2023年高考第二模拟考试英语卷(含听力)

英语（全国甲卷B卷）-学易金卷：2023年高考第二模拟考试

卷

解析版

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最

佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关

小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Howdidthemangettowork?

A.Bycar.B.Bybus.C.Onfoot.

【答案】C

【原文】M:Ihadatoughmorning.MybikegotaflattirewhenIwashalfway

here,soIrantherestoftheway.Myphonebatterydied.Ididn,tbringmybus

cardandIhadnocash.

W:Iammorethanhappytodriveyouhomeafterworkifyouwouldlike.

2.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutswimmingnow?

A.Relaxed.B.Frightened.C.Tired.

【答案】B

【原文1W:Wouldyouliketogoswimming?

M:Iwillpass.IusedtoloveswimmingwhenIwasakid.IfeltVeryrelaxedin

thewater.ButIalmosthadanaccidentwhenIwas10,soIavoidedswimming

eversince.

3.WhatwillKendothisFriday?

A.Playbasketball.B.Visitthemuseum.C.Visithisgrandpa.

【答案】B

【原文】W:HeyKen!CanIjoinyouforbasketballthisFriday?

M:Thatwouldbesofun,Eve.Unfortunatelymyparentspromisedtotakemy

littlebrothertothemuseumthisFriday,buttheyhavetovisitgrandpabecausehe

issick.SoIvolunteeredtotakehiminstead.

4.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?

A.Hewroteawonderfulessay.

B.Heborrowedbooksfromthenewlibrary.

C.Hemadecommentsonthewoman,spaper.

【答案】A

［原文］W:Goodjob,James!YouscoredanAonyourlastessay.Imadeseveral

comments.Doyoualreadyhaveatopicforyournextessay?

M:MaybesomethingaboutChinesemedicine,butIcouldn,tfindmanybookson

thetopic.

W:DidyoucheckBuildingC?IthasanewlibrarywithlotsofbooksonChinese

medicine.

5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Keepingfit.B.Developingahobby.C.Applyingfor

membership.

【答案】A

［原文］M:Haveyoudecidedtorenewyourgymmembershiptostayhealthy?

W:Γmnotsurereally.Idon,tknowifit,sdoingmeanygood.

M:Whydon,tyoutryswimming?You,reagoodswimmer.

W:IcoulddoIsuppose.Itmightbemorefiιnthanthegym.

二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）

听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、

C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,

你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的

作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.Whatdoesthemanmainlyusehisphonefor?

A.Entertainment.B.Communication.C.Information.

7.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithabouthisphone?

A.Thesystem.B.Thecamera.C.Thesize.

【答案】6.B7.C

【原文】W:Isthatanewphone,John?It,sverysmart.

M:Yes,itis.Γmstillgettingusedtousingit.Ihaven,thadthisbrandofphone

before.

W:Oh,you,llsoongetthehangofit.Hasitgotalltheappsyouneed?

M:Yes,Ithinkso.Idon,tusethatmanyapps,really.Imainlyjustchattomy

fi∙iends.

Andit,sgotagoodcamera.Thephotosarelovelyandclear.Ijustwishithada

largerscreen.

听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

8.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthelastdoctor?

A.Hewascaring.

B・Hewastooyoung.

C.Hedidn,tlistentohispatients.

9.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?

A.Makeacallearly.

B.Chooseanotherdoctor.

C.Cancelhisappointment.

【答案】8.C9.A

（原文】M:Γvegottomakeanappointmentwiththatnewdoctortomorrow.

Haveyouseenhimyet?

W:Yes,Iwenttotheclinicacoupleofweeksago.DoctorCollins.He,salot

youngerthanthelastdoctor,andVerycaring.

M:Good.Iwashopinghe,dbebetterthanthelastdoctorwehad.

W:Iknow.Thatoneneverseemedtolistentowhatyouweresaying,didhe?You

shouldphoneearlyforyourappointmentthough.Thenewoneistheonlydoctor

thereatthemoment,sohe,llgetbookedupveι*yquickly.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Atalibrary.B.Atabookstore.C.Atagrocerystore.

11.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?

A.Orderanitem.

B-Borrowsomemoney.

C・Changehershippingaddress.

12∙Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

A.Buyanothergift.

B∙Tryanotherplace.

C.Leaveapartialpayment.

【答案】10.B11.A12.C

［原文］W:I,mlookingforthethirdvolumeoftheDetectiveSteveSmartseries.

Doyouhaveithere?

M:Ah,thetitleofthatoneisTheMysteryoftheGoldenIdol.I,mafraidthey,re

soldoutrightnow.

W:CanIplaceanordertohaveacopyshippedhere?Γdliketogiveittomy

husbandforhisbirthday.

M:Sure,youcanleavehalfthebookpricenowandpaythebalancewhenyou

pickupthebook.Itwillarriveinaboutaweek.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?

A.Toaskforinformation.

B.Toconductaninterview.

C.Tomakeanappointment.

14.Whatpositionisavailablenow?

A.Cooks.B.Managers.C.Waiters.

15.Howlongaretheworkinghours?

A.Fourhours.B.Sevenhours.C.Eighthours.

16.Whatdoesthejoboffer?

A.Afreemeal.

B.$5anhour.

C.Atwo-daybreakperweek.

【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.A

【原文】W:Hello,WestBayHotel.CanIhelpyou?

M:Oh,goodmorning.I,mringingaboutyouradvertisementintheEvening

Gazette.

W:Isthattheonefortemporarystaff?

M:That,sright.

W:Yes.I,mafraidourmanagerwho,sdealingwiththatisn,tintoday,butIcan

giveyouthemaindetailsifyoulike.

M:Yesplease.Couldyoutellmewhatkindofstaffyouarelookingfor?

W:We,relookingforwaitersatthemoment.Therewasonepostforacook,but

that,salreadybeentaken.

M:Ohright.Erm,whatarethehoursofwork?

W:Therearetwodifferentshifts一there,sadayshiftfrom7a.m.to2p.m.anda

lateshiftfi`om4p.m.till11p.m.

M:Okay.Whatabouttimeoff?

W:Yougetonedayoffeveryweek.

M:Doyouknowwhattheratesofpayare?

W:Yes,I,vegotthemhere.Youget£5.50anhour,andthatincludesabreak.

M:DoIhavetogohometoeator...

W:Youdon,thaveto.Youcangetamealinthehotelifyouwantto,andthere,s

nochargeforit.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whatmadethepoolclosed30yearsago?

A.Itsbudget.B.Itsdesign.C.Itssafety.

18.WhatissaidabouttheBrackensidePool?

A.Itisdesignedbyanewarchitect.

B.Itisacombinationofoldandnew.

C.Thelocalpressisconfidentaboutit.

19.Whatcanthewinnerofthecompetitiondecide?

A.Whichsculpturewillbeused.

B.Whowilldeclarethepoolopen.

C.Whatkindoffoodwillbeprovided.

20.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?

A.Toexplainsomerules.

B.Toattractvisitorstothepool.

C.Toannouncetheopeningceremony.

【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.B

【原文】

W:Goodmorning.I,mVerypleasedtohavethisopportunitytosayalittle

aboutanexcitingnewdevelopmentinthecity:theBrackensideOpen-Air

SwimmingPool.Asmanyoftheoldermembersoftheaudiencewillremember,

thereusedtobeawonderfulopen-airpoolontheseafront30yearsagobutithad

toclosewhenitwasjudgedtobeunsafe.Forthedesignofthisnewheatedpool,

wewereVeryhappytosecurethetalentsofinternationallyfamousarchitectEllen

Wendon,whohasmanagedtocombineacharming1930sdesign,whichfitsinso

wellwithmanyoftheotherbuildingsinthearea,withup-to-the-minutefeatures

suchasarecyclingsystem.

Now,therehasbeenquiteabitofdiscussioninthelocalpressaboutwhether

therewouldbeenoughroomforthenumberofvisitorswe,rehopingtoattract.

We,reonscheduleforaJune15thopeningdateandwellwithinbudget.Wehope

thatasmanypeopleaspossiblewillbethereonJune15th.Wehaveengaged

award-winningactressCoralWhitetodeclarethepoolopenandthere,llbedrinks

andsnacksavailableatthepoolside.There,llalsobeacompetitionforthepublic

todecideonthesculptureweplantohaveattheentrance:youwilldecidewhich

famoushistoricalfigurefromthecityweshouldhave.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

WhileyoumaybeamasterofbuyingSecretSantagiftsorwhiteelephant

gifts,shoppingforacollegestudentcanbequitetricky.Whetheryou,reshopping

forasoon-to-begraduateoracollegefreshman,ourguidehasyoucoveredonthe

bestgiftsforcollegestudents.

Forthegoalsetter:Ban.do12-monthPlanner

Giftsforcollegestudentsthathelpthemachievetheiracademictargetsare

alwaysagoodidea.This12-monthplannerincludesyear,monthandweekviews

tokeepclassesandextracurricularsorganized;whilethehandwritingonthecover

（endlesspossibilities）providespositiveinspiration.There,salsofunartwork,a

coloringpageandstickerstocustomize（定制）theirplanner.

Forthetechlover:Apple10.2-inchiPad

Ifyourcollegestudentisgluedtotheirlaptop,theadditionofaniPadwillbe

awelcomeone.Ithastenhoursofbatterylife,twocamerasandawide10.2-inch

displaythat,sperfectfornotetaking,moviewatchingandsnappingphotos.This

usefultechgiftalsopairswithasetofAirPodsoranApplePenciltohelp

maximizeitsusage.

Forphotographbeginners:FujifiImInstaxMiniLinkSmartphone

Printer

Gotateenwho,salwaystakingphotoswiththeiriPhoneorcamera?Fujifilm

InstaxSmartphonePrinterswilldefinitelydelighteveryone.It,soneofthe

greatestgiftsforphotographersbecauseitallowsthemtoeasilyprinttheir

favoriteshotswithjusttheclickofabutton.

Forthecoffeelover:EmberTemperature-ControlledCoffeeCup

FutureprogrammerscankeeptheirJoewarmwiththisapp-controlledsmart

cup.Coffeestayshotforupto1.5hours,oralldaywhenpairedwiththeincluded

chargingCoaSter（杯垫）.Youcanevenselecttheexacttemperatureyouprefer.It,s

athoughtfulandusefulgiftforcoffeelovers.

Stophuntingforthebestproductsanddeals—getourlatestinformationon

secretsalesanddiscounts,giftideasforeveryoneandcant-missproducts.

21.WhoisthemostlikelyintendedreceiverofaBan.do12-monthPlanner?

A.Asoon-to-begraduatewithagiftforart.

B.Acollegefreshmangoodathandwriting.

C.Ajuniorcollegestudentwhoenjoysplanning.

D.Aseniorcollegestudentwithregularextracurriculars.

22.HowwillanApple10.2-inchiPadfunctionbest?

A.Whenconnectedtoalaptop.

B.Whenchargedfortenhours.

C∙WhenpairedwithAppleproducts.

D.Whenequippedwitha10.2-inchdisplay.

23.Whatdothelasttwogiftshaveincommon?

A.Theycanbechargedbycellphones.

B.Theycanbecontrolledbycellphones.

C.Theymeetindividualsdifferentrequirements.

D.TheyaredesignedforstudentswithIT-smartbrains.

【答案】21.C22.C23.B

【导语】本文是一篇应用文，是一份购物指南，该购物指南介绍了最适合大

学生的礼物。

21.细节理解题。根据Forthegoalsetter:Ban.do12-monthPlanner部分中

“Giftsforcollegestudentsthathelpthemachievetheiracademictargetsare

alwaysagoodidea.（送给大学生能帮助他们完成学业目标的礼物总是一个好

主意。）“以及"here'salsofiιnartwork,acoloringpageandstickerstocustomize

theirplanner.（还有有趣的艺术品，着色页和贴纸，可以定制他们的计戈上）”

可知，Ban.do12-monthPlanner适合于喜欢做计划的大学生。故选C。

22.细节理解题。根据Forthetechlover:Apple10.2-inchiPad部分中“This

usefιιltechgiftalsopairswithasetofAirPodsoranApplePenciltohelp

maximizeitsUSage.（这款实用的科技礼物还可以搭配一套AirPods耳机或苹果

铅笔，以最大限度地利用它。）“可知，当搭配苹果产品时，英寸的苹果iPad

功能最好。故选C。

23.细节理解题。根据FOrPhotograPhbeginners:FujifilmInstaxMiniLink

SmartphonePrinter部分中“FujifllmInstaxSmartphonePrinterswilldefinitely

delighteveryone.（富士Instax智能手机打印机肯定会让每个人都高兴。）”以及

Forthecoffeelover:EmberTemperature-ControlledCoffeeCup部分中“Future

programmerscankeeptheirJoewarmwiththisapp-controlledsmartcup.（未来

的程序员可以用这个应用程序控制的智能杯子来保暖。广可知，最后的这两

个礼物都是可以通过手机来进行操作的。故选B。

B

IhavelivedinruralAmericafornineyears,firstinMichigan,whereIgotmy

PhD;thenincentralIllinoisandnowinIndiana,whereIamaprofessor.Ina

placewheremostpeoplehavelivedthewholeoftheirlives,Ifeellikeastranger.

TherearefewthingsIenjoymorethancomplainingaboutmygeographic

isolation.I,mavegetarian,sothere,snowheretogoforanicedinnerthatisn,t50

milesaway.I,mblack,sothere,snowheretogetmyhairdonethatdoesn,t

involveanother50-miledrive.Andtheclosestmajorairportistwohoursaway.

Irecitethesegripestomyfriends.Weallhavegrandideasaboutwhatlife

wouldbelikeifonlywedidthat,orlivedthere.Andthere,sthis;Ireallydon,t

intendtochangemostofthethingsIcomplainabout.GripingisSedUCtiVeon

thosedayswhenhappinessrequirestoomuchenergy.Butitalsomakesmelose

sightofthefactthatIwasbomandgrewupinNebraskaandhavelivedmostof

mylifeinoneoftheplainsstates.WhenIgotothecoasts,Iamstruckbyhow

unappealingbig-citylivingcanbe.

WhileImaynotlovewhereIlive,thereareplentyofpeoplewhoareproud

tocallthisplacehome.Atapartywithcolleagues,Iwasgoingonabout

everythingIcouldn,tstandinourtownwhenInoticedthattheyweresilentand

shiftinguncomfortably.Thatmomentforcedachangeinme.Complainingmay

offerreliefζbutsodoesacceptance.Thereisnoperfectlife.Byfocusingongripes,

Iriskmissingoutonpreciousmomentsofappreciation.WhenIgethome,Istand

onmybalcony,lookintothenightskyandseethestars.IknowthatIhave

absolutelynothingtocomplainabout.

24.Whatcausestheauthor,sloneliness?

A.Dietaryhabits.B.Racialprqudice.

C.Educationaldifferences.D.Identityconfusion.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“seductive“meaninparagraph3?

A.Attractive.B.Temporaiy.C.Violent.D.Flexible.

26.Howmighttheauthorfeelabouthimselfwhentheatmospherechangedata

party?

A.Humbled.B.Angry.C.Touched.D.Calm.

27.Whatdoestheauthorrealizeintheend?

A.Everydayisbeautiful.

B-WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.

C.Humanmustvaluelivesthemselves.

D.Don,tbepennywiseandpoundfoolish.

【答案】24.D25.A26.D27.D

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文中主要讲述了作者来到陌生的地方工作，遇到

了各种不适应，开始抱怨，结果最终认识到没有完美的人生。专注于抱怨，

自己可能会错过感激的珍贵时刻。

24.细节理解题。根据第一段“IhavelivedinruralAmericafornineyears,firstin

Michigan,whereIgotmyPhD;thenincentralIllinoisandnowinIndiana,where

Iamaprofessor.Inaplacewheremostpeoplehavelivedthewholeoftheirlives,

Ifeellikeastranger.TherearefewthingsIenjoymorethancomplainingabout

mygeographicisolation.I,mavegetarian,sothere,snowheretogoforanice

dinnerthatisn,t50milesaway.Γmblack,sothere,snowheretogetmyhairdone

thatdoesn,tinvolveanother50-miledrive.（我在美国农村生活了9年，先是在

密歇根州，我在那里拿到了博士学位；然后在伊利诺伊州中部，现在在印第

安纳州，我是那里的教授。在一个大多数人一生都在生活的地方，我觉得自

己像个陌生人。没有什么比抱怨地理上的孤立更让我享受的了。我是个素食

主义者，所以不到50英里的地方就找不到好吃的了。我是黑人，所以要做

头发就得再开50英里的车厂可知，作者在美国的几个地方生活过，且是黑人。

由此可知，身份混乱导致了作者的孤独。故选D。

25.词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“onthosedayswhenhappinessrequirestoo

muchenergy”可知，在那些快乐需要太多精力的日子里，抱怨是有吸引力的，

因为不需要太多精力。故画线词意思是“有吸引力的工故选A。

26.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Atapartywithcolleagues,Iwasgoingon

abouteverythingIcouldn,tstandinourtownwhenInoticedthattheyweresilent

andshiftinguncomfortably.Thatmomentforcedachangeinme.Complaining

mayofferrelief,butsodoesacceptance.Thereisnoperfectlife.Byfocusingon

gripes,Iriskmissingoutonpreciousmomentsofappreciation.WhenIgethome,

Istandonmybalcony,lookintothenightskyandseethestars.IknowthatIhave

absolutelynothingtocomplainabout.（在一次与同事的聚会上,我正滔滔不绝地

谈论着镇上所有我无法忍受的事情，这时我注意到他们都沉默不语，不安地

移动着身子。那一刻迫使我改变了。抱怨可能会让你放松，但接受也一样。

没有完美的人生。专注于抱怨，我可能会错过感激的珍贵时刻。当我回到家,

我站在阳台上，仰望夜空，看星星。我知道我完全没有什么可抱怨的）”可知，

当聚会的气氛发生变化时，作者冷静了，开始思考自己的行为会带来的不良

后果。故选D。

27.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Complainingmayofferrelief,butsodoes

acceptance.Thereisnoperfectlife.Byfocusingongripes,Iriskmissingouton

preciousmomentsofappreciation.WhenIgethome,Istandonmybalcony,look

intothenightskyandseethestars.IknowthatIhaveabsolutelynothingto

COmPlainaboUt.（抱怨可能会让你放松，但接受也一样。没有完美的人生。专

注于抱怨，我可能会错过感激的珍贵时刻。当我回到家，我站在阳台上，仰

望夜空，看星星。我知道我完全没有什么可抱怨的）“推知，作者最后意识到

不要因小失大。故选D。

C

Asmalldevicenobiggerthanatoasterhasgeneratedoxygenonthesurface

ofMars,bringingthechancesofsurvivingontheredplanetastepcloser.

TheMarsOxygenIn-SituResourceUtilizationExperiment,betterknownas

Moxie,hasbeengeneratingoxygenfromtheatmosphereonMars,aspartof

NASA,sPerseverancerover（漫游者）mission.

Moxieproducedbreathableoxygeninsevenhour-longtestsconductedin

variousweatherandatmosphereconditionssincelanding.Duringeachtest,the

deviceproducedsixgramsofoxygen,aboutthesameasasmalltreeandenough

tosustainanastronautfor15minutes.Ifsalsofoundthateveninextreme

temperaturesandafteraMartianduststorm,Moxiecontinuedtoproduce

high-purityoxygen.

“Thisisthefirstdemonstrationofactuallyusingresourcesonthesurfaceof

anotherplanetandtransformingthemchemicallyintosomethingthatwouldbe

usefulforahumanmission,,,saidJeffHoffinan,aretiredastronautandprofessor

atMIT.

NASAandtheMITteamareplanningtobuildabiggerversionofMoxie,as

theyhopeadvancedmodelswillproduceenoughoxygentosupportacrewed

missiontoMars.44WehavetobringalotofstufffromEarthtosupportahuman

mission,butoxygenisabigproblem.Ifyoucanmakeitthere,goforitand

you,rewayaheadofthegame,“Hoffinansaid.

Thedeviceusespumpsthatabsorbincarbondioxidewhichisheatedto

800℃andprocessedtoseparatethecarbonandoxygen.CarbonmonoXide（一氧

化碳）isemittedaswastewhilethepureoxygenisleftbehind.

ExpandingthedevicetosupportahumanmissiontoMarspresents

challenges.Itisneededtoruncontinuouslyfor400days,aleapfromthe

one-hourtestsanditsinnertemperatureshouldbecontrolledstably.Moxiehas

provedtoenduretheextremeconditionsonMars,however,andtheteamplansto

assessthemachine,slimitsinthecomingmonthswhenatmosphereisthickand

carbondioxidelevelsarehigh.Theysaytheyjustwanttoseteverythingashigh

astheydareandmakeasmuchoxygenastheycan.

28.WhatcanwelearnaboutMoxie?

A.Itworkswellinaseriesoftests.

B.Itaimstopurifybreathableoxygen.

C.Itisstoppedbyextremeconditions.

D.Itproducesoxygenenoughforateam.

29.ByquotingHoffinan,swordsinParagraph5,theauthorintendsto.

A.presentaplantofurtherexploreMars

B∙demonstrateNasa,sambitiontowinthegame

C.showtheplentifulandusefulresourcesonMars

D.highlightthesignificanceofmakingoxygenonMars

30.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheteamaccordingtothelast

paragraph?

A.Cautiousandambitious.B.Confidentandintelligent.

C.Practicalandindependent.D.Courageousandimaginative.

31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ANasaMarsroverlandedsuccessfully.

B.ChallengesforahumanmissiontoMars.

C.HumansurviveswithoxygenmadeonMars.

D.AlittleoxygenonMars,agreatleapforward.

【答案】28.A29.D30.A31.D

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了是这个MoXie设备，它能让人

类在登录火星后产生大量的氧气，这使人类在火星上生存的机会更近了•

步。

28.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Moxieproducedbreathableoxygeninseven

hour-longtestsconductedinvariousweatherandatmosphereconditionssince

landing.Duringeachtest,thedeviceproducedsixgramsofoxygen,aboutthe

sameasasmalltreeandenoughtosustainanastronautfor15minutes.(Moxie在

着陆后在各种天气和大气条件下进行了7个小时的测试，产生了可呼吸的氧

气。在每次测试中，该设备产生了6克氧气，大约相当于一棵小树，足以维

持一名宇航员15分钟的生命。）”可知，MOXie在各项实验中起着良好的作用。

故选A0

29.推理判断题。根据第五段中“WehavetobringalotofstufffromEarthto

supportahumanmission,butoxygenisabigProbIem.（我们必须从地球上带很

多东西来支持人类的任务，但氧气是个大问题。）”以及“Ifyoucanmakeit

there,goforitandyou,rewayaheadofthegame.（如果你能做至IJ,那就努力去

做，你已经走在了探索的前面。）“可知，本段主要强调的是在火星上氧气的

重要性，即本段强调通过建造更大的MoXie在火星上制造更多的氧气故本段

强调了在火星上制造氧气的重要性。故选D。

30.推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Itisneededtoruncontinuouslyfor400days,

aleapfromtheone-hourtestsanditsinnertemperatureshouldbecontrolled

Stably.（它需要连续运行400天，远远超过1小时的测试，其内部温度需要稳

定控制。）“可知，研究团队需要花费大量时间进行测试，保证内部温度稳定，

体现出研究团队的严谨性，同时根据本段中“Moxiehasprovedtoendurethe

extremeconditionsonMars,however,andtheteamplanstoassessthemachine,s

limitsinthecomingmonthswhenatmosphereisthickandcarbondioxidelevels

arehigh.（Moxie已经被证明能忍受火星上的极端条件，研究小组计划在未来

几个月评估机器的极限，那时大气很厚，二氧化碳含量很高。）”可知，Moxie

已经被证明能忍受火星上的极端条件但是研究小组继续坚持突破极限，这是

有抱负的体现。故选A。

31.主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Moxieproducedbreathableoxygeninseven

hour-longtestsconductedinvariousweatherandatmosphereconditionssince

landing.（Moxie在着陆后在各种天气和大气条件下进行了7个小时的测试，

产生了可呼吸的氧气。）”以及第一段中“Asmalldevicenobiggerthanatoaster

hasgeneratedoxygenonthesurfaceofMars,bringingthechancesofsurviving

ontheredplanetastepcloser.（一个比烤面包机大不了多少的小装置在火星表

面产生了氧气，这使在这颗红色星球上生存的机会更近了一步。）”可知，本

文主要介绍了是这个MOXie设备,它能让人类在登录火星后产生大量的氧气，

这使人类在火星上生存的机会更近了一步。D选项“AlittleoxygenonMars,a

greatleapforward4火星上有一点氧气，这是一个巨大的飞跃。）“可以概括全

文。故选D。

D

Thefour-dayworkweek,smomenthasarrived.Withanewproposalof

IegiSlation（立法）inAmericatoreducethestandardworkweekfrom40to32hours,

awarenessofashorterworkweek-andenthusiasmforit-isgaining.Andsois

thedoubtaroundit.

InitialdoubtisreasonablesinceAmericanworkculturehasbeenfoundedon

constantworkingandexpectationsforoverachievement.However,iftherewere

everatimefortransformingthinking,thisisit.Thechallengesoverthepastyears

havestrengthenedourmusclesofadaptation.Andthenewpracticeofworking

fromhomeprovedthatwecanadjustquicklytochangingconditions.

Four-dayworkweekPilotS（试点）areemergingacrosstheglobe,withsome

companiesnowdecidingtoadoptthepolicypermanently.MicrosoftJapanand

Kickstarterrepresentjustthegrowingnumberoforganizationsexploringthe

four-dayworkweek.

Supporterscitemanybenefits,includingimprovedphysicalandmentalhealth,

increasedgenderequityandpositiveenvironmentalimpacts.Itiseasytoimagine

whatwemightdowithanadditionalday-off-spendtimewithfamilyandfriends,

pursueahobby,sleep.Pilotfindingsshowincreasedproductivityaswell.Manyin

favorofthefour-dayworkweekanticipateamorefulfilledcommunity.

Someleaderswillseetheresearchandbelievethatapilotisworthwhile.

Otherswillresisttheidea.Theyweretaughtthatfacetimewithemployeesisthe

onlywaytoensureaccountability（责任心`）andproductivity.Lessfacetimecan

feellikealossofcontrol.

Whileeachorganizationwillneedtofindwhatworksforthem,doingsocan

beaproductiveexercise.Leaderscanletemployeesworkoutthedetailsrather

than“solving“thechallengefromthetopdown.PerpetualGuardianasked

employeestoproposetheirownproductivitymeasures,includinghowtoincrease

productivityandarrangeshifts.Awin,atechfirm,saw80employeesvolunteerfor

taskforcestoensurethattheirswitchtoafour-dayworkweekwentsmoothly.

32.WhyareAmericansdoubtfulaboutthenewworkweekpractice?

A.Therearelimitedlegislationproposalsforit.

B.ItchallengesAmericanworkvalue.

C.Itgoesbeyondtheirstandardworkweek.

D.Therearefewpilotsforitacrosstheglobe.

33.Whatisparagraph2mainlydiscussing?

A.Americanworkculture.

B.Challengesofthenewpractice.

C∙Detailsofthenewworkweekpilots.

D.Thepossibilityofadoptingthenewpractice.

34.Whatcanbeachievedbythenewpractice?

A.Amorehealthyandefficientsociety.

B.Diversityoforganizationmanagement.

C.Increasedsenseofresponsibility.

D.Morechoicesofcommunityservices.

35.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestleadersdo?

A.Handlethechallengesfromthetopdown.

B・Allowtheemployeestotrythenewpractice.

C.Workoutdetailedsolutionsfortheorganization.

D.Developmorewaystomeasureproductivity.

【答案】32∙B33.D34.A35.B

【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了新的四小时工作周新惯例在社会上引起的

怀疑，支持和试点等情况。

32.推理判断题。根据第二段第-句“InitialdoubtiSreaSonabIeSinCeAmeriCan

workculturehasbeenfoundedonconstantworkingandexpectationsfor

OVeraChieVement.(最初的怀疑是合理的，因为美国的工作文化建立在不断工

作和对超额成就的期望之上。可知，美国的工作文化其价值观是“不断工作，

超额成就”，而新的工作周惯例是四天制，这与其原有价值观相违背，因此美

国人怀疑这一新的工作制度。故选B项。

33.主旨大意题。根据第二段第二句"However,iftherewereeveratimefor

transformingthinking,thisisit.(^≡,如果曾经有过转变思维的时候，那就是

现在了。户可知，作者认为现在是时候转变原有思维，即原有的工作文化价

值观。故可推测本段主要讲述转变思维，适应新的惯例的可能性。故选D项。

34.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句"Supporterscitemanybenefits,including

improvedphysicalandmentalhealth,increasedgenderequityandpositive

environmentalimpacts.（支持者列举了许多好处，包括改善身心健康、增加性

别平等和积极的环境影响。）"和第三句"Pilotfindingsshowincreased

PrOdUCtiVityaSWelI.（试验结果表明，生产率也有所提高。）”可知，新的工作

时长惯例能够促进身心健康，也能够提高生产效率，因此整个社会将会更加

高效。故选A项。

35.推理判断题。根据最后一段二三句"Leaderscanletemployeesworkoutthe

detailsratherthan“solving“thechallengefromthetopdown.PerpetualGuardian

askedemployeestoproposetheirownproductivitymeasures,includinghowto

increaseproductivityandarrangeShiftS.（领导者可以让员工解决细节问题，而

不是自上而下地“解决”挑战。新西兰最大的慈善服务私人机构Peipetual

Guardian要求员工提出自己的生产力措施，包括如何提高生产力和安排轮

班。厂可知，领导者要让员工自己解决细节问题，且以PerPetUaIGUardian为

例，进一步指出员工自己可以提出自己的生产力措施，即老板应该允许员工

自己践行一些新实践。故选B项。

第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有

两项为多余选项。

HowtoReadtheNewspaperQuicklyandEfficiently

Youwanttostayinformedabouttheworldbutyouhavesuchabusylife.

36Herearetipsforreadingthenewspaperinthefastest,mostefficient

waypossible:

Scantheheadlines

37Generallyspeaking,theheadlinepresentsthethemeofthestory

soyoucanskipoversomestoriesandreadothers.Rememberthatsomestories

willdirectlyaffectyouwhileothersmaynot.Useyourbestjudgmentin

determiningwhichstoriesyouwanttoreadbasedontheirheadlines.

38

Basically,anewspaperarticlepresentsthemostcrucialinformationearlyon

andgraduallyrevealslessandlesssignificantdetails.Inotherwords,youcan

readthefirstonetofiveparagraphsorsoandreal