中考英语短语搭配用法讲解

汇报人：XX2024-02-03中考英语短语搭配用法讲解目录BasicconceptsofphrasecollectionVerbandpreparation/dverbcombinationNounposition/articlecombination目录Adjectivesandproposals/advisorycombinationsAdvantageousandpositions/connectionsPhrasecollectionmemoryskillsandstrategies01BasicconceptsofphrasecollectionDefinitionPhrasepairingreferstothecombinationoftwoormorewordsthatformafixedorcommonlyusedphrase,whichhasaspecificmeaningorfunctioninasenseCharacteristicsPhrasepairingsoftenhaveafixedstructureandmeaning,andarefrequentlyusedindailycommunicationandwritingWhatisPhrasePairingPhrasesettlementscanmakesensesmorevivid,accurate,andexpressive,enhancingtheoverallqualityoflanguageexpressionEnhancingexpressionMasteringcommonphrasesettlementscanhelpimprovelanguagefluencyandmakeiteasiertoexpressideassmoothlyImprovingfluencyUnderstandingphrasesettlementscanhelpavoidcommongraphicalandusageerrors,makinglanguagemoreaccurateandprofessionalAvoidingerrorsTheroleofphrasesettlementinsentimentsNoun+Noun:Thistypeofsettlementinvestmentscombiningtwonounstoformanewphrase,suchas"schoolbag,""trafficjam,"etcVerb+Noun:Thistypeofinvestmentscombiningaverbwithanountoformaphrasalverboraverbphrase,suchas"makeadecision,""takearisk,"etcObjective+Noun:Thistypeofinvestmentscombininganobjectivewithanountoformadescriptivephrase,suchas"beautifulflowers,""happychildren,"etcPosition+Noun:Thistypeofinvestmentscombiningapositionwithanountoformapositionalphrase,whichoftenexpressestime,place,ordirection,allas"inthemorning,""atthestation,"etcCommonPhraseCollaborationTypes02Verbandpreparation/dverbcombinationCommonverb+positionsettlementslistento,lookfor,dependon,careabout,dreamof,etc.ThesecombinationshavefixedmeansandarecommonlyusedinEnglishPhrasalverbsPhrasalverbsarecombinationsofverbsandpositionsthathaveadifferentmeaningfromtheoriginalverbForexample,"lookup"meanstosearchforinformation,while"lookup"alsomeanstoseeIdiomaticexpressionsSomeverb+positioncombinationshaveidiomaticmeaningsthatarenotliteraltranslationsoftheindividualwordsForexample,"breakdown"canmeantostopworkingortohaveanemotionalbreakdownVerb+positionfixedlocationCommonverb+adverbcombinations:turnup,bringout,cutdown,putoff,etc.ThesecombinationsareoftenusedtogetherandhavespecificmeaningsSeparateandinseparableverb+adverbcombinations:Someverb+adverbcombinationscanbeseparatedbyanobject,whileotherscannotForexample,"turnthemusicup"isseparate,but"bringoutthebestinsomeone"isinseparableIdiomaticmeansofverb+adverbcombinations:Likeverb+positioncombinations,someverb+adverbcombinationsalsohaveidiomaticmeansForexample,"cutdownon"somethingmeanstoreducetheamountofit,while"putoff"canmeantodelayorpostone010203Verb+adverbfixedcombinationUsingverbphrasesinsensesVerbphrasescanbeusedasthemainverbinasenseoraspartofalargerverbphraseTheycanalsobeusedwithotherverbtensionsandformstocreatemorecomplexsensesEmphasizingtheactionwithverbphrasesVerbphrasesoftenemphasizetheactionbeingtaken,makingthepresencemoredynamicandinterestingUsingverbphrasesinwritingInwrittenEnglish,verbphrasescanaddvariationandcomplexitytosenses,makingthemmoreengagingforthereaderTheycanalsobeusedtoconvincespecificmeansandnumbersthatwouldbedifficulttoexpresswithasingleverbTheapplicationofverbphrasesinsenses03Nounposition/articlecombinationCommonfixedcombinationsTherearemanyfixednonpropositioncombinationsinEnglish,suchas"adviceon,""solutionto,""reasonfor,"etc.StudentsshouldfamiliarizethemselveswiththesecommoncombinationstounderstandandusethemcorrectlyIdiomaticexpressionsInadditiontocommonfixedcombinations,therearealsoidiomaticexpressionsthatusespecificnounpositioncombinationsForexample,"Ihaveaknackfor"means"Iamgoodat"or"Ihaveatalentfor."FixednounpositioncombinationThedefinearticle"the"isusedbeforenounsthatreferstospecificpeople,places,orthingsForexample,"thebookonthetable"referstoaspecificbookthatisonthetableTheindexarticles"a"and"an"areusedbeforenounsthatrefertonon-specificpeople,places,orthingsForexample,"Ihaveacat"meansthatthespeakerhasacat,butitdoesnotspecifywhichcatSomenounsdonotrequirearticleswhenusedincertificatecontextsForexample,nounsthatrefertoabstractconcepts,suchas"love"or"happiness,"ornounsthatareusedasobjections,suchas"IamaMorningperson"(Iamapersonwhoisactiveinthemorning)DefinearticlesIndexarticlesNoarticlesRulesforusingnounsandarticlesAssubjects:Nounwordscanactasthesubjectofasense,whichisthepersonorthingthatperformstheactiondescribedbytheverbForexample,inthepresence"Thecatisplayingwiththeball,""Thecat"isthesubjectAsobjects:NounphrasescanalsoactastheobjectofaverborpositionForexample,inthepresence"Ihavethebooktomyfriend,""myfriend"istheobjectoftheproposition"to,"and"thebook"isthedirectobjectoftheverb"have."Ascompletion:Nounphrasescanalsobeusedascompletion,whichprovidesadditionalinformationaboutthesubjectorobjectofthesentenceForexample,inthepresence"Sheisatalentedmusic,""atalentedmusic"isacompletionthatdescribesthesubject"she."Theroleofnounphrasesinsenses04Adjectivesandproposals/advisorycombinationsCommonobjectivepropositioncombinations:suchas"beinterestedin","begoodat","beangrywith",etc.ThesecombinationsarefixedandcannotbechangedatwillMeansandusage:EachcombinationhasaspecificmeansandusageForexample,"beinterestedin"means"tohaveaninterestorenthusiasmforsomething",andisusuallyfollowedbyanounorgerundDistinguishedsimilarcombinations:Therearesomesimilarcombinationsthatneedtobedistinguished,suchas"bemadeof"and"bemadefrom""Bemadeof"isusedtoindicatethatthematerialoftheobjectcanbeseenorperceived,while"bemadefrom"isusedtoindicatethatthematerialoftheobjecthasundergroundachemicalchangeandcannotbeperceivedAdaptivepositionfixedcombinationAdjective+advisorysettlementsSomeobjectionscanbefollowedbyadvisorstoformadvisory+advisorysettlements,whichcanmodifynounsorverbsForexample,"abeautifullydecoratedcake"and"shesangbeautifully"RulesformodificationWhenanadvisoryandanadvisoryareusedtogethertomodifyanounorverb,theadvisoryonlycomesaftertheadvisoryForexample,"averybeautifulflower"and"shepokeveryclearly"ExceptionstotherulesTherearesomeexceptionstotheaboverulesForexample,somefixedphrasesoridiomaticexpressionsmaynotfollowthegeneralrulesofobjective+advisorymodificationObjective+advisorymodificationrulesFunctionofobjectivephases:Objectivephasescanfunctionassubjectcompletion,objectcompletion,predictivecompletion,orattributesinsensesTheycandescribethecharacteristicsorstatesofnounsorpronounsPositionofobjectivephasesinsenses:ThepositionofobjectivephasesinsensescanvarydependingontheirfunctionandthestructureofthesensesForexample,anobjectivephraseusedasanattributivephrasecomesbeforethenounitmodifications,whileanobjectivephraseusedasapredictivecompletioncommonlycomesaftertheverb"be"orotherlinkingverbsExamplesofaggressivephrasesinsentences:Someexamplesofaggressivephrasesusedinsentencesinclude"Sheisaverytalkativemusical"(subjectcompletion),"Theconceptwasabsolutelyaggressive"(predictivecompletion),and"Isawabeautifuldecoratedcakeinthebakery"(attributive)Theuseofobjectivephrasesinsenses05Advantageousandpositions/connectionsCommoncombinationsofadvertisementsandpositionse.g.,"Carefullywithaknife","Quicklybycar"AdvancementsofMannerandPositionse.g.,"alwaysontime","usuallyatnight"Advancementsoftimeandpositionse.g.,"somewhereinthecity","everywherearoundtheworld"AdvancementsofplaceandpositionsAdverbialclaimsoftime01e.g.,"Whendidyoudrive?","AfterIfinishedmywork,Iwenthome."Adverbialclaimsofplace02e.g.,"Wheredoyoulive?","Imethimwhereweusedtomeet."Advisoryclausesofcondition03e.g.,"Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.","Lessitrains,wewillgoforawalk."AdvancementsandconnectionsguideclausesPositionSuperiorphasescanappearatthebeginning,middle,orendofasense,dependingonthecontextandemphasisFunctionAdverbialphrasesmodifyverbs,objectives,orotherverbstoprovideadditionalinformationabouttime,place,Manner,condition,orothercirculationsrelatedtothea