2024届重庆市缙云教育联盟高三上学期一模英语试题【含答案解析】

重庆缙云教育联盟2024年高考第一次诊断性检测英语试卷考生须知：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚；2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，在试卷上作答无效；3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回；4.全卷共9页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Closcthecurtains.B.Gotothecinema.C.Surfthenet.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaclassroom.B.Inalibrary.C.Inabookstore.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Acontest.B.Arestaurant.C.Asalesperson.4.Whatproblemarethespeakersfacing?A.Thepipeisleaking.B.Thetoolboxismissing.C.Therepairmanisunavailable.5.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Visitingamuseum.B.Takingataxi.C.Askingtheway.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。6.Whatarethespeakersplanningtodo?A.Giveamusicperformance.B.Manageamusicband.C.Attendawinterconcert.7.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At6p.m.B.At7p.m.C.At8p.m.听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。8.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Passamessage.B.Downloadsomefiles.C.Giveapresentation.9.HowcanJasonreachtheman?A.Bymeetinghimpersonally.B.Bysendinghimanemail.C.Bymakinghimacall.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第13四个小题。10.HowisthemanstudyingSpanish?A.Throughonlinecourses.B.Throughlanguageapps.C.Throughclassroomlessons.11.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutherwavyofstudyingSpanish?A.It’sconvenient.B.It’sinteresting.C.It’swell-organized.12.WhataspectofSpanishisthemaninterestedin?A.Dailyconversations.B.Traditionalliterature.C.Travelphrases.13.Whatdoesthewomantrytodointheend?A.Encouragetheman.B.Expressherworries.C.Recommendsomeclassics.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第16三个小题。14.Whatisthemandoing?A.Directingaplay.B.Conductinganinterview.C.Organizingadiscussion.15.WhatdoesWendythinkofsigningopera?A.Tough.B.Attractive.C.Amazing.16.WhatisWendy’sdutyduringtheperformance?A.Toplaythemusic.B.Toteachsignlanguage.C.Tointerpretfortheaudience.17.WhatdoesWendydobeforegoingonstage?A.Shegetsfamiliarwiththestage.B.Shetriestorememberallthelines.C.Shepractiseswiththeperformers.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。18.Whocouldthespeakerprobablybe?A.Anarchitect.B.Aparent.C.Ahost.19.Whatisthespeakerdissatisfiedwithaboutthebuilding?A.Itssite.B.Itsequipment.C.Itslook.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthecall?A.Thenewpoolisclosedinthewinter.B.Thesportscenterisintendedforchildren.C.Theproposedcomplexwillbewell-equipped.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIfyoureallywantatasteofDutchlife,abiketourthroughAmsterdamisthewaytogo.WhatisincludedinanAmsterdambiketourThebicycleisofcourseprovidedandincludedinthepriceofthetour.Sometoursoffercoffeeandteaafterthetourfinishes.Everytourespeciallyhasitsownthemeandroute(路线).Youcancomparethembyvisitingwebpagesaboutaparticulartour.AmsterdambicycletourbasicsThesetoursareusuallybetweenoneandtwohourslong.TheyareguidedbyfriendlyandknowledgeabletourguideswhoarewellcapableinhumaninteractionsandAmsterdaminformation.What’smore,thetourguidesusuallyknowmanylanguagesandareusedtodealingwithcommunicationbarriers(障碍).Ifitrains,noworries,youcanchoosetocancelyourtourfreeofcharge.Thisappliesofcoursealsoincaseof(万一)otherbadweatherorincaseyousimplydon’tfeelliketakingthetour.Thecancellationiseasy,withoutquestion,andfree.ImportantduringthebicycletourofAmsterdamPleasedon’tbecomesoDutchthatyoudisregardthetrafficlaws.ItisafactthatsomeAmsterdammersoftencrossastreetorabridgewhentheyfeellikedoingit.Thatiswhystayingalert(警惕的)andalittlebitofbikingexperiencecanhelpyoutocrossthesmallcitystreetsduringanAmsterdambiketour.Also,unlessyouare100%surethattheweatherwillbeplentysunny,you’dbetterbringajacket.Whenyoustartmovingonthebike,theAmsterdam’saircangetquitecold.1.WhatisspecialaboutanAmsterdambiketour?A.Itprovidesafreebike. B.Itofferscoffeeandtea.C.Itincludesafreelunch. D.Ithasitsthemeandroute.2.Whichofthefollowingissuggestedinthelastparagraph?A.Takingnonoticeofthetrafficrules. B.Bringingwarmclothing.C.DoingastheDutchdo. D.Gettingawayfrombadweather.3.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inahistorybook. B.Inaresearchpaper.C.Inanartmagazine. D.Inatravelbrochure.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了阿姆斯特丹的自行车之旅。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据WhatisincludedinanAmsterdambiketour部分关键句“Everytourespeciallyhasitsownthemeandroute(路线).(每次旅游都有自己的主题和路线。)”可知，阿姆斯特丹自行车之旅的特别之处是有它的主题和路线。故选D。2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“Also,unlessyouare100%surethattheweatherwillbeplentysunny,you’dbetterbringajacket.Whenyoustartmovingonthebike,theAmsterdam’saircangetquitecold.(此外，除非你百分之百确定天气会很晴朗，否则你最好带一件夹克。当你开始骑自行车时，阿姆斯特丹的空气会变得很冷。)”可知，最后一段中建议我们带上暖和的衣服。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段关键句“IfyoureallywantatasteofDutchlife,abiketourthroughAmsterdamisthewaytogo.(如果你真的想体验荷兰人的生活，那么骑自行车游览阿姆斯特丹是不错的选择。)”可知，本文主要介绍了阿姆斯特丹的自行车之旅，由此可知，这是一篇与旅行相关的文章，可能出现在一本旅游手册中。故选D。BIsfutureyou?Itmightseemlikeastrangephilosophicalquestion.Buttheanswertohowyouthinkaboutyourfutureselfcouldmakethedifferencebetweendecisionsyouultimatelyfindsatisfyingandonesyoumighteventuallyregret.ThebrainpatternsthatemergeonanMRI(核磁共振成像)whenpeoplethinkabouttheirfutureselvesmostlikethebrainpatternsthatarisewhentheythinkaboutstrangers.Thisfindingsuggeststhat,inthemind’seye,ourfutureselveslooklikeotherpeople.Ifyouseefutureyouasadifferentperson,whyshouldyousavemoney,eathealthierorexercisemoreregularlytobenefitthatstranger?However,ifyouseetheinterestsofyourdistantselfasmorelikethoseofyourpresentself,youareconsiderablymorelikelytodothingstodaythatbenefityoutomorrow.ApaperinthejournalPLoSOnerevealedthatcollegestudentswhoexperiencedagreatersenseofconnectionandsimilaritytotheirfutureselvesweremorelikelytoachieveacademicsuccess.Relationshipswithourfutureselvesalsomatterforgeneralpsychologicalwell-being.InaprojectledbyJosephReiff,whichincludes5,000adultsaged20to75,hefoundthatthosewhoperceivedagreatoverlap(重叠)inqualitiesbetweentheircurrentandfutureselvesendedupbeingmoresatisfiedwiththeirlives10yearsafterfillingouttheinitialsurvey.Sohowcanwebetterbefriendourfutureselvesandfeelmoreconnectedtotheirfates?Thepsychologicalmindsetwithwhatwecall”vividnessinterventions“works.Wehavefound,forinstance,thatshowingpeopleimagesoftheirolder,grayerselvesincreasesintentionstosaveforthelongterm.Besides,youmighttrywritingaletterto-andthenfrom-yourfutureself.AsdemonstratedbyYutaChishimaandAnneWilsonintheir2020studyinthejournalSelfandIdentity,whenhigh-schoolstudentsengagedinthistypeof”send-and-reply“exercise,theyexperiencedelevated(升高的)levelsoffeelingsofsimilaritywiththeirfutureselves.Letter-writingandvisualizationexercisesarejustacoupleofwayswecanconnectwithourfutureselvesandbeyond,butthelargerlessonhereisclear:Ifwecantreatourdistantselvesasiftheyarepeoplewelove,careaboutandwanttosupport,wecanstartmakingchoicesforthemthatimproveourlives-bothtodayandtomorrow.4.What’sthefunctionofparagraph2?A.Generatingfurtherdiscussion. B.Introducingaresearchresult.C.Showingtheeffectofthefinding. D.Concludingvariousviewpoints.5.Howdoestheauthorprovehisstatements?A.Byofferingrelevantstatistics. B.Byusingquotations.C.Byreferringtopreviousfindings. D.Bymakingcomparisons.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?ABenefitsofbefriendingourfutureselves.B.Waysofconnectingwithourfutureselves.C.Methodsofchangingpsychologicalmindsets.D.Possibilitiesofusbecomingourfutureselves.7.Whatdoesthearticlewanttotellus?A.Makingfutureplansmakesadifference.B.Ourfutureselveslooklikeotherpeople.C.Gettingtoknowyourfutureselfbenefits.D.Yourchoiceaffectsthefatesofstrangers.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一片说明文。文章主要介绍了与自己未来建立联系的好处，以及如何与未来的自己建立联系，并为未来做出有益的选择。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“ThebrainpatternsthatemergeonanMRI(核磁共振成像)whenpeoplethinkabouttheirfutureselvesmostlikethebrainpatternsthatarisewhentheythinkaboutstrangers.Thisfindingsuggeststhat,inthemind’seye,ourfutureselveslooklikeotherpeople.Ifyouseefutureyouasadifferentperson,whyshouldyousavemoney,eathealthierorexercisemoreregularlytobenefitthatstranger?(当人们思考未来的自我时，核磁共振成像上出现的大脑模式最像是当他们思考陌生人时产生的大脑模式。这一发现表明，在大脑的眼中，我们未来的自己看起来和其他人一样。如果你把未来的自己视为一个不同的人，你为什么要省钱、吃得更健康或更经常地锻炼来造福那个陌生人？)”可推知，本段通过设问来引出下文，产生进一步的讨论，为什么要和未来的自己建立联系。故选A。5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句话到最后一句话“ApaperinthejournalPLoSOnerevealedthatcollegestudentswhoexperiencedagreatersenseofconnectionandsimilaritytotheirfutureselvesweremorelikelytoachieveacademicsuccess.Relationshipswithourfutureselvesalsomatterforgeneralpsychologicalwell-being.InaprojectledbyJosephReiff,whichincludes5,000adultsaged20to75,hefoundthatthosewhoperceivedagreatoverlap(重叠)inqualitiesbetweentheircurrentandfutureselvesendedupbeingmoresatisfiedwiththeirlives10yearsafterfillingouttheinitialsurvey.(《公共科学图书馆综合》杂志上的一篇论文显示，与未来自我有更大联系感和相似感的大学生更有可能在学业上取得成功。与未来自我的关系对整体心理健康也很重要。在JosephReiff领导的一个项目中，包括5000名年龄在20岁至75岁之间的成年人，他发现那些认为自己现在和未来的品质有很大重叠的人，在完成最初的调查10年后，最终对自己的生活更加满意)”可推知，作者通过参考先前的发现来证明他的陈述。故选C。6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段第一句话“Sohowcanwebetterbefriendourfutureselvesandfeelmoreconnectedtotheirfates?(那么，我们如何才能更好地与未来的自己成为朋友，并与他们的命运更加紧密地联系在一起呢？)”以及全段内容来看，本段主要介绍了与未来的自己联系的方式。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中第二句话“Buttheanswertohowyouthinkaboutyourfutureselfcouldmakethedifferencebetweendecisionsyouultimatelyfindsatisfyingandonesyoumighteventuallyregret.(但是，你如何看待未来的自己的答案可能会决定你最终感到满意的决定和你最终可能后悔的决定)”及第三段的第二、三句话“ApaperinthejournalPLoSOnerevealedthatcollegestudentswhoexperiencedagreatersenseofconnectionandsimilaritytotheirfutureselvesweremorelikelytoachieveacademicsuccess.Relationshipswithourfutureselvesalsomatterforgeneralpsychologicalwell-being.(《公共科学图书馆综合》杂志上的一篇论文显示，与未来自我有更大联系感和相似感的大学生更有可能在学业上取得成功。与未来自我的关系对整体心理健康也很重要)”和最后一段“Letter-writingandvisualizationexercisesarejustacoupleofwayswecanconnectwithourfutureselvesandbeyond,butthelargerlessonhereisclear:Ifwecantreatourdistantselvesasiftheyarepeoplewelove,careaboutandwanttosupport,wecanstartmakingchoicesforthemthatimproveourlives-bothtodayandtomorrow(写信和可视化练习只是我们与未来自我和未来自我联系的几种方式，但这里更大的教训是明确的：如果我们能把遥远的自我当作我们爱、关心和想要支持的人来对待，我们就能开始为他们做出选择，改善我们今天和明天的生活)”可知，文章介绍了与未来自己建立联系的好处，如何与未来的自己建立联系，并为未来做出有益的选择。由此推知，这篇文章想告诉我们了解未来的自己的利好处。故选C。CWemayweepforthedodo,butcouldandshouldwebringthislovelybirdbackfromthedead?De-extinctionisthescienceofrestoringlostspeciesandithasbeeninthenewsfordecades.Thestoryinmoderntimesbeganin1990whenMichaelCrichtonpublishedhissciencefictionnovelJurassicPark,inwhichheimaginedaworldwherescientistswereabletobringdinosaursbacktolife.Crichtonimaginedthatpolymerasechainreaction(PCR)technologycouldbeawaytoamplify(放大)tinyquantitiesofdinosaurDNAandthusbuildalivingembryo.Sadly,biologistssoonrealizedthatDNAinfactbreaksdownsuper-fast;evenafter100years,DNAfrommuseumskinsofdodoswasdecayed(腐烂)beyondrepair.Theycouldbesequenced(测定序列)usingmassivecomputationalpower,butthenonlywithconsiderableuncertainty.AndevenifyoucaptureaDNAsequence,there’sstilltheproblemofhowyougetlivingcellstoreadthatsequenceandexpressproteinsthatmakethedinosaurorthedodo.Butwhywouldanyonewanttoseemammoths,orsomethinglikethem,roaming(漫游)present-daySiberia?Well,theywereundoubtedlyamazingbeasts.Aswellashuntingthem,ourdistantancestorspaintedtheirlikenessesincavesacrossEurope.Fascinatingastheymaybe,there'ssomeecologicaljustificationfortheprojecttoo.Itwasthisdiversityoflandsurface,brokenupbyheavylimbsandrandomlyfertilisedbyfaeces(排泄物),thatsupportedsomuchflora(植物群).Withoutthemammoths,thatdiversitydisappeared.Returnthemandlandscapeswouldonceagainbewithavarietyofspecies,includingflowersandbushes.True,it’snotde-extinctioninthesenseofbringingalong-deadspeciesbacktolife.Insteadit’smorelikemakinga“dodo”byengineeringamodernpigeon,itsclosestrelative,tobecomehugeandflightless.Theresultwouldbeabig,fattypigeonthat,whetheritlookedlikeadodoornot,wouldprobablyfulfilsomeofitsecologicalroles.Asapalaeontologist,Iwouldofcourselovetoseelivingdinosaurs,mammothsanddodos.Insomeways,though,Iamrelievedthattheoptimisticclaimsforcloningandgenetictechnologieshavenotbeenborneout.Theslowdowngivesustimetoconsidertheoutcomes—andhopefullyavoidsomeofMichaelCrichton’smorefeveredimaginings.8.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Asciencefictionreview. B.ThedevelopmentofDNA.C.Aninspiredguessofde-extinction. D.TheapplicationofPCRtechnology.9.What’sthebarriertocloningalivingembryo?A.DNAishardtokeepforlong. B.Computationalpowerislimited.C.Biologistsareopposedtoit. D.Livingcellscantbesequenced.10.Whyarepeopleinterestedincloningextinctspecies?A.Theyexpecttoseekhuntfun. B.Theylacksourcesofmodernart.C.Theyneedthemforresearch. D.Theywanttoseebiodiversity.11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardcloningextinctspecies?A.Cautious. B.Unclear. C.Dismissive. D.Approving.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本篇是议论文，作者对克隆灭绝物种进行了分析。【8题详解】主旨大意题。文章第二段讲到“inwhichheimaginedaworldwherescientistswereabletobringdinosaursbacktolife.Crichtonimaginedthatpolymerasechainreaction(PCR)technologycouldbeawaytoamplify(放大)tinyquantitiesofdinosaurDNAandthusbuildalivingembryo.(在小说里，他想象了一个科学家能够让恐龙复活的世界。克莱顿设想聚合酶链式反应（PCR）技术可能是一种扩增(放大)微小数量的恐龙DNA，从而构建了一个活的胚胎。)”可知，第二段的主要内容是一个关于灭绝动物复活启发性猜测。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“Sadly,biologistssoonrealizedthatDNAinfactbreaksdownsuper-fast;evenafter100years,DNAfrommuseumskinsofdodoswasdecayed(腐烂)beyondrepair.(可悲的是，生物学家很快意识到DNA实际上分解得非常快；即使在100年后，博物馆里渡渡鸟皮肤上的DNA也腐烂得无法修复。)”可知，克隆活胚胎的障碍是很难长期保存。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。文章第五段讲到“Withoutthemammoths,thatdiversitydisappeared.Returnthemandlandscapeswouldonceagainbewithavarietyofspecies,includingflowersandbushes.(没有长毛象，这种多样性就消失了。让他们回归，景观将再次出现各种各样的物种，包括花朵和灌木。)”可知，人们热衷于克隆灭绝动物主要是想看到生物的多样性。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“Theslowdowngivesustimetoconsidertheoutcomes—andhopefullyavoidsomeofMichaelCrichton’smorefeveredimaginings(经济放缓给了我们时间来考虑结果——并有望避免迈克尔·克莱顿的一些更狂热的想象)”可知，作者对克隆灭绝动物持谨慎的观点。故选A。DSomeantshavefiguredouthowtoavoidgettinglost:buildtalleranthills,accordingtoarecentstudy.Desertantslivinginthehot,flatsaltpansofTunisiaspendtheirdayslookingforfoodandreachasfaras1.1kilometersfromtheirnests.Tofindtheirwayhome,desertantsuseanavigationsystem,relyingonthesun’spositionandcountingtheirstepstotracktheirlocationrelativetotheirnest.Butthissystembecomesincreasinglyunreliableasthedistancefromthenestincreases.“Werealizedthat,whenevertheantsinsaltpanscameclosertotheirnest,theysuddenlypinpointedthenesthillfromseveralmetersdistance,”saysMarkusKnaden,aresearcheratMaxPlanckInstituteforChemicalEcology.“Thismadeusthinkthatthehillservesasanest-defininglandmark.”SoKnadenandcolleaguescapturedantsfromnestsinthemiddleofsaltpansandfromalongtheirshorelines.Onlysalt-pannestshaddistincthills,upto40centimeterstall,whereasthehillsonshorelinenestswerelowerorbarelynoticeable.Next,theteamremovedanyhillsandplacedthecapturedinsectssomedistanceawayfromtheirnests.Salt-panantsstruggledmorethanshoreantstofindhomes.Shoreantsreliedontheshorelineforguidanceandweren’taffectedbythehillremoval,theresearchersconcluded.Theteamfurtherconductedanotherstudytoseeifdesertantsweredeliberatelybuildingatallerhillwhentheirsurroundingslackedanyvisiblelandmarks.So,theresearchersremovedthehillsof16salt-pannestsandinstalled(安装)two50-centimeter-tallblocksneareightofthem.Theothereightnestswereleftwithoutanyartificialvisualaid.Afterthreedays,theresearchersfoundthatsevenantsfromtheunaidednestshadrebuilttheirhills.Butonlytwoantsfromthenestswithman-madeblocksnearbyhadbotheredtorebuild.“Itimpliesthatantsregularlyassessthecomplexityoftheirenvironmentandchangetheirdecisionsbasedontheirconclusion,”saysecologistJudithBronsteinoftheUniversityofArizona.12.Whataspectofantsistherecentstudymainlyabout?A.Challengesofsurvival. B.Landmarksofhabitats.C.Intelligenceofnavigation. D.Comparisonofvarieties.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pinpointed”inparagraph2mean?A.Explored. B.Recognized. C.Climbed. D.Crossed.14.Whydidresearcherssetshorelineantsintheexperiment?A.Toobservedifferentants’reactions. B.Toproveimpactsofvarioushabitats.C.Todisturbdesertants’navigationsystem. D.Totestanthills’functionsandsignificance.15.Whatconclusionaboutdesertantscanbedrawnfromthefollow-upstudy?A.Evaluateandmakechanges. B.Visualaidisamust.C.Cooperationbringsvictory. D.Noman-madeblocksareused.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了沙漠蚂蚁的“智能化导航”。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Someantshavefiguredouthowtoavoidgettinglost:buildtalleranthills,accordingtoarecentstudy.(一些蚂蚁已经想出了如何避免迷路：根据最近的一项研究，就是建造更高的蚁丘)”以及第二、三段中的内容可知，研究发现沙漠蚂蚁利用太阳的位置和计算步数来确定自己相对于巢穴的位置，并且当它们离巢越远时，这种导航系统越不可靠。研究者进一步观察了沙漠盐田和海岸线地区的蚂蚁巢穴，发现只有沙漠盐田的巢穴上方有明显的小丘，而海岸线地区的巢穴则较低或几乎不可见。由此可知，这项研究主要关于蚂蚁导航的智能化。故选C。2.词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“Thismadeusthinkthatthehillservesasanest-defininglandmark.(这让我们觉得这座山就像是一个定义巢穴的地标)”可知，研究者认为这个小丘是沙漠蚂蚁定位巢穴的地标,它们在接近巢穴时会一下子在几米远的距离外辨认出巢穴小丘。由此可知，划线词pinpointed的意思是“辨认”。故选B。3.推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，研究者对沙漠蚂蚁和海岸线蚂蚁进行了实验，目的是比较它们在失去小丘后找回巢穴的情况。因此，研究者在实验中设置海岸线蚂蚁是为了观察不同蚂蚁的反应和表现。故选A。4.细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Afterthreedays,theresearchersfoundthatsevenantsfromtheunaidednestshadrebuilttheirhills.Butonlytwoantsfromthenestswithman-madeblocksnearbyhadbotheredtorebuild.(三天后，研究人员发现，无人帮助的蚂蚁巢中有七只蚂蚁重建了它们的丘陵。但是只有两只来自附近有人造障碍的蚂蚁巢中的蚂蚁费心去重建)”以及最后一段中的“Itimpliesthatantsregularlyassessthecomplexityoftheirenvironmentandchangetheirdecisionsbasedontheirconclusion.(这意味着蚂蚁定期评估其环境的复杂性，并根据他们的结论改变他们的决定)”可知，研究者进行了一项后续研究，发现当人为移除沙漠蚂蚁的盐田巢穴的小丘时，一些蚂蚁重新建造了它们的小丘，而有一些蚂蚁利用人为搭建的地标建巢。由此可知，蚂蚁会定期评估周围环境的复杂性，并根据自己的结论改变决策。故选A。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Astheconceptofemotionalintelligence(EI)hasgoneglobal,we’vewatchedprofessionalsfailastheytrytoimprovetheiremotionalintelligencebecausetheyeitherdon’tknowwheretofocustheireffortsortheyhaven’tunderstoodhowtoimprovetheseskillsonapracticallevel.Inourworkconsultingwithcompaniesandcoachingleaders,wehavefoundthatifyou’relookingtodevelopparticularEIstrengths,ithelpstoconsiderareasforimprovementothershaveidentifiedalongwiththegoalsyouwanttoachieve,andthentoactivelybuildhabitsinthoseareasratherthansimplyrelyingonunderstandingthemconceptually.Thefirststepistogetasenseofhowyourself-perception(howyouseeyourself)differsfromyourreputation(howothersseeyou);____16____.Forexample,mostofusthinkthatwe’regoodlisteners,butveryoftenthat’sreallynotthecase.Withoutthisexternalrealitycheck,itwillbedifficultforyoutoidentifythewaysthatyouractionsaffectyourperformance.Gettingfeedbackfromotherscanalsoprovideproofofthenecessityofshiftingourbehaviourandmotivationtodoso.Togiveyouthebestsenseofwherethedifferencesliebetweenyourself-perceptionandreputation,youshouldusea360-degreefeedbackassessmentthattakesintoaccountthemultiplefacetsofEI;____17____.Secondly,whenyougetyourfeedbackfromanassessment,letthatinformwhatyouwanttoimprove.Butalsoconsiderwhatyourgoalsare.Whenitcomestocultivatingstrengthsinemotionalintelligence,____18____.Youremotionalintelligenceissotiedupinyoursenseofselfthatbeingintrinsicallymotivatedtomaketheeffortmattersmorewhenchanginglong-standinghabitsthanitdoeswhensimplylearningaskill.Thatmeanstheareasthatyouchoosetoactivelyworkonshouldlieatthecrossroadsofthefeedbackyou’vegottenandtheareasthataremostimportanttoyourownaspirations;____19____asyoudotheworkofstrengtheningyouremotionalintelligence.Onceyou’vedeterminedwhichEIskillsyouwanttofocuson,identifyspecificactionsthatyou’lltake.Ifyou’reworkingonbecomingabetterlistener,forexample,youmightdecidethatwhenyou’reconversingwithsomeoneyou’lltakethetimetopause,listentowhattheyhavetosay,andcheckthatyouunderstandbeforeyoureply.Keepitspecific:____20____.Bystartingtochangeyourroutinereactions,you’llbewellonyourwaytofiguringouttheoldhabitsthataren’tservingyouwellandtransformingthemintonew,improvedonesthatdo.A.you’reatahugedisadvantageifyou’reonlyinterestedbecauseotherssaidyoushouldbeB.bearingyourgoalsinmindissohelpfultoimprovethepositiveimpactofyourcurrentEIhabitsC.youshouldalsotakeeveryopportunitytopracticetheskillyouaredeveloping,nomatterhowsmallD.understandingtheimpactsofyourEIhabitsrelativetoyourgoalswillkeepyougoingoverthelongrunE.thekeyistofindonethatguaranteesnopersonalinformationofthosegivingyoufeedbackwillbeleakedF.howothersseeyouwilltosomeextentdecidehowyouseeothersandhelpyoubecomeagoodlistenerG.thisistruebecausewecanbeblindtohowweexpressandreadtheemotionalcomponentsofourinteractions【答案】16.G17.E18.A19.D20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨了提高情商的方法：了解自我认知与声誉之间的区别，明确目标，确定改变具体的行动。【16题详解】根据上文“Thefirststepistogetasenseofhowyourself-perception(howyouseeyourself)differsfromyourreputation(howothersseeyou);(第一步是弄清楚你的自我认知(你如何看待自己)和你的声誉(别人如何看待你)有何不同)”可知，提高情商第一步得弄清楚你对自己的看法和别人对你的看法有何不同。再结合后句“Forexample,mostofusthinkthatwe’regoodlisteners,butveryoftenthat’sreallynotthecase.Withoutthisexternalrealitycheck,itwillbedifficultforyoutoidentifythewaysthatyouractionsaffectyourperformance.(例如，我们大多数人都认为自己是好的倾听者，但事实往往并非如此。如果没有这种外部的现实检查，你就很难确定你的行为是如何影响你的表现的)”可知，其他人的看法会给我们提供一些好的反馈。G选项“thisistruebecausewecanbeblindtohowweexpressandreadtheemotionalcomponentsofourinteractions(这是真的，因为我们可能对我们如何表达和解读互动中的情感成分视而不见)”符合语境，下文是对选项的举例说明。故选G项。【17题详解】根据上文“Togiveyouthebestsenseofwherethedifferencesliebetweenyourself-perceptionandreputation,youshouldusea360-degreefeedbackassessmentthattakesintoaccountthemultiplefacetsofEI;(为了让你更好地了解你的自我认知和声誉之间的差异，你应该使用考虑到情商的多个方面的360度反馈评估)”可知，了解差异的最佳方式是采用360°反馈评估。且空后内容为方法的第二步，由此推知，空处承接上文陈述在寻找反馈时的注意事项。E选项“thekeyistofindonethatguaranteesnopersonalinformationofthosegivingyoufeedbackwillbeleaked(关键是要找到一个能保证给你反馈的人的个人信息不会泄露的人)”符合语境，故选E项。【18题详解】根据后文“Youremotionalintelligenceissotiedupinyoursenseofselfthatbeingintrinsicallymotivatedtomaketheeffortmattersmorewhenchanginglong-standinghabitsthanitdoeswhensimplylearningaskill.(你的情商与你的自我意识密切相关，所以在改变长期的习惯时，内在的动力更重要，而不仅仅是学习一项技能)”可知，内在的动力很重要，不能被其他人的言论影响。再结合上文上文“Whenitcomestocultivatingstrengthsinemotionalintelligence(说到培养情商方面的优势)”可知，当提到培养情商时，如果因为别人的言论而去做一件事，就是处于劣势。A选项“you’reatahugedisadvantageifyou’reonlyinterestedbecauseotherssaidyoushouldbe(如果你只是因为别人说你应该感兴趣，你就会处于极大的劣势)”符合语境。故选A项。【19题详解】根据上文“Thatmeanstheareasthatyouchoosetoactivelyworkonshouldlieatthecrossroadsofthefeedbackyou’vegottenandtheareasthotaremostimportanttoyourownaspirations;(这意味着你选择积极努力的领域应该处于你所获得的反馈和对你自己的理想最重要的领域的十字路口)”可知，我们要找准我们应该积极努力的区域。D选项“understandingtheimpactsofyourEIhabitsrelativetoyourgoalswillkeepyougoingoverthelongrun(了解你的情商习惯对你的目标的影响会让你在长期的发展中保持下去)”符合语境，故选D项。【20题详解】根据上文“Ifyou’reworkingonbecomingabetterlistener,forexample,youmightdecidethatwhenyou’reconversingwithsomeoneyou’lltakethetimetopause,listentowhattheyhavetosay,andcheckthatyouunderstandbeforeyoureply.Keepitspecific:(例如，如果你正在努力成为一个更好的倾听者，你可能会决定当你和别人交谈时，你会花时间停下来，听他们说什么，在回答之前检查你是否理解。具体一点)”可知，我们要花时间停下来认真听别人的话，下文应陈述具体应该怎么做。C选项“youshouldalsotakeeveryopportunitytopracticetheskillyouaredeveloping,nomatterhowsmall(你也应该珍惜每一个练习你正在培养的技能的机会，无论多么小)”符合语境，故选C项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Theexpression,“Everybody’sdoingit,”isverymuchatthecenteroftheconceptofpeerpressure.Itisasocialinfluenceappliedonanindividualinordertogetthatpersontoactorbelieveina(n)___21___wayasalargergroup.Thisinfluencecanbenegativeorpositive,andcanexistinbothlargeandsmallgroups.Peoplearesocialcreaturesbynature,andsoitishardly___22___thatsomepartoftheirself-respectcomesfromtheapprovalofothers.Thisinstinctexplainswhytheapprovalofpeers,andthefearof___23___,issuchapowerfulforceinmanypeople’slives.Thisinstinctdrivespeopletodressonewayathomeandano