阅读理解语篇类型+记叙文 高三英语二轮复习

阅读理解：记叙文startByShirleyHu概述记叙文是以写人、记事、状物为主要内容，以记叙和描写为表达方式的文章。一篇记叙文，描写人物、地点、事件和过程，表达作者的某种情感。主要具有以下特点：选材新颖、生动、真实、典型的素材描写，让读者有身临其境的感觉。内容记叙文应该包括六要素，即：时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果。可以按事件发生的时间顺序写，也可以按事件发生的先后写。形式顺叙、倒叙、插叙。语言一般过去时为主，各种时态为辅，合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态是英语记叙文首要的语言特征；多用动词，尤其是动态强的行为动词是英语记叙文又一个明显的语言特征。命题主要集中在多个事件的先后顺序与人物的情感态度上。阅读策略弄清六要素何人、何时、何地，因何原因做了何事，结果如何，有何启示或感想。弄清写作目的证明一个观点；赞美某种美德；谴责某种罪恶；提供娱乐。关注开头和结尾把握事情的动向，尾段经常是主题的升华所在。关注情感主线分析事情的发展脉络，弄清人物关系，透析文章的情感主线。弄清六要素何人、何时、何地，因何原因做了何事，结果如何，有何启示或感想。范例

Fromthetimehewasayoungboy,JimHaskinsalwayshadabookinhishand.Whileotherkidswereoutsideplayingball,Jimwasusuallyreading.Hecouldbefoundinoneofhisfavorite.JimwasborninDemopolis,Alabama,duringthetimeofsegregation(隔离).BecauseJimwasBlack,hewasnotallowedtocheckoutasinglebookatthepubliclibrary.Librarieswereforwhitesonly.ThelawsofsegregationseparatedJimfromallthebookshelongedtoread.ButJimwasdetermined.Heconvincedateacheratschooltolendhimbooksofherown.Heevenmanagedtogetsomepubliclibrarybooksthroughawhitewomanwhomhismomworkedfordoinglaundry.

WhenJimwasateenager,BlackAmericans’struggleforequalrightswasbecomingthecivilrightsmovement.Manybravepeopleweretakingrisksbyrefusingtofollowunfairsegregationlaws.JimwenttoMontgomery,Alabama,andjoinedacivilrightsgroup.ThegroupwasheadedbyDr.MartinLutherKing,Jr.JimbelievedinKing’snonviolentapproachtochange.Once,duringapeacefulmarch,Jimwasarrested.Becauseofthat,hiscollegeexpelledhim.Hedidgraduatefromanothercollege.Afterward,hewentontoteachschoolinHarlem,apartofNewYorkCity.Asateacher,hehadtroublefindingbooksthatinterestedhisBlackstudents.SohedecidedtowritehisownbooksaboutsuccessfulBlackAmericans.Throughhiswriting,hemetandinterviewedmanyofthepeopleheadmired,includingRosaParks.

Today,librarieshavemorethanonehundredbookswrittenbyJimHaskins,theboywholovedtoread,andtoday,childrenofallracescanwalkthroughthedoorsofanypubliclibraryandfindinterestingbooksthatinform,entertain,andinspirethem.衢州、丽水、湖州2024一模文本类型和写作意图1.讲述故事(tell/narrate/relateastory)2.分享经验

(shareanexperience)3.纪念人物(rememberaperson)4.阐明道理(communicateanidea/conveyamessage)一次经历(anexperience)一个故事(astory)人物故事(amanwithgreatspirits)名人传记(biography)写事件写人物名人传记(biography)Thecontentofabiography评价:evaluation(achievements;contributions)概况:date/placeofbirth,background教育:educationexperiences外貌:appearance,character,hobbies生平:bigevents,anecdotesbewrittenintimeorder7【2023▪新高考I卷】WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”81.

WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.

Hewasfondoftraveling.

B.

Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.

Hehadaninquiringmind.

D.

Helongedtobeadoctor.2.

WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.

Tofeedtheanimals.

B.

Tobuildanecosystem.C.

Toprotecttheplants.

D.

Totesttheeco-machine.3.

Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.

ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans.

B.

ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.

TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs.

D.

ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.4.

WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.

Naturecanrepairitself.

B.

Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.

LifeonEarthisdiverse.

D.

Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.故事类篇章结构Beginning开端Development发展bringoutthetopic点题Climax高潮Conclusion升华主题Ending结局10【2023▪全国乙卷】LivinginIowaandtryingtobecomeaphotographerspecializinginlandscape(风景)canbequiteachallenge,mainlybecausethecornstatelacksgeographicalvariation.AlthoughlandscapesintheMidwesttendtobequitesimilar,eitherfarmfieldsorhighways,sometimesIfinddistinctivecharacterinthehillsorlakes.Tomakesomeofmylandscapeshots,Ihavetraveleduptofourhoursawaytoshootwithina10-minutetimeframe.Itendtotravelwithafewofmyfriendstostateparksortothecountrysidetogoonadventuresandtakephotosalongtheway.Beingattherightplaceattherighttimeisdecisiveinanystyleofphotography.IoftenleaveearlytoseektherightdestinationssoIcansetupearlytoavoidmissingthemomentIamattemptingtophotograph.Ihavemissedplentyofbeautifulsunsets/sunrisesduetobeingonthespotonlyfiveminutesbeforethebestmoment.OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil’sLake,Wisconsin,toclimbthepurplequartz(石英)rockaroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabunchofrocks,wedecidedtophotographthesceneatsunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelakewiththesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路线)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.1124.Howdoestheauthordealwiththechallengeasalandscap