小升初语法专题复习-基数词序数词的用法（讲义）-人教PEP版英语六年级下册

小升初语法专题复习——基数词、序数词的用法一、知识点讲解：重点、考点：语法点总结：数词（一）定义与分类1.数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。2.分为基数词和序数词。（1）表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如one,five,ten,thirty,sixtyfive等。（2）表示顺序的数词叫序数词，如first,sixth,tenth,twentyfirst等。（3）基数词表示两位数时，在十位数和个位数之间添连字符“”；表示三位数时，在百 位数和十位数间加“and”；如果没有十位数，则百位数和个位数之间用and连接。表达 多位数序数词时，规则一样，只是把最后的个位数写成序数词。（4）数词用法相当于名词和形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。注意，序数词前要加the。【基数词与序数词的变化规则】 1.基数词表示数目，序数词表示顺序。 2.基数词变成序数词的规律：基变序，有规律，一、二、三特殊记，加th从四起，ve结尾用f替，第八去t第九去e,ty变成tie，再加th别忘记，若要变成第几十几，只变个位就可以。Onetwothreeeightfiveninetwelvetwentytwentyone（二）基数词1.英语中没有“万”这个读数单位，要表示汉语中的“万”，英语需借用thousand一词，如“一 万”用“十个千”表示(tenthousand)，“十万”用“一百个千”表示(onehundredthousand)。354读作threehundredandfiftyfour75,206读作seventyfivethousandtwohundredandsix2.基数词112是独立的词，1319都是以teen结尾的词，基数词2090整数词都是以ty结尾，都是非重读音节。（）What’ssixandfive?It’s_________.A.elevenB.twelveC.thirteen基数词2199都是由“几十”和“几”合起来构成，词中间加连字符，并分别重读。如：21twentyone,23twentythree,34thirtyfour,45fortyfive,56fiftysix,99ninetynine.（）Thereare_________studentsinourclass.A.fiftyfourB.fifteenfourC.fivetenfourD.fivetyfour4.基数词101999，先读“几百”，再加and,再加末两位数。“百”是单数形式，末两位数之间加连字符“”。（）Thereare______daysinayear.A.threehundredsandsixtyfiveB.threehundredandsixtyfiveC.threehundredsixtyfive5.10000以上的数；先从后向前数，每三位加“，”，第一个“，”号前为thousand,第二个“，”前为million,每三个“，”前为billion（美式）或thousandmillion（英式）。一千onethousand,一万tenthousand,十万onehundredthousand,一百万onemillion,一千万tenmillion，一亿onehundredmillion,十亿onethousandmillion或onebillion（）Canyouwritethenumbereightyfivethousand,sixhundredandtwentysix?Yes,itis_________.A.85662B.85626C.58662D.586266.不加s.百hundred,千thousand,百万million等词前与数字连用时，词尾不可加“s”。例句：Abouttwothousandpeoplediedintheearthquake.大约有两千人在地震中丧生。（）Myfatherhasgoteight_______stampsfromallovertheworld.A.hundredsB.hundredC.hundredsof7.要加s。百hundred,千thousand,百万million等词与介词of连用时，用复数形式，表不确定数目，其前不可与数字连用。“hundredsof”是“数以百计的”，“成百上千的”；“thousandsof”为“数以千计的”，“成千上万的”；“millionsof”为“数以百万计的”，“数百万的”。例句：Thousandsofpeoplegototheseasideeveryyear.每年成千上万的人到海滨去。（）Thefilmstarisgoingtospenddollarsonanewdressfortheingparty.A.threethousandsB.thousandsofC.thousandofD.threethousandsof8.复合形容词不用复数。基数词可与其他词构成合成形容词。这种合成形容词的结构为：“数词+单数名词+形容词”。复合形容词中，名词不用复数。（）Eachofushastowritea_______reporteverytwoweeks.twohundredwordB.twohundredswordC.twohundredswords D.twohundredwords9.表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。例句：Heisinhisearlytwenties.他才二十出头。Thistookplaceinthe1930s.这事发生在20世纪30年代。10.基数词表示顺序，结构为：“单数名词+基数词”。（）Thechildrenaregoingtolearn_______thedayaftertomorrow.A.LessonThirdB.theLessonthreeC.LessonThree（三）序数词：表示顺序的数词。1.第一，第二，第三为first,second,third或1st,2nd,3rd.2.许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾th构成的，如four/fourth，six/sixth，ten/tenth，sixteen/sixteenth3.基数词5，8，9，12变序数词时需要改变原形式后再加th,fivefifth变ve为f,eighteighth只一个t,nineninth去e，twelvetwelfth变ve为f。4.“第几十”都将“ty”改为“tieth”多个单词时，仅最后一个变为序数词。（）Weallthinkthatthe_______centurywillbringusmorehopes.A.twentyfirstB.twentiethfirstC.twentyoneD.twentiethone5.非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twentyfirst(第21)，thirtysixth(第36)，ninetyninth(第99)，threehundredandsixtyfifth(第365)等。6.hundred,thousand,million等序数词形式为hundredth,thousandth,millionth等。7.序数词前通常要用定冠词“the”。如：Myroomisonthesecondfloorandhisisonthethird.我的房间在二楼，他的房间在三楼。（四）分数、小数和百分数1.分数。分数由基数词和序数词构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母用复数。读的时候，先读分子再读分母。如：twothirds=2/3 threefifths=3/5注：1/2通常读作a[one]half，一般不读作asecond；1/4可读作a[one]fourth，也可读作a[one]quarter。（）About_______oftheworkersinthatfactoryareyoungpeople.A.threefifthB.threefifthsC.threefives2.小数。小数点前的数按总数念，同其它基数词读法一样，小数点用point，小数点后面的数按基数词一个一个单独念。如：9.65读作ninepointsixfive。218.39读作twohundredandeighteenpointthreenine。3.百分数。百分数由基数词和百分号(%)组成，百分号(%)读作percent。如：thirtypercent=30%60percent=60%（五）表示日期（序数词表示日期）1949年1949读作nineteenfortynine6月23日June23rd读作June(the)twentythird或thetwentythirdofJune2006年10月October2006读作October,twothousandandsix1600年5月2日May2nd,1600读作thesecondofMay,sixteenhundred（六）表示钟点（1）半小时用half，一刻钟（15分钟）用aquarter，半小时以内用past，超过半小时用to。（2）时间顺序读法是依次读：“点钟数，分钟数”。倒读法中，在前半小时：“分数+past+点钟数”。在后半小时：“分钟数+to+下一个钟点数”。例如：08:00eighto’clock或eight09:15ninefifteen或aquarterpast/afternine02:30twothirty或halfpast/aftertwo05:45fivefortyfive或aquartertosix（七）表示加减乘除。Oneplustwoisthree.一加二等于三。Eightminusfourisfour.八减四等于四。Twotimestwoisfour.二乘二等于四.Tendividedbytwoisfive.十除二等于五。（八）基数词可以表示顺序，序数词也表示顺序，结构为：“the+序数词+名词”。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名词之后(名词需大写)即可，不需要添加定冠词。thefirstlesson=LessonOne，thefifthpage=Page5，thetwentyfirstroom=Room21二、课堂练习：（一）英汉互译。（14分）第五单元__________________ LessonEight_________________第59中学_________________ 五年级四班__________________BusNo.4__________________ 7:07________________________7+8=15________________________ 1994____________________________352_________________________ TeamSeven_______________第三行_______________________ 第5小学__________________fivelittlemice_________________ 第六号房间____________________（二）用括号内所给数词的正确形式填空。（每空2分，共14分）1.WeareinClass________（3）.2.Wehave________（12）monthsoftheyear.Decemberisthe_____________（12）one.3.Thisismy________（1）bag.4.MybirthdayisDec.__________________（21）.5.Ihave________（3）books.Ilikemy_______________（3）book.（三）选择题。（每题1.5分，共30分）(

)1.Mygrandmotheris_____old.A.seventiethB.seventyyear C.seventyyears D.seventies(

)2.________peoplevisitthismuseumeveryday.A.Hundred B.Hundreds C.hundredof D.Hundredsof(

)3.Therearetwo________peopleinthemeetingroom.A.hundredB.hundreds C.hundredsof D.hundredof(

)4.Wecansaythenumber78,645inEnglishlikethis________.A.seventyeightthousandandsixhundredandfortyfiveB.seventyeightthousandsixhundredandfortyfiveC.seventyeightthousandsixhundredandfortyfiveD.seventyeightthousandsixhundredandfortyfive(

)5.Mondayisthesecondday,and________.A.Tuesdayisthefourthday B.ThursdayisthefifthdayC.theseconddayisTuesday D.theseconddayisThursday(

)6.“Theyear1999”shouldberead（应该读作）“Theyear_____.”A.nineteenandninetynine B.nineteenninetynineC.onethousandninehundredninetynineD.nineteenhundredandninetynine(

)7.Thereare_______monthsinayear.Decemberisthe_______monthoftheyear.A.twelve;twelveB.twelve;twelfth C.twelfth;twelveD.twelve;twelveth(

)8.What’sthedatetoday?Itis________.A.Friday B.timetogo C.cloudy D.June4th(

)9.Whatisfiveandeight?A.Twelve B.Thirteen C.Fourteen D.Fifteen(

)10.Which_________isLilyin?Sheisin________.A.Row;rowfiveB.Row;RowFive C.row;RowFiveD.row;rowFive(

)11．Thereare___________daysinayear．

A．threehundredandsixtyfive

B．threehundredandsixtyfive

C．threehundredsandsixtyfive

D．threehundredsandsixty—five

(

)12．Dannylivesin__________．

A．room404

B．Room404

C．404room

D．404Room

(

)13．Jimisin__________．

A．classone，gradesix

B．gradeone，classsixC．ClassOne，GradeSix

D．GradeOne,ClassSix

(

)14．Thebikecostme_________yuan．

A．fivehundredforty

B．fivehundredsfourty

C．fivehundredandforty

D．fivehundredfourty

(

)15．Mytelephonenumberis__________．

A．eightyeighttwofortyfourzeronineB．eighteighttwodoublefourOnine

C．eightyeighttwofortyfourzeronineD．eighteighttwofourfourzeronine

(

)16．Isthereanyfoodforus_________?

A．ten

B．tenth

C．thetenth

D．theten

(

)17．Maryis_________girl．

A.an8yearold

B．8yearsold

C．the8yearsold

D．an8yearold

(

)18．—Whatdayistoday?

—_________

A．June

B．Tuesday

C.December24th D.Today()19.Inthe1850s,about

_________wascoveredbyforestintheUSA.

A.third

B.athird

C.thethird

D.athirds()20.September_________isTeachers’Day.theten

B.tenth

C.thetenth

D.theten’s三、课后小结:四、巩固练习：

1、把下列基数词改成序数词。

one

two

three

nine

fourteen

twenty

thirtyfive

eightyonetwelve five eight eleveneight+seven=() fifteen—one=()five+fourteen=() sixty—()=fortythirtythree—eight=() sixteen+eleven=()one+three+five+seven+nine=()2、单选。

(

)1.What’sfiveandseven?Fiveandseventwelve.A.be B.are C.is D.am(

)2.Thistookplaceinthe______.A.1940

B.1940s

C.1940es

D.1940th(

)4．Thebikecostme_________Yuan．

A．fivehundredforty

B．fivehundredsfourty

C．fivehundredandforty

D．fivehundredfourty

(

)7．Maryis_________girl．

A.an8yearoldB.8yearsold C.the8yearsold D.an8yearold

(

)8．—Whatdayistoday?

—___________

A．June

B．Tuesday C．Itishot

D．It’sfine

(

)9．—What’sthedatetoday?

—___________

A．It’sSaturday

B．It’sJuly

C．It’sfine

D．It’sJuly15

(

)10．—Whattimedoyougetupeveryday?

A．It’sseveno’clock

B．Seveno’clocktime

C．Atseven

o’clock

D．Onseven(

)11.Autumnis_____seasoninayear.A.thefourth B.thethird C.athird D.thethreeth(

)12．Dannylivesin__________．

A．room404

B．Room404

C．404room

D．404Room(

)13.Thereare_______daysinayear.A.threehundredssixtyfive B.threehundredsandsixtyfiveC.threehundredandsixtyfive D.threehundredandsixtyfive(

)14.Look!Thereare______inthesky.