2020-2021学年通用版高一英语专题精练学案4月第02期（考点01阅读理解）

考点01阅读理解——20202021学年高一英语专题同步精练学案：（1）安徽省合肥市第八中学20202021学年高一下学期段考二英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFourappstokeepyourlifeontrackFromsimpletaskschedulingtodetailedtaskmanagement,alltheseappsoffereverythingyouneedforefficienttaskrecording.FocusterWithFocuster,youjustneedtoaddallyourtasksandthetoolwillarrangethemimmediatelyinorderofimportance.Afteraddingallthetasks,justpresstheNowbuttonandthetoolwillshowthetasksyoushouldbefocusingonfortheday.TeuxDeuxThisusefulappletsyouscheduleandorganizeallyourtasksforthewholeweek.Justaddthetasksbelowthedaycolumnandyou’redone.Wanttomoveataskfromonecolumntoanother?Noworries.Itsdraganddropinterface(界面)letsyourearrangethetaskandaddittoadifferentday’scolumn.Additionally,TeuxDeuxletsyouaddrepeatingtasksforaday.TickTickTickTickallowsyoutoaddtasks,subtasks,customremindersaswellasdeadlinesforaday,aweek,oramonth.Inordertoprovideyouwithmoreeaseintaskscheduling,TickTickoffersanicecalendarview,whereyoucanaddoredittasksonaweeklyordailybasis.Italsohasexperimentalfeatures,whichyoucanturnonifyouwanttotryoutbetacapabilities(测试功能).WunderlistTheappletsyoucreatetasks,subtasksandallowsyoutosharewithyourfamily,friendsandcolleagues.Thewholeappisdesignedinthemostuser—friendlywayandoffersyoutheabilitytoadddeadlines,additionalinformationandreminders.1．Toshareyourtaskswithothers，you’dprefertochoose________.A．Focuster. B．TeuxDeuxC．TickTick. D．Wunderlist.2．What’sthesimilaritybetweenTeuxDeuxandTickTick?A．Theyofferabeautifulcalendarview.B．Theyhavegreatexperimentalfeatures.C．Theycanhelporganizetasksforaweek.D．Theyhaveaveryuser—friendlyinterface.3．Whatbenefitcanyougetfromthefourapps?A．pletingyourworkmoreeasily.B．Obtainingeverythingyouneedfaster.C．GettingaccesstotheInternetmorequickly.D．Organizingyouractivitiesmoreeffectively.【答案】1．D2．C3．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个让你的生活保持正轨的应用程序。1．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Theappletsyoucreatetasks,subtasksandallowsyoutosharewithyourfamily,friendsandcolleagues.”可知，Wunderlist允许你创建任务、子任务，并允许你与家人、朋友和同事分享，由此可知，要想与他人分享你的任务，你会选择Wunderlist，故D项正确。2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thisusefulappletsyouscheduleandorganizeallyourtasksforthewholeweek.”这个有用的应用程序可以让你安排和组织整个星期的任务。及第四段中的“TickTickallowsyoutoaddtasks,subtasks,customremindersaswellasdeadlinesforaday,aweek,oramonth.TickTick允许您添加任务、子任务、自定义提醒一天、一周或一个月的截止日期”可知，TeuxDeux和TickTick的相似之处是这两个应用程序都可以帮助你组织一周的任务，故C项正确。3．细节理解题。根据第一段“Fromsimpletaskschedulingtodetailedtaskmanagement,alltheseappsoffereverythingyouneedforefficienttaskrecording”可知，从简单的任务调度到详细的任务管理，这四个应用程序都提供了高效记录任务所需的一切，由此可知，这四个应用程序都可以让你更有效地组织你的活动，故D项正确。BBicyclesareverypopulararoundtheworldnowadays.Peopleridetheirbicyclesforexerciseandenjoyment.Insomeplaces,peopleusebicyclestogettowork.Inotherplaces,bicycleridingisaverypopularexercisetopeoplewholiveincities.Butwhoinventedthefirstbicycle?In1791,aFrenchmannamedtedeSivracinventedandownedthefirstbicycle.Mrs.SivracrodethebicycleinParis.Thehandlesandtheseatwerewooden.Thisbicyclewasverydifficulttomove.Ariderevenhadtopickupthefrontwheeltochangedirection.What'sworse,thebicyclehadnobrakesforstoppingorpedalsforthefeet!Ridingabicycletookgreatrisk.In1817,aGermannamedBaronvonDraisdeSauerbrunmadethefirstbicyclebetter.Theseatbecamemorefortable.Thewheelcouldnowchangedirection.Hisrideintheforesttookonlyonehourinsteadofthreehoursonfoot,whichsurprisedpeopleatthattime.SauerbrunbroughtthiskindofbicyclefromGermanytoFrance.ThenDenisJohnson,anEnglishman,madeabicycleforwomen.Ithadspacefortheirdressestohangdown.Butthesebicyclesstillhadnobrakesorpedals,andridersoftengothurt.Thesebicyclesandthepeoplewhorodethemwerenotverypopular.Ittookanotherfortyfiveyearsforthebicycletobeepopular.Morethan100yearslater,bicycleridingismorepopularthanever.Infact,inIndiaandChina,therearestillmanymorebicyclesthancars.4．Accordingtothepassage,peopleridebicyclesinorderto____.A．findgoodjobs B．takeexerciseC．belikedbyothers D．liveincities5．Thefirstbicyclewas____.A．difficulttomove B．popularwithwomenC．fortabletoride D．easytochangedirection6．Thebicyclefirstbecamepopulararound____.A．1817 B．1836C．1852 D．18627．What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Thereasonsforridingabike. B．Theinventorofthebicycle.C．Thehistoryofthebicycle. D．Averypopularexercise.【答案】4．B5．A6．D7．C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了自行发明、发展的历史。4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段的Peopleridetheirbicyclesforexerciseandenjoyment.(人们骑车为了锻炼和乐趣)可知现在人们骑自行车是为了锻炼和乐趣。B.takeexercise(锻炼)符合以上说法，故选B项。5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段的In1791,aFrenchmannamedtedeSivracinventedandownedthefirstbicycle...Thisbicyclewasverydifficulttomove.(1791年法国人tedeSivrac发明了第一辆自信车，这辆自行车很难移动)可知世界上第一辆自行车很难移动。A.difficulttomove(很难移动)符合以上说法，故选A项。6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段的In1817,aGermannamedBaronvonDraisdeSauerbrunmadethefirstbicyclebetter.和第五段的Ittookanotherfortyfiveyearsforthebicycletobeepopular.可知1817年法国人BaronvonDraisdeSauerbrun改良了第一辆自行车，又过了45年自行车开始流行，即自行车在1862年开始流行。故选D项。7．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段的In1791,aFrenchmannamedtedeSivracinventedandownedthefirstbicycle.(1791年法国人tedeSivrac发明了第一辆自行车)；第三段的In1817,aGermannamedBaronvonDraisdeSauerbrunmadethefirstbicyclebetter.(1817年法国人BaronvonDraisdeSauerbrun改良了第一辆自行车)和最后一段的Ittookanotherfortyfiveyearsforthebicycletobeepopular.Morethan100yearslater,bicycleridingismorepopularthanever.(又过了45年自行车开始流行,100多年后自行车变得更流行了)可知本文主要介绍了自行车被发明、发展、流行的历史。C.Thehistoryofthebicycle.(自行车的历史)符合以上说法，故选C项。【点睛】第四小题考查主旨大意,说明文的主旨大意一般在首段、尾段或者段加。本篇采用段加的方法，发现二至五自然段的第一句In1791,aFrenchmannamedtedeSivracinventedandownedthefirstbicycle.(1791年法国人tedeSivrac发明了第一辆自行车)；第三段的In1817,aGermannamedBaronvonDraisdeSauerbrunmadethefirstbicyclebetter.(1817年法国人BaronvonDraisdeSauerbrun改良了第一辆自行车)和第五段的Ittookanotherfortyfiveyearsforthebicycletobeepopular.Morethan100yearslater,bicycleridingismorepopularthanever.(又过了45年自行车开始流行,100多年后自行车变得更流行了)可知它们都出现了时间，故可知本文主要讲述自行车的历史。故选C项。CYouthisastressfultimefromfriendstoschooltofamilies,andstressfulsituationsbeemon.Thebodycanrespond(反应)withfasterbreathing,afastbeatingheart,tense(绷紧的)musclesanddropofsweat.Andteenswhobreathepollutedairappeartorespondmoststronglytostress,anewstudyshows.JonasMiller,apsychologistworkingatStanfordUniversity,studiedwhetherorhowairpollutionmightaffectthebody’sresponsetostress.Miller'steaminvited144teenstoparticipateinastressfultest.MostofthekidslivedinornearSanFrancisco,whichhastheworstairquality.Beforethetest,theresearchersusedsensors(感测器)torecordheartratesandsweatlevelsforfiveminutesasthekidsrested.Thenasthetestbegan,aresearcherreadaloudthebeginningofastoryandthekidshadfiveminutestomakeupanexcitingendingtothestory.Theywouldhavetomemorizetheirendingandpresentitaloudtoajudge.Afterfinishingthistask,thekidswereaskedtodomathproblems,whichobviouslywasahardertask.Ifheorshemadeamistake,thejudgeletthestudentstartover.Thewholetime,sensorsrecordedheartratesandsweatlevels.Millerfoundallthestudentshadsimilarheartratesandsweatlevelsatrest.Butasthetestgotdifficult,differencesbegantoappear.Kidsfromplaceswithmoreairpollutionrespondedmorestronglytostressandtheirheartbeatsbecameirregular.Theysweatedmorethanteenswholivedincleanerplaces."Theteens'bodieswerepreparingtodealwithpossiblechallengesintheenvironmentandsuchbodilyresponsestostresswerelinkedtonegativefeelings",Millerconcludes.Overtime,hesays,"theseresponsescancontributetobothphysicalandmentalhealthproblems."Thisstudyhasprovedthenegativeheatheffectsofairpollutionamongteenagers.Therefore,teenagersshouldtrytoavoidtheirexposure(暴露)toairpollutionTheyshouldconsiderlimitingtheirtimeoutsideduringrushhour,especiallyondayswhenairpollutionisparticularlystrong.8．Whathappenedtoteensinstressfulsituations?A．Theirbodiesreactstrongly.B．Theirmusclescausepain.C．Theybeeseriouslysick.D．Theyhavetroubleinbreathing.9．Whatcanwelearnaboutthetest?A．Thejudgeofthetestwasstrictwiththekids.B．Thekidsenjoyedmakingupendingsofstories.C．Thosebreathingpollutedairdoesn'thavemorestressinlife.D．Thekidsgraduallyfeltmorestressintheprocess.10．Fromthestudywecaninferthattensshould____.A．solvetheirmentalheathproblemsB．spendlesstimeoutsideinheavytrafficC．learntodealwithstressfulsituationsD．enjoymoreoutsideactivitiesingoodweather11．Whereisthepassageprobablyfrom?A．Areportonpollution. B．Ageographybook.C．Apsychologist'sdiary. D．Asciencemagazine.【答案】8．A9．D10．B11．D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，住在空气污染地区孩子对压力的反应比住在干净地区孩子的反应强烈。长期的这种反应会对青少年的健康有影响，因此建议青少年尽量避免暴露在污染的空气中。8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段的Youthisastressfultimefromfriendstoschooltofamilies,stressfulsituationsbeemon.Thebodycanrespond(反应)withfasterbreathing,afastbeatingheart,tense(绷紧的)musclesanddropofsweat.(青春是一个充满压力的时刻，来自朋友，学校和家人，有压力的情况随处可见。身体可以通过更快的呼吸，快速的心跳，绷紧的肌肉和流汗来做出反应)可知当处于压力环境中时，青少年的身体会做出剧烈的反应。A.Theirbodiesreactstrongly.(他们的身体反应剧烈)符合以上说法，故选A项。9．推理判断题。根据文章第四段的Butasthetestgotdifficult,differencesbegantoappearKidsfromplaceswithmoreairpollutionrespondedmorestronglytostressandtheirheartbeatsbecameirregular.(但是随着测试变难，来自空气污染严重的地方的孩子对压力反应更加强烈，他们的心跳变得没有规律。他们流汗比住在干净地方的孩子多)可推测随着测试的进行孩子们的压力逐渐增大。D.Thekidsgraduallyfeltmorestressintheprocess.(在此过程中孩子逐渐感受到了更多的压力)符合以上说法，故选D项。10．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的Theyshouldconsiderlimitingtheirtimeoutsideduringrushhour,especiallyondayswhenairpollutionisparticularlystrong.(他们应该考虑在交通拥堵时限制在外的时间，尤其是空气污染特别严重时)可推测，青少年在交通拥堵时应尽量不待在户外。B.spendlesstimeoutsideinheavytraffic(在交通拥堵时尽量少在户外)符合以上说法，故选B项。11．推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段的Andteenswhobreathepollutedairappeartorespondmoststronglytostress,anewstudyshows.(一个新的研究表明，吸入污染空气的青少年对压力的反应更加强烈)可知本文是关于一个新研究的发现，故推出该文很有可能出现在科学杂志上。D.Asciencemagazine.(一本科学杂志)符合以上推测，故选D项。DFindingfishisgoingtogetharderasclimatechangecontinuestoheattheworld'soceans.Anewstudyfindsthatwarmingseasoverthepast80yearshavereducedthesustainablecatchof124speciesoffishandshellfish.Sustainablecatchreferstotheamountthatcanbeharvestedwithoutdoinglongtermdamagetothehealthofpopulationsofsomespecies.Overfishinghasmadethatdeclineworse,researcherssay.Overfishingreferstocatchingsomanyfishthatthesizeofthepopulationfalls.Insomepartsoftheworld,suchastheheavilyfishedSeaofJapan,thedecreaseisashighas35percent.That'salossofmorethanoneineverythreefish.Researchersexaminedchangesin235populationsoffishandshellfishbetween1930and2010.Thosefishpopulationsspreadfarapartacross38oceanregions.Temperaturechangesvaryfromoneoceansitetoanother.Butonaverageoverthattime,Earth'sseasurfacetemperatureshaverisenbyabouthalfadegreeCelsius.Onaverage,thatwarminghascausedthesustainablecatchtodropby4.1percent,thestudyfound.About8percentofthefishandshellfishpopulationstheteamstudiedsawlossesasaresultoftheoceanwarming.However,about4percentofsomepopulationsincreased.That'sbecausecertainspecieshavethrivedinwarmerwaters.Oneexampleisakindofblackseafish.ItlivesalongthenortheasternU.S.coast.Aswarmingcontinues,thesefishwillreproducefasteruntiltheyreachtheirlimit.About3.2billionpeopleworldwiderelyonseafoodasasourceoffood.Thatmeansit'surgentformercialfishingfleetsandregulatorstoconsiderhowclimatechangeisaffectingthehealthofallofthosefishinthesea.12．Whatdoesthenewstudydiscover？A．Overfishingistoblameforfishhealth.B．Warmingseascausefewerfishandshellfish.C．Seafoodmatterstopeople'shealthworldwide.D．Thelivingregionsoffishandshellfisharedifferent.13．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"thrived"inparagraph4probablymean？A．Survivednarrowly. B．Disappearedsoon.C．Decreasedsharply. D．Developedquickly.14．Whatdoweknowaboutspeciesoffishandshellfish？A．About8percentofthemsufferedfromagreatloss.B．About35percentofthemsurvivedintheSeaofJapan.C．About3.2billionspecieshavebeensaveduptonow.D．About80specieshavediedoutbecauseofwarmingseas15．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthenewdiscovery?A．Satisfied B．Notinterested C．Worried D．Terrified【答案】12．B13．D14．A15．C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。全文介绍了一项新的研究发现，即变暖的海洋减少了鱼类和贝类。12．细节理解题。根据第一段的Anewstudyfindsthatwarmingseasoverthepast80yearshavereducedthesustainablecatchof124speciesoffishandshellfish(一项新的研究发现，变暖的海洋在过去的80年里减少了可持续捕获的124种鱼类和贝类)可知，新的研究发现，变暖的海洋减少了鱼类和贝类。B.Warmingseascausefewerfishandshellfish.(变暖的海洋减少了鱼类和贝类)符合以上说法，故选B项。13．词义猜测题。根据第四段的That'sbecausecertainspecieshavethrivedinwarmerwaters.Oneexampleisakindofblackseafish.ItlivesalongthenortheasternU.S.coast.Aswarmingcontinues,thesefishwillreproducefasteruntiltheyreachtheirlimit.可知，因为某些物种会在温暖的水里thrive。一个例子是一种黑海鱼，它生活在美国东北部海岸。随着气候变暖的持续，这些鱼的繁殖速度会越来越快，直到达到极限。结合句意可知，推测划线部分的意思是“快速繁殖/兴盛”。D.Developedquickly.(迅速发展)符合以上猜测，故选D项。14．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句About8percentofthefishandshellfishpopulationstheteamstudiedsawlossesasaresultoftheoceanwarming(研究小组研究的鱼类和贝类种群中，约有8%的种群由于海洋变暖而减少)可知，约有8%的鱼类和贝类急剧减少。A.About8percentofthemsufferedfromagreatloss.(约有8%的鱼类和贝类急剧减少)符合以上说法，故选A项。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段About3.2billionpeopleworldwiderelyonseafoodasasourceoffood.Thatmeansit'surgentformercialfishingfleetsandregulatorstoconsiderhowclimatechangeisaffectingthehealthofallofthosefishinthesea.(全球约又32亿人依赖海鲜作为食物来源。这意味着它的商业捕鱼船队和监管机构迫切需要考虑气候变化是如何影响海洋鱼类的健康的)可推测，作者对海洋变暖会导致鱼和贝类减少这一情况很担心，因为世界上有很多人依赖海鲜作为食物来源。C.Worried(担心的)符合以上说法，故选C项。（2）河北省张家口市20202021学年高一下学期3月阶段测试英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMyFirstMarathon（马拉松）Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas“notathletic".TheideathatIwas“notathletic"stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutpetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!Thenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn'tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces（鞋带）becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!Atmile3,Ipassedasign："GOFORIT,RUNNERS!”Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.Bymile21,Iwasstarving!AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels（世俗标签），Icannowcallmyselfa“marathonwinner".1．Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthor.A．waswelltrained B．feltscaredC．madeuphismindtorun D．losthope2．WhydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear?A．Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.B．Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.C．Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.D．Toshareapreciousmemory.3．Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?A．Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.B．Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.C．Failureisthemotherofsuccess.D．Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.【答案】1．C2．C3．B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，作者在参加马拉松前一个月受了伤，训练时间不足，且在初一时就被体育老师说没有运动天赋，但是30多岁的他依然坚持跑完马拉松，突破自我，挑战不可能。1．细节理解题。根据Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.在我第一次参加马拉松比赛的一个月前，我的一个脚踝受伤了，这意味着我两周内不能跑步，只剩下两周的训练时间。然而，我决心要继续下去。可知作者决定参加比赛，故选C。2．推理判断题。将题干中的P.E.classinhis7thyear定位在第二段，作者自己在七年级的时候做得不是很好，后来被老师认为不是一个擅长运动的人，并且第三段提到老师说的notathletic一直影响着他，故选C。3．主旨大意题。这是一篇记叙文，在最后一段点题：Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗标签),Icannowcallmyselfa“marathonwinner”.可知，作者是一个意志坚定的人，通过不懈努力，最终获得了成功的胜利。故选B。【点睛】一般定位关键词适用于解答细节理解题。通过定位关键词解题，考生在阅读题干时，把题干中有标记意义的词或词组划记出来，或者选项中的关键词，然后用这个词回到原文当中定位。如小题2题干中的P.E.classinhis7thyear定位到第二段，作者自己在七年级的时候做得不是很好，后来被老师认为不是一个擅长运动的人，并且第三段提到老师说的notathletic一直影响着他，因此很容易确定答案C。BCitiesusuallyhaveagoodreasonforbeingwheretheyare,likeanearbyportorriver.Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtomunicationsandtrade.NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.Butnotallcitiesdevelopslowlyoveralongperiodoftime.Boomtownsgrowfromnothingalmostovernight.In1896,Dawson,Canada,wasunmappedwilderness(荒野).Butgoldwasdiscoveredtherein1897,andtwoyearslater,itwasoneofthelargestcitiesintheWest,withapopulationof30,000.DawsondidnothaveanyofthenaturalconveniencesofcitieslikeLondonorParis.Peoplewentthereforgold.Theytravelledoversnowcoveredmountainsandsailedhundredsofmilesupicyrivers.ThepathtoDawsonwascoveredwiththirtyfeetofwetsnowthatcouldfallwithoutwarming.Anavalanche(雪崩)onceclosedthepath,killing63people.FormanywhomadeittoDawson,however,therewardswereworththedifficulttrip.Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.About100ofthesestayedrichmenfortherestoftheirlives.Butnomatterhowrichtheywere,Dawsonwasneverfortable.Necessitieslikefoodandwoodwereveryexpensive.Butsoon,thegoldthatDawsondependedonhadallbeenfound.Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhade.Today,peoplestilleandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.TourismisnowthechiefindustryofDawsonCity—itspresentpopulationis762.4．WhatattractedtheearlysettlerstoNewYorkCity?A．Itsbusinessculture. B．Itssmallpopulation.C．Itsgeographicalposition. D．Itsfavourableclimate.5．WhatdoweknowaboutthosewhofirstdugforgoldinDawson?A．Twothirdsofthemstayedthere.B．Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.C．Almosteveryonegaveup.D．Halfofthemdied.6．WhatwasthemainreasonformanypeopletoleaveDawson?A．Theyfoundthecitytoocrowded.B．Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.C．Theywereunabletostandthewinter.D．Theywereshortoffood.【答案】4．C5．B6．B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们介绍了达沃斯这个城市的兴衰过程。4．细节理解题。根据第一段的NewYorkCity,forexample,isnearalargeharbouratthemouthoftheHudsonRiver.Over300yearsitspopulationgrewgraduallyfrom800peopleto8million.(例如，纽约是一个靠近哈德逊河口的打海港城市。300年来，它的人口从最初的800人到现在的8百万人)可知，吸引人们到纽约的原因是它的地理位置和便利。C.Itsgeographicalposition.(它的地理位置)符合以上说法。故选C项。5．细节理解题。根据第二段的Ofthefirst20,000peoplewhodugforgold,4,000gotrich.可知，最初来淘金的2万人中有4000个变富裕了，即占总数的五分之一。B.Oneoutoffivepeoplegotrich.(五分之一的人变富裕了)符合以上说法。故选B项。6．细节理解题。根据第三段的Thecitywascrowdedwithdisappointedpeoplewithnointerestinsettlingdown,andwhentheyheardtherewerenewgolddiscoveriesinAlaska,theyleftDawsonCityasquicklyastheyhade.(这个城市充满了失望的人，他们没有兴趣定居下来，当他们听说阿拉斯加有金矿时，他们离开了达沃斯，就像他们来时那样快)可知，人们离开达沃斯是因为在其他地方发现了金矿，即他们要去别的地方寻找发财的机会。B.Theywantedtotrytheirluckelsewhere.(他们要去别处寻找发财机会)符合以上说法。故选B项。CFifteenyearsago,ItookasummervacationinLecceinsouthernItaly.Afterclimbingupahillforapanoramic(全景的)viewofthebluesea,whitebuildingsandgreenolivetrees,Ipausedtocatchmybreathandthenpositionedmyselftotakethebestphotoofthispanorama.Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview.Likeme,thiswomanwasheretostop,sighandappreciatetheview.PatientasIwas,afterabout15minutes,mycamerascanningthesunandreviewingtheshotIwouldeventuallytake,Igrewfrustrated.WasittoomuchtoaskhertomovesoIcouldtakejustonepictureofthelandscape?Sure,Icouldhaveaskedher,butsomethingpreventedmefromdoingso.Sheseemedsocontentinherobservation.Ididn’twanttomesswiththat.Another15minutespassedandIgrewbored.Thewomanwasstillthere.Idecidedtotakethephotoanyway.AndnowwhenIlookatit,Ithinkherpresenceinthephotoiswhatmakestheimageinteresting.Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,somehowestolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.Thisphoto,withtheuniquebeautythatunfoldedbeforemeandthatwomanwho“ruined”it,nowhangsonawallinmybedroom.Whatwouldshethinkifsheknewthatherfigureiscaptured(捕捉)andfrozenonsomestranger’sbedroomwall?Abedroom,afterall,isaveryprivatespace,inwhichsomewomanIdon’tevenknowhasbeenimmortalized(使……永存).Insomeways,shelivesinmyhouse.Perhapsweallliveineachothers’spaces.Perhapsthisiswhatphotosarefor:toremindusthatweallappreciatebeauty,thatweallshareamondesireforpleasure,forconnection,forsomethingthatisgreaterthanus.Thatphotoisareminder,acapturedmoment,anunspokenconversationbetweentwowomen,separatedonlybyathinsquareofglass.7．Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasabouttotakeaphoto?A．Hercamerastoppedworking.B．Awomanblockedherview.C．Someoneaskedhertoleave.D．Afriendapproachedfrombehind.8．Accordingtotheauthor,thewomanwasprobably___________.A．enjoyingherselfB．losingherpatienceC．waitingforthesunsetD．thinkingaboutherpast9．Intheauthor’sopinion,whatmakesthephotosoalive?A．Therichcolorofthelandscape.B．Theperfectpositioningofthecamera.C．Thewoman’sexistenceinthephoto.D．Thesoftsunlightthatsummerday.10．Thephotoonthebedroomwallenablestheauthortobetterunderstand____________.A．theneedtobeclosetonatureB．theimportanceofprivatespaceC．thejoyofthevacationinItalyD．thesharedpassionforbeauty【答案】7．B8．A9．C10．D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者一次旅行的特殊经历带给作者的深思和感悟。7．考查推理判断。根据第二段第一句Unfortunately,justasItookoutmycamera,awomanapproachedfrombehind,andplantedherselfrightinfrontofmyview可知作者正准备拍照时，一位女士挡住了她的视野，选B。8．考查细节理解。根据第三段的句子Sheseemedsocontentinherobservation.可知这位女士可能玩儿的很开心，选A。9．考查细节理解。根据第四段的句子AndnowwhenIlookatit,Ithinkherpresenceinthephotoiswhatmakestheimageinteresting.Thelandscape,beautifulonitsown,somehowestolifeandbreathesbecausethiswomanisengagingwithit.可知照片儿中这位女士的存在，使得这张照片儿更有生气。选C。10．考查推理判断。根据第五段的句子Thisphoto,withtheuniquebeautythatunfoldedbeforemeandthatwomanwho“ruined”it,nowhangsonawallinmybedroom.可知卧室墙上的照片儿能够让作者更好地明白分享的美好，选D。（3）山东省济南外国语学校20202021学年高一3月月考英语试题阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASincethemodernOlympicsbeganin1896,ithasbeenheldinmorethan40differentcities.ThatgivesOlympicfansquiteafewpossibletraveldestinationstochoose!Beijing,ChinaOlympicfansshouldconsidervisitingtheBeijingOlympicParktocheckoutthespecialbuildingsofthesocalled“Bird’sNest”and“WaterCube”—thenationalstadiumandaquaticscenterbuiltforthe2008BeijingOlympics.PopularhistoricplacesinBeijingincludetheForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,andTian’anmenSquare.Innsbruck,AustriaLocatedintheheartoftheAlps,Innsbruckisknownasagreatwinterdestination—whichexplainswhyithashostednotonebuttwoWinterOlympics.Knownforitsmountainousviews,Innsbruckistheperfectstopforoutdooradventurers.MexicoCity,MexicoThiswonderfultraveldestinationoffersawidenumberofpopularmuseums,historicbuildings,andpublicparks.Peoplewillloveshoppingforfreshmeatandproduceatthemarkets,takingacookingclass,andgenerallyeatingtheirwaythroughMexicoCity,whichisespeciallyknownforitsculinary(烹饪的)experiencesthatincludebothgloballywellknownrestaurantsandlocallyfavoredstreetcarts.Melbourne,AustraliaNearlyhalfacenturybeforeSydneyhostedthe2000SummerOlympics,MelbournebecamethefirstAustralianhostcityin1956.Headtothe“culturalcapitalofAustralia”,locatedinVictoriaonthesoutheasterncoast,foranenergeticcafecultureandartscene,Melbourneofferssomethingforeverytypeoftravelerandeveryonecanenjoyaneveningatoneofthecity’smanyrooftopbarsoradayofwinetasting.1．Wherewillyougoifyouarefondofadventure?A．Beijing,China. B．MexicoCity,Mexico.C．Innsbruck,Austria. D．Melbourne,Australia.2．WhatcanvisitorsdoinMexicoCity?A．Enjoywonderfulculinaryclasses. B．Buybeautifulclothesandshoes.C．Admirebeautifulmountainousviews. D．VisitspecialstadiumsfortheOlympics.3．WhatcanweknowaboutMelbourne?A．Itisfamousforallkindsofwine. B．Ithasmanyworldfamoushotels.C．IthostedtheSummerOlympicstwice. D．Itcansatisfydifferenttravelers’needs.【答案】1．C2．A3．D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要给读者介绍了四个因为举办奥运会而成为热门旅游景点的城市。1．推理判断题。根据文章第三部分的Knownforitsmountainousviews,Innsbruckistheperfectstopforoutdooradventurers.(以其山景著名，Innsbruck是户外探险者的完美去处)可推测，如果喜欢探险，可以去Innsbruck。故选C项。2．细节理解题。根据文章第四部分的Peoplewillloveshoppingforfreshmeatandproduceatthemarkets,takingacookingclass,andgenerallyeatingtheirwaythroughMexicoCity,(人们喜欢在市场购买新鲜的肉产品，上烹饪课，在墨西哥城边走边吃)可知，人们在墨西哥城可以享受美妙的烹饪课。A.Enjoywonderfulculinaryclasses.(享受美妙的烹饪课)符合以上说法，故选A项。3．细节理解题。根据文章第五部分的Headtothe“culturalcapitalofAustralia”,locatedinVictoriaonthesoutheasterncoast,foranenergeticcafecultureandartscene,Melbourneofferssomethingforeverytypeoftravelerandeveryone