江苏省南通市如东高级中学2020-2021学年高二上学期阶段测试（一）英语试题

20202021学年度高二第一学期英语阶段测试一第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whenwillthewomanvisittheman'sclass?A.Thisevening.B.Tomorrow.C.NextMonday.2.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Tumofftheradio.B.Talktohisneighbor.C.Prepareforthetest.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Plansfortheweekend.B.TheGreatWall.C.Shopping.4.Whatisthewomandoing?A.She'swaitingforfriends.B.She'slisteningtomusic.C.She'shavingacoffee.5.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Johnwillesoon.B.Theywon'twaitforJohn.C.Theywillstayupallnight.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhyisthemangoingtoHawaii?A.Tovisithiscousin.B.Toattendawedding.C.Togofishingandswimming.7.Whereisthewomangoingthissummer?A.Egypt.B.Italy.C.Hawaii.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhatiswrongwithKathy?A.Sheisupsetbecauseshefailedtheexam.BSheisworriedaboutherclassmateDon.C.Shecan'tgetonwellwithherfather.9.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Midtermexam.B.Schooleducation.C.Pressurefromparents.听第8段材料，回答第·10至12题。10.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Shecan'tgetacollegedegree.B.Shehastolivewithherparents.C.Shemaynotfindajobafterfinishingcollege.11.Whatdowelearnabouttheman'spany?A.Thesaleshaverisenrapidly.B.Thebusinessisimprovinggradually.C.Thepanyishavingitshardesttime.12.Whatwillthewomanprobablydoafterhergraduation?A.Shewilljointheman'spany.B.Shewillstartherownbusiness.C.Shewillworkasasalesgirl.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whydoesthemanwanttobookaroom?A.Forameeting.B.Foraholiday.C.Foraparty.14.Whenwillthemancheckout?A.OnWednesday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.15.Whatkindofroomdoesthemanbook?A.Asingleroomnearthestreet.B.Asingleroomawayfromthestreet.C.Adoubleroomawayfromthestreet.16.Wherewillthemanhavethebreakfastprobably?A.Onthestreet.B.Intherestaurant.C.Atthehotel.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whichofthefollowingcoursesisfree?A.PhysicalFitness.B.Gymnastics.C.MusicandMovement.18.Howlongdoesthecourseforgymnasticslast?A.Aboutamonth.B.Abouttwomonths.C.Aboutsixweeks.19.Whatisthepurposeofthecourses?A.Tokeepstudentshealthyandhappy.B.Tohelpstudentsgetusedtothecollegelife.C.Toprovidestudentswithlearningguidance.20.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Welingthefreshmen.B.Introducingtheacademicprograms.C.Advertisingthetrainingprograms.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThreeModernServicesWhenyou'reworkingafulltimejob,studyingoronthehuntforwork,lifecanfeelexhausting.Thegoodnewsisthatmoderntechnologyhasmadelifeeasierinmanyways,andwiththefollowingservices,you'llfindyouhavemoretimeandenergyforthethingsthatmatter.MealkitdeliveryservicesMealkitdeliveryservicesareoneofthemostunderestimatedinnovationsofthe21stcentury.Howtheyworkissimple.Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.Then,whatyourdietaryrequirementsare,andanyotherpreferences.Finally,yougettochoosewhichmealkitswillbedeliveredtoyourdoor.Nomatteryourdiet,youcanhaveanappropriatemealkitdelivered.Forexample,checkoutthese

lowcarbmealdelivery

options.Thekitespletewithalltheingredientsyouneed,alreadyprepared.Allyouhavetodoistofollowthesimplerecipetoputthemtogetherandpopyourmealintheoven.Withmealkitdelivery,youdon’thavetoworryaboutcookingorspendingmoneyontakeout.Yourtripstothegrocerystorewillbeeeasierandyou'llwastelessmoneyandfood.TaskrabbitOneofthemostfrustratingaspectsofhavingaplaceyoucallyourownisthatyouhaveto

takecareofthemaintenance(维修).Evenifyouarerenting,therearecertaintasksthatyourlandlordwillexpectyoutoseeto,whetheraleakytaporaproblematicelectricalappliance.Forthis,Taskrabbitconnectsyouwithfreelancerswhoarewillingtotakeonjustaboutanytaskforyou.Youcanhiresomeonetotakecareofyourleakytapratherthanspendingyourowntimeandenergydoingit.You'regivingsomeoneworkwhileenjoyingyourtimeoff.PostmatesFinally,oneofthemostconvenientandusefulservicesis,ofcourse,

Postmates.WithPostmates,youcangetjustaboutanythingdeliveredordeliversomethingyourself.Youcangetsomeonetodoyourgroceriesforyou–simplymakealistofwhatyouneedandchoosewhethertheshoppershouldcallyouifsomethingisoutoriftheycandecideonreplacementsthemselves.Youcanalsouseitfortakeout,tosendorreceivedocuments,andanyotherdeliveryneedsyouhave.Weliveinanageofconvenience,andweshouldtakeadvantageofit.Startusingtheaboveservicesandyou'llseeyourstresslevelsdrop.1.WhatwillpeoplefirstdotoenjoyMealkitdeliveryservices?A.Tocheckoutsomeoptions.B.Topopyourmealintheoven.C.Toconfirmtheexactnumberofpeople.D.Tofollowthesimplerecipetoputthemtogether.2.WhatdothethreeModernServiceshaveinmon?A.Theycanhelppeoplesavemoney.B.AlltheModernServicesaretoplevel.C.Theycanmakepeopleeasilyenjoytheirlives.D.YoungpeopleshowtheirpreferenceforthethreeModernServices.3.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytobetakenfrom?A.Amagazine B.Abookreview.C.Anovel. D.Aguidebook.【答案】1.C2.C3.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了三款让生活更便捷的现代科技发明。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Mealkitdeliveryservices中Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.得知餐盒递送服务中你需要首先选择多少人要在家里就餐。要首先确认就餐人们的确切数量。故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段

Thegoodnewsisthatmoderntechnologyhasmadelifeeasierinmanyways,andwiththefollowingservices,得知本文介绍的三款科技发明都是提升生活水平，帮人们更容易享受生活的发明。故选C。3题详解】推理判断题。文章介绍三款现代科技发明，是节选自杂志。不是书评、小说或导游手册。故选A。【点睛】对于直接信息题此类题型，可以首先从问题中找到关键词,然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。例如:小题1问享受餐盒递送服务首先做什么?在文章中找到相关的句子,由第二段Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.可知,需要首先选择多少人要在家里就餐,关键词是Atthebeginning…,C选项Toconfirmtheexactnumberofpeople.是对youchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyourhousehold.…的同义改写，故选C。BInfifthgrade,onamerryNewYorkCityday,myclassmatesspreadacrossourraggedyclassroomcarpet.Ourteacherhaduspracticingholidaysongsfortheupingwintershow,andwithholidayseasonalpassionwesang.WhenwecametooneoftheHanukkah(aJewishfestival)songs,afewclassmatesandIgotupandstarteddancing.Weflewaroundtheclassroomlaughing,ourmovementsbeingirregularasthesongprogressed.Thenoneboystoodupandsaidsomethingalongthelinesof,“Stop!You’remakingfunofJewishpeople!”Ourstudentteacherstoppedthesong.Theboylookedatusangrilyasthestudentteacherbegantolectureusonourbehavior.Howwewerebeingdisrespectfultotheboy’sculture—howthedancingwaswrong.Iwassurprisedattheoutburstand,asaJewishpersonmyself,didnotunderstandwhytheboywasoffended,orwhyIwasintrouble.Iwasembarrassedandmadetofeeldisrespectedmyownculture.Atthebeginningofmiddleschool,withtheHanukkahsongincidentstillfreshinmymind,IbegantointeractmorewithmyJewishheritage(血统).IstartedgoingtoHebrewschool.Icarefullylistenedtoprayersandmittedthemtomemory.Thelegitimacy(正统)ofmyJewishheritagewasquestionedbymypeers,especiallyaroundtheJewishholidays.TheywouldaskifIwas“reallyJewish,”asiftherewasastandardsetofrequirementsIneededtomeet.Ididn’thavemyBatMitzvah(犹太成人礼),sothatmeantIcouldn’tbetrulyJewish,theysaid.Iaskedmyselfiftheaccusationsweretrue.ItfeltlikeIneedtoprovemyJewishnessinsomeway.IbeganlookingforwaystoconnectwithandrepresentmyJudaism.WhenIwalkedintoastoreinDecember,InoticedtheabundanceofChristmasitems,andlackofHanukkahpieces.Maybetherewouldbeamenorah(烛台)instorefronts,orafewdreidels(陀螺)andchocolategoldcoins,ifIwaslucky.Insteadoffeelingleftoutorignored,Istartedtomakeagameoutofit.Inhighschool,Iwouldwalkthestreetsofthecityandpeerintostorewindows,markingdownalltheHanukkahrelatedthingsIdiscovered.4.Whydidtheclasssingthesongsaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Topreparefortheingperformance.B.Tomaketheangryboyhappy.C.TocelebrateatraditionalJewishfestival.D.Torespondtothehappydancers.5.Whatdidtheauthorexperienceduringhermiddleschool?A.racialdiscrimination.B.identityquestion.C.cultureattack.D.criminalcharges.6.Howdidtheauthordotoproveshe’satrueJew?A.SheopenedastoretosellHanukkahitems.B.Shesearchedforthethingsrelatedtoherownculture.C.Sheadvocatedherowncultureandmadeitknowntomore.D.Sherequestedtohaveabatmitzvahinfrontofherclassmates.7Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor?A.optimisticandconsiderateB.sensitiveandambitiousC.intelligentanddelicateD.conventionalandpractical【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者一直受到同学们的质疑，怀疑自己的犹太身份，思想传统的作者想尽一切办法，让自己成为了真正意义上的犹太人。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段Ourteacherhaduspracticingholidaysongsfortheupingwintershow,andwithholidayseasonalpassionwesang.（我们的老师让我们为即将到来的冬季表演练习节日歌曲，我们带着节日的激情唱歌）可知，全班同学一起唱歌是为即将到来的演出做准备。答案为A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Thelegitimacy(正统)ofmyJewishheritagewasquestionedbymypeers,especiallyaroundtheJewishholidays.（我的犹太血统的合法性受到了同龄人的质疑，尤其是在犹太节日期间）可知作者在中学经历了身份被质疑的问题。故答案为B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段ItfeltlikeIneedtoprovemyJewishnessinsomeway.IbeganlookingforwaystoconnectwithandrepresentmyJudaism.（我觉得我需要以某种方式证明我的犹太人身份。我开始寻找与我的犹太教有联系和能代表犹太主义的方法）可知作者通过寻找与自己文化有关的东西来证明自己是一个真正的犹太人。故答案为B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段IbeganlookingforwaystoconnectwithandrepresentmyJudaism.（我开始寻找与我的犹太教有联系和能代表犹太主义的方法）可知作者极力想要让自己成为一个真正的犹太人，所以作者是一个传统的人；根据最后一段Insteadoffeelingleftoutorignored,Istartedtomakeagameoutofit.Inhighschool,Iwouldwalkthestreetsofthecityandpeerintostorewindows,markingdownalltheHanukkahrelatedthingsIdiscovered.（我不再觉得自己被冷落或被忽视，而是开始利用它制作一款游戏。上高中的时候，我会走在城市的街道上，看着商店的橱窗，记下我发现的所有与光明节有关的东西）可知作者把想法付诸实践，说明作者是一个很务实的人。故答案为D。CBeingstuckbehindcrowdsofslowwalkerswhenyou’reinahurryisoneofthemostannoyingthings.Butnow,LakesideShoppingCentreinEssex,oneoftheUK’slargestshoppingmalls,hasintroduceditsveryownfastlane(通道)forshoppersinahurry,aimingtohelpimpatientshoppersavoidslowwalkersandtheangerthatgoeswiththem.TheLakesideShoppingCenterinEssexhasintroduceda720foot“fastlane”reservedforfastwalkersonly,justintimefortheChristmasrush.Thecenter’smanagementteamsaid:“thelanewillhelptheshopperswhoknowwheretheywanttogoquicklyanddon’twanttogetcaughtinbehindunhurriedshoppersatthebusiesttimeoftheyear.”ThefastlanewasintroducedafteraMasterCardsurveyfoundthat80percentofconsumersfoundslowwalkerstheirbiggestannoyancewhileshopping.Theresearchalsofoundthattheaveragewalkingspeedsloweddownby21percentduringtheChristmasshoppingperiod,asmostshoppersspentmoretimewindowshoppingduringthisperiod.GaryMortimer,anexpertfromtheQueenslandUniversityofTechnology,saidhewasn’tsurprisedbythepromotionaboutthelaunchofthefastlane,andthoughttheconceptwouldappealtoshoppersallovertheworld.“Crowdedparkinglotsandbusyshoppingcenterstendtobetwoofthebiggestplaintsofshoppersoverthefestiveseason,”hesaid.“Ithinkthefastlanesareanewapproach.However,Isuspectitwillbeabitlikefastlanesonthehighway,soitmightendupbeingmoretroublethanitsworth.”TheMasterCardsurveyalsoidentifiedthefourmostmontypesofshoppers.Theyinclude“Skaters”－the31percentofshopperswhotryandmaketheirwaythroughcrowdspolitely,“Dodgers”－the51percentofcustomerswhomovedownthepathstoavoidslowwalkers,“Bulldozers”－the11percentwhopushtheirwaythroughcrowds,and“Tutters”－thel5percentwhoexpresstheirfrustrationstoslowwalkers.8.Thefastlaneisintendedfortheshopperswho.A.can’tmovequicklybecauseofphysicaldisabilitiesB.buythingsontheirshoppinglistsquicklyC.taketheirtimetodowindowshoppingD.wanttoleavethemallquickly9.WhatisGaryMortimer’sattitudetothefastlane?A.Supportive. B.Indifferent. C.Critical. D.Objective.10.Whopatientlymovesbehindaslowcrowd?A.Skaters. B.Dodgers. C.Bulldozers. D.Tutters.11.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Shoppingcanbeannoyingsometimes.B.Howtoavoid“slowwalkers”whenshopping.C.Theproblemsthatshoppingcentersfaceduringbusyholidays.D.Theshoppingmallcreatesthefastlanetoavoid“slowwalkers”.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【解析】这是一篇议论文。本文主要写了，针对圣诞节期间的顾客，购物中心创造快速车道避免"慢行者"，并针对这一现象进行了讨论。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段Butnow,LakesideShoppingCentreinEssex,oneoftheUK’slargestshoppingmalls,hasintroduceditsveryownfastlane(通道)forshoppersinahurry,aimingtohelpimpatientshoppersavoidslowwalkersandtheangerthatgoeswiththem.（但现在，英国最大的购物中心之一埃塞克斯的湖畔购物中心(LakesideShoppingCentre)为匆忙的购物者推出了自己的“快车道”，旨在帮助没有耐心的购物者避免走得慢的人以及随之而来的愤怒。）可知“快车道”是专为那些在购物单上快速购物的人设计的。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文中GaryMortimer说的话："Ithinkthefastlanesareanovelapproach.However,Isuspectitwillbeabitlikefastlanesonthehighway,soitmightendupbeingmoretroublethanitsworth.""我认为快车道是一种新颖的方法。但是，我怀疑它会有点像高速公路上的快车道，所以它可能比它的价值更麻烦。"可见他对于fastlane的评价是客观的，既说出它的优点也指出了它可能存在的问题，所以答案选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Theyinclude"Skaters"the31percentofshopperswhotryandmaketheirwaythroughcrowdspolitely,可见Skaters是礼貌地试着穿过人群。所以答案选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句oneoftheUK'slargestshoppingmalls,hasintroduceditsveryownfastlaneforshoppersinahurry,aimingtohelpimpatientshoppersavoidslowwalkersandtheragethatgoeswiththem.是本文主旨句，购物中心创造快速车道避免"慢行者"，所以答案选D。DAccordingtoastudypublishedinthepreprintwebsitebioRxiv,ateamofIsraeliscientistsrecordedtomatoandtobaccoplantsproducingsoundfrequencieswhichhumanscannothearinstressfulsituationssuchaswhentheyexperiencedalackofwaterortheirstemswerecut.Theteamidentifiedthesoundswithmicrophonesplacedaround10centimeters(aroundfourinches)awayfromtheplants,thoughthescientistssaythenoisescouldpotentiallybeheardseveralfeetawaybysomemammalsandinsects,suchasmice.Plantsexposedtodroughtstresshavebeenshowntoexperiencecavitation—aprocesswhereairbubblesform,expandandexplodeinsidetissuethattransportswater.Theseexplosionsproducesound,buttheyhaveonlyeverbeenrecordedusingdevicesdirectlyconnectedtotheplants.Thelateststudy,meanwhile,isthefirsttoidentifyplantsmakingsoundswhichcanbedetectedoveradistance.Andtheresearcherssaythatcavitationcouldpotentiallybethesourceofthesesounds.Theteamdetectedthetomatoplantsmade35soundsanhouronaveragewhentheywereexposedtodroughtconditions,whilethetobaccoplantsproduced11.Whenthestemsoftheplantswerecut,thetomatoplantsmade25soundsanhouronaverageandthetobaccoplantsproduced15.Asaparison,unstressedplantsmadelessthanonesoundhouronaverage,accordingtothestudy.Theteamsaythatwhiletheyonlytestedtomatoandtobacco.It'spossiblethatotherplantscouldalsoproducesounds,addingthatthelatestfindingscouldhaveimplicationsforagriculture.“Plantsoundemissionscouldofferanovelwayformonitoringcrops'waterstateaquestionofvitalimportanceinagriculture,”theauthorswroteinthestudy.“morePreciseirrigationcansaveupto50percentofthewaterconsumptionandincreasetheoutput,withdramaticeconomicimplications.”“AccordingtoAnneVisscherfromtheRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,intheU.K,theideathatthesoundscouldbeusedinprecisionagricultureis,practical'thoughsheurgescautionregardingtheIsraeliteam'ssuggestionthatotheranimalscouldhearthesoundsatadistance,”NewScientistreported.12.WhatdoestheIsraeliscientistsfindaboutplants?A.Stressedplantstendtolackwater.B.Thestressedplantscanmakesounds.C.Someplantscanunderstandhumans'sounds.D.Somemammalsandinsectscanmunicatewithplants.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutcavitation?A.Itmayleadtoplantsexperiencingdrought. B.Itmaycontributetotheplants'sounds.C.Itisdeterminedbythenumberofairbubbles. D.Itwasidentifiedandrecordedforthefirsttime.14.Howmanysoundsdoesthetomatoplantmakeonaveragewhencut?A.35 B.11 C.25 D.1515.what'stheAnneVisscherattitudetoapplyingthestudytoagriculture?A.critical B.cautious C.reserved D.supportive【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.D【解析】本文是说明文。以色列科学家研究表明，植物在压力大的时候会发出声音，并说明这一研究可以应用在农业上。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“AccordingtoastudypublishedinthepreprintwebsitebioRxiv,ateamofIsraeliscientistsrecordedtomatoandtobaccoplantsproducingsoundfrequencieswhichhumanscannothearinstressfulsituations—suchaswhentheyexperiencedalackofwaterortheirstemswerecut.(根据发表在印预网站bioRxiv的一项研究，一组以色列科学家记录了西红柿和烟草植物发出的声音频率，例如缺水或茎被切断的时候，这些频率人类是下无法听到的)”可知，植物在受到压力时会发出声音。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Plantsexposedtodroughtstresshavebeenshowntoexperiencecavitation—aprocesswhereairbubblesform,expandandexplodeinsidetissuethattransportswater.Theseexplosionsproducesound(受到干旱胁迫的植物已经被证明会出现空化现象——一个空气泡形成、扩大和在组织内部爆炸的过程。这些爆炸会产生声音)”可知，研究人员认为空化现象可能是这些声音的来源，空化现象过程中植物可能会产生声音。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whenthestemsoftheplantswerecut,thetomatoplantsmade25soundsanhouronaverageandthetobaccoplantsproduced15.(当植物的茎被切断时，番茄植株平均每小时发出25个声音，烟草植株每小时发出15个声音)”可知，番茄植株在茎被切的时候平均会发出25个声音。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““AccordingtoAnneVisscherfromtheRoyalBotanicGardens,Kew,intheU.K.,theideathatthesoundscouldbeusedinprecisionagricultureis'practical'thoughsheurgescautionregardingtheIsraeliteam'ssuggestionthatotheranimalscouldhearthesoundsatadistance,”NewScientistreported.”可知，尽管英国皇家植物园的安妮·维斯彻对以色列研究小组提出的其他动物可以听到远处声音的看法持谨慎态度，但她认为这种声音可以用于精准农业的想法是可行的。由此推测，AnneVisscher对把该研究应用到农业是持赞同态度的。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoFightLaziness?Lazypeoplewillnevergainanythinginlife.However,lazinesscanbedefeatedonceafewchangeshavebeenmadeinyourmind.___16___.Manypeoplelacksleepconstantly,sincetheystayuptoolateandgetuptooearlytoprepareforwork.Thesepeoplehavelittlemotivation(动力)oncetheyarrivehome.Lazinessworkshandinhandwithalackofmotivationandatendencytoputoffthings.Byadjustingyoursleepscheduletoprovideafewmorehoursofmeaningfulrest,youcanfightlazinessthroughouttheday.Anotherwaytofightlazinessistochangeyourmindfrompassivetoactive.Somepeopletreattheirlivesasiftheywerepushedfromtasktotask.Otherstakeamorepositiveapproach,viewingeachtaskasachallengetheymustoverealone.___17___.Somepeoplefightlazinessbyremovingthetemptations(诱惑)thatsurroundthem.Atelevisioninthelivingroommayprovideentertainment,butwatchingtoomuchTVoftencontributestolaziness.___18___.pleteafewtasksandrewardyourselfwithwhatyouenjoy,suchasagooddinnerorafilm.Lazinesscanalsobealastingproblemathome.Couplesandchildrenmayallhavedifferentenergylevels,butlazinesscanbespreadifnotdealtwithimmediately.___19___.Bethefirsttocollectandwashdishesafterameal.Othersathomemayfinallyfollowyourexampleandperformtheirowntasks.Itisdifficulttopracticelazinesswhenyouaresurroundedbymotivatedpeople.___20___.Enoughexerciseandabalanceddietcanhelpyoutodevelopahealthylifestyle,thusenablingyoutohavemoreenergyandhelpliftyourspirits.A.Onewaytofightlazinessistogetenoughsleep.B.Knowinghowtofightlazinessisimportant.C.Tofightfamilylaziness,setanexample.D.Createarewardsystemforyourself,justasparentsdoforachild.E.Lazinesssetsinwhenyounolongerfeelinchargeofyourownlife.F.Finally,takingexerciseregularlycanhelpyoufightlaziness.G.Withstrongdetermination,youwillbeabletoachieveyourgoal.【答案】16.A17.E18.D19.C20.F【解析】这是一篇说明文。懒惰的人总是一事无成。然而，懒惰是可以被战胜的。本文主要介绍了怎样战胜懒惰。【16题详解】根据下文Manypeoplelacksleepconstantly,sincetheystayuptoolateandgetuptooearlytoprepareforwork.可知，选项A“对抗懒惰的一个方法是有足够的睡眠”与下文衔接最好，故选A。【17题详解】根据中心句Anotherwaytofightlazinessistochangeyourmindfrompassivetoactive可知，此处指的是要有一个积极的态度，尤其是上文的Otherstakeamoreproactiveapproach,viewingeachtaskasachallengetheymustoverealone.把每一项任务都看作是他们必须独自克服的挑战。因此，选项E“当你觉得不能再掌控自己的生活时，你就会变得懒惰。”与上文衔接最好。故选E。【18题详解】根据下文的pleteafewtasksandrewardyourselfwithwhatyouenjoy,suchasagooddinnerorafilm.可知，完成一些任务，用你喜欢的东西来犒劳自己，比如一顿丰盛的晚餐或看一场电影。这些是奖励自己的方式，因此，选项D“为自己创造回报系统，就像父母为孩子做的”最合语境，故选D。【19题详解】根据下文的Bethefirsttocollectandwashdishesafterameal.Othersinthehomemayeventuallyfollowyourexample可知，此处是指要树立榜样，因此，选项C“为了消除家庭的懒惰，可以树立一个榜样”与下文衔接最好，故选C。【20题详解】根据下文的enoughexerciseandabalanceddietcanhelpyoutodevelopahealthylifestyle可知，足够的运动和均衡的饮食可以帮助你养成健康的生活方式，因此，选项F“最后定期锻炼可以让你消灭懒惰”最能概括本段内容，故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分40分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）Onewinternineyearsago,___21___atahomelessshelterinLosAngeles,preparingmealsforpeople.ThereImetAlbert,whosaidhelikedmysocks."Wanttoseemine?"heasked,liftinghis___22___.Hewasbarefoot.Hesaidhehadbeenhopingtogetapairbuthadnevermadeit.Ifelta___23___feelinginmystomach.Thenextday,afterwork,IwenttobuysocksaboutS100___24___.Thatnextmorning,___25___myalarmfor5a.m.anddrovetotheTocalpark,amondestinationfor___26___people.Itwasstilldarkout.Itookoutabagofsocksand:___27___agroupofmen,standingaroundatree,___28___withcold.WhenIhandedeachofthemapairofsocks,theylookedconfusedatfirst,___29___mymotives(动机），buttookthem.Anhourlater,I___30___allthesocks.Mostpeopleweresleeping.IfeltlikeSanta.Whentheywouldwakeup,theywouldfindaverymeaningfulpresent.EveryweekI'llhandoutmanysocks.IfI'mawayformorethanaweek,Iwillbringsockswithmeandhandthemouttothehomelessinotherstatesandcountries.Inthepastyears,thishasbeemyhabit.It's___31___.Isuppose,andit'sincredibly___32___tohelpmakesomepeople's___33___alittlebiteasier.PartofmehopestoseeAlbertoutthere,but___34___Idon't,I'dliketothinkoneofthepairswill___35___him.21.A.challenged B.volunteered C.researched D.conducted22.A.leg B.arm C.hand D.head23.A.magical B.sinking C.forting D.frightening24.A.money B.worth C.value D.worthy25.A.made B.placed C.set D.fixed26.A.countless B.sleepless C.jobless D.homeless27.A.signaledto B.shoutedat C.headedfor D.wavedat28.A.trembling B.clapping C.jumping D.sleeping29.A.proving B.inquiring C.demanding D.questioning30.A.tookoff B.tookout C.gaveoff D.gaveout31.A.detective B.impressive C.addictive D.sensitive32.A.satisfying. B.embarrassing C.amazing D.entertaining33.A.winter B.lives C.families D.difficulties34.A.unless B.until C.evenif D.asif35.A.suit B.fit C.match D.find【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.B25.C26.D27.C28.A29.D30.D31.C32.A33.B34.C35.D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者在一次收容所的志愿活动中，听到一位流浪汉说喜欢作者的袜子，而他一直想要双袜子而不可得。之后作者每周都会去当地的公园给流浪汉们分发袜子，并体会到助人的愉悦，同时希望有一双袜子会到达最初的那位流浪汉手中。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：九年前的一个冬天，我在洛杉矶的一个流浪汉收容所做志愿者，为人们准备饭菜。A.challenged挑战；B.volunteered志愿者；C.researched研究；D.conducted管理。根据后句“….preparingmealsforpeople.”(为人们准备食物)，可知作者在做志愿者。故答案为B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：想看看我的吗?他抬起腿问道。A.leg腿；B.arm胳膊；C.hand手；D.head头。对方是让作者看看他的袜子，需要抬起腿来看。故答案为A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他光着脚，他说他一直希望能得到一双，但从来没有做到。我内心很沉重。A.magical有魔力的；B.sinking下沉的；Cforting安慰人的；D.frightening令人害怕的。对方的情况很艰难，作者心里替对方感到难过，所以内心会有下沉的感觉。asinkingfeeling沮丧之情。故答案为B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二天下班后，我去买袜子——大约值S100。A.money钱；B.worth价值；C.value价格、估价；D.worthy值得的。表示客观价值应用worth，袜子的价值为S100。故答案为B。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，我把闹钟调到5点，然后开车去了Tocal公园，那里是无家可归者常去的地方。A.made制作；B.placed放置；C.set设定；D.fixed安装。可知作者是把闹钟定在了五点，之后开车去公园。故答案为C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.countless数不尽的；B.sleepless失眠的；C.jobless失业的；D.homeless无家可归的。根据后文“Itwasstilldarkout.Itookoutabagofsocksand:7agroupofmen,standingaroundatree,8withcold.外面仍然很黑。我拿出一袋袜子，朝一群男人走去，他们站在一棵树旁，冻得发抖。”可知这些人是无家可归的。故答案为D。【27题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我拿出一袋袜子，朝一群男人走去，他们站在一棵树旁，冻得发抖。A.signaledto向…发信号；B.shoutedat冲…喊叫；C.headedfor前往…；D.wavedat向…挥手。根据后文“WhenIhandedeachofthemapairofsocks,theylookedconfusedatfirst,9mymotives(动机），buttookthem.当我递给他们每人一双袜子时，他们一开始看起来很困惑，怀疑我的动机，但还是收下了。”可知作者是走向了这些人的身边。故答案为C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.trembling颤抖；B.clapping拍手；C.jumping跳；D.sleeping睡觉。结合语境可知这些人是无家可归的人，在寒冷的冬天他们会很冷。即在天冷的时候他们会颤抖。故答案为A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我递给他们每人一双袜子时，他们一开始看起来很困惑，怀疑我的动机，但还是收下了。A.proving证明；B.inquiring询问；C.demanding要求；D.questioning质疑。由上句“theylookedconfusedatfirst他们起初很疑惑。”可知他们会质疑作者的动机。故答案为D。【30题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一个小时后，我把袜子都给了他们。A.tookoff脱下；B.tookout拿出；C.gaveoff发出；D.gaveout分发。根据上文“whenIhandedeachofthemapairofsocks,theylookedconfusedatfirst当我递给他们每人一双袜子时，他们一开始看起来很困惑。”可知作者在发袜子。故答案为D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在过去的几年里。这已成为我的习惯。这是会上瘾的。A.detective侦探的；B.impressive让人印象深刻的；C.addictive使人上瘾的；D.sensitive敏感的。根据上句“Inthepastyears,thishasbeemyhabit.在过去的几年里。这已成为我的习惯。”可知作者已经习惯了做这件事情,即作者是上瘾的。故答案为C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想，帮助一些人的生活变得更容易是令人难以置信的满足。A.satisfying令人满足的；B.embarrassing令人尴尬的；C.amazing令人吃惊的D.entertaining令人愉快的。结合语境可知，帮助别人让作者感到了满足。故答案为A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.winter冬天；B.lives生活；C.families家人；D.difficulties困难。结合文章作者是给无家可归的人发袜子。可知作者是想让他们的生活变的更容易一些。故答案为B。【34题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我一方面希望看到艾伯特在那里，但即使没有看见他，我也想其中的一双“袜子”会到他的手上。A.unless除非；B.until直到；C.evenif即使；D.asif好像。根据句意可知，此处用“即使”符合语境，能表达作者对那位流浪汉的牵挂和美好祝愿。故答案为C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一方面希望看到艾伯特在那里，但即使没有看见他，我也想其中的一双“袜子”会到他的手上。A.suit适合；B.fit适合；C.match匹配；D.find找到。作者希望袜子能够到流浪汉的手上。用“袜子”能找到他，比喻他终究会感受到人间的温暖，故答案为D。第二节语法填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）完成句子，在空白处填入适当的单