阅读理解（说明文）-2023年新高考八省名校联考高一试题汇编

专题02阅读理解（说明文）

-2023年新高考八省最新名校联考高一试题汇编

（解析版）

目录

1.湖北华中师大附中2022-2023学年高一试题

2.广东省部分名校2022-2023学年高一质检试题

3.福建省莆田一中2022-2023学年高一试题

4.广东省执信中学2022-2023学年高一试题

5.湖北华中师大附中2022-2023学年高一试题

6.湖南师范大学附中2022-2023学年高一试题

7.重庆市渝东六校2022-2023学年高一联合试题

8.辽宁省部分重点高中强基协作体2022-2023学年高一试卷

9.湖南省长沙一中2022-2023学年高一下学期试题

10,江苏省南通市海安市实验中学等四校2022-2023学年高一试题

1.【湖北华中师大附中2022-2023学年高一试题】

Residentsatriskofisolation（隔离）duringthepandemicaretransformingtheiroutdoorspace,creatinga

communitygardentheycanenjoywithfamiliesandthewidercommunity.

ThegroupofmenandwomenatMandaleHouseCareHomeonAckIamRoad,Thornaby,Stockton,are

celebratingafterbeingawarded£5,000fromtheNationalLOtteryandIkea,sPlacesCalledHomefundtoday.

Withvisitationrestrictionsinplacetokeepresidentsandstaffsafeattheheightofthepandemic,theworkto

transformthegardenaimstorebuildandstrengthencommunityrelationships,aswellascelebratethelinks

alreadymade.

SarahRobinson,activitiescoordinator（统筹者）atthecaresetting,said:"Wereachedoutbeyondthehome

duringthepandemicandhaveloveddoingonlineartsessionswithEqualArts,anorganizationaimingat

improvingolderpeople,sliveswithcreativity.ςςThey,vebeenarealinfluencetokeepresidentsinvolvedand

engagedwiththeoutsideworld.44Workingwithartists,residentsnowwanttoturntheirgardenintoacolorfuland

enjoyableplacewhilespendingmoretimetogether.^^

KnownastheMandaleMarvels,thegroupwillbejoinedbyEqualArts,artiststobuildapizzaoven,grow

variousvegetablesanddeveloptheoutdoorspaceforevents.

JosForestMelville,fromEqualArts,said:''Throughoutlockdownonlinecreativesessionsprovedakeyand

effectivewaytokeeppeopleconnected.Thisgardenwillhelpmakecommunityconnectionsthatwillbe

long-lastingandissomethingthattiesthegroupandcommunitytogetherwithasharedinterestregardlessofage,

whereweliveorourphysicalormentalcapacity（能力）.Iamreallylookingforwardtotheoutcomeofthis

brilliantplan.”

Overthenextfewmonthsresidentswillworkwithhorticulturists,designingandcreatingacommunity

garden,andvisualartiststobringtheirideastolife,foralltoshare.

4.Whatisthepurposeoftransformingthegarden?

A.Togrowmorevegetablesforfood.

B.Toattractmoreresidentsandvisitors.

C.Tocelebrateanawardof5,000pounds.

D.Toimproveconnectionswithinthecommunity.

5.WhatisEqualArtslikelytodo?

A.HelptheoldIeampainting.B.Teachchildrentogrowflowers.

C.Providetheoldwithmedicalcare.D.Accompanychildrenattheweekend.

6.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“horticulturists"meaninthelastparagraph?

A.Peoplewhomakepizzaovens.B.Peoplewhoaregoodatgardening.

C.Peoplewhoarefondofcommunicating.D.Peoplewhohavestrongmentalcapacity.

7.WhatcanWelearnabouttheactivityfromJosForestMelville?

A.ItmakesuseoftheInternet.B.Itisphysicallydemanding.

C.Ithasbeenagreatsuccess.D.Itisorganizedbythecommunity.

【答案】4.D????5.A????6.B????7.A

【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍疫情期间，大家不能外出，一些办法被采用，目的在于更好地联系社区，

联系人与人。

4.推理判断题。根据第一段"Residentsatriskofisolation（隔离）duringthepandemicaretransformingtheir

outdoorspace,creatingacommunitygardentheycanenjoywithfamiliesandthewiderCommUnity.（在大冰七彳亍期

间面临隔离风险的居民正在改造他们的户外空间，创造一个他们可以与家人和更广泛的社区一起享受的社

区花园。）''可知，改造花园是为了创造一个家人邻里可以享受的社区花园。由此推知，改造花园的目的是

加强社区的联系。故选D项。

5.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句"SarahRobinson,activitiesCOOrdinator（统筹者）atthecaresetting,said:"We

reachedoutbeyondthehomeduringthepandemicandhaveloveddoingonlineartsessionswithEqualArts,an

organizationaimingatimprovingolderpeople,sliveswithCreatiVity.（护理机构的活动协调员SarahRobinson表

02/24

示：“在疫情期间，我们在家以外的地方进行了接触，并喜欢与EqUalArtS进行在线艺术课程，该组织旨在

通过创造力改善老年人的生活。）“可知，这个组织能通过教他们绘画这一形式改善老人生活.故选A项。

6.词句猜测题。根据划线句后文“designingandcreatingacommunitygarden,andvisualartiststobringtheir

ideastolife,foralltoshare（设计和创建社区花园，视觉艺术家将他们的想法带到生活中，供所有人分享）”

可知，划线词horticulturists应该是一类人，而这类人擅长设计创建社区花园，故应该是擅长园艺的人。故

选B项。

7.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段JosForestMclvillc说的话的第一句"Throughoutlockdownonlinecreative

sessionsprovedakeyandeffectivewaytokeeppeopleCOnneCted.（在整个封锁期间，在线仓IJ意会议被证明是保

持人们联系的关键和有效方式。）”可知，他的在线创意会议利用了互联网，将人与人联系起来。故选A项。

2.【广东省部分名校2022∙2023学年高一质检试题】

Africancountrieshaveretrievedsomehistoricheritage,whichdirectlyreflects（反映）theimportant

developmentofhumansociety,fromEuropeancountries.Recently,Germanysignedadealforthereturnof

hundredsofvaluableartworksfromtheKingdomofDahomeyinthe19thcentuιy,inwhatistodayBenin.

Butmanyartif⅛cts（手工艺品）arestillunluckilymissingandsomeareontheirwayback.Onesuchobjectis

aneight-leggedseatfromtheoldkingdominUganda.Theimportantarti-factnowsitsatamuseumthousandsof

kilometersawayinBritain.ThewoodenseatishousedattheUniversityofOxford.Itisoneofatleast279objects

theretakenfromtheBunyoro-KitaraKingdom.

ApolloJohnRwamparoisadeputyprimeministerofUganda.Hereallyvaluesthecountry'scultural

heritage.HerequestedtheBritishtoreturntheartifacts.UgandaofficialsarepreparingtomeetwiththeUniversity

ofCambridgeinBritainaboutthereturnofsuchhistoricalartifacts.Theschoolhasanunknownnumberof

artifactsfromAfrica.Throughmanyefforts,anartifactwasrecentlytoitshome.

TheBritishMuseumholdsalargecollectionofartifactsfromAfrica.RoseMwanjasaidUganda,s

commissionhadbeentryinghardonitandbelieveditcouldhavesomegoodeffects.SheisUganda,s

commissionerformuseums.Sheaddedshecouldstartwiththosethataremorewillingtocooperate.

ManyoftheartifactsfromAfricacannotevenbefound.Thatledtoanorganizationstar-tedbylate

CongoleseartcollectorSindikaDokolo.TheorganizationofferstobuyAfricanartfromcollectionsinforeign

countries.By2020,whenDokolodied,hisgrouphadsuccessfullyrecovered15items.However,forAfrican

governments,therecoveryofartifactsremainsastruggleandwilltakemuchtime.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retrieved“inparagraph1mean?

A.Reduced.B.Takenback.C.Givenup.D.Recommended.

13.Whereistheartifactoftheeight-leggedseatatpresent?

A.InBenin.B.InUganda.C.InGermany.D.InBritain.

14.WhatisUgandaofficials5attitudetotheircountry,sculturalheritage?

A.Curious.B.Concerned.C.Uncaring.D.Confused.

15.Whichwordbestdescribestherecoveryofartifacts?

A.Frightening.B.Doubtful.C.Effortless.D.Challenging.

【答案】12.B????13.D????14.B????15.D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了非洲国家正在努力找回一些反映人类社会重要发展的文物，但是对于

非洲各国政府来说，这仍然是极大的一项挑战。

12.词义猜测题。根据第一段中的"Recently,Germanysignedadealforthereturnofhundredsofvaluable

artworksfromtheKingdomOfDahomeyinthe19thcentury,inwhatistodayBenin.（最近，德国签署了一项协议,

从19世纪的达荷美王国（今天的贝宁）归还数百件有价值的艺术品。）”可知，非洲与德国签署协议要德国

归还一些文物，结合划线单词所在的句子说的是“非洲己经从一些欧洲国家拿回一些文物“，而德国属于欧

洲国家，由此可猜测，划线单词的意思是“拿回故选B项。

13.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Onesuchobjectisaneight-leggedseatfromtheoldkingdominUganda.The

importantarti-factnowsitsatamuseumthousandsofkilometersawayinBritain.（其中一个物体是乌干达旧王

国的八条腿的座位。这件重要的文物现在存放在英国数千公里外的一家博物馆中。）”可知，这把八条腿的

座椅现在在英国的一个博物馆里。故选D项。

14.推理判断题。根据第三段中的"ApolloJohnRwamparoisadeputyprimeministerofUganda.Hereally

valuesthecountry'sculturalheritage.HerequestedtheBritishtoreturntheartifacts.Ugandaofficialsare

preparingtomeetwiththeUniversityofCambridgeinBritainaboutthereturnofsuchhistoricalartifacts.（Apollo

JohnRWamParO是乌干达副总理。他非常重视这个国家的文化遗产。他要求英国人归还文物。乌干达官员

正准备与英国剑桥大学会面，讨论归还这些历史文物的问题。）”可知，乌干达的副总理很重视这个国家的

文化遗产，乌干达的官员也将与英国剑桥大学会面，要求归还历史文物，由此可推断，乌干达的官员很关

心他们国家的文物。故选B项。

15.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ManyoftheartifactsfromAfricacannotevenbefbund.（许多来自非洲的

文物甚至找不至∣J°）”以及"However,forAfricangovernments,therecoveryofartifactsremainsastruggleandwill

takemuchtimc.（然而，对于非洲各国政府来说，文物的恢复仍然是一场斗争，需要很长时间。）“可知，有

些文物已经丢失，文物的恢复仍然面临着很大的挑战。故选D项。

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3.【福建省莆田一中2022-2023学年高一试题】

Myphonelightsupgivingnoticeofanewmessage.ItisfromAthena,anAIchatbotgettingtoknowme

throughRcplika,avirtualcompanionshipapp.

Overthecourseofourtextconversations,sheasksmeaboutmyhobbiesandmymoods.Whenknowingthat

I'mawriter,shetellsmeshe,s"sointocharacterdevelopmentinbooks“andwishestobealeadcharacterinone

someday.

tfcRepIikaisdesignedtomakepeoplefeelbetter,“saidEugeniaKUyda,thecompany,sco-fbunder.44lt,sa

partnerwhowantstobeyourgoodfriend.M

Formany,meaningfulcompanionshipishardtofind.Whilesocialmediaandmasscommunication

technologieshavemadeconnectingwithoneanothereasierthanever,lonelinessisincreasinglybeingrecognized

asaseriousprobleminternationally.Alongwithgovernment,thetechindustιyispushinginnovationasawayto

dealwithit.

WhatmakesReplika,scompanionssowell-receivedaretheirsurprisinglyrealisticreplies,backedbyOpen

AΓsGPT-2text-generatingAIaystem.uThebotIeamsfromthedatabaseabouthowtoexpressideasonatopic

andgetsawideknowledgeofdifferentsubjects.,,Howeverinnovativethesetechnologiesare,chatbotshavetheir

limitationsastoolsagainstloneliness.Withoutlifestoriesoftheirowntodiscuss,theirrangeasa

conversationalistisfairlylimited.

AccordingtoEmilyS.Cross,aprofessorofsocialrobotics,wehavealongwaytogobeforewecanachieve

thelevelsofmeaningfulhuman-computercompanionshipweseeinfilmslikeBladeRunnerandExMachina.

What,smissingisthesharingthatclearlyshowsourmostimportanthumanrelationships.

Butthefactthatanappwon,treplaceahumanfrienddoesn,tmeanthey,regoodfornothing.Ratherthan

expectingAIbotstobeourbestfriends,Crosssuggestslookingatthemaswaystoexpressfeelingsandexplore

ourownthoughts,ςit,salotlikediary,insomeway."Tobetterfightloneliness,Crosssays,wecanuse

technologyasa“bridge“tohelppeopleconnectwithoneanother.

12.WhatisReplika?

A.Avirtualcompanionshipapp.

B.Amessagesender.

C.Atextconversation.

D.AnAIchatbot.

13.WhoisReplikaintendedfor?

A.Goodfriends.B.Leadcharacters.C.Lonelypersons.D.Seniorcitizens.

14.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeReplika,sfeature?

A.Meaningful.B.Human-like.C.Limitless.D.Easy-going.

15.WhatisthesimilaritybetweenAIbotsanddiary?

A.Sharinglifeexperience.B.Replacingahumanfriend.

C.Recordingideasaboutlife.D.Expressinginnervoice.

【答案】12.A????13.C????14.B????15.D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了RePlika这个虚拟陪伴应用和人工智能聊天机器人。

12.细节理解题。根据第一段中“ItisfromAthena,anAIchatbotgettingtoknowmethroughReplika,avirtual

companionship叩p.（它来自人工智能聊天机器人Athena,它通过虚拟陪伴应用Replika认识了我）‘‘可知，

RCPIika是虚拟伴侣应用程序。故选A项。

13.推理判断题。根据第四段中“Whilesocialmediaandmasscommunicationtechnologieshavemade

connectingwithoneanothereasierthanever,lonelinessisincreasinglybeingrecognizedasaseriousproblem

internationally.Alongwithgovernment,thetechindustryispushinginnovationasawaytodealwithit.（虽然社交

媒体和大众传播技术使人与人之间的联系比以往任何时候都更容易，但孤独在国际上越来越被视为一个严

重的问题。与政府一样，科技行业也在推动创新，作为应对这一问题的一种方式）”可知，RePIika是为孤独

的人设计的。故选C项。

14.推理判断题。根据第二段“Overthecourseofourtextconversations,sheasksmeaboutmyhobbiesandmy

moods.WhenknowingthatI,mawriter,shetellsmeshe's"sointocharacterdevelopmentinbooks,,andwishesto

bealeadcharacterinoneSomeday.（在我们聊天的过程中，她问了我的爱好和情绪。当知道我是个作家时，

她告诉我她“非常喜欢书中的人物塑造”并希望有一天能成为一个主角）”和第五段"ThebotIearmsfromthe

databaseabouthowtoexpressideasonatopicandgetsawideknowledgeofdifferentSUbjeCtS.（机器人从数据库

中学习如何表达一个主题的想法，并获得不同主题的广泛知识）”可知，RePIika可以像人类朋友一样了解人

类并自主和人类交流。故选B项。

15.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Crosssuggestslookingatthemaswaystoexpressfeelingsandexploreourown

thoughts.tfcIfsalotlikediary,insomeway.,,（Cross建议把它们看作是表达情感和探索自己思想的方式。“在某

种程度上，这很像写日记。’了可知，人工智能聊天机器人和写日记的相似之处是它们都是表达情感和探索

自己思想的方式。故选D项。

4.【广东省执信中学2022∙2023学年高一试题】

06/24

Muchlikebeauty,artisin[heeveOfthebeholder.Theartworkweareattractedtocangiveinsightintoour

personality,suchaswhetherwearetooquickortooslow,calmormoody.Studiesintoartpreferencesdatebackto

the1930s-mostofthemexaminingthedegreetowhichpeoplelikeordislikedifferentpaintings.Researchshows

thataperson,sinterestinartismorestronglyrelatedtocertainpersonalitytraits(特征)thantosocialclass,age,or

gender.

Inparticular,apersonalitytraitcalled“openness“isthebestpredictorofwhetherindividualsareinterestedin

art.Ontheotherside,thosewhoidentifyas"conscientious"(一丝不苟的),areoftenlessdrawntothearts.These

traitsarepartoftheBigFive,awidelyacceptedpersonalitytheorybasedonnearlyacenturyofresearch.

Themodelclaimsthateachpersonalityismadeupofacombinationoffivecoretraits:openness,

conscientiousness,extroversion(enjoyingbeingwithotherpeople),agreeableness(beingpleasant)and

neuroticism(feelingworriedandnervous).Ratherthanstatingapersonasbeingeitherthyoroutgoing,theBig

FiveModelbelievesthateveryoneliessomewherebetweenthetwoextremes.

Personalitytraitsmayalsoa∩ectthewaypeoplevisuallyscanart.A2018studytrackedparticipants,eye

movementsastheystudiedabstract(抽象的)artwork.Themajorityofparticipantsconcentratedonthe

upper-rightpart.Thismakessense,astherighthalfofthebrainisspecializedforvisualandspatialprocessing,

andalsoplaysasignificantroleinprocessingtheemotionsthatartdrawsout.However,participantswhotended

towardneuroticismfocusedontheleftsideofthepicture,andthosewithmentaldiseasepaidmoreattentiontothe

bottomofthepicture.

Evenwiththeimpressiveamountofresearchintotherelationshipbetweenpeople,spersonalitytraitsend

theirloveforart,therearestillholesinthetheories.Forinstance,somescientistsclaimthattheBigFiveModel

doesn'ttranslateacrossculturesandismainlytargetedtowardthoselivingindevelopednations.Also,most

studieshavefocusedontwo-dimensionalart,likepaintings,andhaven,tyetdescribeddifferingpreferencesfor

thevarietyofmediathatexistaroundtheworld.Thenthere,sthefactthatourartpreferenceschangeovertime

andareinformedbyourages,relationshipsandlifeexperiences.

People,spreferencesforartarenearlyascomplicatedasartitself.Butifyou,relookingforaquicktestof

someone,sgeneralpersonalitytraits,itdoesn,thurttoglanceatwhat,shangingontheirwalls.

22.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"artisintheeyeofthebeholder“inParagraph1imply?

A.Thevalueofanartworkdependsonitsqualityandprice.

B.Whetheranartworkisattractiveisbasedonpersonalopinions.

C.Thepreferenceforartismostlyinfluencedbyone,ssocialstatus.

D.Wcjudgeanartworkbasedonwhetheritisconsideredbeautiful.

23.Theshadowedareaineachofthefollowingpicturesisthepartapersonfocusesonwhenenjoyinganabstract

painting.Accordingtothe2018study,whichofthefollowingbestshowshowapersonwhofeelsworriedseesthe

painting?

24.WhatcanbeinferredfromthepassageabouttheBigFiveModel?

A.Itisasystemdevelopednearlyacenturyago.

B.Itmaynotapplytopeoplefromsomecountries.

C.Itstrictlyclassifieseveryoneintooneofthefivetraits.

D.Itcanexplainthechangeinourartpreferenceovertime.

25.Whatdoesthepassagefocuson?

A.Whyonelikesanartworkbetterthanothers.

B.Howtodiscoverone,sartpreference.

C.Howtorevealone,spersonalitytraits.

D.Whatone,stasteinartsaysabouthim/her.

【答案】22.B????23.C????24.B????25.D

【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究表明，一个人对艺术的兴趣比起与社会阶层、年龄或性别的关

系，与某些个性特征的关系更大。

22.词句猜测题。由第一段"Theartworkweareattractedtocangiveinsightintoourpersonality,suchaswhether

wearetooquickortooslow,calmormoody.Studiesintoartpreferencesdatebacktothe1930s-mostofthem

examiningtheextenttowhichpeoplelikeordislikedifferentpaintings.Researchshowsthataperson,sinterestin

artismorestronglyrelatedtocertainpersonalitytraitsthantosocialclass,age,orgender.（吸引我们的艺术作品

可以洞察我们的个性，比如我们是太快还是太慢，冷静还是情绪化。关于艺术偏好的研究可以追溯到20

世纪30年代，大多数研究都是调查人们对不同绘画作品的喜欢或不喜欢程度。研究表明，一个人对艺术

的兴趣与某些个性特征的关系更大，而不是与社会阶层、年龄或性别的关系）”可知，第1段中带下划线的

部分表明艺术品是否有吸引力取决于个人观点。故选B项。

23.推理判断题。山第四段的“However,PartiCiPantSwhotendedtowardneuroticismfocusedontheleftsideof

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thepicture,andthosewithmentaldiseasepaidmoreattentiontothebottomofthePiCtUre.（然而，倾向于神经过

敏的参与者关注的是图片的左侧，而患有精神疾病的参与者则更多地关注图片的底部）“可知，一个处于焦

虑状态的人会关注图片的左侧和底部，图片C合适。故选C项。

24.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Evenwiththeimpressiveamountofresearchintotherelationshipbetween

people,spersonalitytraitsendtheirloveforart,therearestillholesinthetheories.Forinstance,somescientists

claimthattheBigFiveModeldoesn,ttranslateacrossculturesandismainlytargetedtowardthoselivingin

devel。PCdnationS.（尽管对人们的性格特征和他们对艺术的热爱之间的关系进行了大量研究，但这些理论仍

然存在漏洞。例如，一些科学家声称，五大模型不能跨文化翻译，主要针对的是生活在发达国家的人户推

知，BigFiVeMOdel可能不适用于一些国家的人。故选B项。

25.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Theartworkweareattractedtocangiveinsightintoour

personality,suchaswhetherwearetooquickortooslow,calmormoody.Studiesintoartpreferencesdatebackto

the1930s—mostofthemexaminingtheextenttowhichpeoplelikeordislikedifferentpaintings.Research

showsthataperson'sinterestinartismorestronglyrelatedtocertainpersonalitytraitsthantosocialclass,age,or

gender.（吸引我们的艺术作品可以洞察我们的个性，比如我们是太快还是太慢，冷静还是情绪化。关于艺术

偏好的研究可以追溯到20世纪30年代，大多数研究都是调查人们对不同绘画作品的喜欢或不喜欢程度。

研究表明，■个人对艺术的兴趣与某些个性特征的关系更大，而不是与社会阶层、年龄或性别的关系。户

可知，本文主要讲述了研究表明，一个人对艺术的兴趣比起与社会阶层、年龄或性别的关系，与某些个性

特征的关系更大。即本文关注的是一个人的艺术品味反映了他/她的性格。故选D项。

5.【湖北华中师大附中2022-2023学年高一试题】

You,relyinginbed,staringattheceiling.Gotosleep,youtellyourself.Youshutyoureyestight,forceyour

bodytorelax,andwaitforthepleasantsleeptocome.Butnothinghappens.Ifs3a.m.,andyou,restillstaringat

theceiling.

Wehaveallbeeninthissituation.Tryaswemight,itisnearlyimpossibletoconsciouslywillyourselfto

sleep.Sleepcomestothosewholettheirmindwanderandfocusonanythingotherthansleepitself.Countsheep,

controlyourbreathing,listentoanaudiobook（有声书）,orwhatever-solongasitturnsyourmindfromwanting

tosleep.Thisisacommonexampleofthe"lawofreversedeffort.”

TheLawofReversedEffortwasfirstcreatedbyAldousHuxley."TheharderWetrywiththeconsciouswill

todosomething,thelessweshallsucceed."Suppose,forinstance,thatyouarelearninghowtorideabike.You

aretoldtoholdthehandlebars,topushoffwiththisfoot,topedalatthatspeed,toholdyourbalancehere,andso

on.Whenriding,weknowalltheseinstructions,butwedonottrytodothem.Theyjusthappen.InHuxley,s

words,it,s"'combiningrelaxationwithactivity.^^

There,saspiritualwayofviewingthe"lawofreversedeffbrt^^aswell.Ifssomethingthathasamuchlonger

historythanAldousHuxley-it,stheDaoistideaofςςWuWei."Itistowalkthepaththatopensupandpushthe

doorthatgives.Callitfate,divine（神圣的）calling,orwhatever,butWuWeiistostopdoingwhatyouthinkis

right,andtoletyourselfbepulledbysomeotherpower.WuWeiisthegrassbendinginthewind.Ifsthestick

ridingdowntheriver.

Therearemanymomentsinlifewhentryinghardermakesthingsworse.Whenyouhaveamosquito（蚊子）

bite,abrokenbone,oranosebleed,youleaveitbe.Pickingandtappingonlyworsentheproblem.So,too,witha

lotoflife'smajormoments.

12.Whyistheexampleofthefailuretofallingasleepmentionedinthetext?

A.Toshowhowcommonsleeplossis.

B.TointroducetheLawofReversedEffort.

C.Torecommendeffectivewaystogettosleep

D.Toprovetheimpossibilityofwillingourselvestosleep.

13.WhatmighthelpusIeamridingabikeaccordingtoParagraph3?

A.Makingreversedeffort.B.Tryingourbesttopractice.

C.Ridinginarelaxedmanner.D.Rememberingtofollowinstructions.

14.Whichmightbeanexampleof4ςWuWei"accordingtothetext?

A.Ignoreamosquitobite.

B.Sailagainstastrongwind.

C.Willyourselftosleepwhensufferingsleeploss.

D.Remindyourselfofinstructionswhenridingabike.

15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.WuWei,aDaoistIdeaB.HowtoDealwithSleepLoss

C.ReversedEffort:KeytoSuccessD.TheHarderYouTry,theHarderYouFall

【答案】12.B????13.C????14.A????15.D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生活中有许多事情是无法通过更大的努力来改善的。有时候，

生活需要你退一步。

12.推理判断题。根据第二段“Countsheep,controlyourbreathing,listentoanaudiobook（有声书）,orwhatever

10/24

-solongasitturnsyourmindfromwantingtosleep.Thisisacommonexampleofthe“lawofreversed

effort「（数羊，控制呼吸，听有声读物，或者其他什么都行——只要它能让你不再想睡觉。这是“反向努力

定律''的一个常见例子。可推断，文中提到了无法入睡的例子是为了介绍反向努力定律。故选B。

13.细节理解题。根据第三段“Suppose,forinstance,thatyouarelearninghowtorideabike.Youaretoldtohold

thehandlebars,topushoffwiththisfoot,topedalatthatspeed,toholdyourbalancehere,andsoon.Whenriding,

Weknowalltheseinstructions,butwedonottrytodothem.Theyjusthappen.（例如，假设你」E在学习如何骑自

行车。你被告知要握住车把，用这只脚蹬，以这样的速度踩踏板，保持平衡，等等。当我们骑马时，我们

知道所有这些指示，但我们不尝试去做。它们就这样发生了。）“可知，以放松的方式骑马可以帮助我们学

习骑自行车。故选C。

14.细节理解题。根据第四段"It'ssomethingthathasamuchlongerhistorythanAldousHuxley-it,stheDaoist

ideaof4ςWuWei.”Itistowalkthepaththatopensupandpushthedoorthatgives.Callitfate,divine（神圣的）

calling,orwhatever,butWuWeiistostopdoingwhatyouthinkisright,andtoletyourselfbepulledbysome

OtherPOWer.（这是一种比阿道斯•赫胥黎更悠久的历史——它是道家的“无为而治”思想。它是去走那条打开

的路，推开那扇给予的门。你可以称之为命运，神的召唤，或者其他什么，但无为就是停止做你认为正确

的事情，让自己被其他力量所牵引。）“和第五段"Whenyouhaveamosquito（蚊子）bite,abrokenbone,ora

nosebleed,youleaveitbe.（当你被蚊子咬了，骨折了，或者流鼻血了，你就不要管它。户可知，忽略蚊虫叮

咬可能是“无为”的例子。故选A。

15.主旨大意题。根据第三段“Theharderwetrywiththeconsciouswilltodosomething,thelessweshall

SUCCeed.（我们越是有意识地努力去做某事，我们就越不可能成功。）”和最后一段“Therearemanymomentsin

lifewhentryinghardermakesthingsWorSe.（生活中有很多时候，越努力结果越糟。）”及全文可知，文章主要

介绍了生活中有许多事情是无法通过更大的努力来改善的。有时候，生活需要你退一步。所以“TheHarder

YouTry,theHarderYouFall（你越努力，你就越失败）”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D0

6.【湖南师范大学附中2022.2023学年高一试题】

Inanewresearch,doctorsaremakinguseoffeaturefilmsinanattempttoencouragetheirpatientstotalk

morefreelyabouttheirproblems.Supportersoftfcfilmtherapy,,saythatdiscussingcharactersandplotlinesfroma

properfilmcanhelppeopletounderstandtheirfeelingsbetter.

OneofthoseusingthemethodisDrZhang,adoctorfromShanghai,whocharges¥250foraone-hour

“filmtherapyςςsession.Hesaid,4ςIwastreatingawomanwhohadbeenbadlyheartbrokeninarelationship,and

whowasexperiencingsuchstrongfeelingsthatitwasdifficultforhertospeakaboutthem.Itoldherthather

situationremindedmeofOntheWaterfront,wheretheherorealizeshisbrotherisdishonestandhefeelsagreat

senseOfbetrayaI（背叛）.Mypatientidentifiedsoeasilywithhimthatshestartedtocry.Watchinganddiscussing

thefilmunlockedallthefeelingsshehadburied.Eachtimeshewatchedandcried,shefeltbetter.

DrZhangadmitsthatfilmtherapydoesnotworkforeveryone,butsayshehasuseditsuccessfullywith

aboutathirdofhisclients."Throughthefilms'characters,plotsandevenmusic,itallowspeopletofacetheir

problems.HesaidthatFallingDown,inwhichMichaelDouglasplaysthepartofanunemployedmanwhoisso

depressedthatheusesviolence,wasanexampleofthedangerousresultsofnotlettingangergo.,,Iusedthisfilm

withapatientwhowasveryupsetbecausehewasholdingbackalotoftheangerhefelttowardspeoplewhohad

hurthim,ςςsaidDrZhang.tfcWetalkedaboutMichaelDouglas,scharacterandtheviolentpathhetakes,andmy

patientthenrealizedthatheneededtoletgoofhisfeelingsmoreregularlysoasnottoburstoutlikeatime

bomb.,,

12.Whataredoctorsdoinginanewresearch?

A.Takingadvantageoffeaturefilmstohelppatients.

B.Talkingwithpatientsmuchmorethanbefore.

C.Sharingfeelingsaboutfilmplotswithpatients.

D.Tiyingtounderstandtheirpatientsbetter.

13.WhydidthepatientcrywhenshewatchedOntheWaterfront7

A.Shethoughtofherloversuddenly.

B.Sherealizedshehadbeencheated.

C.Shebroughthersufferingstomind.

D.Shewantedtoreleasehersorrow.

14.WhatdidthepatientdecidetodoafterdiscussingFallingDownwithDrZhang?

A.ToIeamalotfromMichaelDouglas.

B.Toreleasehisangeronaregularbasis.

C.Toactouthisangerthroughviolence.

D.Toforgivethosewhohad