Pygmalion-皮革马利翁-窈窕淑女

Pygmalion

连于洋徐盈盈胡海莹朱朔宁金美西白皛CompanyLogoAbouttheauthor(1856-1950)WorksIntroductionGeorgeBernardShawAbriefintroduction1.Irishdramatist,literarycritic,asocialistspokesman2.Defenderofwomen’srights,andadvocateofequalityofincome.3.In1925hewasawardedtheNobelPrizeforLiterature.Shawacceptedthehonorbutrefusedthemoney.4.Hewasaveryhumorous

playwright.GeorgeBernardShaw(1856-1950)《卡希尔·拜伦的职业》〔CashelByron‘sProfession〕《鳏夫的房产》〔Widowers'Houses〕《圣女贞德》〔SaintJoan〕《卖花女》〔Pygmalion〕〔1964年改编成电影《窈窕淑女》，当年获奥斯卡最正确影片、最正确导演、最正确改编音乐等八座小金人。〕《魔鬼的门徒》〔TheDevil'sDisciple〕《人与超人》〔ManandSuperman〕《伤心之家》〔HeartbreakHouse〕《华伦夫人的职业》〔MrsWarren'sProfession〕《巴巴拉少校》〔MajorBarbara〕《苹果车》〔TheAppleCart〕《医生的两难选择》〔TheDoctor'sDilemma〕《长生》或《千岁人》〔BacktoMethuselah〕《凯撒和克娄巴特拉》〔CaesarandCleopatra〕CompanyLogoLiteraryworksCandia

康蒂妲AndroclesandtheLion

安德罗克利斯与狮子

TheDevil’sDisciple

魔鬼的门徒SaintJoan

圣女贞德HeartbreakHouse伤心之家ArmsandtheMan

武器与人ThefilmSomeweremadeintofilmsAnAncientGreekMyth

Pygmalion

wastheKingofCypruswhoisgoodatengravingart.Pygmalionsawtoomuchblameinwomenthathecameatlasttoabhor(憎恨)thesexandresolvedtoliveunmarried.

Oneday,hechosealarge,beautifulpieceofivory,andworkeddiligentlyatit,chiseling(用凿子凿开)andhammering〔捶打〕untilhefinished.Itwasastatueofabeautifulladywhichwassoperfectthatitlookedliketheworkmanshipofnature.Pygmaliondressedthestatue,gaveitjewelsandnameditGalatea(sleepinglove).Helaidheronacouchandcalledherhiswife,andputherheaduponapillowofsoftestfeathers,asifshecouldenjoytheirsoftness.ThefestivalofVenus(Aphrodite)wasathand---afestivalcelebratedwithgreatpompatCyprus〔塞浦路斯〕.Pygmalionstoodbeforethealtarandprayedforhiswife.WhenVenusheardhim,shewentthehomeofthesculptortoseewhatit’slike.ShewasdelightedwhenshesawGalatea.Shethoughtitlookedalotlikeher,soshebroughtittolife.WhenPygmalionreturnedhome,hewenttoseethestatue,andleaningoverthecouch,gaveakisstohermouth.Itseemedtobewarm.Hepressedherlipsagain,itfeltsosofttohistouch.Galateawasaliveandsmiledathim!Theysoongetmarried,andPygmaliondidn’tforgettothankVenusforhisgoodfortune.HeandGalateabroughtgiftstoheraltaraslongastheylived.Venusblessedhappinessandloveinreturn.Paphoswasbornfromthisunion.ThenamewasfromthecityofVenus.ThePygmalioneffect

皮格马利翁效应ThePygmalioneffect(alsoknownasRobertRosenthaleffect)isexpressedbysaying:Peopletendtobehaveasyouexpecttheywill.Yougetwhatyouexpect.

当我们怀着对某件事情非常强烈期望的时候,我们所期望的事物就会出现。

皮格马利翁效应

指人们基于对某种情境的知觉而形成的期望或预言，会使该情境产生适应这一期望或预言的效应。PygmalionThePygmalionmythwasapopularsubjectforVictorianeraEnglishplaywrights.

Pygmalion

,aRomanceinFiveActs(1912)isaplaybyIrishplaywrightGeorgeBernardShaw.ProfessorofphoneticsHenryHigginsmakesabetthathecantrainabedraggledCockneyflowergirl,ElizaDoolittle,topassforaduchessatanambassador'sgardenpartybyteachinghertoassumeaveneerofgentility,themostimportantelementofwhich,hebelieves,isimpeccablespeech.TheplayisasharplampoonoftherigidBritishclasssystemofthedayandacommentonwomen'sindependence,packagedasaromanticcomedy.PlotPoorcockneyflowergirlElizaisafairyounglady,andalsoquiteclever.Shehastowalkallstreetstosellherflowersandlivesonthis.Oneday,shewasdrawnattentionsofProfessorHenryHiggins,whothentakesabetfromColonelPickeringthathecantransformthedirtyCockneyflowergirlintoafair,good-behaviorlady,andhewillalsoleteveryonetrustshereallyisone,too!Hedoes,andthusyoungaristocratFreddyfallsmadlyinlovewithher.ButwhenHigginstakesallthesuccesstohimselfandforgetstoacknowledgeherefforts,ElizaangrilyleaveshimforFreddy,andsuddenlyHigginsrealizeshecan'treallylive,hehasalreadyfallenintolovewithhercompletely!Finally,ElizacomebacktoHiggins.

ElizaDoolittle(E):apoorflowergirlwhoisambitioustoimproveherself.ProfessorHiggins(H):anexpertinphonetics,convincedthatthequalityofaperson’sEnglishdecideshis/herpositioninsociety.ColonelPickering(P):anofficerinthearmyandlaterafriendofHiggins’whosetshimatask.Freddy(F):agentleman,wholovesElizaandwantstowooher.MaincharactersEliza

ProfessorHigginsColonelPickering

LowclassUpperclassCharacterPositioninsocietyEvidenceintheplayElizaLowerclassLanguage:callsgentleman“sir”and“cap’in”(orcaptain)Behaviour:respectfultopeopleofhigherclassComprehendingCharacterPositioninsocietyEvidenceintheplayHenryHigginsLanguage:callsEliza“yousillygirl”andPickering“mydearman”(anequalandfriend)Behaviour:rude(andpatronizing)tolowerclass;politetosameorupperclassmiddleclassCharacterPositioninsocietyEvidenceintheplayColonelPickeringUpperclassLanguage:preparedtobeginaconversationwithsomeone,whomhedoesnotknow;generouswithpraisetohimBehaviour:generallyconfidentandpolite;kind,polite,generous,enthusiastic,eager,confidentimpatient,rude,confident,super