2023译林版新教材高中英语必修第三册同步练习-Unit 1　五年高考练

Unit1Natureinthebalance

五年高考练

I.阅读理解

主题语境：语篇类型：建议用时：

（2021全国新高考I,C,#?）

WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealive

withanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresources

wisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatea

largepartoftheseresources.MillionsofWaterfoW1（水禽）werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersanda

handfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-

increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat（栖息地）.

In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct（Act）,anincreasinglyconcerned

nationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionOfmigratoKy（迁徙的）waterfowlandthewetlandssovitalto

theirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseand

carryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N."Ding"Darling,a

politicalcartoonistfromDesMoines,Iowa,whoatthattimewasappointedbyPresidentFranklinRoosevelt

asDirectoroftheBureauofBiologicalSurvey.Hunterswillinglypaythestamppricetoensurethesurvivalof

ournaturalresources.

About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundto

purchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthat

ensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfa

billiondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.Littlewonderthe

FederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.

词汇积累

!.setfooton∕uρon踏上

2.ahandfulOf少数

3.overlyQd忆很;十分

4.house"给.提供住处

5.destruction九摧毁毁灭;破坏

6.cartoonist几漫画家

7.willingly〃.愿意,乐意地

8.inclusion几包括;包含

9.refuge几庇护;避难所

IOxonservation几保护;保持

11.initiate"开始发起;创始

l.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?

A.Lossofwetlands.

B.Popularityofwatersports.

C-Pollutionofrivers.

D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate“meaninthefirstparagraph?

A.Acquire.B.Export.

C.Destroy.D.Distribute.

3.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?

A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.

B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.

C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.

D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.

4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheFederalDuckStampStory

B.TheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem

C.TheBenefitsofSavingWaterfowl

D.TheHistoryofMigratoryBirdHunting

II.语法填空

主题语境：语篇类型：建议用时：

(2022全国新高考I,#)

TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).]

(cover)anareaaboutthreetimes2sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirst

nationalparksinthecountry.Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat3(be)

previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority_

4_(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNP5(design)to

reflecttheguidingprincipleof''protectingtheauthentiCity(原真'性)andintegrityofnaturalecosystems,

preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,6leavingbehindpreciousnatural

assets(资产)forfuturegenerations,∖TheGPNP'smaingoalistoimproveconnectivitybetweenseparate7

(population)andhomesofgiantpandas,and8(eventual)achieveadesiredlevelofpopulationinthe

wild.

Giantpandasalsoserve9anumbrellaspecies,bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsin

thesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforall

thespecies10livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosystemin

thearea.

词汇积累

IfnaliZel，把(计划、旅行、项目等)最后定下来

2.inconsistency〃.不一致的情况

3.pilot〃的.试验性的

4.bufferZOne(环保)缓冲区

5.umbrellaspecies保护伞物种

6.ahostof许多;大量

1.______2.______3.______4.______5._______

6.7.8.9.IO-

答案与分层梯度式解析

Unit1Natureinthebalance

五年高考练

1.◎语篇解读本文为说明文。主题语境是人与自然;主题语境内容是自然保护。文章介绍了美国联

邦政府发布的《候鸟狩猎印花税法案》的背景及结果。

1.A细节理解题。根据题干关键词"waterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmeriCa”定位到第一段根据

第一E殳最后一句'"Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,

greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.”可知,湿地丧失是水禽数量下降的一个原因,故选A项。

2.C词义猜测题。画线词上句表示美洲土著居民聪明地保护这些宝贵的自然资源,画线词所在句中的

“Unfortunately”表明本句与上句之间是转折关系,由此推知,画线词是“破坏”的意思,故选C项。A.获得B

出口;D.分配。

3.D推理判断题。根据题干关键词"theActpassedin1934”定位到第二段。根据该段第二句可知,该法

案要求所有16岁及以上的水禽狩猎者每年必须购买并携带一张联邦鸭票,由此推断,这项法案的通过使

政府筹集到了一些资金.故选D项。

4.A主旨大意题。第一段介绍联邦鸭票发行的背景,第二段介绍发行的经过,第三段介绍发行鸭票带来

的好处,最后一句"LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessful

conservationprogramseverinitiated.”更是点明主题,因此全文都是围绕联邦鸭票展开的。故选Ao

长难句

原句Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatly

reducingwaterfowlhabitat.

分析本句是—Is■简单句。不定式短语tofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations作目的状语。现

在分词短语greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat作结果状语。

译文数百万英亩的湿地被弄干,以养活和容纳不断增加的人口,大大减少了水禽的栖息地。

∏∙◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。大熊猫国家公园的建立不仅能保护大熊猫,而且能够促进该区域

所有物种的健康发展。

1.Covering考查动词的非谓语形式。theGPNP与设空处为逻辑上的主动关系,且设空处位于句首,故用

,,

COVer的现在分词形式(CoVering),意为“占地...0

2.the考查冠词。倍数的表达方法:倍数+the+名词(SiZe/len