课标版高考英语二轮复习-突破提升练(八)

课标版高考二轮复习课标版高考二轮复习突破提升练(八)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018吉林省吉林市第三次调研,C)InEnglishtheskyisblue,andthegrassisgreen.ButinVietnamesethereisjustonecolorcategoryforbothskyandgrass:xanh.Fordecadescognitive(认知)scientistshavepointedtosuchexamplesasevidencethatlanguagelargelydetermineshowweseecolors.Butnewresearchwithfour-tosix-month-oldbabiesindicatesthatlongbeforewelearnlanguage,weseeuptofivebasiccategoriesofcolors—afindingthatsuggestsastrongerbiologicalelementtoperceive(感知)colorthanpreviouslythought.Thestudy,publishedrecentlyintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,testedthecolor-discriminationabilitiesofmorethan170Britishbabies.ResearchersattheUniversityofSussexinEnglandmeasuredhowlongbabiesspentstaringatcolorswatches,asystemknownaslookingtime.Firstbabieswereshowedoneswatchrepeatedlyuntiltheirlookingtimedecreased—asigntheyhadgrownboredwithit.Thentheresearchersshowedthemadifferentsampleandnotedtheirreaction.Longerlookingtimeswereexplainedtomeanthebabiesconsideredthesecondsampletobeanewcolor.Theirincreasingresponsesshowedthattheydistinguishedamongfivecolors:red,green,blue,purpleandyellow.“Thefindingsuggestsyoucomebynaturetomakecolordistinctions,butgivenyourcultureandlanguage,certaindistinctionsmayormaynotbeused.”explainstheleadauthorAliceSkelton,adoctoralstudentatSussex.“Thestudysystematicallyexploredbabies’colorperception,showinghowweperceivecolorsbeforewehavethewordstodescribethem,”saysAngelaM.Brown,anexperimentalpsychologistattheOhioStateUniversity’sCollegeofOptometry,whowasnotinvolvedwiththenewresearch.Theresultsaddanewchallengetothelongnature-versus-nurture(先天与后天)debateandtheso-calledSapirWhorfhypothesis(假设)—theideathatthewayweseetheworldisshapedbylanguage.Infuturework,Skeltonandhercolleaguesareinterestedintestingbabiesfromothercultures.“Thewaylanguageandcultureinteractisareallyinterestingquestion,”shesays.“Wedon’tyetknowtheexactsystems,butwedoknowhowwestartoff.”

1.What’sthefindingofthenewresearch?A.Itclarifieswhatmakesbabiesperceivecolors.B.Itproveshuman’scolorrecognitionisinborn.C.Itfindshowmanycolorsbabiescanperceive.D.Itshowsthecolorcultureisshapedbylanguage.2.Accordingtothenewresearch,wecanlearnthat.

A.swatchesaffectbabiesinmemoryandattentionB.longerlookingtimesarebasedonthepsychologyC.researchersdeterminebabies’colorperceptionD.babiescantellthedifferencesofsomecolors3.InParagraph5,theword“interact”probablymeans.

A.experience B.introduceC.influence D.imagine4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.RainbowintheBaby’sWorldB.AJourneytotheWorldofColorsC.ANewChallenge:LanguageVSCultureD.DifferentBabies,DifferentColorPerceptionⅡ.七选五(2018广东广州二模)Marywentthroughapersonalexperience40yearsagothatchangedherlifepathandestablishedherconnectionwithChineseherbalmedicines.Stillchildlessafter13yearsofmarriage,Marylongedtobecomeamother.Foryearsshetravelledfromcountrytocountryandvisitedtopexpertsinthefield,butwithoutsuccess.1However,herChineseherbalistgrandmothergaveherhopethroughherbaltreatment.

Afterthreeandahalfyearsshebecamepregnant.2Theexpectantmother’sdelightwassharedbytherestofherfamily,too.Thiswasthepointwhenshemadeuphermindtocarryonhergrandmother’sworkanddevoteherlifetoherbalmedicineresearch,developmentandpromotion.Tothisend,sheinvestedinalargeherbalgardeninthesuburbsofJakarta,wheremorethan30,000plantsaregrown.3

Throughtheapplicationofgreateffortandresourcesovermany,manyyears,Mary’scareerhasdevelopedvigorously,ashashergarden.4Whenshewasaskedwhetheritwasworthwhiletohavedevotedsomuchofherlifetothisresearch,shefirmlyresponded,“WhatIhavedoneistofulfillapromiseIoncemade.Moreimportantly,IwanttobringChineseherbalmedicinestoallthoseinneed.5”

A.Morethan7,000ofthesecanbeusedasmedicines.B.Themomentthenewswasconfirmed,sheburstintotearsofhappiness.C.Ibelievetheycanhelprelievepainandenablethesicktoregaintheirhopeoflife.D.MarydecidedtomakegreatcontributionstothedevelopmentofChinesemedicine.E.Theheartbreakanddisappointmentwassogreatthatshecameclosetogivingup.F.I’msohappythatthelocalpeopleliketouseChinesemedicinefortreatment.G.Althoughsheisnow80yearsold,sheisstillcommittedtothestudyofChineseherbalmedicines.1.2.3.4.5.

Ⅲ.完形填空(2018东北三省三校一模)IthappenedtoSusanBlackinacoldwinter.Everythingseemedina1thosedays.Bothherparentssufferingfromdepression,sendingfora2becameacommonpractice.Asawomaninher40s,itwasa3jobtobeateacherof30first-graders,whowerealways4,andshe’dtriedallsortsofmethods,but5togetthemquietinclass...

Misfortuneswere6oneafteranother.Afteralongandtiringdayatwork,Susandraggedherselfalong,7towardstheparkinglot.Shecametothecar,onlytofindshehadlockedherkeysandcellphoneinside.8kickingthetyreofthecar,shesensedtears9hercheeks.

“What’swrong?”avoicewasheard.Susanlookedup,andsawayoungmanwitha10athisside.Susanstoppedweepingandexplainedhersituation,addingthat11shecalledherhusband,hewouldn’tbringherthesparecarkey,sincehewasworkingatthe12endofthetownanditwasstillnottimeto13theday’swork.“Callyour14andtellhimI’mcomingtogetthekey,”theyoungmanhandedSusanhisphone.“Butthat’sninemiles’roundtrip...”saidSusan.“There’snotimefor15.I’llbebackassoonaspossible.”

Twohourslater,themotorbikeriderreturnedwithabigsmileand16face,keyinhand.Susan17somemoney,butherefused.“Let’sjustsayIneededthe18.”Withthosewords,likea19inthemovies,herodeoffintothesunset.

ForSusan,the“cowboy”notonlypickedthekey,but20herday,orrather,warmedthelongandcoldwinterdays.

1.A.battle B.row C.mess D.hurry2.A.worker B.psychologist C.policeman D.lawyer3.A.tough B.rare C.boring D.rewarding4.A.kind B.quick C.happy D.noisy5.A.atheart B.invain C.onpurpose D.withease6.A.comingtrue B.pilingupC.goingwell D.runningout7.A.looking B.marching C.yelling D.heading8.A.Mildly B.Randomly C.Suddenly D.Wildly9.A.streamingdown B.flowingpastC.showingup D.castingaway10.A.bicycle B.car C.motorbike D.taxi11.A.evenif B.unless C.justas D.whenever12.A.wide B.deep C.far D.long13.A.end B.forget C.giveup D.putoff14.A.friend B.family C.daughter D.husband15.A.waiting B.hesitation C.traveling D.delivery16.A.charming B.sweating C.worrying D.encouraging17.A.received B.shared C.offered D.loaded18.A.exercise B.help C.reward D.lesson19.A.youngman B.strangerC.motorrider D.cowboy20.A.kept B.burnt C.fixed D.builtⅣ.语法填空(2018广东佛山高三教学质检二)RedisaparticularlypopularcolorinChina.Apairofredshoes—1theyareforsports,dancesorjustfashion—isamust-haveforeveryChinesewoman’sshoecollection.FormostChinesebrides,redshoesshouldalsobeworn2theirbigday.

Aswomen’sfeet3(connect)withfemaleattraction,redshoesoftenemphasizethisaspect4conveyaspecialbeauty.InsomeclassicChinesenovels,thereare5(describe)ofcharmingwomeninredsilkshoes.

Ifyouwearadarkdressincold6(season),apairofredshoescanraiseyourensemble(整套服装)toa7(high)level.Theycanalsogowithdifferentlevelsofredcolor,8(give)theweareralivelyandjoyfullook.

9(sure)redwillalwaysbeabelovedcolorfordesigners,andredshoeshavealsobecomeachoiceformanysupermodels.Ifyouarealsoafanofthis10(energy)color,considerwearingapairofredshoesforeveryChineseLunarNewYear!

1.2.3.4.5.

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Ⅴ.书面表达(2018黑龙江高三仿真模拟七)随着手机和电脑的普及,年轻人给家人和朋友写信的机会越来越少。最近,某英语学习网站邀请网友针对这个现象展开讨论。你打算参与讨论,请根据下面的提示,写一篇发言稿。1.现代通信工具的弊端;2.写信的好处;3.发出几点倡议。注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案全解全析Ⅰ.阅读理解[语篇解读]一项研究表明,孩子在学习语言之前就具备了认知颜色的能力,这种能力是天生就有的。未来研究人员还将检测不同文化下的婴儿对颜色的认知能力。1.B细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Butnewresearchwithfour-tosix-month-oldbabiesindicatesthatlongbeforewelearnlanguage,weseeuptofivebasiccategoriesofcolors...可知,研究发现婴儿在学习语言前就能够识别五种基本颜色,这种感知能力是生来就有的,故B项正确。2.D推理判断题。根据第二段的试验可发现,婴儿每看到一种新颜色,就会做出不同的反应,看的时间会有所不同,最后一句Theirincreasingresponsesshowedthattheydistinguishedamongfivecolors:red,green,blue,purpleandyellow.为试验得出的结论,婴儿可以识别五种颜色,故D项正确。3.C词义猜测题。上文提到了语言对颜色感知能力的影响,本段提到未来还要用来自不同文化的婴儿进行检测,由此可知此处意为“语言和文化交织到一起对颜色识别能力的影响”,故C项正确。4.A主旨大意题。通读全文可概括得知,文章主要介绍了最新研究发现婴儿天生具备颜色感知能力,A项意为“婴儿世界的彩虹”,形象地表达了文章主题。Ⅱ.七选五[语篇解读]本文为记叙文。40年前,已经结婚13年的玛丽一直没有孩子,她去许多国家拜访名医,然而均无结果。但她的中医奶奶让她用中草药治疗,这使她如愿以偿。从此,玛丽就和中草药结下了不解之缘。1.E细节句。根据下句(然而,她奶奶,一位老中医,用中药治疗给了她希望。)可知本句应为玛丽在治疗前的痛苦经历,故答案为E项(她如此伤心、失望以至于她几乎要放弃了)。2.B细节句。上句意为:3年半后她怀孕了。下句意为:其他家庭成员也分享了这位孕妇的喜悦。B项中的thenews指上句中的“shebecamepregnant”;“burstintotearsofhappiness”与下句中的“Theexpectantmother’sdelight”相对应,故答案为B项(那个消息被确定的那一刻,她突然流下了幸福的泪水)。3.A细节句。上句意为:为此,她在雅加达郊区投资建了一个大的草药园,那里种植了3万多棵植物。A项中的these与上句中的morethan30,000plants相对应,故答案为A项(这些植物中,有七千多棵植物可以用作药物)。4.G过渡句。上句意为:通过许多年努力和资源的投入,玛丽的事业和她的园子一样都得到了蓬勃发展。下句意为:当被问及将自己如此多的生命都投入到这项研究是否值得时,她坚定地回答:“……”。下句中的“tohavedevotedsomuchofherlifetothisresearch”与G项中的“isstillcommittedtothestudyofChineseherbalmedicines”相对应,故答案为G项(虽然现在已经八十岁的高龄,但她仍然致力于中草药的研究)。5.C细节句。上句意为:更重要的是:我想将中草药带给所有有需要的人。C项中的they指代上句中的“Chineseherbalmedicines”,故答案为C项(我相信它们有助于缓解痛苦,使病人重拾生活的希望)。Ⅲ.完形填空[语篇解读]这个冬天,苏珊的麻烦事一件接着一件:父母患有抑郁症,自己工作吃力,车钥匙被锁在车里。但是一位陌生人却主动帮她去丈夫那里取钥匙,这让她倍感温暖。1.C下文提到了苏珊的麻烦事,所以inamess“一团糟”符合语境。2.B父母均患有抑郁症,所以要经常请心理学家来,故B项正确。3.A下文提到,30名一年级的孩子非常吵闹,尝试了各种方法都无法让他们安静下来,所以教师的工作对于40多岁的苏珊来说很艰难(tough)。rare稀有的,罕见的;boring乏味的,无聊的;rewarding有益的;有报酬的。4.D由“togetthemquietinclass”可知这些一年级的孩子们很吵闹。5.B根据but可推断出她尝试了各种方法让他们安静下来,但是无济于事。invain徒劳;白费力气。6.B根据文章内容可知,苏珊不幸的事情一件接着一件,短语pileup(积聚)符合语境。cometrue实现;gowell进展顺利;runout耗尽;用完。7.D苏珊在工作了一天后,拖着疲倦的身体前往停车场。headtowards前往。8.D结合文章内容可知,苏珊已经遇到了很多不顺心的事情,现在车钥匙和手机又被锁在了车里,所以此处指她疯狂地踢着汽车轮胎。9.A由tears和cheeks可知A项正确,此处指流下了泪水。streamdown沿着……流下。10.C根据下文的themotorbikerider可知这个年轻人骑着摩托车。11.A根据语境可知此处引导让步状语从句,意为“即使她给丈夫打电话,他也不会给她带来备用汽车钥匙”。12.C根据下文的“Butthat’sninemiles’roundtrip...”,可知她丈夫工作的地方很远,故far正确。13.A根据语境可知,丈夫工作的地方遥远,而且现在还不是下班或者工作完成的时间,所以不会来给她送钥匙,故end(结束)正确。14.D根据文章中的husband可知答案。15.B根据苏珊说的话,可知她对年轻人骑摩托车去取钥匙的事情有所犹豫,因为路途遥远,所以年轻人告诉她不要犹豫了,故hesitation正确。16.B因为路途遥远,所以年轻人骑摩托车取钥匙回来会汗流满面,故B项正确。17.C由“butherefused”可得知苏珊给年轻人钱,但是他拒绝了。receive收到;share分享;offer给予;提供;load装载。18.A年轻人骑车走了很远的路取钥匙,并且拒绝报酬,由此推断年轻人说自己需要这种“锻炼(exercise)”。help帮助;reward报酬;lesson教训;课。19.D由最后一段的“cowboy”可知苏珊认为这个年轻人像电影中的牛仔一样。20.C年轻人的善举温暖了漫长而寒冷的冬天,事实上也调整了苏珊不顺心的一天。fix修理;整理。Ⅳ.语法填空[语篇解读]红色在中国是一种特别流行的颜色。本文介绍了中国女性穿红鞋的传统。1.whether考查连词。句意:一双红色的鞋,无论是用于体育、舞蹈还是时尚,都是每位中国女性鞋子收藏的必需品。此处是whether...or...,无论……还是……,引导让步状语从句。2.on考查介词。句意:对于大多数中国新娘来说,红鞋也应该在她们的重大日子里穿。特指某一天使用介词on。3.areconnected考查动词的时态和语态。句意:由于女性的脚与女性的吸引力有关,红鞋经常突出这一方面并传达出一种特殊的美。connect与feet构成被动关系;根据下文redshoesoftenemphasizethisas