoplecrossTowerBridgeeachday.Nowyoucanseeinsideit.GlassFloorTheGlassFloormeasures11metreslongand1.8metreswide,includingpanels（嵌板）weighing530kilogramseach.Itisnowondertheinstallation（安装）tooka20-strongteamtocompleteit!SeeLondonlifethroughtheGlassFloor,fromauniqueviewpoint42metresabovetheRiverThames,and33.5metresaboveroadlevel.Watchthehustleandbustle（熙熙攘攘）ofthecityrightbeneathyourfeet.EngineRoomsImmerse（沉浸）yourselfinthisatmosphericspace.whereexcitinginteractivities,filmsandphotographswillexploreandexplaintheroleofthisworkplaceattheheartofTowerBridge.FamilyActivitiesOurfamilyactivitiesareFREEwithentryandareofferedthroughouttheday.Dropinandjoininontheflu.Itisopentochildrenofallagesbutisparticularlyappropriateforthoseaged6to10.RelaxedOpeningOnceamonthonaSaturday.wehostRelaxedOpeningforanyonewhowouldliketoexploretheBridgeinaatmosphere,includingpeoplewithautism（自闭症）andanyotherneeds.Time:10:30,10:50and11:10.PleasenotethatTowerBridgewillopentothegeneralpublicagainat11:30butyouarewelcometostayforaslongasyoulike.Tickets&PricesTickettypePriceAdult£10.60Child(aged5-15)£5.30Senior(aged60+withID)£7.90Disabledchild(aged5-15)£4.00Under5sUnder5sOpeningTimesOpendailyfrom9:30to18:00.21.WhatisthedistancebetweentheGlassFloorandtheRiverThames?A.11metres. B.20metres. C.33.5metres. D.42metres.22.Whatisaspecialtreatforvisitorswithchildren?A.Exploringthebridgeuntil7p.m. B.Seeingfilmsaboutthebridge’shistory.C.Enjoyingfamilyactivitiesfreeofcharge. D.ExperiencingaquieterbridgeonSundays.23.Howmuchwillamiddle-agedmanpayifhevisitsTowerBridgewithahealthy10-year-oldboy?A.£18.50 B.£15.90 C.£14.60 D.£13.20BAsamarineecologist(海洋生态学家),CharlotteYoungcanoftenseeunforgettablesights.Butnothinghastouchedherquitelikeanexperienceshehadwhileshewasdoingwildliferesearchwithherpartner,GeorgeChislett.TheBritishcouplewassearchingforturtlehatchlings(刚孵化的小海龟)onabeachinOmanwhentheycameacrossacreaturewhoreallyneededtheirhelp.Hopelesslystuckinnrockycrevice(裂缝)wasalargegreenseaturtle.Theturtlehadbeenonherwaybacktothewaterafterlayingeggswhenshefellbetweentherocks.Whileshetriedtoescape,hereffortsonlymadehergetmoredeeplystuckinthecrevice.Withouthelp,shewouldhavedied,butinsteadshefellintotheperfectpair’shands.ButfreeingherwasnoeasytaskGreenseaturtlescanweighupto350pounds,whichmeantCharlottewasn’tstrongenoughtoliftherout.EvenwithGeorge’shelp,shewasn’tabletomovethehelplesscreature.Theyfruitlesslypushedandpulledforsometimebeforerealizingtheywouldhavetotrysomethingelse.Meanwhile,thepoorturtlewasexperiencingmoreandmoreanguish.That’swhentheyhadabrightidea.Theysawapieceofwoodnearbyandwonderedifitwouldmakegoodleverage(杠杆作用).Itdid!Withtheboardwedged(楔入)undertheturtle,theyfinallybeganmakingprogress.Usingalltheirremainingstrength,CharlotteandGeorgeliftedherupandoutofherprison!“Wedidit!”CharlottecriedassheandGeorgecelebratedwithahighfive.ThankgoodnessCharlotteandGeorgewereintherightplaceattherighttime—andhadthedeterminationandcreativityneededtosavetheturtle.24.WhatdoweknowaboutCharlotteYoung?A.Shemarriedamarineecologist. B.Shewasdoingresearchonturtles.C.Shemettheturtleonherwaytowork. D.Shewenttothebeachtosaveanimals.25.Whathappenedtothelargegreenseaturtle?A.Shewastrappedbetweenrocks. B.Shelaidhereggsinnrockycrevice.C.Shewastootiredtogobacktoyesea. D.Shealmostescapedwhenshesawthecouple26.Whatdoestheunderlineword“anguish”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Fear. B.Stress. C.Suffering. D.Confusion.27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Anamazingrescue. B.Animpossibletask.C.Anexcitingadventure. D.Anunexpecteddiscovery.CAfteramonthoffiresthatgaveoffrecord-breakingamountsofpollutinggas,smokefromSiberianwildfiresisnowmakingitswaytothewestcoastoftheUnitedStates.TheNewYorkTimes’SominiSenguptareportsthatArcticwildfiresinJune2020causedmorepollutionthanthedata(数据)thathadbeencollectedintheprevious18years.SeasonalwildfiresarecommoninSiberia,butthisyear’sfiresareunusuallywidespreadinpartbecauseofaclimatechange-drivenheatwave.TheArcticisexperiencingclimatechange-drivenwarmingfasterthantherestoftheearth,whichsetsupthedryconditionsthatmakefiresspread.“Iwassurprisedtoseeafireburning10kilometerssouthofabayoftheLaptevSea,whichislike,theseaicefactoryoftheworld,”saidfireresearcherJessicaMcCartyfromMiamiUniversityinOhio.“WhenIwentintofirescienceasanundergraduatestudent,ifsomeonehadtoldmeI’dbestudyingfireregimes（管强体制）inGreenlandandtheArctic,Iwouldhavelaughedatthem.”ThisJune’sArcticfiresbeatthepollutionrecordsetin2019,saidMarkParrington,whoworkswiththeCopernicusAtmosphereMonitoringServicetrackingworldwidewildfires.Someofthefiresmayhavespentthewintermonthssmoldering（闷燃）onlytogrowagaininwarmerwenther.AndtheweatherhascertainlygottenwarmerInJune,aRussiantownabovetheArcticcirclecalledVerkhoyanskhitahightemperatureof100,4degreesFahrenheit.ThecurrentsituationintheArcticcircleshowsthatpreviouspredictions（预测）“underestimatewhatisgoingoninreality,”earthscientistVladmirRomanovskysold.HeaddedthattemperatureobservationintheHighArcticmadeinthelast15yearsweren’texpectedforanotherseventyyears.Millionsofacresoflandareonfirethiswildfireseason.MostofthewildfiresarelocatedinSiberia’sSakhaRepublic,whichseeswildfiresfrequently,butfiresarealsospreadingfurthernorthandintounusualecosystems,likethosethatarecharacterizedbypermafrost（永冻土）.28.Whatmade2020Arcticwildfiresextremelywidespread?A.Thewarmerclimate. B.Strongerseasonalwinds.C.Morefirescausedbyhumans. D.Humans’poorercontrolofthem.29.WhatdidJessicaMcCartywanttosayinparagraph3?A.SheusedtolaughatthosewhostudiedtheArctic.B.ShehaddecidedtobeafirefighterinGreenland.C.SheusedtothinkfiresrarelyhappenedintheArctic.D.Shehadshownlittleinterestinstudyingfirescience.30.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.TheArcticfiresmaygooutinwinter.B.2020Arcticfiresmayberelatedtothosein2019.C.ThepollutionrecordintheArcticisbrokeneachyear.D.2020ArcticfiresaffectedtemperaturesacrossRussia.31.Whatcantheunderlinedword“underestimate”inparagraph5bebestreplacedby?A.Referto. B.Focuson. C.Judgeincorrectly D.Ignorecompletely.DTherehasbeenarecentwaveinHollywoodwherestudiostakepopularanimated（动画的）filmsand“improve”uponthembychangingthemintolive-actionremakes.Thethoughtthatlive-actionmoviesarebetterbecausetheyfollowthelawsofthenaturalworlddegradesthestyleofanimation.Thebeautyofanimationisthatitsuseofcaricatures（漫画）andexaggerations（夸张）reflectsanamazingamountofcreativedepthincharactersstoriesthatrealitycannot.Lookingatthebiggerpicture,itbecomesclearthatthetruepurposeofDisney’severgrowinglistoflive-actionremakesisnottocommentonthevalueofanimation,althoughitindirectlydoes,butaquickwaytotakeadvantageofnostalgic（怀旧的）fans.Forevidence,looknofurtherthanDisney’s2019TheLionKinglive-actionremake,aretellingofthe1994animatedclassic.Itbrokeseveralboxofficerecords,rakinginawhopping$543.6milliongloballyinboxofficesalesalone.However,incomparisontotheoriginal,theaudiencesatisfactionwiththeremakedecreasedgreatlyonRottenTomatoes.ThisissimilartothetheremakesofBeautyandtheBeast,Cinderella,Dumbo,Aladdin,andthecountlessotherlive-actionremakesDisneyhasproducedwithinthelast5years.ThismeansthatDisneynolongerneedstocomeupwithnewandoriginalcontentbecausetheycanmakeabigprofitjustbytakingbelovedstoriesandremakingthem.Infact,Disneylooksatitselfasabusiness,andthereforeconsidersmakingaprofitasoneoftheirmainaims.Theproblemwiththismentality（心态）isthat,whileDisneymakesahugeprofit,audiences,artists,andartsuffer.Theymaynolongercreatenewstoriesorartstyles,butratherserveasmoney-makingmachinesthatrequiredirectorstoproducethesamestorieswithafreshcoatofpaintevery10yearsorso.Ifthiscyclecontinues,artistswillbeheldbackfromcreatingnewlovablecharactersandstoriesfullofcreativity.ThefeelingofnostalgiawhenweseeoldDisneyfilmscouldpossiblyneverhappen-tonewergenerationsifthiscycledoesnotstop.32.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoflive-actionremakes?A.TheyslowdownHollywooddevelopment.B.They’vefailedtobecomeapopularartform.C.Theyarepooratshowingthebeautyofnature.D.Theydestroytheartisticexpressionofanimation.33.Whatmakesanimationattractive?A.Itbasesitsstoriesonreality. B.Itusesmanyspecialeffects.C.Itexplorescharactersfully. D.Itbringsbackfans’memories.34.Whydoestheauthormentionthelive-actionremakesinparagraph3?A.TotellusDisneyhasgivenupitsoriginality.B.ToshowDisneyhasfocusedmoreonmakingmoney.C.Toprovetoomanyremakeshavebeenproduced.D.Toshowaudienceshavehighexpectationsofremakes.35.WhatiswrongwithDisney’schoice?A.ItreducesDisney’sincomes. B.Itdemandsmorefromdirectors.C.Ithurtsnew-generationaudiences. D.Itcausesartiststobelesscreative.第二节七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Alotofhealthcareareconnectedwithbeingaroundtrees.(36)________Accordingtoone2015study,awalkinthewoodscanmakeyoufeelsevenyearsyounger.Theyalsodoagreatdealofgoodfortheenvironmentbyreducingairpollutionandtakingincarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere.(37)________AnewstudybyresearchersatUniversityCollegeLondonfoundthatthetreesintheLondonBorough（自治市）ofCamdenstoreasmuchcarbonperhectare（公顷）asrainforests.Atree’sabilitytotakeincarbondioxideisespeciallyusefulwhenthetree.isincitiesortowns,wheretherearetoomanyindustrialactivities.Forthestudy,theresearchersusedlaserscanningmethodstotaketheirowncarbonreadingsoftreesfromthegroundaswellastheair.(38)________Theywereabletoknowthereareabout85,000treesinCamden,wheretheuniversityisbased.TheydeterminedthatCamdenhadamediancartondensity（浓度）ofaround55tonsofcarbonperhectare(t/ha).Greenerareasoftheborough,likeHighgateCemetery,hadacarbondensityof380t/ha—levelsthataretypicallyseeninrainforests.(39)________Sowhatexactlydoesthismean?Treescouldhelpcooltheatmospherebyremovingcarbondioxidefromtheair.However,someclimatescientistsarguethatit’smorecomplicated（复杂的）thanthat.(40)________Still,withalloftheotherbenefitstreesoffer,plantingaseedortwocouldn’thurt.A.Weneedtoprotecttheoneswealreadyhave.B.Globalwarmingishappeningatafasterratethanever.C.Thesebenefitsaren’tjustfeltinthecountryside,either.D.Forcomparison,majorcitiesintheUShaveacarbondensityof7.7.E.Theyhavebeenknowntoreducepeople’sstressandimproveoverallmentalhealth.F.ThentheycomparedtheirfindingswiththedatafromtheUKEnvironmentAgency.G.Theythinktheimpactoftree-plantingactivitiestodaymaynotbeseenformanyyears.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I’veneverreallyunderstoodwhymoreOscarwinnersdon’tthanktheirteachers.Yes,familyandyour“team”areagiven.Butwhataboutthe41whohelpedyougettowhereyouarenow?Iwas42enoughtohavealotofgreatteachers,butoneinparticular43thepersonIamtoday:LinRobbins.Shewasalwayssmilingandhadendless44.Shewasnotaskmaster,andtherewasno45love,justexcitementaboutwhatshecouldteachus.MissRobbinsoncegavemeacopyofTheCatcherintheRye.Idon’tknow46shedidthis—itwasn’tanassignment（作业）.Shejustgavemeacopyofthebookandsaid,“Ithinkyou’llreally47this.”Thisbookinspiredmetostart48,andIhaven.tstoppedsince.AfterImovedontohighschool,Iwouldstill49andsharemyworkwithMissRobbins.Shereaditall,andtoldmetwo50words:Keep.Writing.Ihaven’tsoldascreenplay.But,IknowthatIhaveto51writing.AndIalso52whoIshouldthankonanywinner’spodium（讲台）Igetmyhandson.MissRobbins,I’m53thatshesawwhateveritisshesawinme,andthatshegavemethe54Ineededtobecomeawriter.So,don’tmissouton55yourteacher-hero.They’retheoneswhomakeuswhoweare.41.A.friends B.classmates C.parents D.teachers42.A.serious B.wealthy C.proud D.lucky43.A.shaped B.respected C.knew D.contacted44.A.imagination B.energy C.courage D.confidence45.A.true B.tough C.special D.blind46.A.how B.when C.why D.if47.A.notice B.like C.expect D.miss48.A.writing B.reading C.editing D.learning49.A.showoff B.turnback C.setout D.dropby50.A.valuable B.reasonable C.necessary D.attractive51.A.start B.keep C.enjoy D.try52.A.know B.wonder C.understand D.guess53.A.grateful B.concerned C.curious D.shocked54.A.impact B.challenge C.push D.strike55.A.refusing B.forgetting C.comforting D.thanking第二节语法填空（共10题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Scientistsareutilizing（利用）newtechnologythatallowsthem56.________(study)millionsofsmallearthquakesinthehope57.________beingabletopredict（预测）thenextbigone.ThestudycomesoutoftheLosAlamousNationalLaboratory.Itshowshowadvancingcomputertechnologyisnowabletoread10timesthenumberofearthquakespreviously58.________(record),aslocalexpertsofgeology,PatrickAbbottexplained.“We59.________(know)sincethe1800sthatearthquakescomeinswarms（群）—yougetsmallerones,andalotofaftershocksaswell;butwehaveneverbeenabletotellthedifferencebetweenaforeshock60.________abigshockuntilafterwards,youlookbackoverit,”explainedAbbott.“youstartwith:hereistheshakingfromoneearthquake,hereistheshakingfromanotherone,andtrytosort61.________(they)alloutanditturnsoutthereisalmost62.________(exact)10timesasmanyearthquakesaswehadthought.”Thenewtechnologyshowedsomesmallearthquakes63.________hadneverbeenpickedupbefore;likeamagnitude（震级）ofnegative2.0.Thoseearthquakesareconsideredinvisible（看不见的）butby64.________(see)themcollectivelynow,scientistscanseewherethosehappenedbeforea4.0magnitudequake.Hesaidthestudydoesnotsolvetheproblemofpredictingearthquakes,butseeingwhensmalleronesareshakinggives65.________(researcher)abettershotatpredictingabiggerone.第四部分基础知识（共两节，满分15分）第一节单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）根据句意，写出所给单词的正确形式。66.Thismedicineis________(poison)iftakeninlargequantities.67.Itisagreatreliefthatitrainsafteralongtimeof________(dry).68.Ifcancersarefoundearly,there’sahighchanceof________(survive).69.It’sreportedthatallthefarmerswillbelinedoutof________(poor)bynextyear.70.Thewide________(apply)ofAIineveryfieldwillmakearevolutionarychangetotheworld.71.Itisyourdutytokeepyourboss________(inform)ofthesituationhere.72.Theboyexplainedthathediditjustsatisfyhis________(curious).73.Trafficlightsaretheretoguidetrafficinan________(order)way.74.Aftertheexam,Ifeltanincrediblesenseof________(relieve).75.Hetookoutanoldmapandbegantolookforthevillage’s________(locate).第二节从方框中选择恰当的短语并用其适当形式填空（共10小题：每小题0.5分，满分5分）giveriseto;dodamageto;keepone’shead;atlarge;farandwide;haveanimpacton;buildup;getridof;safeandsound;breakout76.Themoreconfidenceyou________inyourself,thegreateryourchancesofsuccessare.77.Thestormlastedawholeday,________thecrops.78.Delaysatthispointintheprojectmay________bothdeliveryandcost.79.Whatgreatdifficultythegovernmenthas________theairpollution!80.Apartfromthehealthproblem,arangeofdefects（缺陷）would________aseriesofdangers.81.Wealladmirehim,forhealways________whenindanger.82.Tendayslater,thesoldierreturnedhome,________.83.Wehavealwaystriedtoprovidethepublic________withthelatestnews.84.Thefoodinthisregionwasinshortsupplyafterthewar________.85.Thenewshasspread________inthetownnearbysofar.第三节完成句子（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）86.老师在课上做了一些幽默的评论，给课堂注入了活力。Theteachermadehumorousremarksinclass,________________________ourclass.87.昨晚出席音乐会的是著名歌手和他的歌迷。________________________________________thefamoussingertogetherwithhisfanslastnight.88.她突然想到她是唯一一个知道此消息的人。________________________________________shewastheonlyonetoknowthenews.89.写下电话号码以免你忘记。Writethetelephonenumberdown________________________________.90.他们正在讨论那些伤者，这时医生进来了。They________________________________________________thedoctorcamein.第二部分写作阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。OncetherewasawomannamedVivianwhowastheonlychildofherfather.Herfatherwasabigandsuccessfulbusinessmanwhoownedsevenstarrestaurants.Hedideverythingonlyforhisdaughter.Vivianwassenttothebestuniversityabroad.Althoughshehadeverything,theonlythingsheneverownedwasrespectofanotherpeople.WhenViviancamebackaftergraduationandherfatheraskedhertojoinhiscompanyasanaccountant（会计）,shewasnaturallynothappywiththat.Shewantedtoworkinahigherpostbutherfatherwantedhertostarasanordinarygirl.“Dad,Istudiedinthemostexceptionaluniversityabroadandgotabettereducationthananyoftheemployees（雇员）whoworkunderyou.Still,youwantmetoworkunderthem?”saidVivianunhappily.Vivian’sfatherlookedatherwithasmileonhisface.Vivianwasannoyedbyherfather’sreactionbutsheagreedtoworkasanaccountantintheend.Aftersomemonths,therewasanemergencysituationinthecompany.Oneoftherestaurantswasshortofemployeesbecauseofasuddenresignation（辞职）,sotheywereshortonpeopletodootherchoresaroundthepaceandcookfoodfast.Vivian’sfatheraskedhertohelpthatrestaurantwithhimandtheotheremployees.Whensheenteredtherestaurant,shewashitbtheairoftensionaroundtheemployees.Everybodywasbusydoingsomethingofotherandtherewasamessaroundtherestaurant.Whenshewen