（江苏卷）高考英语冲刺卷01-人教版高三英语试题

注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间120分钟。2．答题前考生务必用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息。3．考试作答时，请将答案正确地填写在答题卡上。第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；第Ⅱ卷请用直径0.5毫米的黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。注意事项：1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。2.回答第Ⅰ卷时，每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在试卷上无效。3.回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案填写在答题卡上，写在试卷上无效。4.考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第I卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有15秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.HowwillthewomangettoBarcelona? A.Byship.B.Bytrain.C.Byplane.2.Whendidthetrainleave?:.Com] A.At11:05 B.At11:15 C.At11:25.3.Whatdoesthemanmean? A.MarywillleaveforBeijingsoon. B.PeterwillleaveBeijingsoon. C.MarywillleaveforAmericasoon.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace? A.Atarestaurant. B.Atanairport. C.Inanhotel.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean? A.Shedoesn’twanttoeatanything. B.Shewantstoeatsomething. C.Sheisgettingbetternow.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听第6段材料，回答第6—7题。6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers? A.Reporterandinterviewee. B.Formerclassmates. C.Husbandandwife.7.Whatdoesthewomanliketodoontheweekends? A.Designthings. B.Workoncomputers. C.Paint.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatistheconversationabout?A.Choosingajob. B.Comparingdifferentmedia. C.Introducinginteractivemedia.9.Whatisthewomanmostinterestedin? A.BeingaTVnewsdirector. B.Beinganewspaperreporter C.Workingwithcomputers.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.What’sthewoman? A.Sheisajuniorstudent B.Sheisaprofessor C.Sheisateachingassistant.11.Whatistheman’sfirstresponsetothewoman’srequest? A.Hedoesnotintendtogivethecourse. B.Hedoesnotthinkthecoursewillinteresther. C.Hethinksthecoursewillbetoodifficultforher.12.Whatdoesthewomansaytopersuadetheman? A.Thatsheisreallywellprepared. B.Thatsheisjustajunior. C.ThatshefoundBerman’scourseboring.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace? A.Athome. B.Onabus. C.Inacar.14.Wheredothespeakersplantogo? A.Tothedowntownarea. B.Tothevillage. C.Tothethirdstreet..15.Whyisthewomanworried? A.Shedoesn’tknowhowtogettobank.B.Shethinksshewillbelatefortheparty. C.Shedoesnotknowwhomtoaskfordirections.16.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext? A.Stopandaskthepoliceman. B.Gotothebankforhelp. C.Turnleftatthenextblock.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题17.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout? A.Thedifficultiesinapplyingforacreditcard. B.Differenttypesofcreditcards. C.Thingstonoticewhenchoosingacreditcard.18.Whyisiteasytoapplyforacreditcard? A.Creditcardoffersareeverywhere. B.Creditcardoffersoftensoundgood. C.Therearedifferentcardstochoosefrom.19.Whatkindsofcardsshouldyouapplyforifyouarenewtocreditcards? A.Cardswithalowinterestrate. B.Cardswithalowannualfee. C.Cardswithalowcreditlimit.20.Howmanyquestionsshouldyouconsiderbeforeapplyingforacreditcard? A.3. B.4. C.5.答案：1-5CACBB6-10BCACA11-15CACBB16-20ACBCC第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分35分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Somepeoplethinkit________privilegetostudyabroad,butitdoesn'tmake_______senseifyougowhenyouevencannotlookafteryourself.A.a;/ B.a;the C.the;/ D.the;a【答案】A【解析】考查冠词用法。privilege是可数名词，意为“特权，荣幸”，并且此处表示泛指，故应用不定冠词a修饰。makesense是固定短语“有意义，讲得通”，故答案选A。【考点】考查冠词22.StudentsarenotrequiredtotaketheTOEELortheIELTStestbutwewelcomethesubmissionofyourscoreifyouhavetaken_____.A.bothB.noneC.eitherD.neither【答案】C【解析】考查代词辨析。代词both两者都（用于肯定句）；none一个也不；either(两者之中)任一的，通常用在肯定句的句末；either还可以用作副词(用在否定句中，且在句末)意为“也不,而且;根本”，例如：Ifyoudon'tgo,Iwon'teither.；neither两者都不；句意：我们不要求学生参加托福或雅思考试，但是如果你参加了这两种考试中的一种，我们欢迎你提交你的分数。【考点】考查代词辨析23.Allflights______becauseoftheairtrafficcontrol,thepassengershadtowaitinthehall.A.wereputoffB.havingputoffC.havingbeenputoffD.havebeenputoff【答案】C【考点】考查独立主格结构24.UKPrimeMinisterCameronhasbecomethefirstworldleader______toflyonboardAirForceOnewithUSPresidentObama.A.invitingB.invitedC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited【答案】B【解析】考查过去分词做定语。分析句子结构可知______toflyonboardAirForceOnewithUSPresidentObama.作定语修饰leader,动词invite与句子主语leader之间是被动关系，根据非谓语V-ed表被动关系和动作完成，故用invited作定语。考查分词作定语，首先要找出名词，看非谓语动词和名词之间的逻辑关系，主动用现在分词，被动用过去分词，如果表将来就用不定式作定语。如：Iknowtheboystandingunderthetree.句中boy与stand是主动关系，故用现在分词standingunderthetree在句中做定语。【考点】考查非谓语动词作定语25.Tobaccouseis_________for5millionor12%ofalldeathsofadultsabovetheageof30globallyeachyear.A.stubbornB.permanentC.accessibleD.responsible【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。形容词stubborn顽固的；permanent永久的；accessible可进入的，可接近的；responsible负责任的，有责任的；形容词短语beresponsiblefor对……负责任；句意：吸烟应对全球每年五百万或百分之五的三十岁以上成年人的死亡负责。【考点】考查形容词辨析26.—YouwantedtoleaveearlyandJackwantedtoleavelate?

—Yes,butwesplitthe________andleftatnoon. A.difference B.relation C.contradiction D.principle【答案】A【解析】考查短语辨析。名词difference差异；relation关系；contradiction矛盾；principle原则，校长。短语splitthedifference折中妥协。句意：—你要早走，他要迟走吗？—是的，但是我们折中一下，在中午走了。故选A。【考点】考查动词短语27.—Goodday,NanjingSeniorHighSchool.ThisisFangjiespeaking.HowmayIhelpyoutoday?—Oh…uh,I______ChangzhouNO.1SeniorHighSchool.Sorryaboutthat. A.lookedfor B.amlookingfor C.waslookingfor D.havebeenlookingfor【答案】C【考点】考查时态28.ProtesterscallingforahigherminimumwagegatheronTuesdayinMiami,Florida,aspartof__________organizerscalleda“dayofaction”nationwidetoimprovethesalariesoffastfoodworkersintheUnitedstates______arebadlypaid.A.which;who B.what;that C.what;how D.how;which【答案】B【解析】考查从句连词辨析。第一空用what引导宾语从句；第二空用that引导定语从句，that作为先行词salaries的关系代词，在从句中做主语。句意：作为被组织者称为提高美国快餐食品员工菲薄的工资的全国性“行动日”的一部分，反对者们在周二集中在迈阿密和佛罗里达要求提高最低工资。故选B。【考点】考查从句连词辨析29.______“Double11”,whichisquicklyturningintoChina’sbiggestgrassrootsfestival,somewhatoverlapswithValentine’sDayandprovidesanotheroccasionforloverstobuyeachothergifts,mostspendingonthatdaydoesn’tinvolveachangeofsinglestatus. A.Eversince B.Incase C.Eventhough D.Asthough【答案】C【解析】考查状语从句连词辨析。连词eversince从那时到现在；incase万一；eventhough尽管；asthough仿佛。连词eventhough引导让步状语从句。句意：尽管“双11”迅速变成中国最大的基层节日，跟情人节有点重复地给恋人们提供了一个买礼物给对方的理由，但是那一天大部分的开销并不能改变单身的状态。故选C。【考点】考查状语从句连词辨析30.Accordingtothecentralbank,the2015editionbillswillcirculate_______previouseditionsandwillhavethesamefacevalue.A.intermsof B.inparallelwith C.indefenceof D.incaseof【答案】B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。介词短语intermsof依据；inparallelwith与…同时；indefenceof保护；incaseof万一。据中央银行所说，句意：2015年新版的钞票同之前的版本一起流通使用，并且面值一样。故选B。【考点】考查介词短语辨析31.Sincethe18thnationalcongressofthePartyin2012,79seniorofficials,includingfivemembersoftheParty’scentralcommitteewhoonce__________,havebeeninvestigated.A.gottheirway B.gotawaywith C.gotawayfrom D.hadpowerover【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语。短语gettheirway为所欲为；getawaywith逃避惩罚；getawayfrom逃离；havepowerover控制。句意：自从2012年第18届政党全国代表大会以来，79名高级官员，包括5名为所欲为的党中央委员会的成员都被调查了。故选A。【考点】考查动词短语32._________acertaindoubtamongthestudentsastothenecessityofthework.

A.Itexisted B.Thereexisted C.Theyhad D.Therehad【答案】B【考点】考查倒装句33.I________inNanjingformanyyears,butI’veneverregrettedmyfinaldecisiontomovebacktoHuai’an.A.worked.B.wasworking.C.haveworked.D.Hadworked.【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态。本句表示我过去在南京工作，现在不在哪里工作了。这个动作没有延续到现在，也没有对现在产生影响。故不能用haveworked,而用worked。句意：我在南京工作了很多年，但是我从没有后悔最终搬回淮安的决定。故选A。【考点】考查动词时态34.—DoyouthinkIreally_____thebadhandwritinginyourcompositionatyesterday’smeeting?—Sure,Why_____youalwayspickholesineverythingIwrite?A.wouldn’thavementioned;can B.mustn’tmention;shouldC.shouldn’thavementioned;must D.couldn’tmention;would【答案】C【解析】考查虚拟语气和情态动词用法。情态动词wouldn’t不会；can会，能够；mustn’t禁止；should应该；shouldn’t不应该；must必须；非得；couldn’t不会，不能；would将。shouldn'thavedone意为“本不应该做某事，实际上却做了某事”，这是虚拟语气的相关用法，musthavedone意为“一定做了某事”，是对过去发生事情有把握的肯定推测。句意：—你真的认为在昨天的会议上我不应该（shouldn’t）提及你作文的字写得不好吗？—当然。为什么我写的所有的东西你非要挑毛病呢？故选C。【考点】考查虚拟语气和情态动词用法35.—Ijustcan’tbelievethatEllathecathasleftmeforever.—______andcry.Don’tholditin.A.Don’tworryB.GoaheadC.ForgetitD.Helpyourself【答案】B【考点】考查交际英语第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Todaythescientificcommunityisinalmosttotalagreementthattheearth’sclimateischangingandthatthisrepresentsahugethreattotheplanetandtous.Accordingtoasurvey,withonly69%acceptingtheearthiswarming—only1in4Americansseeglobalwarmingasamajorthreat,publicopinion___36_____thescientificconclusion.Climatescientistsandcampaignershavelongdebatedhowtobettercommunicatethemessagetononexpertssothatclimatesciencecanbe__37______intoaction.AccordingtoChristopherRapley,theusualtactic(策略)ofclimateexpertstoprovidethepublicwithinformationisn’t__38______because“itdoesnotaddresskeypotentialcauses.”Weareallexposedtotheevidenceofclimatechangeonanalmostadailybasis.Theinformationisalmost__39_________.Thenwhat’swrong?__40_____ourbrains.DanielGilbertmentionedourbrains’failuretoaccuratelynoticegradualchange.RobertGiffordalso_41________thepointaboutourbrains’difficultyingraspingclimatechangebecauseoflimitedcognitionandsocial_42_____withotherpeople(“WhyshouldwechangeifXwon’t?”)“Amorepowerfulbarrieristhe___43________ofperceived（感知的）behavioralcontrol;‘I’monlyoneperson;whatcanIdo?’iscertainlyabigone.Formany,thefirstchallengewillbeinrecognizingbarriers_44____theycanovercomethem”Butforthoseofuswhounderstandthatclimatechangeisaproblemyetmakelittleefforttocutthenumberofoverseastripswemakeortheamountofmeatweconsume,neithertheuncaringattitudenordenialreallyexplainsthe___45______betweenouractionsandbeliefs.Lertzmanhascometotheconclusionthattheconflictbetween____46____boththeplanetandourwayoflifeistoopainfultobear.“Whenwedon’t__47______thepainofthat,that’swhenweget_48______andcan’tmoveforward.”Lertzmanreferstothis_49_______as“environmentalmelancholia(忧郁症),”andpointsoutthatthere’salottobesaidforprovidingameans__50____acceptabletotalkabout.”RosemaryRandallsuggeststhatclimatechangeissucha(n)___51_______subjectthatit“canraisefearsandanxietiesthatpeoplefeelhaveno___52______inpoliteconversation.”Lertzmansaysthecommunityhasbeenslowtorealizethevalueofpsychology.Giffordsaysotherwise,___53_____—“climatechange,andnotmentalhealth,isthebiggestpsychologicalproblem”Despitethepain,shame,difficultyinfullyaddressingclimatechange,bothLertzmanandGiffordarestill__54_____aboutourabilitytofaceuptothechallenge.“Therecan’tbeanythingaboutthehumanmindthatstopsusstrugglingwiththeseissues,giventhatsomanypeople__55____are—maybethat’swhatweshouldbefocusingoninstead.”saysLertzman.36.A.accountsforB.fallsbehindC.wishesfor D.leavesbehind37.A.translated B.sprung C.forced D.sent38.A.revolutionary B.detailed C.popular D.enough39.A.unreliable B.unbearable C.unacceptable D.unavoidable40.A.Submit B.Control C.Blame D.Curse41.A.picksupon B.getsdownto C.throwsbackon D.looksupto42.A.connectionsB.comparisons C.competence D.development43.A.senseB.problem C.lack D.effect44.A.if B.though C.before D.since45.A.relationship B.disagreement C.gap D.balance46.A.caringabout B.takingon C.fightingagainst D.puttingaway47.A.feel B.process C.remember D.hide48.A.hit B.puzzled C.stuck D.stressed49.A.conflict B.event C.hesitation D.inability50.A.socially B.environmentallyC.culturally D.morally51.A.complex B.controversial C.awkward D.disturbing52.A.idea B.goal C.place D.choice53.A.somehow B.however C.therefore D.either54.A.optimistic B.concerned C.cheerful D.encouraged55.A.equally B.still C.especially D.already答案：36-40BADDC41-45ABCCB46-50ABCDA51-55DCBAD【文章大意】本文属于记叙文阅读，文章告诉我们气候变化是一个“会引起恐惧和和担忧的人们感觉在不应该在礼貌的交谈中发生”的主题，同时建议人们对气候变化应抱有一种健康积极的心理。36．B考查动词短语。短语accountsfor“占…比例”；fallsbehind“落后于”；wishesfor“祝福”；D.leavesbehind“留下”。根据前面的数据可知人们的观点是落后于科学结论的。故选B。37．A考查动词短语。动词translated“转变为”；sprung“蹦跳”；forced“强迫”；sent“送”。translateinto“转变为…”句意：以便气候科学能被转变为行动。故选A。38．D考查形容词辨析。形容词revolutionary“革命的”；detailed“详细的”；C.popular“流行的”；enough“足够的”。根据后文itdoesnotaddresskeypotentialcauses“没有提出关键的潜在原因”可知提供的信息是不足够的。故选D。39．D考查形容词辨析。形容词unreliable“不可靠的”；unbearable“难以忍受的”；unacceptable“无法接受的”；unavoidable“不可避免的”。句意：这信息几乎是不可避免的。故选D。40．C考查动词辨析。动词submit“主张”；Control“控制”；blame“责备”；Curse“诅咒”。句意：这是怎么了？责备我们的智力吧。故选C。41．A考查动词短语。短语pickupon“注意到”；getdownto“着手处理”；throwbackon“迫使”； lookupto“尊敬”。句意：罗伯特·吉福德还注意到一点。故选A。42.B考查名词辨析。名词connections“关系”；comparisons“比较”；competence“能力”；development“发展”。Comparisonswith“与…的比较”。句意：有限的认知和与其他人的社会比较。故选B。43．C考查名词辨析。名词sense“意识”；problem“问题”；lack“缺乏”；effect“影响”。句意：一个更强大的障碍是感知的行为控制的缺乏。故选C。48．C考查过去分词用法。动词get与过去分词连用，表示被动或者一种状态。过去分词hit“打击，袭击”；puzzled“困惑的，茫然的”；stuck“被卡住的，不能动的”；stressed“紧张的；感到有压力的”。短语egtstuck被卡住；句意：当我们不处理那样的痛苦的时候，就是我们被卡住不能前进的时候。故选C。49．D考查名词辨析。名词conflict“冲突，矛盾”；event “事件，大事”；hesitation “犹豫”；inability“无能力，无才能”。句意：Lertzman把这种无能为力称作忧郁症。故选D。50．A考查副词辨析。副词socially“在社会上，在社交方面，善于交际地”；environmentally“有关环境方面”；culturally“从文化角度，文化意义上，在人文学方面”；morally“道德上，有道德地，确实地”。句意：还指出，对于提供一种被社会广泛接受的谈论的方法，还有很多需要讲的。故选A。51．D考查形容词辨析。形容词complex“复杂的，合成的”；controversial“有争议的，有争论的”；awkward“尴尬的，笨拙的，棘手的，不合适的”；disturbing“令人不安的，烦扰的”。句意：RosemaryRandall提出气候变化是一个“会引起恐惧和和担忧的人们感觉在不应该在礼貌的交谈中发生”的主题。故选D。52．C考查名词辨析。名词idea“想法，主意，概念”；goal “目标，球门，得分数，终点”；place“地方，住所，座位”；choice“选择，选择权，精选品”。Havenoplacein“不应该发生”。句意：RosemaryRandall提出气候变化是一个“会引起恐惧和和担忧的人们感觉在不应该在礼貌的交谈中发生”的主题。故选C。53．B考查副词辨析。副词somehow“以某种方法”；however“无论以何种方式”；therefore“因此；所以”;either“任何一个”。根据上下文串联可知表示转折关系，所以使用however，而且however的前后都要使用符号隔开，故选B。考点：考查记叙文短文阅读第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A“CanIhugyou?”communitynurseJoyceJebambulaaskswithasmileasshewelcomesmebacktohervillage.“Ofcourse,”IsayasIputmyarmsaroundher.It’sanunbelievablemoment.Justattheheightoftheoutbreakmorethanayearago,therewasan“avoidbodycontact”rulehere.It’snowbeenremoved.Oneofthemostchallengingpartsofreportingthisoutbreakoverthepast18monthsisthatIhaven'tbeenabletotouchanyoneintheworst-affectedcountries.WhenEbola(埃博拉病毒)survivorsdescribedintearsdescribinglosingtheirfamilies,Ihadtoalmostsitonmyhandstoavoidreachingouttocomfortthem.TheoutbreakwasdeclaredoverinSierraLeoneon7November.Ireturnedforthecelebrations.Butdespitereachingthislong-awaitedmilestone,allisnotwell.IbrahimKoroma,21,clingstohissurvivor'scertificateoutsidethehome.All17ofhisfamilyarenowdead.Thecertificateisoneofhismostprizedpossessions."Hedoesnotposeanyrisktothecommunity"itreads.Ibrahimtellsmehowhislandlordhasallowedhimtostayinoneoftheroomsofhisformerfamilyhomeuntiltheendoftheyear.Hesayshedoesn'tknowwhathe'lldoafterthat.Hedoessomepart-timework,relyingheavilyonhelpfromneighbours.Histwolittlesistersandlittlebrotherdiedintheveryroomwherehenowsleeps.Hesaysheoftenliesawakethinkingaboutthem,feelingverybad.TheEbolaoutbreakinWestAfricawastheworstonrecord.Inpastoutbreakstherehadonlybeenafewhundreddeathsandafewhundredsurvivors.ItwasthoughtEbolacouldliveforonlythreemonths.Butresearchhasnowshownitcanlingerforatleastninemonths.Scientistsarestilltryingtofindhowlongitcouldbeinfectious.【文章大意】本文为记叙文，记叙作者在西非采访埃博拉病毒幸存者时，亲眼目睹了埃博拉病毒对西非造成的巨大影响。56.WheninterviewingEbolasurvivorstheauthor_______.A.couldn’ttouchthewithhands.B.keptcomfortingthemwithhandsC.heldtheirhandstoshowsympathyD.couldn’thelpcomfortingthemwithhands56.A考查细节题。根据第二段第一句及最后一句“Oneofthemostchallengingpartsofreportingthisoutbreakoverthepast18monthsisthatIhaven'tbeenabletotouchanyoneintheworst-affectedcountries.;WhenEbola(埃博拉病毒)survivorsdescribedintearsdescribinglosingtheirfamilies,Ihadtoalmostsitonmyhandstoavoidreachingouttocomfortthem可知我不能碰他们的手。选A。57.IbrahimKoromavalueshiscertificatebecauseit_________A.isasignofhiscontributionsB.showsheishealthypersonC.hasbeentheonlyoneforpatientssofarD.isagreathonortohaveitinhisvillage57.B考查细节题。根据第四段最后一句“Thecertificateisoneofhismostprizedpossessions."Hedoesnotposeanyrisktothecommunity"itreads.”这个证书是他最自豪的财产。他并对社区没有带来任何风险。选B。58.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat___________A.EbolaanonlysurviveafewdaysB.Ibrahim’sneighbourstreathimbadlyC.EbolastillinfluencesIbrahim’slifeD.therewereonce17peopleinIbrahim’sfamilyBConceptsfromscienceandnaturearefilledwithourlanguage’scommonphrases,idiomsandspokenexpressions.Theunbelievingexpression“Well,I’llbeamonkey’suncle”hasitsorigininbitterdisbeliefoverDarwin’swritingsonevolution.Thesecolourfulexpressionsbringspice(趣味)toourlanguage.Yetcertainwell-usedphrasesfromsciencearejustplainwrong!Someareobvious,yetweusethemanyhow.Forexample,apersonwhoacutelyshakesherheadandsays“Awatchedpotneverboils”whileyouarewaitingsecondaftertiringsecondfortestresultstoarriveorjobofferstocomeinknowsthatifshesatdownandwatchedapotcontainingwateronastoveoverhighheatforlongenough,thewaterwilleventuallyboil.However,afewphraseshavelessobviousscientificinaccuracies.Hereareafewforyoutoconsider.Onceinabluemoon:Thispoeticphrasereferstosomethingthatoccursextremelyrarely.Abluemoonisthetermcommonlyusedforasecondfullmoonthatoccasionallyappearsinasinglemonthofoursolar-basedcalendars.Theproblemwiththephrase,however,isthatbluemoonsarenotsorare.Theyhappeneveryfewyearsatleast,andcanevenhappenwithinmonthsofeachotherwhenthe29.5-daylunarcycleputsthefullmoonatthebeginningofanymonthbutFebruary.Theusageof“bluemoon”asthesecondfullmooninamonthdatesbacktoa1937MarineFarmer’sAlmanac.Butbeforethat,bluemoonsmeantsomethingslightlydifferent.Typically,12fullmoonsoccurfromwintersolsticetothenextwintersolstice,butoccasionallyafourthfullmooninaseasoncouldbeobserved.Insuchacase,oneofthefourfullmoonsinthatseasonwasknownas“blue”Wherethere’ssmoke,there’sfire:Thephrasemeansthatifsomethinglookswrong,itlikelyiswrong.Butlet’sstepback.Doyoualwayshavetohavefireifyouseesmoke?Answeringthatfirstrequiresdefining‘fire”,Merriam—Webster’sfirstdefinitionoffireis“thephenomenonofcombustionmanifestedinlight,flameandheat”.Combustionisthechemicalreactionthatoccurswhenfuelisburnedinthepresenceofoxygen---denyingafireanyofthesethreethingswillstopthefire;attemptingtostartafirewithoutanyoneofthethreethingswillbeimpossible.Incompletecombustion---whatoccurswhenyoulightagasstove---thefireproducesnosmoke.However,whenmostmaterialsareburned,theyhaveincompletecombustion,whichmeansthatthefireisn’tabletocompletelyburnallofthefuel.Smoke,then,canbeconsideredtobeaproductofpyrolysis(高温分解)ratherthanoffireitself.You’reprobablythinking---sowhat?Togetthesmoke,afireneededtobepresentatsomepoint,right?Notalways.Diamondsareforever:ThankstotheDeBeersslogan,decoratingyourhoney’sneck,wristsandfingerswithdiamondsmeanstrueandtimelesslove.Ofcourse,noobjectthatyoucanholdinyourhandcanlastforever.Butdiamondshaveaspecialreasonforbeingincapableoftimelessness.WithouttheextremepressuresofthedeepEarthwheretheyformed,adiamondwillslowlyturnbackintographite(石墨),whichiswhytheolderadiamondis,themoreinclusionsit’slikelytohave.Whatcommonphrasespushyourbuttonswhenviewedunderthemicroscopeofscience?Areyoucuriousaboutthehiddenknowledgeofsome“big”phrases?Orperhapsyouhavetheabilitytouncoverthesecretofsomeunscientificphrases?Letusknow!【文章大意】本文为说明文，主要讲述生活中一些不符合科学原理的句子或短语，同时介绍了这些句子或短语背后的信息。59.Accordingtothepassage,thebluemoon_________.A.appearsatthebeginningofamonthB.gainsitsmodernmeaningbefore1937C.presentsitselfquitefrequentlysometimesD.canneverbeseenbypeopleinFebruary59.C60.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.theolderadiamondis,themorevaluableit’slikelytobe.B.FireisnotnecessarilycausingsmokeC.SmokeisaproductofcompletecombustionD.thelessobviousscientificinaccuraciesofsomephrasesmakethemmoreuseful60．B考查细节理解。从倒数第三段最后一句“Smoke,then,canbeconsideredtobeaproductofpyrolysis(高温分解)ratherthanoffireitself.You’reprobablythinking---sowhat?Togetthesmoke,afireneededtobepresentatsomepoint,right?Notalways.”，可知，有烟不一定会有火。故选B。61.Theunderlinedphrase“pushyourbuttons”inthelastparagraphmeans“_______”.A.impressyoualotB.frightenyoumuch.C.surpriseyougreatlyD.makeyouloseyourinterest61．A考查词义猜测。从最后一段第二句“Areyoucuriousaboutthehiddenknowledgeofsome“big”phrases?”可知，往往印象深刻的事情会引起好奇。故选A。62.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthescientificinaccuraciesofthephrasesis________.A.indifferent B.objective C.critical D.favourableCLovetosinkintoyourchairsandrelaxwhenyougettoschool.Thenyouwillnotbehappytohearthatschoolsallovertheworldareseriouslyconsideringexchangingtraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsatall—Yes,thatmeansyouwillbeencouragedtostandthroughthosealreadytoolongmathandsciencelessons!Whywouldanyoneeventhinkofputtingkidstosuchcruelty.Expertssayitimprovestheirhealthandhelpsfightobesity.Whilethatmayseemalittlefar-fetched(牵强的)theofficialsatthefewschoolsaroundtheworldseemtoagree.AmongthemareeducatorsfromtheCollegeStationIndependentSchoolDistrictinTexas,whorecentlycompletedaweek-longexperimentinvolving480studentsacrossthreeelementaryschools.The374kidsthatagreedtoparticipateinthestudywereprovidedadevicethathelpedrecordstepcountandcalorieconsumptionovertheentireperiod.All25teachersinvolvedinthestudyreportedthatstudentsappearedtobemorealertandconcentratebetter,whenallowedtostand.Theonethingthatdidsurprisetheresearcherswasthatyoungerkidsweremorewillingtostaystandingthankidsinhighergrades.Theybelievethismayhavesomethingtodowiththefactthatafteryearsofbeingaskedto“sitstill”,olderkidshaveahardertimeadjustingtothisunexpectedfreedom.Americanschoolsarenottheonlyonesreportingsuccesswithstand-updesks.FourCatholicschoolsinPerth,Australia,whichhavebeentestingthemsinceOctober2013,haveseensimilarresults.InMay2014,GroveHousePrimarySchoolinBradford,WestYorkshire,becameEurope’sfirsttestone,withaseven-weektrialthatinvolvedtheuseofdesksmadebyErgotronintheirfifth-gradeclassrooms.Whileofficialresultsarenotoutyet,earlyreactionsfrombothteachersandstudents,havebeenextremelyencouraging.Thefindingsofthesestudiesandothersdonepreviously,allseemtomeanthatallowingkidstomovearoundinclassroomsisawin-winforstudentsandteachers—ithelpskidsgethealthierandprovideseducatorswithamoreengagedaudience.【文章大意】本文为说明文，本文介绍教育家在学校进行了一项让学生站着上课的研究，站着上课有助学生的身体健康，实验结果收到较好的反响。63.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatmaymakethestudentsatschoolunhappyisthat_____.A.theyhavetoexchangedeskswitheachotherB.theyhavetoexchangetraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsC.therearenoseatsforthemtositinclassD.theofficialsshownosympathytothematall63.C考查细节题。根据第一段第二、三句“schoolsallovertheworldareseriouslyconsideringexchangingtraditionaldesksforoneswithnoseatsatall—Yes,thatmeansyouwillbeencouragedtostandthroughthosealreadytoolongmathandsciencelessons!”。说明教室没有座位坐，学生要站着上课。选C。64.Accordingtotheteachers,olderstudentsmaynotlikestand-updesksbecause_____.A.theyareclevererthanyoungerstudentsB.theyareeasilytiredofstandinglongC.theyhaveformedthehabitofsitting..D.theydobadlyinclasswhilestanding64.C65.Whatismostlikelytobetheresultoftheseven-weektrial.A.Thestandingdeskscan’tbeusedatall.B.Itisgoodforstudentstousestand-updesks.C.Moretestsshouldbedoneinotherschools.D.Thestudentsaredifferentinpersonality.65.B推理判断题。第五段最后一句“Thefindingsofthesestudiesandothersdonepreviously,allseemtomeanthatallowingkidstomovearoundinclassroomsisawin-winforstudentsandteachers—ithelpskidsgethealthierandprovideseducatorswithamoreengagedaudience.”这些研究和之前的研究发现让学生在教室走动对老师和学生来说是双赢的--。选B。66.Whydotheteacherslikethestandingdesks.A.Becausetheeducatorscandrawthestudents’attention.B.Becausetheteacherscankeepthestudentshealthy.C.Becausethestudentscanhaveawalkintheclassroom.D.Becausethestandingdeskscankeepthestudentsconcentrated.66.DDForsomeyearsthebigdrugmakershavebeenworryingaboutanapproaching"patentcliff"—afallinsalesasthepatentsontheirmostpopularpillsexpireorarestruckdownbylegalchallenges,withfewnewpotentialblockbusterstotaketheirplace.Thisweekthepatentonthebest-sellingdruginhistoryexpired—Lipitor,ananti-cholesterolpillwhichearnedPfizernearly$11billioninrevenueslasty