Unit3BacktothepastGrammarandusage表语从句课件高中英语牛津译林版(2020)选择性

Unit3BacktothepastGrammarandusage表语从句PredicativeClause

WhatdoyouknowaboutthegreathistorianSimaQian?Bornineither145or135BCE,duringChina’sHanDynasty,SimaQianis“thefatherofChinesehistory”.SimaQianwrote

ShiJi,

or

RecordsoftheGrandHistorian.Lead-in1(Reading)对......感兴趣周游全国获取广泛的信息接替他父亲成为太史令方便他接触......整理可用的资源

takeaninterestin...travelextensivelyacrossthecountrygetawiderangeofinformationsucceedhisfatherasGrandHistorianfacilitatehisaccessto...sortoutavailableresourcesUsefulExpressions需要艰苦的努力有效且高效地继续某事被关进监狱身体上和精神上无论顺境还是逆境requirepainstakingeffortseffectivelyandefficientlycarryonwith...beputinprisonphysicallyandmentallyingoodtimesorbadtimesUsefulExpressionsThetwopoliciesarecontradictory.Thisisawaterpump.Hisjobistohandletheproblem.Lead-in2predicativeThetwopoliciesare

contradictory.Thisisawaterpump.Hisjobis

tohandletheproblem.

表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句等来充当,它常位于系动词之后。。LinkingVerbs系动词be动词感官类变化类am,is,are,was,werelook,sound,smell,taste,feel,seem系动词有：“似乎”seem,appearWhataboutpredicativeclause?1.Thecaketastesgood.2.Hekeepsworkingouteveryday.3.Yesterdayishistory.Tomorrowisamystery.Todayisagift.That’swhyit’scalledthepresent!形容词充当表语动名词充当表语名词充当表语句子充当表语(表语从句)Thatiswhyitiscalledthepresent!

___________________________主语系动词表语从句总结：

表语从句是指__________________________,紧跟在________之后，对主语进行解释、说明，使主语的内容具体化。用_______语序。结构：_________________________________。从句在句子中充当表语系动词___主语+系动词+引导词+简单句陈述表语从句SimaQian,oneofthegreatesthistoriansinChinesehistory,wasbornineither145or135BCE.Influencedbyhisfather,whowasalsoahistorian,SimaQiantookaninterestinhistorywhenhewasachild.HelearntChineseclassicsfromgreatliterarymasters,andattheageof20,hebegantravellingextensivelyacrossthecountry.Heinterviewedthelocalpeopletogetawiderangeofinformation.Learningandtravellingwereexactlywhathelpedhiminhislatercareerasahistorian.BelowisanessayonthegreathistorianSimaQian.Findthesentenceswithpredicativeclausesandfillintheboxbelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.ExploringtherulesWecanuseanounclauseasthepredicativeofasentence.Wecanusethattointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(1)_________.Wecanusewhethertointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(2)________________.Wecanusewhat,why,when,where,etc.tointroduceapredicativeclausewhentheclauseisa(3)___________.statementyes-noquestionwh-questionWorkouttherules引导词从属连词:that,whether,asif,asthough,because…连接副词:

when,where,how,why,…+(ever)连接代词:

what,who,whom,whose,which,…+everPredicativeclauses1.Themostimportantthingisthatwefinishthefinaltask.2.Thequestionis

whetherwecanfinishitinsuchashorttime.用法归纳：a.that引导表语从句时，只起______作用，作/不作句子成分，有/没有意义。b.whether引导表语从句时，只起______作用，作/不作句子成分，通常翻译为“______”。注意，引导表语从句时通常不用if。连接√√连接√是否一、从属连词(1)从属连词:that&whether

特殊规则：特定名词+that+（should）do结构用法归纳：

表示___________________(advise,suggestion,request,proposal,idea,demand,order)等后面的表语，那么表语从句应该用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“should

+动词原形”,should可省略。建议，要求，命令1.Myadviceisthatyou(should)thinkitoverbeforeyoumakeadecision.(should)take(should)befinished(1)从属连词:

asif/asthough

“似乎、好像”1.Helooksasifhewerearichman.2.Helookedjust

asifhehadlookedtenyearsbefore.

3.Itlooksasifitmightrain.asif/asthough引导的表语从句1.如果是事实，就用陈述语气；2.如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气(从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式；从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had+过去分词；从句表示将来的可能性不大，用would/might/could+动词原形)。(1)从属连词:

because

1.Hefailedthemathexam.That‘sbecausehewastoocareless.2.Hewastoocareless.That’swhyhefailedthemathexam.

3.Thereasonwhyhefailedthemathexamisthathewastoocareless.用法归纳：This/That/Itis/wasbecause+原因…This/That/Itis/waswhy+结果…Thereasonwhy+结果...is/wasthat+原因...语法填空：1).Thereason_______wedidn'ttrusthimis______hehasoftenlied．2).Thereason__________hegaveforhisabsentis______hewasill.3).Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisis_________aboutseventy-onepercentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.4).Hefailedthemathexam.That’s__________hewastoocareless.5).Hewastoocareless.That’s______hefailedthemathexam.6).Thereason____hefailedthemathexamis_____hewastoocareless.whythatthatthatbecausebecausewhythatwhy(2)连接代词:

who,whom,whose,which,what,wh-ever1.Theproblemiswhocoulddothework.2.Thequestioniswho/whomIshouldaskforadvice.3.MytroubleiswhoseadviceIshouldfollow.4.Mytopconcerniswhichjobissuitableforme.5.Exerciseiswhatkeepsushealthy.6.Thatmountainisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.what可以表示“什么，什么样子，或所…的（人或事）”归纳：what,who,whom,whose,which等起连接作用，在从句中可充当______________________等成分。我们依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。如果句子中缺主语，指人用_______，指物用_______。如缺宾语，指人用______，指物用________。如缺定语用_________或_________。主语、表语、宾语whowhatwhomwhatwhatwhich1).Theproblemis

willwatermyplantswhenIamaway.2).Thatis

Iwanttotellyou.3).Thingsarenotalways

theyseem.4).Thismuseumisnot______itwastenyearsago.5).WhatIwanttoknowis

roadweshouldtake.whowhatwhatwhatwhich三：连接副词That’s_______Ican'tagreewithyou.b.Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas______wewerevisitingthe

WaterPark.c.Sarawascaughtinatrafficjamthismorning.Thatis_____why

shewaslateforclass.when,where,how,why等起连接作用，在从句中分别充当______,表时间、地点、方式、原因等。我们依据“缺什么补什么”原则确定正确的连词。如缺时间状语用_________；地点状语用_________。原因状语用_______；方式状语用________。wherewhy状语whenwhenwherewhyhow1).Whathewondersis

theycanfinishtheirwork.2).Thisis

ourbasicinterestlies.3).Hewasill.That's

hewassenttothehospital.4).Thatwas

Iwasfifteen.5).That’s

youarewrong.6).Theproblemis

wecansolvetheproblem.whenwherewhywhenwherehowThefactis_____weshoulddependonourselves.Thecityisnolonger______itwastenyearsago.Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwas______hescoredthewinninggoal.Thisis______myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest._______surprisedmemostwas_____hespokeSpanishsofluently.Allshe’sworriedaboutis__________heisallright.Themostimportantthingis______wecangetthroughthedifficulttimes.Shelooks_______shewereill.whenwhatwhatthatWhatthatwhetherhowasifConsolidationWhatpuzzlesLily'sfriendsis_______shealwayshassomanycrazyideas.Thequestionremains_________theywillbeabletohelpus.Itappears_____hehasatasteformusic.Itsounds______someoneisknockingatthedoor.Thatis________LuXunoncelived.Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisis_______aboutseventy-onepercentofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.whywhetherthatasifwhere

becauseApplyingtherulesB1

Completethesentenceswithproperlinkingwordstoformpredicativeclauses.1.Igotsixbooksfromthelibrary.Thequestionis________oneIshouldreadfirst!2.Thetruthis_____therearemanyreasonswhywarsbreakout.3.Wehavemadeitrulethatvisitorsmustnottouchthechinavases.Theproblemis______somevisitorsdonotpayattentiontoit.whichthatthat4.Themuseumwasclosed.Thatwas_______wecouldn’tseethehistoricaldocuments.5.Thetwohistoriansdisagreewitheachother.Thequestionis__________itispossibletoprovewhoisright.6.Besideshavingthehistoryclassesatschool,wealsovisithistoricdestinations.Thatis_______welearnaboutimportanteventsinhistory.whywhetherhowApplyingtherulesB2

BelowisanarticleabouttheShiji.Completethearticlebelowwithproperlinkingwordstoformpredicativeclauses.

Applyingtherules

Totallingover520,000Chinesecharactersandextendingoveraperiodofabout3,000years,theShiji

consistsof130chaptersinfivecategories.Whatmakesthisbookremarkableincontentis(1)_______itnotonlyincludesvividdescriptionsofhistoricalfiguressuchasemperors,ministersorotherexceptionalfigures,butalsolistsimportanteventsindifferentperiods.Anotherthingtonoteis(2)_______itcoversadvancesinastronomy,music,thecalenderandsoon.thatthat OneofthemainfeaturesoftheShijiis(3)______thebiographiesarepresented－intheformofstoriesratherthandryfacts.SimaQianwasabletouseasmallnumberofwordstodescribeahistoricaleventorfigurevividly.Someofthephrasesemployedinthisbookarestillinconstantuse. Eventoday,theeventsandfiguresintheShijiseemrealwhenyoureadaboutthem.Laterhistorianswrote23moreofficialhistoriesinasimilarformat.TogetherwiththeShiji,thesewereeditedintheQingDynasty.Thatis(4)______theseworksbecameknownastheTwenty-FourHistories.TheyareamongthemostimportantrecordsofChinesehistory.howwhyTextbookp70C.Fillintheblankswithproperlinkingwordstoformpredicativeclauses.1.Mydreamis_______Icanstudyarcha