广东省普通高中南粤名校2023-2024学年高三下学期学科综合素养评价2月联考英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省普通高中南粤名校2023-2024学年高三下学期学科综合素养评价2月联考英语试题第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳〖答案〗。A2023IllustrationCompetitionEnterthecompetitionmostrespectedandadmiredintheindustryforcreativityinillustration,theCommunicationArtsIllustrationCompetition.Selectedbydistinguishedprofessionals,thewinningentrieswillbedistributedworldwideintheCommunicationArtsIllustrationAnnualandoncommarts.com,ensuringimportantexposureofthecreations.EachwinnerwillreceiveaprofessionalizedAwardofExcellence;madefromsolidaluminum,andanawardcertificate.CommunicationArt’sAwardofExcellenceisoneofthemostdesiredawards.Ifchosen,winningplacesyouinthehighestranksofyourprofession.WhatToEnterWithAnyillustrationfirstpublishedorproducedfromJan.2022toJan.2023isqualified.Entriesmayoriginatefromanycountry.DescriptionsinEnglisharenecessaryforthejudgestoread.EntriesCanBeSubmittedInTheFollowingFormatsDigitalImages:RGBimagesinJPGformatwithamaximumfilesizeof2MB.GIFimagesmaybelivelier,butwouldbeturneddown,andsowouldthePNGones.MotionEntries:InMOV,MP4orMPGformat,withamaximumfilesizeof500MB.IllustrationCompetitionCategories&EntryFeesCategorySingleIllustrationSeriesofIllustrationsBooks(covers,jacketsetc.)$40$80(limitof5)Motion(mediaforfilms,videos,etc.)$90$180(limitof3)StudentWork$20(Image)$45(Video)$40(Images,limitof5)$90(Video.limitof3)Formorecategories,pleasedownloadthecategoryPDF.LateFeesEntriesmustberegisterednolaterthanJan.13,2023.Entriesregisteredafterthatdatewillbechargedafeeof$10each.NoentriescanberegisteredafterJan,27,2023.1.Whatattractsyoutoenterthecompetition?A.Highrecognitionintheindustry.B.Exposuretodistinguishedworks.C.Communicationwithprofessionals.D.ApersonalizedAwardofExcellence.2.Whichofthefollowingentriesmaybeaccepted?A.AnewlyproducedvideoinMKV.B.Aseriesforjacketsof4illustrations.C.AsingleforstudentworkinChinese.D.APNGimagewithafilesizeof2MB.3.Howmuchshouldbepaidfor2videoillustrationssubmittedonJan.23,2023?A.$180. B.$190. C.$200. D.$210.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了2023年插画比赛的相关信息。〖答案〗1.A2.B3.C【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“EachwinnerwillreceiveaprofessionalizedAwardofExcellence;madefromsolidaluminum,andanawardcertificate.CommunicationArt’sAwardofExcellenceisoneofthemostdesiredawards.Ifchosen,winningplacesyouinthehighestranksofyourprofession.(每位获奖者将获得专业化的卓越奖；由实心铝制成，以及一份获奖证书。传播艺术的卓越奖是最受欢迎的奖项之一。如果被选中，获胜将使你处于职业生涯的最高级别)”可知，比赛的获奖者可以处于职业生涯的最高级别，这就意味着获得行业内的认可，这可能会吸引人们参加比赛。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据IllustrationCompetitionCategories&EntryFees表格中第一列“Books(covers,jacketsetc.)(书籍（封面、夹克等）)”以及第三列“SeriesofIllustrations(系列插图)”可知，有四幅插图的夹克系列可能被接受参赛。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据IllustrationCompetitionCategories&EntryFees表格中第二行“Motion(mediaforfilms,videos,etc.)(运动（电影、视频等媒体）)”、“$180(limitof3)(180美元（限3个）)”以及最后一段“EntriesmustberegisterednolaterthanJan.13,2023.Entriesregisteredafterthatdatewillbechargedafeeof$10each.

(参赛作品必须在2023年1月13日之前注册。在该日期后登记的参赛作品，每件收费十美元)”可知，2023年1月23日提交的两个视频插图需要支付费用180+10×2=200美元。故选C。BMilanKundera,oneofthebiggestnamesinEuropeanliteratureinrecentdecades,hasdiedinParisaged94afteralengthyillness.Bornin1929intoaCzech(捷克)family,hestudiedmusicwithhisfather,whowasapianoteacherandastudentofthecomposerJanacek,andensuredKunderareceivedmusicaltrainingatanadvancedlevel.KunderastudiedinPrague,becomingalecturerinworldliterature.HejoinedtherulingCommunistPartyandinitiallyhewasanenthusiasticmember.Buthiswritingsoongothimintopoliticaltrouble.HisfirstnovelTheJoke—ablackcomedypublishedin1967—ledtoabanonhiswritinginCzechoslovakia.In1970hewasaskedtoleavethepartyafterexpressingsupportforthePragueSpringmovement,theperiodofpoliticalmovementcrushedbythe1968Sovietattack.Kundera’spoliticalactionledtohisdismissalfromhisteachingpostandhisnovelswereremovedfrompubliclibraries,andthesaleofhisworkwasbanneduntilthefalloftheCommunistgovernmentin1989.Forashorttime,heperformedasjazztrumpeter,beforeemigratingtoFrancein1975withhiswifeVera,settlingfirstinRennesthenParis.HebecameaFrenchcitizenin1981,twoyearsafterhewasstrippedofhisCzechnationality,andeventuallywroteinFrench.Hesoonsecuredareputationasaground-breakingauthorwithTheUnbearableLightnessofBeing.Thebookwasadaptedforthescreenin1987.“Itseemstomethatallovertheworldpeoplenowadaysprefertojudgeratherthantounderstand,toanswerratherthantoask,”hesharedhisimpressionoftheadaptationwithhisfriendandwriterPhilipRothinTheNewYorkTimesafterwatchingit.“Sothatthevoiceofthenovelcanhardlybeheardoverthenoisyfoolishnessofhumancertainties.”In1985hereceivedtheJerusalemPrize—aprizegiventowriterswhoseworkshavedealtwiththemesofhumanfreedominsociety.AndwhilehewasafrequentcompetitorfortheNobelPrizeforliterature,theawardremaineddistant.4.Accordingtoparagraph2,whatcanbelearnedaboutKundera?A.HestartedthePragueSpringmovement.B.Thesaleofhisbookwasbannedin1989.C.Heexpresseddisagreementwiththerulingparty.D.HecontinuedhisstudiesinmusicwheninPrague.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stripped”inparagraph3mean?A.Robbed. B.Informed. C.Convinced. D.Accused.6.WhatdidKunderathinkoftheadaptedfilm?A.Encouraging. B.Dissatisfied. C.Impressive. D.Doubtful.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.MilanKundera’sWorks B.ABigNameinLiteratureC.TheJerusalemPrizeWinner D.MilanKunderaDiesAged94【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了著名文学家米兰·昆德拉的生平事迹。〖答案〗4.C5.A6.B7.D【4题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“In1970hewasaskedtoleavethepartyafterexpressingsupportforthePragueSpringmovement,theperiodofpoliticalmovementcrushedbythe1968Sovietattack.Kundera’spoliticalactionledtohisdismissalfromhisteachingpostandhisnovelswereremovedfrompubliclibraries,andthesaleofhisworkwasbanneduntilthefalloftheCommunistgovernmentin1989.(1970年，在表达了对布拉格之春运动的支持后，他被要求退党，这一时期的政治运动被1968年苏联的袭击所镇压。昆德拉的政治行动导致他被免职，他的小说也被从公共图书馆撤下，他的作品也被禁止出售，直到1989年政府垮台。)”可知，他表达了对布拉格之春运动的支持，被要求退党，被免职，作品被禁止出售直到执政党垮台，由此可推知，他当时的表达违背了执政党以致受到制裁。故选C项。【5题详析】词义猜测题。根据第二段首句内容“Bornin1929intoaCzechfamily,hestudiedmusicwithhisfather(1929年，他出生于一个捷克家庭，跟随父亲学习音乐)”以及“Buthiswritingsoongothimintopoliticaltrouble.(但他的写作很快就给他带来了政治麻烦。)”可知，他之前的国籍应是捷克，但是后来出现了政治方面的麻烦。而划线词的前文“Forashorttimeheperformedasjazztrumpeter,beforeemigratingtoFrancein1975withhiswifeVera,settlingfirstinRennesthenParis.HebecameaFrenchcitizenin1981…(他曾短暂担任爵士小号手，1975年与妻子维拉移民法国，先是在雷恩定居，然后在巴黎定居。1981年，他成为法国公民)”提及他和妻子移民法国，后来入了法国国籍，因此可推知，他之前的捷克国籍应是由于政治方面的问题被剥夺了。那么，划线单词“stripped”应是“剥夺，撤销”含义，与选项A“Robbed(剥夺)”一致。故选A项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“‘Itseemstomethatallovertheworldpeoplenowadaysprefertojudgeratherthantounderstand,toanswerratherthantoask,’hesharedhisimpressionoftheadaptationwithhisfriendandwriterPhilipRothinTheNewYorkTimesafterwatchingit.‘Sothatthevoiceofthenovelcanhardlybeheardoverthenoisyfoolishnessofhumancertainties.’(“在我看来，如今世界各地的人们更喜欢判断而不是理解，更喜欢回答而不是提问，”他在观看后与朋友兼作家菲利普·罗斯在《纽约时报》上分享了他对改编的印象。“因此，在人类确定性的喧闹愚蠢中，几乎听不到小说的声音。”)”可知，在昆德拉看来，现在全世界的人们喜欢评判和回答，而不是喜欢理解和提问，小说的声音被人类嘈杂而愚蠢的声音淹没，无法真正展现出来，由此可推知，他认为改编的电影过于浅显，无法体现小说的内涵，他对于改编是不满意的。故选B项。【7题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，第一段内容“MilanKundera,oneofthebiggestnamesinEuropeanliteratureinrecentdecades,hasdiedinParisaged94afteralengthyillness.(米兰·昆德拉是近几十年来欧洲文学界最著名的人物之一，在长期患病后于巴黎去世，享年94岁。)”点明了文章的主旨内容，即，文章主要通过一则昆德拉去世的消息引出讲述了昆德拉的生平，因此，选项D“MilanKunderaDiesAged94(米兰·昆德拉逝世，享年94岁)”可作文章标题。故选D项。CTwoandahalfmillenniaago,Socratescomplainedthatwritingwouldharmstudents.Socratesdidnothavepeer-reviewedsciencetomakehiscaseabouttheusefulnessoflearningconceptsbyheart.Todayadifferentdebateisragingaboutthedangersofanothertechnology-computersandthetypingpeopledoonthem.Asprimary-schoolpupilsandPhDhopefulsreturnforanewschoolyear,manywilldosowithagreater-than-everrelianceoncomputerstotakenotesandwritepapers.Someparentsofyoungerstudentsaredismayedthattheirchildrenarenotjustencouragedbutrequiredtotakelaptopstoclass.Alineofresearchshowsthebenefitsofan“innovation”aheadofcomputers:handwriting.Studieshavefoundthatwritingonpapercanimproveeverythingfromrecallingarandomseriesofwordstoimpartingabetterconceptualgraspofcomplicatedideas.Handwriting—whichtakeslongerfornearlyalluniversity-levelstudents—forcesnote-takerstosynthesizeideasintotheirownwords.Thisaidsconceptualunderstandingatthemomentofwriting.Butthosetakingnotesbyhandalsoperformbetterontestswhenstudentsarelaterabletostudyfromtheirnotes.Theeffectevenpersistedwhenthestudentswhotypedwereexplicitlyinstructedtorephrasethematerialintheirownwords.Theinstructionwas“completelyineffective”atreducingverbatim(逐字逐句地)note-taking,theresearchersnote:theydidnotunderstandthematerialsomuchasparrotit.Manystudieshaveconfirmedhandwriting’sbenefits,andpolicymakershavetakennote.However,severalschoolsystemsinAmericahavegonesofarastobanmostlaptops.Thisistooextreme.Somestudentshavedisabilitiesthatmakehandwritingespeciallyhard.Nearlyallwilleventuallyneedtypingskills.Andtypingcanimprovethequalityofwriting:beingabletogetideasdownquickly,beforetheyareforgotten,canobviouslybebeneficial.VirginiaBerninger,professorofpsychologyattheUniversityofWashington,isalongtimeadvocateofhandwriting.Butsheisnotapurist.Sincestudentsspendmoretimeondevicesastheyage,shearguesforoccasional“tuningup”ofhandwritinginlaterschoolyears.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dismayed”inparagraph2mean?A.Inspired. B.Disappointed. C.Amazed. D.Confused.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Studentstakingnotesbyhandunderstandthematerialbetter.B.Studentsstudyingfromtheirnotesperformbetterontestslater.C.StudentswhotakenotesintheirownwordspreferhandwritingD.Studentswhotypedcanimitatethematerialinaneffectiveway.10.WhichofthefollowingdoesVirginiaBerningeragreewith?A.Studentsshouldspendmoretimeondevices.B.Studentsshouldtakenotesbyhandatschool.C.Learningtypingskillsatschoolisunnecessary.D.Seniorstudentscantakenotesindifferentways.11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Handwritingismorebeneficialthantyping.B.Schoolsshouldputemphasisonhandwriting.C.Theimportanceofhandwritingisbetterunderstood.D.Handwritingandtypingareequallyimportantatschool.【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论述了手写的重要性被逐渐理解。〖答案〗8.B9.A10.D11.C【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词句前文“Asprimary-schoolpupilsandPhDhopefulsreturnforanewschoolyear,manywilldosowithagreater-than-everrelianceoncomputerstotakenotesandwritepapers.(随着小学生和博士生重返学校并开始新的学年，许多人将比以往任何时候都更加依赖计算机来做笔记和写论文。)”和后文“Alineofresearchshowsthebenefitsofan‘innovation’aheadofcomputers:handwriting.(一系列研究显示了一项出现于计算机之前的‘创新’的好处：手写。)”可知，研究表明手写更有好处，然而很多学生更加依赖电脑来记笔记和写论文，这令人失望，从而推知划线词句“Someparentsofyoungerstudentsaredismayedthattheirchildrenarenotjustencouragedbutrequiredtotakelaptopstoclass.(让一些低年级学生的家长感到dismayed是，他们的孩子不仅被鼓励，而且被要求携带笔记本电脑上课。)”其中划线部分意思是“失望的”。故选B项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Handwriting—whichtakeslongerfornearlyalluniversity-levelstudents—forcesnote-takerstosynthesizeideasintotheirownwords.Thisaidsconceptualunderstandingatthemomentofwriting.(手写--对于几乎所有大学水平的学生来说都更耗时--迫使记笔记的人将想法归纳成自己的语言。这有助于在写字时加强对概念的理解。)”可知，从本段可以推断出，手写笔记的学生能更好地理解材料。故选A项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“VirginiaBerninger,professorofpsychologyattheUniversityofWashington,isalongtimeadvocateofhandwriting.Butsheisnotapurist.Sincestudentsspendmoretimeondevicesastheyage,shearguesforoccasional‘tuningup’ofhandwritinginlaterschoolyears.(华盛顿大学心理学教授VirginiaBerninger长期以来一直倡导手写。但她并不是一个纯粹主义者。由于随着年龄增长，学生们会花更多的时间使用电子设备，因此她主张在之后的学年里时不时地对手写进行‘校准’。)”可知，VirginiaBerninger会同意，高年级学生可以用不同的方式记笔记。故选D项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第五段“Manystudieshaveconfirmedhandwriting’sbenefits,andpolicymakershavetakennote.(许多研究证实了手写的好处，政策制定者也注意到了这一点。)”可知，本文主要论述了手写的重要性逐渐得到了更好的理解。故选C项。DArmyantsmakeahabitofkillingorganisms,oftenmuchlargerthanthemselves,breakingthemintopiecesanddraggingthembacktotheirbases.Theydon’teateverything.Wastefullwithdiscardedbitsofpreyisafeatureofarmyantbases.Butlittleisknownaboutwhichanimalsmakeuseofarmyantleavings.AsrecountedinapaperinEcology&.Evolution,ChristophvonBeerenattheTechnicalUniversityofDarmstadtandDanielKronauerattheRockefellerUniversityinNewYork,wenttotherainforestsofCostaRicatofindout.Theyfoundanentireecosystemthrivingamongtheleftovers.Monitoringtinyinsectsinarainforestistricky.ButtheresearchershopedmodernDNAanalysistechniquesmightmakethejobmanageable.Workingwithateamofcolleagues,theyfollowedanttrailsbacktotheirbases,finding34sitesintotal.Theresearchersusedahandheldvacuumcleanertosuckupallthebugsatwasteandbroughtthesamplesbacktoafieldlaboratory.Tokeepthetaskmanageable,theteamconfinedthemselvestoexaminingonlythebeetlestheyhadcollected.TheyidentifiedthebeetlestheycouldandranDNAanalysesonthosetheycouldnot.Intotal,theycollected8,364adultbeetles,511beetlelarvaeand24beetleeggs.Thosewerespreadacross91species,severalofwhichwereentirelynewtoscience.Asidefromthatbeingfarmorethananyonehadexpected,thepresenceofthelarvaeandeggsindicatesthattheleftoversarenotsomuchconvenientrestaurantsasfull-onhomes,wherethebeetlesliveouttheirentirelives.Preciselyhowthesespeciesmanagetoavoidbeingeatenthemselvesbytheirarmy-anthostsremainstobedetermined.Dr.vonBeerenspeculatesthatahygieneinstinctthatkeepstheantsfromeatingmaterialthathasbeentakentotheirwasteispartiallyresponsible.Andmanyspeciesofbeetlesareabletoproducecompoundsthatsmelldisgustingtoants.Thechancesarehighthatamongtheseinsectsaresomepredatorstoo,seekingtofeedonunsuspectingscavengers(食腐动物)inturn.12.Whatdoarmyantsdowithorganisms?A.Theyconsumesomeoforganisms.B.Theydragorganismstowastepiles.C.Theykillorganismsandeatthemall.D.Theybreakorganismsintodiscardedbits.13.Howdidtheresearchersmakethejobmanageable?A.Byexaminingthebeetlestheyhadsuckedup.B.Byclassifyingtheinsectsintodifferentvarieties.C.ByusingDNAanalysistechniquesonallbeetles.D.ByrunningDNAanalysesontheunknowninsects.14.Whatdidtheresearchersfindafteranalysis?A.Theleftoversarelikerestaurantstothebeetles.B.Theleftoversarejustlikehomestothebeetles.C.Thearmyantskillsomeofthelarvaeandeggs.D.Thelarvaeandeggsareeatenbythearmyants.15.Whatcouldbethetitleofthepassage?A.IntheLeavingstheInsectsAretheKingB.OneInsect’sLeavingsIsAnother’sMealC.WhereThere’reLeavings,There’reInsectsD.WhentheAntsAway,theInsectsWillPlay【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科学家研究哪种昆虫以行军蚁的残余食物为食并得到新的发现。〖答案〗12.A13.A14.B15.B【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Armyantsmakeahabitofkillingorganisms,oftenmuchlargerthanthemselves,breakingthemintopiecesanddraggingthembacktotheirbases.Theydon’teateverything.Wastefullwithdiscardedbitsofpreyisafeatureofarmyantbases.(行军蚁有一种习惯，它们会杀死比自己大得多的生物，把它们撕成碎片，然后拖回自己的基地。它们不是吃掉一切。堆满被丢弃的猎物碎片的垃圾是行军蚁基地的一个特点。)”可知，行军蚁吃掉猎物中的一部分。故选A项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Tokeepthetaskmanageable,theteamconfinedthemselvestoexaminingonlythebeetlestheyhadcollected.(为了使任务易于管理，研究小组只检查了他们收集到的甲虫。)”可知，研究人员是通过检查他们收集的甲虫使这项工作易于管理的。故选A项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Asidefromthatbeingfarmorethananyonehadexpected,thepresenceofthelarvaeandeggsindicatesthattheleftoversarenotsomuchconvenientrestaurantsasfull-onhomes,wherethebeetlesliveouttheirentirelives.(除了这远远超出任何人的预期之外，幼虫和卵的存在表明，这些残余食物与其说是方便的餐馆，不如说是完整的家，甲虫在那里度过了一生。)”可知，研究人员在分析后发现残余食物就像甲虫的家。故选B项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“Butlittleisknownaboutwhichanimalsmakeuseofarmyantleavings.(但人们对哪些动物会利用行军蚁的剩余物知之甚少。)”和第二段中“Theyfoundanentireecosystemthrivingamongtheleftovers.(他们在残余食物中发现了一个完整的生态系统。)”可知，本文讲述了科学家研究哪种昆虫以行军蚁的残余食物为食并得到新的发现。B“一种昆虫的残余食物是另一种昆虫的食物”符合主题，故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyoufinditdifficulttofeelcontentinyourowncompany?Doyoufeelpressuretobeconstantlyconnectedtoothers,resultinginoverwhelminganxietywhenyou’realone?Iftheanswerisyes,thenyou’llbepleasedtolearnthattherearetipstohelpyouenjoysolitudewithoutfeelinglonely.FindcompanionshipinyourpassionWhetheryourpassionisart,writing,orknitting,beingaloneisagreatopportunitytogetconnectedtoit.Investingmindful,qualitytimeintodoingsomethingyouloveisbeneficialtoyourmentalhealth.____16____.DesignaplanYoumayfindyourselfjustgoingthroughthemotionsinlife.Whilestructureisagoodthing,itcanalsopreventusfrommovingforward.Whenyou’realone,sitdownwithapenandpaperanddesignaplan.____17____.Itcouldbeassimpleasaimingtosavemoney,orlookingfornewhobbiesandclassestoattend.Beingmindfulaboutthedirectionofyourlifeallowsyoutofeelincontrol.____18____Oneofthebiggestconsequencesoffindingyourselfaloneisthatyoumayautomaticallybelieveyou’rebored.____19____.Climbthatmountainyoualwayswantedtoclimborliftthoseweightsyoualwayswantedtolift.Dosomethingthatyouseeasachallengeandthenfocusyourmentalenergyonachievingthegoalofcompletingit.PracticeMeditationPleaseunderstandthatlonelinessisafeeling,oneyoucantakecontrolof.Ifyou’reasocialpersonmostofthetime,whenyou’realoneyourbrainmaybeguiltyofconvincingyouthere’ssomethingwrong.____20____.Breathe...Takingtimetofocusonyourbreathandmeditatehasproventobeagreatwaytoreducethosefeelingsofhopelessnessandworry.A.ChallengeyourselfB.DoyourfavoritesportsC.ThisisfarfromthecaseD.Itdoesn’tneedtobealife-changingplanE.Thenyou’remorelikelytosucceedincareerF.Therefore,youbecomeworriedanddesiretobearoundsomeoneG.Itkeepsyoufocused,thusreducinganxietyandhelpingtokeepyouhappy【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章给独处的人提供了一些建议，可以帮助享受独处而不感到孤独。〖答案〗16.G17.D18.A19.C20.F【16题详析】上文“Investingmindful,qualitytimeintodoingsomethingyouloveisbeneficialtoyourmentalhealth.(用心投入高质量的时间去做你喜欢的事情对你的心理健康有益。)”说明用心去做喜欢的事情有益身心，选项G“它能让你集中注意力，从而减少焦虑，帮助你保持快乐”承接上文，具体说明做喜欢的事情对身心的好处。故选G项。【17题详析】上文“Whenyou’realone,sitdownwithapenandpaperanddesignaplan.(当你独自一人的时候，坐下来，拿起笔和纸，设计一个计划。)”建议设计一个计划；选项D“它不需要是一个改变人生的计划”承接上文，解释这个计划不必多么宏伟。选项中plan和前文词汇重叠，语义相关，故选D项。【18题详析】设空处为小标题；下文（段末）“Dosomethingthatyouseeasachallengeandthenfocusyourmentalenergyonachievingthegoalofcompletingit.(做一些你认为是挑战的事情，然后集中精力去完成它。)”说明本段主题是建议做一些挑战的事情，选项A“挑战自己”概括本段，符合主题。故选A项。【19题详析】上文“Oneofthebiggestconsequencesoffindingyourselfaloneisthatyoumayautomaticallybelieveyou’rebored.(发现自己独处的最大后果之一是，你可能会自动认为自己很无聊。)”说明自己独处可能感到无聊，选项C“事实远非如此”否定上文，引出下文“Climbthatmountainyoualwayswantedtoclimborliftthoseweightsyoualwayswantedtolift.(爬上你一直想爬的山，或者举起你一直想举起的重物。)”说明，独处并不会无聊，建议用挑战战胜孤独，选项中This代指上文中you’rebored。故选C项。【20题详析】上文“Ifyou’reasocialpersonmostofthetime,whenyou’realoneyourbrainmaybeguiltyofconvincingyouthere’ssomethingwrong.(如果你大部分时间都是一个社交型的人，当你独处的时候，你的大脑可能会内疚地让你相信有什么不对劲。)”说明一个社交型的人独处时，心里不舒服，选项F“因此，你会变得担忧，渴望有人在你身边。”和上文存在因果关系，说明独处时，会变得忧心忡忡，引出下文“Breathe...Takingtimetofocusonyourbreathandmeditatehasproventobeagreatwaytoreducethosefeelingsofhopelessnessandworry.(呼吸……花时间专注于你的呼吸和冥想已经被证明是减少绝望和担忧情绪的好方法。)”，介绍解决担忧情绪的好办法。故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasthirty-fourthefirsttimeIsawtherealSanta.Hedroveabig,charcoal-colored____21____,withoutwhitebeard,andhewasoutandaboutintheAugustheatinGeorgia.Hewasn’twhatI____22____atall.MyhusbandhadlosthisjobearlyinJuly,andwe____23____expenseseverywherewecould.He’dbeen____24____often,buttheprocesswasextremelyslow.Therewereunexpected____25____alongtheway,andhewasfeelingdefeated.Oneafternoon,wewerefeelingparticularly____26____,sowedecidedtotreatourselvestoamealfromChick-Fil-A.Whenwegottothewindowtopay,theemployeesaidourmealhadbeen____27____bythecaraheadofus.It’salwaysalovely____28____,butwestillattemptedtokeepthepay-it-forwardtypeof____29____goingbyofferingtopayforthecarbehindus.“No,thatmanjustpaidforthem,too.Hepaidforeveryoneinline.”Theemployeesaid.Shethenpointedatthetruckthatwas_____30_____pullingawaytoexittheparkinglot.Ilookedtowardthetruck,seeingthemangivinga_____31_____wavewithabiggrin,anditinstantly_____32_____meoftheillustrationwhereSantawavedgoodbyeandsaid,“MerryChristmastoall,andtoallagoodnight!”I’msurethatman—“Santa”inmymind—hadno_____33_____howmuchweneededthatlittlereminderthatwe’dbealright.Ibettherewere_____34_____storiesbehindusinline—maybenotlosingajob,butperhapsothersufferings.Butfromthenon,we’vegoneontodorandomactsof_____35_____forothers,rememberingtheeffectthisfreemealhadonus.21.A.sleigh B.car C.truck D.carriage22.A.needed B.expected C.wondered D.respected23.A.cut B.paid C.covered D.raised24.A.searching B.studying C.interviewing D.waiting25.A.findings B.responses C.requirements D.disappointments26.A.low B.high C.mad D.bored27.A.takencareof B.mixedup C.doneawaywith D.broughtaway28.A.service B.meal C.skill D.gesture29.A.secret B.chain C.activity D.routine30.A.quickly B.hardly C.slowly D.casually31.A.grateful B.cheerful C.thoughtful D.sorrowful32.A.warned B.informed C.reminded D.convinced33.A.plan B.idea C.request D.prediction34.A.similar B.typical C.personal D.special35.A.wisdom B.honesty C.toughness D.kindness【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的丈夫失业后，家庭财政陷入危机。一次偶然外出就餐中，作者一家接受到一位陌生卡车司机的善意，从而感受到温暖，重新振奋起来。〖答案〗21.C22.B23.A24.C25.D26.A27.A28.D29.D30.C31.B32.C33.B34.A35.D【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他驾着一辆炭灰色的大卡车，没有白胡子，八月的炎热天气里，他在乔治亚洲四处游荡。A.sleigh雪橇；B.car汽车；C.truck卡车；D.carriage。根据第10小题“Shethenpointedatthetruck”可知，这位好心的“圣诞老人”开着一辆卡车，当时正准备离开停车场，故选C项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和我想象中的完全不一样。A.needed需要；B.expected期待；C.wondered好奇；D.respected尊重。根据上文“withoutwhitebeard,andhewasoutandaboutintheAugustheatinGeorgia”可知，一般圣诞老人都有大胡子，冬天才会出现，但是这位圣诞老人完全相反，这不是作者期待看到的那个样子，故选B项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的丈夫在七月初失业了，我们尽可能地削减开支。A.cut切掉；B.paid支付；C.covered覆盖；D.raised募集。根据上文“Myhusbandhadlosthisjob”可知，作者的丈夫失业了，所以家庭开支需要削减，cuttheexpenses便是“削减开支”的意思，故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他经常参加面试，但面试过程极其缓慢。A.searching搜索；B.studying研究；C.interviewing面试；D.waiting等待。根据上文“Myhusbandhadlosthisjob”可知，作者的丈夫失业了，那为了生计他必须要继续找工作，找工作就需要面试，故选C项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一路上不断有意想不到的失望，他有挫败感。A.findings发现；B.responses回应；C.requirements要求；D.disappointments失望。根据下文“andhewasfeelingdefeated”可知，作者的丈夫感觉到了挫败感，肯定是因为面试结果让他失望了，故选D项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，我们都觉得情绪特别低落，于是决定去福来鸡店吃顿饭犒劳自己。A.low低落的；B.high高昂的；C.mad疯狂的；D.bored无聊的。根据下文“sowedecidedtotreatourselvestoamealfromChick-fil-A”可知，作者一家想出去吃顿好吃的换换心情，说明他们因为失业导致心情很低落，故选A项。【27题详析】考查动词词组辨析。句意：当我们到窗口付账时，员工说我们的饭菜已经被我们前面的车付过账了。A.takencareof解决掉；B.mixedup混合；C.doneawaywith扔掉；D.broughtaway带走。根据下文“thatmanjustpaidforthem”可知，卡车司机把所有人的账单都支付了，包括作者一家人的。所以这里需要选择一个类似于“买单”的短语，takecareof本意是“解决”，解决掉账单也就是支付了账单的意思，故选A项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这总是一个可爱的姿态，但我们仍然试图通过为我们后面的车付钱来保持这种付钱给别人的惯例。A.service服务；B.meal饭；C.skill技能；D.gesture姿势。根据上文“ourmealhadbeentakencareof”可知，有人替我们付钱了，这是对方在向我们示好，是一种有好的姿态，故选D项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这总是一个可爱的姿态，但我们仍然试图通过为我们后面的车付钱来保持这种付钱给别人的惯例。A.secret秘密；B.chain链条；C.activity活动；D.routine惯例。根据上文“keepthepay-it-forwardtype”可知，作者想保持他们家的传统惯例，就是吃饭前先付钱，这也是每个人应该做的，这属于是他们的惯例，故选D项。【30题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后她指着那辆慢慢驶出停车场的卡车。A.quickly快速地；B.hardly几乎不；C.slowly慢慢地；D.casually随意地。根据下文“pullingawaytoexittheparkinglot”可知，此时卡车司机正在离开停车场，根据常识，这里应该是慢慢地离开，太快了会发生事故，故选C项。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我朝卡车看去，看到那个人咧嘴笑着，快乐地挥着手，这立刻让我想起了那幅画，圣诞老人挥手告别，说：“祝大家圣诞快乐，晚安！”A.grateful感激的；B.cheerful开心的；C.thoughtful若有所思的；D.sorrowful悲伤的。根据下文“withabiggrin”可知，他一边咧嘴笑着，那他同时挥手的时候肯定也是开心的，故选B项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我朝卡车看去，看到那个人咧嘴笑着，快乐地挥着手，这立刻让我想起了那幅画，圣诞老人挥手告别，说：“祝大家圣诞快乐，晚安！”A.warned警告；B.informed通知；C.reminded提醒；D.convinced说服。根据下文“oftheillustrationwhereSantawavedgoodbye”可知，作者看到这一幕立刻想到了一个场景，圣诞老人送完礼物后向人们挥手告别，此时此景让作者想到了这个温馨的画面，remind符合题意，故选C项。【33题详析】查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信那个人——我心目中的“圣诞老人”——不知道我们是多么需要那个小小的提醒，提醒我们一切都好。A.plan计划；B.idea主意；C.request要求；D.prediction预测。根据下文“howmuchweneededthatlittlereminder”可知，这位卡车司机是一个陌生人，他并不知道发生在我们身上的故事，他也不知道这个友好的提醒对我们是多么重要，这些他不会知道，havenoidea便是“不知道”的意思，符合题意，故选B项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我打赌我们背后的队伍里也有类似的故事。A.similar相似的；B.typical典型的；C.personal个人的；D.special特别的。根据下文“maybenotlosingajob,butperhapsothersufferings”可知，身后排队的人们或许也有人失业，有人遭受其它困难，但是这些悲惨的故事都是相似的，故选A项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但从那时起，我们继续为他人做一些随机的善举，记住这顿免费的午餐对我们的影响。A.wisdom智慧；B.honesty诚实；C.toughness坚韧；D.kindness友好。根据下文“rememberingtheeffectthisfreemealhadonus”可知，作者一家记住了卡车司机给他们带来的影响，让他们感受到了来自陌生人的友好，他们也会将这种善行传递下去，为别人做好事，送温暖，故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，“Aletterfromfamilyisworthtenthousandinsilver.”ThislinefromancientpoetDuFu(712-770)reflectsthedeep____36____(emotion)thattheChinesepeoplehavefortheirfamilyandhomeland.Morethanacenturyago,____37____electronicformsofcommunicationwerenotavailable,overseasChinesehadtofindwaystosendmessagesbackhome.Qiaopi,____38____uniqueformofmailcomprisingaletterandaremittance(汇款),emergedandservedasabondbetweenChineseemigrantsandtheirfamiliesbackhome.____39____thedifficultiestheyencountered,thesepeople,whoworkeda